DE102010005890A1 - Exhaust-gas treatment device for use as e.g. nitrogen oxide filter in exhaust line of waste gas system to clean nitrogen oxide from internal combustion engine, has filter bodies extending between housing sections over width of cabinet - Google Patents
Exhaust-gas treatment device for use as e.g. nitrogen oxide filter in exhaust line of waste gas system to clean nitrogen oxide from internal combustion engine, has filter bodies extending between housing sections over width of cabinet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102010005890A1 DE102010005890A1 DE102010005890A DE102010005890A DE102010005890A1 DE 102010005890 A1 DE102010005890 A1 DE 102010005890A1 DE 102010005890 A DE102010005890 A DE 102010005890A DE 102010005890 A DE102010005890 A DE 102010005890A DE 102010005890 A1 DE102010005890 A1 DE 102010005890A1
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- Prior art keywords
- treatment device
- exhaust
- housing
- filter
- exhaust treatment
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy the devices using heat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0002—Casings; Housings; Frame constructions
- B01D46/0005—Mounting of filtering elements within casings, housings or frames
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
- F01N3/0224—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being granular
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
- F01N3/0228—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being made of foamed rubber or plastics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy the devices using heat
- F01N5/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy the devices using heat the device being thermoelectric generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/22—Metal foam
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Abgasbehandlungsvorrichtung, insbesondere zur Reinigung von Abgasen einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine.The invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment device, in particular for the purification of exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine.
Derartige Abgasbehandlungsvorrichtungen, bei denen es sich beispielsweise um Dieselpartikelfilter oder um Katalysatoren, zum Beispiel zur NOx-Reduzierung, handeln kann, sind in die Abgasleitung eingesetzt, sodass das gesamte Abgas die Abgasbehandlungsvorrichtung durchströmen muss. Dabei wird das Abgas gezwungen, ein poröses Substrat zu passieren, das eine Filterwirkung hat und/oder mittels einer chemischen aktiven Beschichtung eine katalytisch aktivierte chemische Reaktion bewirkt. Derartige poröse Substrate gibt es mittlerweile in vielen Formen und aus unterschiedlichen Materialien. Neben Keramiken kommen zunehmend auch Substrate aus Metallschäumen oder Metallschwämmen zum Einsatz. All diesen Substraten ist gemeinsam, dass sie relativ spröde und relativ unelastisch sind.Such exhaust gas treatment devices, which may be, for example, diesel particulate filters or catalysts, for example for NO x reduction, are inserted into the exhaust gas line, so that the entire exhaust gas has to flow through the exhaust gas treatment device. In this case, the exhaust gas is forced to pass through a porous substrate which has a filtering effect and / or causes a catalytically activated chemical reaction by means of a chemical active coating. Such porous substrates are now available in many forms and from different materials. In addition to ceramics, substrates made of metal foams or metal sponges are increasingly being used. All these substrates have in common that they are relatively brittle and relatively inelastic.
Zur Erfüllung der strengen EU6-Abgasnorm sind Filterkörper mit höherem Volumen als bei bisherigen Abgasbehandlungsvorrichtungen erforderlich, um die dort geforderten Grenzwerte der Belastung insbesondere durch Rußpartikel und Stickoxide einhalten zu können.To comply with the strict EU6 emissions standard filter bodies are required with a higher volume than in previous exhaust gas treatment devices in order to comply with the required limit values of the load, in particular by soot particles and nitrogen oxides.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine einfach zu fertigende Abgasbehandlungsvorrichtung vorzustellen, die in ihrer Filterwirkung auf einfache Weise angepasst werden kann.The object of the invention is to provide an easy-to-manufacture exhaust treatment device that can be easily adapted in their filtering effect.
Dies wird bei einer Abgasvorrichtung erreicht, indem wenigstens zwei abgasdurchströmte, entlang einer axialen Richtung der Vorrichtung gesehen mit Abstand übereinander in einem Gehäuse angeordnete, flache, plattenförmige Filterkörper vorgesehen sind, die sich mit ihren Längsrändern an gegenüberliegenden Gehäuseabschnitten entlang und an den Längsrändern im Wesentlichen über die gesamte Breite des Gehäuses zwischen den Gehäuseabschnitten erstrecken. Die Filterkörper selbst müssen nicht speziell umgeformt werden, sie können einfach aus plattenförmigen Substraten ausgeschnitten und so ohne weitere formgebende Bearbeitung an beliebige Gehäusegrößen angepasst werden. Die plattenförmigen Filterkörper sind auch gegebenenfalls schnell und kostengünstig mit einer katalytisch wirkenden Beschichtung versehbar. Da die Filterkörper direkt nach Zuschnitt und optionaler Beschichtung in das Gehäuse eingesetzt werden können, reduziert sich der Montageaufwand gegenüber bekannten Systemen.This is achieved in an exhaust gas device in that at least two exhaust gas-flowed, along an axial direction of the device seen at a distance superimposed in a housing, flat, plate-shaped filter body are provided, which with its longitudinal edges at opposite housing sections along and at the longitudinal edges substantially over extend the entire width of the housing between the housing sections. The filter body itself need not be specially formed, they can be easily cut out of plate-shaped substrates and adapted to any housing sizes without further shaping processing. The plate-shaped filter body are also optionally fast and inexpensive providable with a catalytically active coating. Since the filter body can be used directly after cutting and optional coating in the housing, the assembly costs compared to known systems reduced.
Das Volumen der Filterkörper ist sowohl über die Fläche als auch die Dicke des Filterkörpers leicht skalierbar.The volume of the filter body is easily scalable over both the area and the thickness of the filter body.
Vorzugsweise besteht der Filterkörper aus einem Metallschaum, Metallschwamm oder einer metallischen Hohlkugelstruktur. Derartige Substrate sind leicht und langlebig. Ihre Porengrößen sind so wählbar, dass eine genügende Filterwirkung bei gleichzeitiger ausreichender Durchströmrate durch die Abgasbehandlungsvorrichtung erzielt werden kann.Preferably, the filter body consists of a metal foam, metal sponge or a metallic hollow sphere structure. Such substrates are light and durable. Their pore sizes are selectable so that a sufficient filter effect can be achieved with sufficient flow rate through the exhaust gas treatment device.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist das Gehäuse einen Gaseinlass auf, der in einen Zwischenraum zwischen den Filterkörpern mündet, und jeweils einen radial außerhalb jedes der Filterkörper angeordneten Abströmraum. Das gesamte Abgas wird dabei aus der Abgasleitung zwischen die Filterkörper eingeleitet, strömt durch die Filterkörper radial nach außen in die Abströmräume und wird von diesen wieder in die Abgasleitung abgeleitet.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the housing has a gas inlet, which opens into an intermediate space between the filter bodies, and in each case one outflow space arranged radially outside each of the filter bodies. The entire exhaust gas is introduced from the exhaust pipe between the filter body, flows through the filter body radially outward into the outflow chambers and is derived from these again in the exhaust pipe.
Vorzugsweise gehen die Abströmräume in axialer Richtung in einen Ringraum über, der strömungsmäßig mit einem Gasauslass verbunden ist. Dieser ist wiederum mit der Abgasleitung strömungsmäßig verbunden. Durch das Vorsehen des Ringraums wird eine gleichmäßigere Durchströmung der Abgasbehandlungsvorrichtung erreicht.Preferably, the outflow spaces in the axial direction in an annular space, which is connected in terms of flow with a gas outlet. This in turn is fluidly connected to the exhaust pipe. By providing the annular space, a more uniform flow through the exhaust gas treatment device is achieved.
Das Gehäuse kann an seinem gasauslassseitigen Ende so geformt sein, dass einzelne Strömungskanäle gebildet sind, durch die das Abgas zum Gasauslass strömt. Auf diese Weise lässt sich eine günstige Strömung durch die Abgasbehandlungsvorrichtung erzielen, die das Durchströmverhalten verbessert.The housing may be formed at its gas outlet end so that individual flow channels are formed, through which the exhaust gas flows to the gas outlet. In this way, a favorable flow through the exhaust treatment device can be achieved, which improves the Durchströmverhalten.
Vorzugsweise ist das Gehäuse an seinem gasauslassseitigen Ende abschnittsweise radial einwärts umgeformt, sodass einzelne Strömungskanäle gebildet sind. In diesem Fall kann die Strömung aus dem Ringraum in einzelne Strömungskanäle, beispielsweise vier Strömungskanäle, aufgeteilt und von jedem der Strömungskanäle separat in den Gasauslass und damit in die Abgasleitung eingeleitet werden.Preferably, the housing is partially radially inwardly deformed at its gas outlet side end, so that individual flow channels are formed. In this case, the flow from the annulus can be divided into individual flow channels, for example four flow channels, and introduced separately from each of the flow channels into the gas outlet and thus into the exhaust gas line.
Das Gehäuse kann im Bereich der Filterkörper einen im Wesentlichen rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweisen. Dies erlaubt es, rechteckige Filterkörper einzusetzen, was die Fertigung von Gehäuse und Filterkörper vereinfacht. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, die Gehäuseform zu variieren und beispielsweise einen ovalen Querschnitt zu realisieren.The housing may have a substantially rectangular cross-section in the region of the filter body. This makes it possible to use rectangular filter body, which simplifies the manufacture of housing and filter body. However, it is also possible to vary the housing shape and to realize, for example, an oval cross-section.
Vorzugsweise weist das Gehäuse zwei im Wesentlichen ebene Deckelabschnitte auf, deren Breite insbesondere im Wesentlichen der Breite der Filterkörper entspricht. Das Gehäuse ist also nur unwesentlich breiter als die Filterkörper ausgeführt, wobei die zusätzliche Breite hauptsächlich der Befestigung der Filterkörper im Gehäuse Rechnung tragen kann. Das Gehäuse kann im Wesentlichen als langgestreckter Quader ausgebildet sein, was die Anordnung der Abgasbehandlungsvorrichtung im begrenzten, im Abgassystem zur Verfügung stehenden Platz erleichtert.Preferably, the housing has two substantially flat lid portions whose width corresponds in particular substantially to the width of the filter body. The housing is thus made only slightly wider than the filter body, the additional width can mainly take into account the attachment of the filter body in the housing. The housing can essentially as elongated cuboid be formed, which facilitates the arrangement of the exhaust treatment device in the limited space available in the exhaust system.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind die Filterkörper parallel zueinander und parallel zu der axialen Richtung der Abgasbehandlungsvorrichtung angeordnet.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the filter bodies are arranged parallel to one another and parallel to the axial direction of the exhaust gas treatment device.
In einer anderen bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist zumindest einer der beiden Filterkörper so angeordnet, dass sich der Abstand der Filterkörper entlang der axialen Richtung verringert, der Filterkörper also gegenüber dem zweiten Filterkörper in einer Raumrichtung, nämlich bezüglich der axialen Richtung gekippt ist. Senkrecht zur axialen Richtung, also in Richtung der Breite des Gehäuses, sind die Platten jedoch zueinander parallel. Auch in diesem Fall ist es möglich, ein quaderförmiges Gehäuse mit flachen Deckelabschnitten einzusetzen.In another preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one of the two filter bodies is arranged so that the distance of the filter body along the axial direction decreases, the filter body is thus tilted relative to the second filter body in a spatial direction, namely with respect to the axial direction. Perpendicular to the axial direction, ie in the direction of the width of the housing, the plates are, however, parallel to each other. Also in this case, it is possible to use a cuboid housing with flat lid sections.
Am Gehäuse kann wenigstens ein thermoelektrisches Generatormodul angeordnet sein, sodass die Wärmeenergie des Abgasstroms zur Erzeugung von elektrischer Energie eingesetzt werden kann. In diesem Fall ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn das Gehäuse ebene Deckelabschnitte aufweist, die eine möglichst große Fläche haben sollten, da sich dort die thermoelektrischen Generatormodule besonders gut anbringen lassen.At least one thermoelectric generator module can be arranged on the housing so that the heat energy of the exhaust gas flow can be used to generate electrical energy. In this case, it is particularly advantageous if the housing has flat cover sections which should have the largest possible area, since the thermoelectric generator modules can be attached there particularly well.
Zur gezielten Aufteilung des Abgasstromes auf die beiden Filterkörper ist es möglich, zwischen den beiden Filterkörpern eine Verteilerplatte anzuordnen, die so ausgebildet ist, dass sie die Gasströmung zu den Filterkörpern hin lenkt.For the targeted division of the exhaust gas flow to the two filter body, it is possible to arrange a distributor plate between the two filter bodies, which is designed so that it directs the gas flow to the filter bodies out.
Die Verteilerplatte kann im Wesentlichen eben ausgebildet sein und mehrere aus der Ebene herausgebogene Laschen zur Gasleitung aufweisen oder ein anderes ähnliches geeignetes Design. Eine derartige Verteilerplatte ist einfach zu fertigen und hat nur ein geringes Gewicht. Durch sie lässt sich aber die Abgasströmung effektiv günstig beeinflussen.The distributor plate may be formed substantially flat and have a plurality of out of plane bent tabs to the gas line or other similar suitable design. Such a distributor plate is easy to manufacture and has only a low weight. Through them, however, the exhaust gas flow can effectively influence low.
Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung mehrerer Ausführungsbeispiele in Verbindung mit den beigefügten Zeichnungen. In diesen zeigen:Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of several embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In these show:
In
Die Abgasbehandlungsvorrichtung
Die Abgasbehandlungsvorrichtung
Im Inneren des Gehäuses
Die beiden Filterkörper
Der Gaseinlass
Aus den beiden Abströmräumen
Der Ringraum
Die Filterkörper
Auf der Gasauslassseite ist eine entsprechende Konstruktion aus einem Trägerblech
Im Gegensatz zum Trägerblech
Das Gehäuse
Bei der in
In der Verteilerplatte
Bei der in
In axialer Richtung x gesehen verschmälert sich der Zwischenraum
Bei den hier gezeigten Beispielen sind beide Filterkörper
Sämtliche Merkmale der einzelnen Ausführungsformen lassen sich im Ermessen des Fachmanns gegeneinander austauschen oder separat voneinander verwirklichen. Insbesondere kann eine Verteilerplatte
Der Gehäusequerschnitt kann auch beispielsweise oval ausgeführt sein.The housing cross-section can also be designed, for example, oval.
Thermoelektrische Generatormodule
Claims (13)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102010005890A DE102010005890A1 (en) | 2010-01-27 | 2010-01-27 | Exhaust-gas treatment device for use as e.g. nitrogen oxide filter in exhaust line of waste gas system to clean nitrogen oxide from internal combustion engine, has filter bodies extending between housing sections over width of cabinet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102010005890A DE102010005890A1 (en) | 2010-01-27 | 2010-01-27 | Exhaust-gas treatment device for use as e.g. nitrogen oxide filter in exhaust line of waste gas system to clean nitrogen oxide from internal combustion engine, has filter bodies extending between housing sections over width of cabinet |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE102010005890A1 true DE102010005890A1 (en) | 2011-07-28 |
Family
ID=44315566
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE102010005890A Withdrawn DE102010005890A1 (en) | 2010-01-27 | 2010-01-27 | Exhaust-gas treatment device for use as e.g. nitrogen oxide filter in exhaust line of waste gas system to clean nitrogen oxide from internal combustion engine, has filter bodies extending between housing sections over width of cabinet |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE102010005890A1 (en) |
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2010
- 2010-01-27 DE DE102010005890A patent/DE102010005890A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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