DE102010014612A1

DE102010014612A1 - Hollow rod shear connector e.g. two-phase anchor, for use in e.g. inclined roadway construction, has armature tube coated with addition mixed filling material, where clamping path is affiliated with anchor member through clamping sleeve

Info

Publication number: DE102010014612A1
Application number: DE201010014612
Authority: DE
Inventors: Dipl.-Ing. Berwald Dithmar; Dipl.-Ing. Berwald Werner P.; Dipl.-Ing. Geldermann Ulrike
Original assignee: Werner P. Berwald
Priority date: 2010-04-10
Filing date: 2010-04-10
Publication date: 2011-10-13

Abstract

The connector (1) e.g. two-phase anchor, has an armature tube (8) provided with welded mixer coils (14) or drilled scales (15) with a stretched wire network profile. The armature tube is coated with corundum-or steel filled nano- or high-frequency-adhesive or addition mixed filling material, and a hardening agent is embedded in a printing adhesive (25). A clamping path is affiliated with an anchor member (3) through a nut clamping sleeve (4), so that the non accidents causing protrusion of the connector forms a driving and transportation routes of elongated or tunnel drivers. An independent claim is also included for a method for manufacturing a hollow rod shear connector.

Description

The invention relates to a hollow bar composite anchor designed as a two-phase cartridge clamping sleeve spiral mixing anchor, with the additional function of a mechanical rod and distributor mixer for the pressed-out adhesive in the anchor ring space and with an extruder effect of a thin-bed mixture produced thereby by the welded-on mixer coils or GEWI flakes for adhesive cartridges Multiple components, as anchors for use in mining, tunneling, underground and rock construction, in combination with a pre-chamber method in the function of achieving an early vault formation in the tunneling.
The anchor hollow rod is additionally tempered with the mixer spiral or GEWI scales and clamped with the nut clamping sleeve and a maximum torque lock so that in conjunction with a flat-construction anchor beam with integrated biasing element, a projection of the armature is avoided in the track to the trackless vehicles that Prevent slitting of tires. With a corrugated solid rod and with an additional cartridge in the anchor hollow bar, the anchor breaking load is doubled subsequently.
Hollow bar anchors, as single- or two-phase anchors with two-component adhesives are also known as injection anchors for stabilizing spaces in mining and tunneling, in the underground and open pit of rock and retaining walls with and without an additional adhesive magazine and in the writings DE 103 36 043 A1 . DE 103 36 040 A1 . DE 103 21 175 B3 . DE 103 01 968 A1 . DE 100 17 763 A1 . DE 100 17 751 A1 . 100 17 750 A1 . DE 299 00 432 U1 . US 4,055,051 . DE 31 00 730 A1 . 10 2006 002 215.7 . DE 10 2005 004 364.2 and DE 2006 006 748.7 and DE 10 2006 011 652.6 described in detail. With these hollow bar composite anchors listed here, the anchor hole is produced depending on the rock hardness, in the wet or dry drilling process. An additional rinsing or suction channel for the removal of drill cuttings from the bore is required in these systems in the case of single-phase anchor systems.
After the manufacture of the anchor hole is from an additional inner tube, which serves as an adhesive magazine and in which the adhesive and hardener stored in separate tubes, via internal mechanical separation devices to the scavenging or suction, in the annulus between anchor and bore, with the help of centrally built-in staircase or step mixers with small diameter with great expenditure of time, the cartridge adhesive pressed out.
These hitherto known single-phase composite anchors can only be used in rotation, for the time-consuming production of an anchor hole, since the central suspension of the adhesive magazine with the plastic sleeves is destroyed immediately with a rotary impact drilling method. These anchor systems all have a remaining in the hole and thus lost drill bit.
The distinguishing features of the various procedures are shown below with the business qualifications:
1. Solid bar anchor using the cartridge setting method:
In this method, a finned on the outside solid rod is screwed into a previously drilling technology created, filled with tube-in-tube adhesive cartridges wellbore low speed and high speed, the first inserted adhesive cartridge with a short curing time the weight of the entire armature, especially in the banking rights anchor arrangement should set quickly.
The chisel-like anchor head destroys the glue cartridges and mixes glue and hardener. The adhesive mixture is displaced in the armature cavity by the inserted anchor rod, fills the anchor ring space between anchor rod and borehole wall and exits at the anchor foot.
The placement of the anchor, with the drilling and introduction of the adhesive column, is labor-intensive, is carried out in unsecured, hazardous driving area and makes high quality demands, both on the machine technology used, as well as the training and discipline of the staff, to comply with the prescribed speeds and feed rate. The adhesive cartridges must therefore be stored in sufficient, secured amount in the track on the spot and kept.
As a result, the installation quality of the anchor is prone to error and leads in extreme cases to endanger the stability of the mines, since the adhesive cartridges used in too long storage times by diffusing the chemistry, lose mass and thereby bend during installation, tear in the borehole by staggered joints and the curing process is different and too early.
Furthermore, there is a risk of the finger glove effect when the tracked armature is wrapped in the mixing process with the undamaged cartridge shell and thus the desired adhesion and frictional contact between the anchor adhesive and the mountains is interrupted in the anchor hole. The load capacity of the armature is thereby reduced and can lead to endangerment of the developed propulsion.
If the anchor can not be fully set, the not screwed anchor part because of the obstruction in the driveway with consequences of accidents, sawed off time-consuming and thus reduces the required anchor length for the safety of the vault.
Mechanization / automation of the operations for introducing such anchor has not been successful, especially for applications in layered rock. This means that such propulsions are less powerful, since the time required for the introduction of about 50 pieces anchor to secure a knockdown about 5 to 6 hours and with the anchor method immediate support the vault formation is not achieved.
In addition, the operations associated with permanent manual tool change, connection drill hammer / boring bar, plugging the anchor wrench, plugging the anchor, associated with risks to the staff involved and the process requires a permanent residence of persons in unsecured danger area of the drive. Risk reduction is only conditionally possible in the current state of the art.
2.) Solid bar anchor with filling mortar:
On full bar anchors in connection with the filling mortar method in which the mortar or adhesive is mixed pumping into the well, is not discussed separately, as this design as an expansion anchor in the underground propulsion area, is not yet used.
3.) Self-drilling hollow bar composite anchors with integrated adhesive magazine:
Self-drilling single-shaft hollow-rod composite anchors with integral adhesive magazine are known and used as a combined boring bar / anchor system. The anchor is equipped with a lost drill bit, the outer shape of the drill rod / anchor, with the rolled thread on a low pitch, is provided for the removal of cuttings from the anchor hole during the drilling process, without causing overheating of the drill bit. To prevent this, however, can only be achieved with an excessive cooling water pressure.
The hollow bar includes an additional inner tube containing the pre-assembled adhesive and hardener in separate tubes. Between the inner tube and inner diameter of the hollow rod is the flushing channel is used for flushing with air, water or water mixture WaLu during the drilling process.
In order to obtain the same diameter of the drill heads in blasting, the volume of the adhesive cartridge must be reduced so much that can be filled with the remaining adhesive excess, drilled crevices and joints, barely enough with the adhesive cartridge to better adhesion between mountains and To reach anchor.
In order to provide the required adhesive surplus, a larger diameter is required for this single-phase self-drilling system. In the production of these anchor bores, however, then up to 30% more mountains / hole is crushed with more time and the use of these systems for the route or tunneling uneconomical.
After the production of the bore of the additional inner tube of the adhesive and hardener, as a hose in hose cartridge with a piston, by applying high pressure water, on the static, with a small diameter centrally installed step or stair mixer pressed.
The adhesive mixture exits only via two small holes on the anchor head and fills the annulus between the anchor and borehole wall for curing. Due to their construction, these self-boring single-phase composite anchors with integrated inner tube as adhesive magazine are only suitable for rotary drilling processes and require only 0.8 dm3 for 3 minutes for the extrusion process and are therefore unsuitable for fast thin-bed cartridges for early vaulting.
Rotary drilling can also be done underground only up to max. 25 to 30%, so to a limited extent, depending on the rock properties, and requires a high cooling effort, which must be increased in harder rock formations to prevent the burning and annealing of the carbide cutters in the drill bit.
With the exorbitant water consumption / Anchor hole, can by exploring a water-sensitive mountain formation, a propulsion in the ges. Performance be disturbed sensitive.
Self-drilling composite anchors are therefore not suitable to economically replace with 100% the described in 1. and 2., in cartridge or mortar method Vollstabanker. The hollow bar anchor centrally suspended in plastic parts tube as an adhesive magazine, would at a rotationally impacting application, by the triggered vibrations totally fail.
A use of in the ges. Construction costly and therefore expensive anchor in rock properties that do not allow rotating drilling and where this self-drilling anchor, must be introduced later in a previously beating - or Drehschlagend produced wellbore, is economically not justified for the above reasons.
4.) Hollow bar injection anchor:
Hollow bar injection anchors are known as IBO injection self-drilling anchors, or as anchors to be subsequently introduced into previously made wellbores. Through the hollow bar, an adhesive or mortar mixture, in the flushed annular space between the outer wall of the hollow rod and the borehole wall, pressed by injection as an injection method.
A great mechanical engineering effort is required because a stocking the ges. Chemistry in the range with the pump sets, refill containers, etc. for the adhesive and for the hardener, must be ensured in its function.
A very disadvantageous effect in this case is the setting speed of the static staircase or step mixer of small diameter arranged centrally in the hollow bar, with which the desired increase in performance of the IBO injection method is slowed down.
The injection process is technically complicated, costly and time-consuming, since an additional amount of adhesive mixture is lost in the hollow rod anchor and a subsequent anchor reinforcement with an additional cartridge and a corrugated solid rod is then no longer possible.
These disadvantages are not compensated by the very good quality of installation of the anchor in practice, since the mechanical engineering effort is associated with great costs.
All adapters, valves and mixer devices, designed for two components, harden very quickly due to improper use and longer downtimes with residual adhesive and thus become unusable. These disadvantages can be countered only with a very expensive, uneconomical spare parts inventory.
Since none of the methods described above fully meet today's business and safety requirements and other anchor types such. B. expansion sleeve anchor and Reibrohranker especially for applications in mining and tunneling only partially in question, there is the need to develop an alternative anchor system.
The aim of the subject invention is to provide a trained as a two-phase hollow bar composite anchor cartridge parent clamping sleeve spiral anchor with the previously time-consuming and cost-intensive, as well as quality and safety problems afflicted composite anchor systems in the manufacture and use can be replaced.
The system is intended to substantially minimize the installation time, increase performance with good quality installation as a full or free-play composite anchor, reducing personnel costs through mechanization and reducing the risk of accidents by the elimination of manual work in the unsecured area in tunnel and route propulsion, as well as to better secure the ensure underground routes.
In addition, a method for producing a designed as a hollow rod composite anchor two-phase cartridge-nut tension sleeve spiral mixing anchor proposed by which the hollow rod composite anchor made more economical and significantly simplified in function.
5.) Her Two Phase Cartridge Nut Clamp Spiral Mixing Anchor, with Sheath Mixer.
This object is achieved by a trained as a hollow bar composite anchor two-phase cartridge-nut tension sleeve spiral mixing anchor for use in mountain tunneling, underground and rock, with an at least partially embedded in a hollow rod bore of a hollow rod adhesive system, a pre-assembled one, two or Multiple component pressure or stress adhesive, achieved as a thin bed mixture with an anchor head side provided jacket mixer and bursting valve.
The high throughput capacity during the squeezing process is triggered by an ejection opening which is larger than the diameter of the inserted adhesive cartridge in the shell mixer and with an ejection piston positioned on the armature foot side.
The previously used central-axis built-in staircase or step mixer, with the exorbitant Auspresszeiten for only 0.8 dm3 omitted because it is a fast, supporting vault formation in not yet developed propulsion can not be achieved.
The maximum ejection opening, with the cutting edges thus created to open the Cartridge and Härterschlauches, is achieved by the flat, ribbed one-sided or double-sided cutting of the shell mixer with different possibilities of arrangement. In the trap formed in the shell mixer, the squeezed cartridge tubes are added.
The outer surface of the hollow-bar composite anchor, with a single- or multi-start mixer spiral or GEWI flakes, is tempered with the additionally applied process heat and acts as a mixing, transport and extruder spiral, for the pressed-out adhesive to form a thin-bed mixture in the anchor ring space.
By the rotation of the carriage with the ges. Anchor is at each point in the anchor hole, with the additional generated extruder effect by the mixer spiral or the GEWI scales in the anchor ring space, also the filling of all cut gaps and joints, with the accompanying thin-bed mixing process secured to the anchor foot and an intensive bond with reached the mountains, which is responsible for an early vault formation to the still unsecured tee in the route or tunnel propulsion.
This object is achieved by a method for producing a hollow bar composite anchor designed as a two-phase cartridge-Spannspannülsen Spiralmischanker by the outer surface of the anchor hollow rod is provided with welded mixer spirals or GEWI scales, the anchor head as a shell mixer in different versions, with a scraper blade, bursting valve , Catching space and the one- or two-component adhesive cartridge are introduced with a pre-assembled pressure or stress adhesive, at least one extrusion piston, the same time in the final position for the inflowing pressurized water, as a gate valve in the extrusion process, together with the ziamonikaartig pressed and deferred adhesive and Hardening hose in the trap of the sheath mixer is used.
With the hollow bar composite anchor according to the invention, designed as a two-phase cartridge clamping sleeve spiral mixing anchor, it is now possible, with a smaller armature diameter, a higher armature capacity / m2, with up to 30% substantially lower rock chip / anchor bore and with the larger adhesive throughput of 1.3 dm3 a maximum extrusion time of 3 seconds / anchor to realize with the thin-bed mixing process in the anchor ring space, by the rotational movement of the carriage. The installation of this two-phase cartridge-nut tensioned sleeve spiral anchor, as a hollow bar composite anchor takes place in two phases:
1st phase:
Producing an anchor hole with the defined diameter by means of a powerful drilling method depending on the rock properties, rotating, hitting or turning, cooled and rinsed under high pressure with a water-air mixture Wa-Lu from the cuttings.
With the maximum prefastening of the two-phase cartridge-nut tensioner spiral mixing anchor, the required amount of excess of one-, two-component or stress-adhesive mixture, designed to determine the hollow bar anchor in the anchor hole and for filling all cut gaps and columns, held on the use.
Thus, depending on the mountain conditions encountered up to the loose rock, with the predetermined design length of the adhesive cartridge, the required adhesive consumption / hollow bar filling, economically adapted to the geology encountered and pre-planned.
2nd phase:
Introducing the prefabricated two-phase cartridge-nut tension sleeve spiral mixing anchor, with an anchor beam.
With the extrusion piston mounted in the anchor foot, the adhesive cartridge pre-assembled in the two-phase cartridge clamping sleeve spiral anchor is reached with the high pressure in the pre-chamber formed in the anchor bore, when reaching the extrusion position of the anchor before the deepest hole, which corresponds to the volume of the inserted cartridge Piston in a maximum of 3 seconds for 1.3 dm3, through the correspondingly large-sized opening in the shell mixer, squeezed out.
The ziekonikaartig pushed adhesive and hardener tubes are included in the trap of the sheath mixer and thus can not trigger the dreaded finger glove effect that significantly reduces the carrying capacity of the set anchor in the cartridge setting process.
Thereafter, while maintaining the relaxed water column behind the extrusion piston, a brief rotational movement for mixing the pressed adhesive cartridge with the hardener on the blocked by a shear mother clamping sleeve of the drill mount executed and the anchor until the installation of the anchor beam to the mountains, rotating inserted into the antechamber and with the single or multi-course mixer spiral or the GEWI dandruff the mixed adhesive, for thin bed curing to the anchor foot distributed in the borehole.
The adhesive mixture serves as a lubricant for the initiated rotational movement prior to complete curing.
The remaining in the armature water column serves to support the piston during the feed, so that the piston can not be pushed back by the volume of adhesive to be displaced in the antechamber in the anchor tube.
The anchor is braced after curing of the adhesive volume, with the nut clamping sleeve and the maximum torque, until the response of the break bolt safety, without further investment in mechanical equipment are required.
With the nut clamping sleeve, in combination with the flat trained anchor beam, the integrated biasing member and the statically determined mountain support, the claw is activated and prevented with the prestressed anchor, a protruding anchor tube in the driveway, as with the nut tension sleeve anchor anchor path in the anchor hole with the thread is received.
With the nut sleeve seal in the anchor hole, the leakage of adhesive mixture at the anchor foot is prevented and the extruder effect of the hollow rod anchor in the anchor hole, reinforced to fill all the connected fractures without triggering a splitting of the mountains by an uncontrolled injection.
The adhesive mixture in the anchor ring space, remains until hardening under the water accumulation pressure of the applied extrusion piston in the hollow rod anchor.
After the breaking pin safety device responds, the breaking load of the two-phase cartridge-nutred-sleeve spiral mixing anchor can be doubled with the insertion of an additional cartridge and with a corrugated solid rod into the hollow rod being pressed out.
The two-phase cartridge-nut tension sleeve spiral mixing anchor system described here, with the rapid and supportive formation of a vault, is ideal for full mechanization or automation of the whole. Insertion process with drill carriages from the secured room, in the unsecured area of a route or tunneling and for the significant shortening of the ges. Workflow suitable so that risks to personnel by nachbrechendes rock when handling in unsecured area of jacking, avoided.
The invention thus relates to a hollow bar composite anchor designed as a two-phase cartridge clamping sleeve spiral mixing anchor in a prefabricated embodiment with a one-, two-component or pressure-adhesive filling-adhesive + hardener as granules and a surface finish by the mixing spiral or GEWI flakes applied by welding, for cost-effective and safe Expansion of cavities in mining, tunneling, underground and rock construction, without provision of sensitive pump systems, storage quantities of anchor cartridges, etc. in line or tunneling.
The one-, two-component or pressure-sensitive adhesive is incorporated in the hollow rod, without intermediate means such as inner tube, as adhesive magazine and without inner flushing channels and directly, without a negative flow inhibiting Zentrachsig arranged stage or stair mixer, with a positive-acting shell mixer and bursting valve in Anchor head, squeezed out via a piston in the anchor hollow rod with pressurized water.
With the knife edge held discharge openings in the shell mixer is destroyed by the discontinued discharge pressure and the rotational movement of the armature, first the bursting valve and then slit the nachgepreßte adhesive cartridge with the knife edge of the extrusion and the adhesive and hardening hose, taken as a shell in the trap of the jacket mixer.
The entire amount of adhesive then flows at the high, generated outflow velocity abruptly into the, formed with the anchor in the anchor hole prechamber, so that the entire cartridge and hardening hose is ziemonikaartig merged by the extrusion piston into the trap of the sheath mixer at the end of Auspressvorganges.
The pressurized extrusion piston acts in the end position with the collapsed cartridge tube at the same time as a gate valve to prevent retraction of the adhesive mass in the anchor hollow rod during the adhesive mixing process in the anchor hole, which shortens the adhesive length in the annulus of the anchor hole and to weaken the introduced two-phase cartridge-nut tensioned sleeve spiral anchor.
The surface of the anchor tube is replaced by a single or multi-start welded mixer spiral or GEWI flakes to increase the friction value. With this anchor system, will be in Anean mountains quickly reached a stabilized zone to the vault formation around the route or tunnel cross-section.
The method with the higher amount of adhesive for safe filling of all drilled joints, increases the layer friction and the rock resistance, which can oppose the rock pressure and the dead weight of the formed vault in the anchored stretch area, sufficient resistance and relieves a Kombiausbau in route propulsion.
At the Anchor is with the Ankersetzadapter that pushes the anchor as a mixer and transport rod rotating into the hole and carries in itself a hydraulically movable setting device with the task of pressurized water or the sealing function takes place at the anchor foot, the Auspressvorgang for the prefabricated adhesive cartridge initiated.
After the curing time of the pressed-out cartridge adhesive, the tightening of the nut clamping sleeve up to the response of the break bolt safety device is carried out with a defined torque with the integrated tensioning element of the anchor beam. To accommodate the crowned displaced nut sleeve with the internal thread of the anchor foot receives an external thread. The break bolt safety device penetrates only the anchor and nut clamping sleeve and leaves the armature cavity free for subsequent reinforcement with a glue cartridge and corrugated solid rod, even after shearing.
With a hexagonal, plate spring-like shaped anchor beam, a defined preload, added after setting the hollow bar composite anchor outside the Ankermundloches all forces, while the anchor hole gently, for tensioning the two-phase cartridge mixing anchor, removes into the mountains and is supported by three static certain areas far outside the anchor hole on the mountains and digs with three other, statically determined edges with the mountain surface.
The size and hoof bearing surface of the anchor beam depends on the specific strength and nature of the encountered mountains.
The bearing of the nut clamping sleeve in the anchor beam is convex and can thus adapt to the mountain surface in any situation, the set anchor hole subsequently during the tensioning process.
The use of the anchor beam with the two-phase cartridge-nut tensioned sleeve spiral anchor, as pre-stressed free-play anchor, is particularly suitable for suspension of loads with static and dynamic loads for EHB and EMTS conveyor systems via a screwed fork pin, with all lateral forces when receiving turnbuckles or Chains to be derived in the mountains.
An improvement to the mountain adhesion of the hollow bar anchor surface, for example, with a deferred cable net, after clamping on the hollow bar anchor tube jacket, coated with a padded nano- or high-frequency adhesive, to increase the surface friction of the anchor hollow rod, set.
Advantageous developments of the two-phase cartridge-nut tensioning sleeve spiral mixing armature according to the invention with the shell mixer are shown in the associated dependent claims. The subject invention is illustrated by means of embodiments and described as follows. Show it:
1 Hollow bar anchor as a two-phase cartridge-nut sleeve spiral mixing anchor in half view with mixer spirals and half view with GEWI scales, in longitudinal section of an anchor hole, with a Ausgäummeißel, shell mixer with collecting chamber, an anchor beam with integrated clamping system and a nut clamping sleeve with sealing elements.
2 Anchor base of the two-phase cartridge-nut sleeve spiral mixing anchor in longitudinal section, with the nut clamping sleeve, shear protection, sealing elements and hexagonal anchor beam.
3 The exemplary embodiment of a shell mixer of the two-phase cartridge-nut tension sleeve spiral mixing anchor in three views, with a one-sided, parallel-cut Ausräummeißel, trap, cartridge cutting, bursting valve and adhesive cartridge in the antechamber.
4 The exemplary embodiment of a shell mixer of the two-phase cartridge-nut tension sleeve spiral mixing anchor in three views, with an asymmetrically unilaterally cut Ausräummeißel, trap, cartridge cutting, bursting valve and adhesive cartridge in the antechamber.
5 The exemplary embodiment of a shell mixer of the two-phase cartridge-nut tension sleeve spiral mixing anchor in three views, with a rib-shaped two-sided trimming Ausgäummeißel, trap, cartridge cutting, bursting valve and adhesive cartridge in the antechamber.
6 The exemplary embodiment of a shell mixer of the two-phase cartridge-nut tensioned sleeve spiral anchor in three views, with notched two-sided trimmed Ausgäummeißel, trap, cartridge cutting, bursting valve and adhesive cartridge in the antechamber.
7 The exemplary embodiment of a shell mixer of the two-phase cartridge-nut tension sleeve spiral mixing anchor in three views, with two rows arranged Auspressbohrungen, trap, cartridge cutting, bursting valve and adhesive cartridge in the antechamber.
8th Section of the anchor tube to the two-phase cartridge nut sleeve spiral mixer, with a mixer spiral.
9 Section of the Anchor Tube to the Two-Phase Cartridge Nut Collet Spiral Mixer Anchor with GEWI Shed Assembly.
10 Section of the anchor tube to the two-phase cartridge-nut tensioned spiral anchor, with a wire net profile, braced with a nano- or high-frequency adhesive.
11 Free-spin anchor suspension system for EHB and EMTS railways.
description
1 shows the hollow bar composite anchor designed as a two-phase cartridge-nut tension sleeve spiral mixing anchor 1 in longitudinal section in upper half view with mixer spirals 14 and antechamber 18 , as well as in half lower view with GEWI scales 15 in an anchor hole 2 without squeezed adhesive cartridge 16 , with an anchor beam 3 in a ball socket 6 the nut clamping sleeve 4 with the shear protection 5 on a threaded part 7 of the anchor tube 8th , with the chisel 9 on the jacket mixer 10 receives. The anchor tube 8th is used to preserve the structural fibers without a rolled or whirled adhesive thread, with a smooth inner surface 11 executed and can thereby in diameter 12 be designed smaller without losing strength.
The anchor tube 8th the hollow bar composite anchor 1 works with the mixer spiral 14 as a mixer rod 13 , also called GEWI scales 15 can be applied. The glue cartridge 16 is with the extrusion piston 17 in the antechamber 18 over the shell mixer 10 pressed, with the sudden release of the Auspressvorganges on the bursting valve 24 the glue and hardener tubes in the trap area 20 of the sheath mixer. This remains up to anchor hole 28 squeezed adhesive volume 22 or the pressure glue 25 until hardened under high pressure 23 stand.
After making the anchor hole 2 with a rotary beating drill mount, the prefabricated hollow bar composite anchor 1 taken from a magazine of the drill carriage, into the anchor hole 2 introduced and as far as the deepest borehole 21 geschohen, the thus formed antechamber 18 the glue volume 22 the glue cartridge 16 equivalent. By means of an adapter of the drill mount in the hollow bar composite anchor 1 embedded adhesive cartridge 16 with an extrusion piston 17 over the shell mixer 10 with the bursting valve 24 in the antechamber 18 pressed with water high pressure to the first adhesive premix. The pressed adhesive and hardener hoses become 19 in the jacket mixer 10 , with the discharge pressure of the glue cartridge 16 , in the catching area 20 of the sheath mixer 10 established.
When using a prefabricated pressure-sensitive adhesive 25 becomes with the high water pressure 23 over the extrusion piston 17 and with the bursting valve 24 the chemical reaction in the prefabricated pressure-sensitive adhesive 25 , triggered to trigger the curing process. After the curing time of the adhesive volume 22 / Pressure sensitive adhesive 25 , is tightened with a defined torque tightening the nut clamping sleeve 4 about the shear protection 5 , the further tension of the cut mountain layers 26 reached.
With the hexagonal anchor beam 3 and the plate spring-like shaped integrated clamping element 27 , A defined bias after setting the hollow bar composite anchor 1 taken outside the anchorage hole 28 all static and dynamic forces gently in the mountain layers 26 radially transmits and thus a knocking and breaking out of Ankermundloches 28 prevented.
It is determined statically with three offset by 120 °, arranged offset truss tips 30 , the claw of the anchor beam 3 with the mountains 26 achieved and with the other offset by 120 ° arranged truss bearings 29 , the sinking of the anchor beam 3 in softer mountain layers 26 prevents when the diameter 31 the anchor beam 3 , the specific hardness to the mountain layers 26 is adjusted.
With the arranged sealing elements 33 the nut clamping sleeve 4 , the anchor hole becomes 2 in anchor hole 28 so far sealed that with the anchor tube 8th , as a mixing rod 13 with the mixer spiral 14 or the GEWI scales 15 , throughout the anchorage hole 2 a thin bed mix 32 of the glue volume 22 he follows.
With the under high pressure 23 standing adhesive volume 22 becomes the filling of all the fissures and fissures in the mountain range 26 , even with reversal of the direction of rotation, with the then beginning extruder effect of the mixer spirals 14 , or GEWI scales 15 achieved without the excess volume of the adhesive cartridge 22 or pressure-sensitive adhesive 25 , a fission effect through the filled clefts and fissures in the mountain strata 26 takes place and from the anchor hole 28 unpleasant amounts of glue 22 or 25 can escape.
After the response of the shear protection 5 with the nut clamping sleeve 4 , can with another adhesive cartridge a corrugated solid rod, for double anchor reinforcement 77 the hollow bar composite anchor 1 be introduced, if required by the geological conditions encountered, as with the shear protection 5 , only the anchor tube 8th with the nut clamping sleeve 4 , is interspersed.
This anchor reinforcement 77 is then relocated for equalization of operations from the tunneling in the rear track or tunnel room.
2 shows the anchor foot 75 with the nut clamping sleeve 4 in longitudinal section with the sealing elements 33 in the sleeve area 34 , a ball socket 6 in the flat-building anchor beam 3 ,
With the sealing elements 33 becomes the anchor hole 28 sealed to those in the cut mountain layers 26 Occur clefts and crevices, with which the under high pressure 23 standing adhesive volume 22 / 25 for better vaulting of the mountain strata 26 through a thin bed mix 32 contributes, without that with the adhesive excess amount a splitting effect in the drilled mountain layers 26 is produced.
After the curing of the adhesive volume 22 / 25 becomes the nut clamping sleeve 4 until the triggering of the disconnection 5 dressed. The tensioning path 35 becomes inside the nut clamping sleeve 4 recorded without the thus stressed hollow bar composite anchor 1 the flat-building anchor beam 4 surmounted and in the driveway 36 contributes to the cause of the accident.
With this flat design, the slitting of tires in the trackless operation of protruding, tense anchor ends is prevented.
3 shows the exemplary anchor head 37 of the two-phase cartridge-nut tension sleeve spiral mixing anchor as hollow bar composite anchor 1 in longitudinal cross-section and top view, with chisel-shaped scraper bit 9 , with the parallel to the tube axis 38 of the anchor tube 8th , arranged extrusion opening 39 in the jacket mixer 10 , in the area of the antechamber 18 ,
With the scraper 9 becomes the catching area 20 for the adhesive and hardener hoses 19 formed and with the bursting valve 24 the inserted adhesive cartridge 16 or the volume of glue 22 of the pressure-sensitive adhesive 25 , during transport of the hollow bar composite anchor 1 secured.
The burst valve 24 Arrives immediately if with the high pressure water 23 the extrusion piston 17 impinged and by the rotating shell mixer 10 splintered into the hollow bar composite anchor 1 formed antechamber 18 in the anchor hole 2 with the volume of glue 22 is pressed.
With the parallel to the tube axis 38 arranged extrusion opening 39 be with the formed cutting edges 40 , the glue and hardener tubes 19 slashed.
The total area of the ejection opening 39 is equal to or greater than the inner diameter 12 of the anchor tube 8th ,
4 shows the exemplary anchor head 42 of the two-phase cartridge nut sleeves Spiralmischankers, as a hollow bar composite anchor 1 in longitudinal cross-section and top view, with chisel-shaped scraper bit 9 with the axis asymmetric 38 of the anchor tube 8th , arranged extrusion opening 43 in the jacket mixer 44 in the area of the antechamber 18 ,
With the scraper 9 becomes the catching area 20 for the adhesive and hardener hoses 19 formed and with the bursting valve 24 the inserted adhesive cartridge 16 or the volume of glue 22 of the pressure-sensitive adhesive 25 , secured during transport of the hollow bar composite anchor.
The burst valve 24 Arrives immediately if with the high pressure water 23 the extrusion piston 17 impinged and by the rotating shell mixer 44 splintered into the hollow bar composite anchor 1 formed antechamber 18 in the anchor hole 2 with the volume of glue 22 is pressed.
With the asymmetrical to the tube axis 38 arranged extrusion opening 43 become the cutting edges 45 , for opening the adhesive and hardener tubes 19 slashed. The total area of the ejection opening 43 is equal to or greater than the inner diameter 12 of the anchor tube 8th ,
5 shows the exemplary anchor head 46 of the two-phase cartridge-nut tension sleeve spiral mixing anchor as hollow bar composite anchor 1 , in longitudinal cross-section and plan view, with the chisel-shaped scraper 9 , with those in the sheath mixer 47 arranged opposite Auspresschlitzen 48 in the jacket mixer 47 in the area of the antechamber 18 ,
With the scraper 9 becomes the catching area 20 for the adhesive and hardener hoses 19 formed and with the bursting valve 24 the inserted adhesive cartridge 16 or the volume of glue 22 of the pressure-sensitive adhesive 25 , during transport of the hollow bar composite anchor 1 secured.
The burst valve 24 Arrives immediately if with the high pressure water 23 the extrusion piston 17 impinged and by the rotating shell mixer 47 splintered into the hollow bar composite anchor 1 formed antechamber 18 in the anchor hole 2 , with the adhesive volume 22 is pressed.
With the Ausschlesschlitzen 48 become the glue and hardener tubes 19 , for opening with the cutting edges 49 slashed. The total area of the squeezing slots 48 is equal to or greater than the inner diameter 41 of the anchor tube 8th ,
6 shows the exemplary anchor head 50 of the two-phase cartridge-nut tension sleeve spiral mixing anchor as hollow bar composite anchor 1 in longitudinal cross-section and top view, with the chisel-shaped scouring chisel 9 , with those in the sheath mixer 51 arranged opposite Auspresskerben 52 in the jacket mixer 51 in the area of the antechamber 18 ,
With the scraper 9 becomes the catching area 53 for the adhesive and hardener hoses 19 formed and with the bursting valve 24 the inserted adhesive cartridge 16 or the volume of glue 22 of the pressure-sensitive adhesive 25 , during transport of the hollow bar composite anchor 1 secured.
The burst valve 24 Arrives immediately if with the high pressure water 23 the extrusion piston 17 impinged and by the rotating shell mixer 51 splintered into the hollow bar composite anchor 1 formed antechamber 18 in the anchor hole 2 , with the adhesive volume 22 is pressed. With the Ausdrückkerben 52 become the glue and hardener tubes 19 , for opening with the cutting edges 54 slashed. The total area of the Ausdrückkerben 52 is equal to or greater than the inner diameter 41 of the anchor tube 8th ,
7 shows the exemplary anchor head 55 of the two-phase cartridge-nut tension sleeve spiral mixing anchor as hollow bar composite anchor 1 in longitudinal cross-section and plan view, with the chisel-shaped scraper bit 9 , with those in the sheath mixer 56 annular, staggered Auspressbohrungen 57 . 59 in the plane 1 and 2 , in the sheath mixer 56 in the area of the antechamber 18 ,
With the scraper 9 becomes the catching area 58 for the glue and hard tubes 19 formed and with the bursting valve 24 the inserted adhesive cartridge 16 or the volume of glue 22 of the pressure-sensitive adhesive 25 , during transport of the hollow bar composite anchor 1 , secured.
The burst valve 24 Arrives immediately if with the high pressure water 23 the extrusion piston 17 impinged and by the rotating shell mixer 56 splintered into the hollow bar composite anchor 1 formed antechamber 18 in the anchor hole 2 , with the adhesive volume 22 is pressed.
With the Auspressbohrungen 57 . 59 become the glue and hardener tubes 19 , for opening with the cutting edges 60 slashed. The total area of the Auspressbohrungen 57 . 59 is equal to or greater than the inner diameter 41 of the anchor tube 8th ,
8th shows the section 61 an anchor tube 8th of the two-phase cartridge-nut tension sleeve spiral mixing anchor as hollow bar composite anchor 1 , with a welded mixer spiral 14 , with which the hollow bar composite anchor 1 as a mixer rod 13 the glue volume 22 to the thin bed mixture 32 in the anchor hole 2 distributed and after reversing the direction of rotation through the drill mount, also acts as an extruder for filling the cut fractures and crevices, without a splitting operation in truncated mountain layers 26 trigger.
With the applied single or multi-start mixer spiral 14 , is used in the manufacture of the hollow bar composite anchor 1 , with the process heat introduced, the anchor tube 8th tempered and thus simultaneously increases the anchor breaking load.
9 shows the section 62 an anchor tube 8th of the two-phase cartridge-nut tension sleeve spiral mixing anchor as hollow bar composite anchor 1 , with thread-welded GEWI scales 15 , with which the hollow bar composite anchor 1 as a mixer rod 13 the glue volume 22 to the thin bed mixture 32 in the anchor hole 2 distributed and after reversal of the direction of rotation through the drill mount, also acts as an extruder to fill the fractured clefts and crevices, without a splitting process in the cut mountain layers 26 trigger.
With the applied GEWI scales 15 , is used in the manufacture of the hollow bar composite anchor 1 , with the process heat introduced, the anchor tube 8th tempered and thus simultaneously increases the anchor breaking load.
10 shows the section 63 an anchor tube 8th of the two-phase cartridge-nut tension sleeve spiral mixing anchor as hollow bar composite anchor 1 , with the wound wire net profile 64 , as an adhesive surface 65 and coating with a nano or high frequency adhesive 66 ,
After this procedure, is on the blasted and thus roughened adhesive surface 65 of the anchor tube 8th , the wire net profile 64 mounted and then a coating 67 with the filled with additives such as corundum or steel gravel nano or high frequency adhesive 66 performed.
11 shows the representation as a hollow bar composite anchor 1 , in the anchor hole 2 as a free-game anchor 69 for rail-safe suspension of EHB or EMTS systems, with the anchor beam 3 , the integrated clamping element 27 , with the screwed clevis 72 and a safety lock 73 for setting and checking the hour. The EHB heavy duty rail system 74 comes with a hydraulic gear drive in modular design 75 operated.
LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11: HohlstabverbundankerHollow bar shear connectors
22: Ankerbohrung, zu 1 Anchor hole, too 1
33: Ankertraverse, sechseckig, zu 1 Anchor beam, hexagonal, too 1
44: Mutterspannhülse, zu 1 Nut clamping sleeve, too 1
55: Abschersicherung, zu 4 Shielding protection, too 4
66: Kugelpfanne, zu 3 Ball socket, too 3
77: Gewindeteil, zu 8 Threaded part, too 8th
88th: Ankerrohr, Hohlstab, zu 1 Anchor tube, hollow rod, too 1
99: Ausräummeißel zu 10 Clearing chisel too 10
1010: Mantelmischer, zu 1 Sheath mixer, too 1
1111: Innenfläche, zu 1 Inside surface, too 1
1212: Innerer Durchmesser, zu 8, 10, 37, 42 Inner diameter, too 8th . 10 . 37 . 42
1313: Mischerstab, zu 8 Mixer rod, too 8th
1414: Mischerspirale, zu 8 Mixer spiral, too 8th
1515: GEWI-Schuppe, zu 8 GEWI-scale, too 8th
1616: Kleberpatrone, zu 1 Glue cartridge, too 1
1717: Auspresskolben, zu 1 Extrusion piston, too 1
1818: Vorkammer, zu 2 Antechamber, too 2
1919: Kleber- und Härterschlauch, zu 16 Glue and hardener hose, too 16
2020: Fangraum, zu 10, 44, 47, 56 Catching area, too 10 . 44 . 47 . 56
2121: Bohrlochtiefsten, zu 2 Well deepest, too 2
2222: Klebervolumen, zu 16, 25 Adhesive volume, too 16 . 25
2323: Wasserhochdruck, zu 1 High pressure, too 1
2424: Berstventil, zu 10, 44, 47 Bursting valve, too 10 . 44 . 47
2525: Druckkleber, zu 1 Pressure glue, too 1
2626: Gebirgsschichten, zu 2 Mountain strata, too 2
2727: Spannelement, integriert, zu 3 Clamping element, integrated, too 3
2828: Ankermundloch, zu 2 Anchor hole, too 2
2929: Traversenauflager, zu 3 Truss support, too 3
3030: Traversenspitzen, zu 3 Truss tips, too 3
3131: Durchmesser, zu 3 Diameter, too 3
3232: Dünnbettmischung, zu 22 Thin bed mix, too 22
3333: Dichtelement, zu 4 Sealing element, too 4
3434: Hülsenbereich, zu 4 Sleeve area, too 4
3535: Spannweg, zu 4 Tension, too 4
3636: Fahrwegroadway
3737: Ankerkopf, zu 8 Anchor head, too 8th
3838: Ankerachse, zu 8 Anchor axis, too 8th
3939: Auspressöffnung, zu 8 Squeezing opening, too 8th
4040: Schneidkanten, zu 39 Cutting edges, too 39
4141: Innendurchmesser, zu 46, 50, 55 Inside diameter, too 46 . 50 . 55
4242: Ankerkopf, zu 8 Anchor head, too 8th
4343: Auspressöffnung, zu 42 Squeezing opening, too 42
4444: Mantelmischer, zu 8 Sheath mixer, too 8th
4545: Schneidkanten, zu 43 Cutting edges, too 43
4646: Ankerkopf, zu 8 Anchor head, too 8th
4747: Mantelmischer, zu 46 Sheath mixer, too 46
4848: Auspressschlitze, zu 47 Squeeze slots, too 47
4949: Schneidkanten, zu 48 Cutting edges, too 48
5050: Ankerkopf, zu 1, 8 Anchor head, too 1 . 8th
5151: Mantelmischer, zu 1, 8 Sheath mixer, too 1 . 8th
5252: Auspresskerben, zu 51 Extrusion notches, too 51
5353: Fangraum, zu 51 Catching area, too 51
5454: Schneidkanten, zu 52 Cutting edges, too 52
5555: Ankerkopf, zu 1, 8 Anchor head, too 1 . 8th
5656: Mantelmischer, zu 1, 8 Sheath mixer, too 1 . 8th
5757: Auspressbohrungen, Ebene 1, zu 56 Drill holes, level 1 , too 56
5858: Fangraum, zu 56 Catching area, too 56
5959: Auspressbohrungen, Ebene 2, zu 56 Drill holes, level 2 , too 56
6060: Schneidkanten, zu 57, 59 Cutting edges, too 57 . 59
6161: Rohrabschnitt, zu 8 Pipe section, too 8th
6262: Rohrabschnitt, zu 8 Pipe section, too 8th
6363: Rohrabschnitt, zu 8 Pipe section, too 8th
6464: Drahtgeflecht, zu 63 Wire mesh, too 63
6565: Haftfläche, zu 63 Adhesive surface, too 63
6666: Nano- oder Hochfrequenzkleber, zu 63, 64 Nano or high frequency adhesive, too 63 . 64
6767: Beschichtung, zu 63 Coating, too 63
6868: Ankerringraum, zu 8, 2 Anchor ring space, too 8th . 2
6969: Freispielanker, zu 1 Free-game anchor, too 1
7070: Patronenlänge, zu 16 Cartridge length, too 16
7171: Ankerhohlraum, zu 8 Anchor cavity, too 8th
7272: Gabelkopf, zu 3 Clevis, too 3
7373: Sicherheitsspannschloß, zu 57 Safety lock, to 57
7474: EHB-Schwerlast-SchienensystemEHB heavy-rail system
7575: Ankerfuß, zu 1, 8.Anchor foot, too 1 . 8th ,
7676: Ankermantel, zu 8.Anchor coat, too 8th ,
7777: Ankerverstärkung, zu 1, 8.Anchor reinforcement, too 1 . 8th ,
E1E1: Ebene 1, zu 7 level 1 , too 7
E2E2: Ebene 2, zu 7 level 2 , too 7

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Cited patent literature

DE 10336043 A1 [0003]
DE 10336040 A1 [0003]
DE 10321175 B3 [0003]
DE 10301968 A1 [0003]
DE 10017763 A1 [0003]
DE 10017751 A1 [0003]
DE 10017750 A1 [0003]
DE 29900432 U1 [0003]
US 4055051 [0003]
DE 3100730 A1 [0003]
DE 102006002215 [0003]
DE 102005004364 [0003]
DE 2006006748 [0003]
DE 102006011652 [0003]

Claims

Hollow bar composite anchors designed as cartridge-type parent clamping sleeves spiral mixing anchors ( 1 ), can be used as a two-phase anchor in mining, tunnel, underground and rock construction, with at least partially in an anchor tube ( 8th ) embedded one-, two-component cartridge adhesive ( 16 ), or a pre-assembled pressure-sensitive adhesive ( 25 ), at least one mating head side provided sheath mixer ( 10 . 44 . 47 . 51 . 56 ) with a bursting valve ( 24 ) as well as at least one Ankerfußseitig positioned extrusion piston ( 17 ), wherein the anchor tube ( 8th ) of the cartridge nut sleeve spiral mixing anchor ( 1 ), with a welded-on, single or multi-start mixer spiral ( 14 ) or GEWI scales ( 15 ), if necessary with a tensioned wire net profile ( 53 ) and filled with corundum or steel gravel nano- or high-frequency adhesive ( 55 ), or other admixed fillers and the tensioning path ( 35 ) of the hollow bar composite anchor ( 1 ) of the nut clamping sleeve ( 4 ) with the anchor beam ( 3 ) is recorded so that no accident-causing protrusion of the anchor hollow rod ( 1 ), in the driving and transport route of the route or tunnel driving arises.
Hollow bar composite anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that below the scraper bit ( 9 ) in the shell mixer ( 10 . 44 . 47 . 51 . 56 ) in the anchor tube ( 65 ) a controlled squeezing process without internal channels, holes with step or stair mixers and supply lines, with symmetrical ( 39 ) or asymmetrically formed one- or two-sided ejection openings ( 43 ) as well as squeezing slots ( 48 ) for the volume of adhesive ( 22 ) is made possible with the ejection openings, ( 39 . 43 . 48 ) Slots ( 48 ), Notches ( 52 ) and holes ( 57 ) larger in area than the cross-section of the adhesive cartridge ( 16 ) are formed and with the knife-like cutting edges ( 40 . 45 . 49 . 54 . 60 ) the adhesive and hardener hose ( 19 ), the high-pressure squeezing process ensures that the squeezed out ziamonikaartig pushed adhesive and hardener hose ( 19 ) in the trap ( 20 ) of the jacket mixer ( 10 . 44 . 47 . 51 . 56 ) is recorded.
Hollow bar anchor according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the hexagonal, statically determined anchor crossbeam ( 3 ) with three sides in the mountains ( 26 ) clawed and with three other pages area specific to the mountains ( 26 ) is supported so that with an integrated clamping element ( 27 ) the applied anchor preload with the nut clamping sleeve ( 4 ) of a ball socket ( 6 ), also the tensioning path ( 35 ) is so movably received that with the response of the shear-off ( 5 ) in the nut clamping sleeve ( 4 ) the clamping process with the clamping path ( 35 ) for the hollow bar composite anchor ( 1 ) is terminated.
Hollow bar anchor according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the pressure-sensitive adhesive ( 25 ) stored hardener at a predetermined pressure via a bursting valve ( 24 ) in the shell mixer ( 10 . 44 . 47 . 51 . 56 ), with the mixer spirals ( 14 ) and the GEWI scales ( 15 ) on the anchor tube ( 8th ) in the anchor ring space ( 68 ), in the clefts and clefts of the cut mountain strata ( 26 ) to the anchor hole ( 28 ) and for Dünnbettaushärtung ( 32 ).
Hollow bar anchor according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the hollow bar composite anchor ( 1 ) with a preselected subset of the print ( 20 ) or cartridge adhesive, ( 33 ) as a free-game anchor ( 69 ) according to the mountain strata encountered ( 16 ), with a variably adjusted adhesive volume ( 22 ) or by an adapted cartridge length ( 70 ).
Hollow bar composite anchor according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the hollow bar composite anchor ( 1 ) with a shear protection ( 6 ), which only the anchor tube ( 8th ) and the nut clamping sleeve ( 4 ) and the armature cavity ( 71 ) for subsequent reinforcement with an additional cartridge and anchor rod free.
Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the hollow bar composite anchor ( 1 ) with the welded mixer spiral ( 14 ) or GEWI scales ( 15 ) before curing the adhesive mixture ( 16 . 25 ) with the initiated rotational movement through the carriage during the Auspressvorganges the adhesive volume ( 22 ), in the anchor hole ( 2 ), as mixer rod ( 13 ) in the anchor ring space ( 68 ) with an extruder effect and thereby no nip pressure in the mountain layers ( 26 ) is formed.
Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that with the sudden mixing of the squeezed adhesive cartridge ( 16 ) or pressure-sensitive adhesive ( 25 ) in an antechamber ( 18 ), in front of the inserted hollow bar composite anchor ( 1 ) in the anchor hole ( 2 ) the adhesive volume ( 22 ) for the anchor ring space ( 60 ) between the hollow bar composite anchor ( 1 ) and the anchor hole ( 2 ) is formed and the with the einschiebenden rotational movement of the hollow rod composite anchor ( 1 ) through the drill carriage, the mixing of the adhesive volume ( 22 ) from the partially formed antechamber ( 18 ) in the Ankeringraum ( 68 ) flows while the extrusion piston ( 17 ) under high pressure ( 23 ) in the end position with the pressed ziamonikaartig pushed adhesive and hardener hose ( 19 ) in the catching area ( 20 ) of the jacket mixer ( 10 . 44 . 47 . 51 . 56 ), acts as a gate valve.
Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that with the single or multi-start, welded mixer spirals ( 14 ) or GEWI scales ( 15 ) the adhesive cartridge ( 16 ) or the pressure glue ( 25 ) during the pressing process to the anchor foot ( 64 ) is mixed with the rotational movement and with the extruder pressure generated in the anchor ring space by the opposite rotational movement ( 68 ), a better cross-linking and filling of all fissures and fissures, in the truncated mountain strata ( 26 ) is achieved.