EP1728984B2 - Exhaust system - Google Patents

Exhaust system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1728984B2
EP1728984B2 EP06111902.0A EP06111902A EP1728984B2 EP 1728984 B2 EP1728984 B2 EP 1728984B2 EP 06111902 A EP06111902 A EP 06111902A EP 1728984 B2 EP1728984 B2 EP 1728984B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
scr
housing
exhaust gas
module
catalytic converter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP06111902.0A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1728984A3 (en
EP1728984A2 (en
EP1728984B1 (en
Inventor
Siegfried Wörner
Rudolf Buhmann
Rainer Lehnen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eberspaecher Exhaust Technology GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Eberspaecher Exhaust Technology GmbH and Co KG
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Application filed by Eberspaecher Exhaust Technology GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Eberspaecher Exhaust Technology GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1728984A2 publication Critical patent/EP1728984A2/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/08—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/24—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using sound-absorbing materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0093—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are of the same type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/011—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel
    • F01N13/017—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1805—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body
    • F01N13/1811—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body with means permitting relative movement, e.g. compensation of thermal expansion or vibration
    • F01N13/1816—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body with means permitting relative movement, e.g. compensation of thermal expansion or vibration the pipe sections being joined together by flexible tubular elements only, e.g. using bellows or strip-wound pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
    • F01N3/0253—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/04—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N9/002—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus of filter regeneration, e.g. detection of clogging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2230/00—Combination of silencers and other devices
    • F01N2230/04—Catalytic converters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
    • F01N2560/026—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting NOx
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/11—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance or part of the dosing system being cooled
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine, in particular in a motor vehicle, having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • exhaust systems of the internal combustion engines are equipped with exhaust gas treatment devices.
  • an exhaust gas treatment device is, for example, an SCR catalyst, where SCR stands for Selective Catalytic Reduction.
  • SCR catalysts are used to reduce nitrogen oxides (NO x ) with the help of urea.
  • exhaust gas treatment devices are known, which are designed as a particle filter. Particulate filters are mainly used in diesel engines and serve to separate the particles entrained in the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas.
  • the DE 102 43 270 A1 is an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine, in particular in a motor vehicle, known, which has an SCR module and a PF module.
  • the SCR module includes at least one SCR catalyst element in an SCR housing connected to an exhaust line.
  • the PF module contains at least one particle filter element in a PF housing connected to the exhaust gas line upstream of the SCR housing and at least one pre-oxidation catalyst element.
  • a fuel metering device is provided with which a fuel upstream of the at least one particle filter element can be introduced into the exhaust gas stream.
  • the pre-oxidation catalyst element is formed by a catalytic coating of the particulate filter element.
  • a device which contains in a housing a catalytic cleaning device and a particulate filter, wherein the section containing the particulate filter is made interchangeable.
  • an exhaust system that has a particulate reduction unit, a reducing agent tank and a modular construction of a nitrogen oxide reduction unit.
  • the present invention is concerned with the problem of providing an improved embodiment for an exhaust system of the aforementioned type, which is characterized in particular by the fact that it can be adapted particularly easily to different emission values to be complied with. In particular, a maintenance of the exhaust system should be simplified.
  • the invention is based on the general idea of constructing the exhaust system modular, so that the exhaust system at least a first module, e.g. an SCR module, as well as a second module, e.g. a PF module, where PF stands for particulate filter.
  • a first module e.g. an SCR module
  • a second module e.g. a PF module
  • PF stands for particulate filter.
  • These modules are mutually separate and independent units, which are each manufactured and installed in the exhaust system.
  • the modular exhaust system is characterized by a high degree of flexibility with regard to its adaptability to different emission requirements. For example, if not part of the invention, particulate removal from the exhaust gases is not required for a particular application, for example a gasoline engine or a natural gas engine, for example the PF module may be omitted or modified to e.g. works as a muffler.
  • the SCR module can be dispensed with;
  • the SCR module may be modified to include particulate reducing elements rather than SCR catalyst elements, such that the SCR module may be used in addition to or as an alternative to the PF module for particulate removal from the exhaust gases.
  • the modular exhaust system according to the invention offers the possibility of simple retrofitting or retrofitting of the individual modules or the entire exhaust system.
  • the center section of the PF housing can be removed separately so that the pre-oxidation catalyst element in the inlet section can remain.
  • the maintenance or replacement of the particulate filter element can thereby be realized cheaper.
  • FIG. 1 shows a partially sectioned side view of a particular embodiment of an exhaust system according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows an inventive exhaust system 1 for an internal combustion engine, not shown, in particular a motor vehicle.
  • the exhaust system 1 according to the invention is used in diesel engines in commercial vehicles, such as buses and trucks.
  • the exhaust system 1 can be constructed with the aid of a modular system according to the invention.
  • This module system includes this a first module 2 and a second module 3 and at least one connecting pipe 4.
  • the first module 2 has a first housing 5, in which at least a first exhaust gas treatment element 6 is arranged.
  • the first housing 5 has a first exhaust gas inlet 7 and a first exhaust gas outlet 8, via which the first housing 5 can be connected to an exhaust gas line of the exhaust system 1, not shown here.
  • This exhaust gas line leads the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine from the internal combustion engine into the environment.
  • the modular system comprises for the first exhaust gas treatment element 6 different variants, which are alternatively and in particular interchangeable in the first housing 2 can be mounted in the construction of the first module 2 and the exhaust system 1.
  • the variants of the first exhaust gas treatment element 6 are at least one SCR catalyst element and a PM catalyst element.
  • PM stands for particle-reducing.
  • a PM catalyst element is a particle-reducing element which acts as a particle when it flows through and works with open channels. The entrained in the exhaust gas flow particles are deposited on walls of the channels of the PM catalyst element, without causing the risk of clogging of the channels of the PM catalyst element. In catalytically active channel walls, under certain conditions, the deposited particles are oxidized. As a result, the PM catalyst element can be permanently regenerated passively.
  • the first module 2 can thus be configured as an SCR module or as a particle-reducing module depending on the selected variant for the first exhaust gas treatment element 6.
  • the second module 3 has a second housing 9 which serves to receive at least one second exhaust gas treatment element 10.
  • the second housing 9 has a second exhaust gas inlet 11 and a second exhaust gas outlet 12, via which the second housing 9 can be connected to the exhaust gas line.
  • the module system comprises a plurality of different variants, which are alternatively and preferably replaceable in the second housing 9 can be mounted.
  • variants of the second exhaust treatment element 10 include, for example, a wall-flow particulate filter element.
  • a wall-flow particulate filter element In contrast to a PM catalyst element has a wall-flow particulate filter element closed channels, so that the exhaust gas flow is forced to flow through porous channel walls.
  • the particles are filtered out and stored in the wall material.
  • the wall-flow particle filter element gradually increases and therefore has to be regenerated permanently or at intervals.
  • a wall-flow particle filter element In contrast to a PM catalyst element, a wall-flow particle filter element has the disadvantage that its flow resistance can generally rise sharply, but the separation efficiency for particles in the wall-flow particle filter element is generally much greater than for a PM catalyst element. Furthermore, the variants of the second exhaust treatment element, a PM catalyst element and / or a silencer element and / or an oxidation catalyst element.
  • the two modules 2, 3 can now be interconnected, in which the connecting pipe 4 connects the second exhaust gas outlet 12 with the first exhaust gas inlet 7.
  • Fig. 1 is symbolized with arrows 13 an exhaust gas flow, the exhaust system 1 flows through during operation of the internal combustion engine.
  • the first module 2 is arranged downstream of the second module 3 in the exhaust line.
  • the first module 2 is designed as an SCR module, which will also be referred to below as 2.
  • the first exhaust gas treatment element 6 is preferably an SCR catalytic converter element, which will also be referred to below as 6.
  • the respective SCR catalyst element 6 may be, for example, a vanadium-based or vanadium-free catalyst or may have a correspondingly coated carrier, for example of cordierite or of metal, or may be configured as a bulk extrudate.
  • a cross-mixing can be achieved, which improves a distribution and mixing of the reducing agent over the catalyst cross-section.
  • this cross-mixing can improve the NO x reduction in the SCR catalytic converter element 6 and, on the other hand, the amount of urea which can be used SCR catalyst element 6 flows through without reaction, can be reduced.
  • the second module 3 is a PF module, which is also referred to below as 3.
  • PF stands for particle filter.
  • the second housing 9 is also referred to below as the PF housing 9.
  • the second exhaust gas treatment element 10 is a particle filter element, which will also be referred to below as 10.
  • the term particle filter includes any devices that have a particle-reducing effect when they flow through.
  • the term particulate filter element thus comprises the wall-flow particulate filter elements described above and the PM catalyst elements.
  • the particulate filter element 10 configured as a wall-flow particulate filter element may optionally consist of cordierite, sintered metal, sillicium carbide or another suitable filter material.
  • the exhaust system 1 thus comprises the SCR module 2 and the PF module 3 arranged upstream therefrom, the two modules 2, 3 being connected to one another via the connecting pipe 4.
  • the two modules 2, 3 of the modular system are matched in terms of their function and mode of action on each other, so that the two modules 2, 3 are preferably used simultaneously and installed in an exhaust system 1.
  • the connecting pipe 4 has at least one decoupling element 14, which is designed so that the two housings 5, 9 are mechanically decoupled from each other.
  • the two housings 5, 9 for example, perform relative movements to each other, without causing damage to the connecting pipe 4 or one of the housing 5, 9 comes. Such relative movements may occur during operation of the vehicle equipped with the exhaust system 1.
  • the decoupling element 14 can compensate thermal expansion effects that arise because the exhaust system 1 can expand during operation due to the high temperatures that occur.
  • Decoupling element 14 may be, for example, a flexible corrugated pipe, which is inserted here into connecting pipe 4. Accordingly, the decoupling element 14 and the corrugated pipe between two adjoining sections 15, 16 of the connecting pipe 4. Due to the expected high temperatures, the corrugated pipe (decoupling 14) preferably of a suitable metal. The corrugated tube 14 is connected via round bottle 17 with the sections 15, 16 of the connecting pipe 4.
  • the SCR module 2 here comprises a urea metering device 18, with the aid of which urea upstream of the at least one SCR catalyst element 6 can be introduced into the exhaust gas flow 13.
  • a urea dosing 18 only one injection nozzle 19 for introducing the urea is shown here, which is arranged in the region of the first exhaust gas inlet 7.
  • the SCR module 2 also has a mixing section 20 in the SCR housing 5, which extends between the inlet point for the urea, that is, between the injection nozzle 19 and the at least one SCR catalyst element 6 in the SCR housing 5.
  • the inlet pipe 21 connects the first exhaust gas inlet 7 with the inlet chamber 22 within the SCR housing 5.
  • At least one passive mixing element may be arranged, which causes intensive mixing of the introduced urea with the exhaust gas flow 13 when it flows around or through the flow.
  • the exhaust gases thus pass from the first exhaust gas inlet 7 via the inlet pipe 21 into the inlet chamber 22.
  • the exhaust gases pass through the at least one SCR catalytic converter element 6 into a collecting chamber 23.
  • the collecting chamber 23 is separated from the outlet chamber by a gas-permeable partition wall 24 25 separately.
  • the gas permeability of this partition wall 24 is achieved, for example via corresponding passage openings or by a porous configuration of the partition wall 24.
  • From the outlet chamber 25, the exhaust gas stream 13 passes through an outlet pipe 26 to the first exhaust gas outlet 8.
  • the SCR housing 5 additionally contains here a damper chamber 27, which contains a damper material 28 and which is arranged between the inlet chamber 22 and the outlet chamber 25.
  • the outlet pipe 26, the inlet pipe 21 and the at least one SCR catalyst element 6 are passed through this damper chamber 27.
  • the outlet pipe 26 is designed to be permeable to airborne sound within the damper chamber 27.
  • a section of the outlet tube 26 extending in the damper chamber 27 is provided with a perforation 29 for this purpose.
  • the SCR module 2 expediently contains a plurality of SCR catalyst elements 6, which are arranged parallel to one another and can be flowed through in parallel by the exhaust gas flow 13.
  • the SCR module 2 may be equipped with a sensor not shown here, which is designed in particular so that in the exhaust stream 13, a temperature, a NO x content and an NH 3 content can be measured.
  • the SCR module 2 also comprises an exhaust gas cooling device 30.
  • the exhaust gas cooling device 30 is downstream of the at least one Arranged SCR catalyst element 6 and serves to cool the exiting from the first exhaust gas outlet 8 exhaust gases.
  • the exhaust gas cooling device 30 is arranged in the region of the outlet pipe 26.
  • the exhaust gas cooling device 30 can for this purpose have a nozzle arrangement 31, which is arranged in the outlet pipe 26.
  • the nozzle arrangement 31 can be designed as an annular nozzle and can in particular be integrated into a wall of the outlet pipe 26.
  • a suitable coolant can be introduced into the exhaust gas flow 13.
  • the coolant is ambient air; however, other coolants are also conceivable.
  • the exhaust gas cooling device 30 may also be equipped with a cooling channel through which a coolant can flow.
  • This cooling channel can e.g. be coupled with a wall of the outlet tube 6 heat transfer or integrated into this wall.
  • the coolant is then a liquid coolant;
  • the cooling channel can be connected to a cooling circuit of the internal combustion engine.
  • the PF module 3 may be equipped with a fuel metering device 32, of which only one injection nozzle 33 is shown here.
  • a fuel for example the fuel of the internal combustion engine, can be introduced into the exhaust gas flow 13 upstream of the at least one particle filter element 10.
  • a fuel supply is needed in particular when to initiate an active regeneration of the particulate filter element 10, the temperature of the particulate filter element 10 has to be increased to a starting temperature at which burnup of the particulate loading of the particulate filter element 10 begins.
  • the particle filter element 10 can be made catalytically active.
  • At least one pre-oxidation catalytic converter element 34 is arranged in the PF housing 9 upstream of the at least one particle filter element 10, is preferred. The introduction of the fuel then takes place upstream of this pre-oxidation catalyst element 34.
  • the at least one pre-oxidation catalyst element 34 thus serves as a catalytic burner during active regeneration of the particle filter element 10.
  • the pre-oxidation catalyst element 34 can also serve as a conventional oxidation catalyst.
  • it may serve as a NO 2 catalyst to assist in continuous regeneration of the particulate filter element 10.
  • the pre-oxidation catalyst element 34 makes it possible to improve the NO-absorbing action of the SCR module 2.
  • the PF module 3 has at least one post-oxidation catalyst element 35 disposed in the PF housing 9 downstream of the at least one particulate filter element 10.
  • the post-oxidation catalytic converter element 35 With the aid of the post-oxidation catalytic converter element 35, fuel residues which have not been completely or not completely reacted when the particle filter element 10 is heated up are to be oxidized.
  • the at least one post-oxidation catalyst element 35 may contribute to an improvement in the function of the SCR module 2.
  • the PF module 3 may be equipped with a sensor 36, by means of which, in particular, the temperature in the exhaust gas flow 13 and / or a differential pressure measurement on the at least one particle filter element 10 can be carried out. By means of the differential pressure measurement, the loading state of the particle filter element 10 can be determined.
  • the PF housing 9 has a central portion 37 which is arranged between an inlet section 38 and an outlet section 39.
  • the inlet section 38 comprises the second exhaust gas inlet 11 and, as here, additionally contains the at least one pre-oxidation catalytic converter element 34.
  • the outlet section 39 has the second exhaust gas outlet 12 and may additionally contain the at least one post-oxidation catalytic converter element 35.
  • the middle section 37 contains the at least one particle filter element 10 and is fastened interchangeably at the inlet section 38 and at the outlet section 39 by means of fastening elements 40.
  • a damaged or outdated particulate filter element 10 can be particularly easily replaced by a new one, since the central portion 37 can be particularly easily removed without the entire PF module 3 has to be removed from the exhaust system 1.
  • This also makes the particulate filter element 10 particularly easy in the case of the PF module 3 be converted, for example, from a wall-flow particulate filter element in a PM catalyst element and vice versa.
  • the fastening elements 40 are expediently configured as quick-fastening elements. Shown here are configured as clamps fasteners 40, the outwardly projecting, bead-like edge regions on the end faces of the sections 37, 38, 39 to be joined together are formed.
  • the SCR housing 5 and the PF housing 9 can be configured sound-damping, for example by double walls with insulating material arranged therebetween.

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Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Abgasanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere in einem Kraftfahrzeug, mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1.The present invention relates to an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine, in particular in a motor vehicle, having the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Um Schadstoffemission von Brennkraftmaschinen zu reduzieren, sind Abgasanlagen der Brennkraftmaschinen mit Abgasbehandlungseinrichtungen ausgestattet. Eine derartige Abgasbehandlungseinrichtung ist beispielsweise ein SCR-Katalysator, wobei SCR für Selektive Katalytische Reduktion steht. SCR-Katalysatoren werden dazu verwendet, mit Hilfe von Harnstoff Stickoxide (NOx) zu reduzieren. Des Weiteren sind Abgasbehandlungseinrichtungen bekannt, die als Partikelfilter ausgestaltet sind. Partikelfilter kommen hauptsächlich bei Dieselmotoren in Betracht und dienen dazu, die im Abgas mitgeführten Partikel aus dem Abgas abzuscheiden.In order to reduce pollutant emissions from internal combustion engines, exhaust systems of the internal combustion engines are equipped with exhaust gas treatment devices. Such an exhaust gas treatment device is, for example, an SCR catalyst, where SCR stands for Selective Catalytic Reduction. SCR catalysts are used to reduce nitrogen oxides (NO x ) with the help of urea. Furthermore, exhaust gas treatment devices are known, which are designed as a particle filter. Particulate filters are mainly used in diesel engines and serve to separate the particles entrained in the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas.

Aus der DE 102 43 270 A1 ist eine Abgasanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere in einem Kraftfahrzeug, bekannt, die ein SCR-Modul sowie ein PF-Modul aufweist. Das SCR-Modul enthält in einem an einen Abgasstrang angeschlossenen SCR-Gehäuse zumindest ein SCR-Katalysatorelement. Das PF-Modul enthält in einem stromauf des SCR-Gehäuses an den Abgasstrang angeschlossenen PF-Gehäuse wenigstens ein Partikelfilterelement sowie wenigstens ein Pre-Oxidationskatalysatorelement. Ferner ist eine Brennstoffdosiereinrichtung vorgesehen, mit der ein Brennstoff stromauf des wenigstens einen Partikelfilterelements in den Abgasstrom einleitbar ist. Bei der bekannten Abgasanlage ist das Pre-Oxidationskatalysatorelement durch eine katalytische Beschichtung des Partikelfilterelements gebildet.From the DE 102 43 270 A1 is an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine, in particular in a motor vehicle, known, which has an SCR module and a PF module. The SCR module includes at least one SCR catalyst element in an SCR housing connected to an exhaust line. The PF module contains at least one particle filter element in a PF housing connected to the exhaust gas line upstream of the SCR housing and at least one pre-oxidation catalyst element. Furthermore, a fuel metering device is provided with which a fuel upstream of the at least one particle filter element can be introduced into the exhaust gas stream. In the known exhaust system, the pre-oxidation catalyst element is formed by a catalytic coating of the particulate filter element.

Aus der DE 199 59 955 A1 ist eine Einrichtung bekannt, die in einem Gehäuse eine katalytische Reinigungseinrichtung sowie ein Partikelfilter enthält, wobei der das Partikelfilter enthaltende Abschnitt austauschbar ausgestaltet ist.From the DE 199 59 955 A1 a device is known which contains in a housing a catalytic cleaning device and a particulate filter, wherein the section containing the particulate filter is made interchangeable.

Aus der WO 2004/069388 ist eine Abgasanlage bekannt, die eine Partikelverminderungseinheit, einen Reduktionsmitteltank und eine Stickoxidverminderungseinheit in Modulbauweise aufweist.From the WO 2004/069388 For example, an exhaust system is known that has a particulate reduction unit, a reducing agent tank and a modular construction of a nitrogen oxide reduction unit.

Die vorliegende Erfindung beschäftigt sich mit dem Problem, für eine Abgasanlage der eingangs genannten Art eine verbesserte Ausführungsform anzugeben, die sich insbesondere dadurch auszeichnet, dass sie besonders einfach an unterschiedliche Vorgaben einzuhaltender Emissionswerte adaptiert werden kann. Insbesondere soll eine Wartung der Abgasanlage vereinfacht werden.The present invention is concerned with the problem of providing an improved embodiment for an exhaust system of the aforementioned type, which is characterized in particular by the fact that it can be adapted particularly easily to different emission values to be complied with. In particular, a maintenance of the exhaust system should be simplified.

Dieses Problem wird erfindungsgemäß durch den Gegenstand des unabhängigen Anspruchs gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.This problem is solved according to the invention by the subject matter of the independent claim. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung beruht auf dem allgemeinen Gedanken, die Abgasanlage modular aufzubauen, so dass die Abgasanlage zumindest ein erstes Modul, z.B. ein SCR-Modul, sowie ein zweites Modul, z.B. ein PF-Modul, aufweist, wobei PF für Partikelfilter steht. Diese Module bilden voneinander separate und voneinander unabhängige Einheiten, die jeweils für sich hergestellt und in die Abgasanlage eingebaut werden. Die modular aufgebaute Abgasanlage zeichnet sich durch eine hohe Flexibilität im Hinblick auf ihre Anpassbarkeit an unterschiedliche Emissionsanforderungen aus. Wenn beispielsweise, nicht Gegenstand der Erfindung, für eine bestimmte Anwendung eine Partikelabscheidung aus den Abgasen nicht erforderlich ist, beispielsweise bei einem Benzinmotor oder bei einem Erdgasmotor, kann beispielsweise das PF-Modul weggelassen werden oder so modifiziert werden, dass es z.B. als Schalldämpfer arbeitet. Ebenso kann bei anderen Anwendung, bei denen vergleichsweise wenig Stickoxide anfallen, auf das SCR-Modul verzichtet werden; ebenso kann das SCR-Modul dahingehend modifiziert werden, dass es anstelle von SCR-Katalysatorelementen partikelmindernde Elemente enthält, so dass das SCR-Modul zusätzlich oder alternativ zum PF-Modul zur Partikelabscheidung aus den Abgasen genutzt werden kann. Darüber hinaus bietet erfindungsgemäß die modular aufgebaute Abgasanlage die Möglichkeit einer einfachen Nachrüstung oder Umrüstung der einzelnen Module bzw. der gesamten Abgasanlage.The invention is based on the general idea of constructing the exhaust system modular, so that the exhaust system at least a first module, e.g. an SCR module, as well as a second module, e.g. a PF module, where PF stands for particulate filter. These modules are mutually separate and independent units, which are each manufactured and installed in the exhaust system. The modular exhaust system is characterized by a high degree of flexibility with regard to its adaptability to different emission requirements. For example, if not part of the invention, particulate removal from the exhaust gases is not required for a particular application, for example a gasoline engine or a natural gas engine, for example the PF module may be omitted or modified to e.g. works as a muffler. Likewise, in other applications where comparatively little nitrogen oxides are produced, the SCR module can be dispensed with; Similarly, the SCR module may be modified to include particulate reducing elements rather than SCR catalyst elements, such that the SCR module may be used in addition to or as an alternative to the PF module for particulate removal from the exhaust gases. In addition, the modular exhaust system according to the invention offers the possibility of simple retrofitting or retrofitting of the individual modules or the entire exhaust system.

Zum Austauschen des Partikelfilterelements kann der Mittelabschnitt des PF-Gehäuses separat herausgenommen werden, so dass das Pre-Oxidationskatalysatorelement im Eintrittsabschnitt verbleiben kann. Die Wartung bzw. der Austausch des Partikelfilterelements kann dadurch preiswerter realisiert werden.For exchanging the particulate filter element, the center section of the PF housing can be removed separately so that the pre-oxidation catalyst element in the inlet section can remain. The maintenance or replacement of the particulate filter element can thereby be realized cheaper.

Weitere wichtige Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den beigefügten Unteransprüchen.Other important features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the appended subclaims.

Es versteht sich, dass die vorstehend genannten und die nachstehend noch zu erläuternden Merkmale nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenen Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendbar sind, ohne den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zu verlassen, wie sie in den beigefügten Ansprüchen definiert ist.It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the combination given, but also in other combinations or alone, without departing from the scope of the present invention, as defined in the appended claims is.

Ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert.A preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be explained in more detail in the following description.

Die einzige Fig. 1 zeigt eine teilweise geschnittene Seitenansicht einer besonderen Ausführungsform einer Abgasanlage nach der Erfindung.The only Fig. 1 shows a partially sectioned side view of a particular embodiment of an exhaust system according to the invention.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Abgasanlage 1 für eine nicht gezeigte Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeugs. Vorzugsweise findet die erfindungsgemäße Abgasanlage 1 Anwendung bei Dieselmotoren in Nutzfahrzeugen, wie z.B. Omnibusse und Lastkraftwagen. Fig. 1 shows an inventive exhaust system 1 for an internal combustion engine, not shown, in particular a motor vehicle. Preferably, the exhaust system 1 according to the invention is used in diesel engines in commercial vehicles, such as buses and trucks.

Die Abgasanlage 1 kann mit Hilfe eines erfindungsgemäßen Modulssystems aufgebaut werden. Dieses Modulsystem umfasst hierzu ein erstes Moduls 2 sowie ein zweites Modul 3 und zumindest ein Verbindungsrohr 4. Das erste Modul 2 weist ein erstes Gehäuse 5 auf, in dem zumindest ein erstes Abgasbehandlungselement 6 angeordnet ist. Das erste Gehäuse 5 weist einen ersten Abgaseintritt 7 sowie einen ersten Abgasaustritt 8 auf, über die das erste Gehäuse 5 an einen hier nicht gezeigten Abgasstrang der Abgasanlage 1 anschließbar ist. Dieser Abgasstrang führt die Abgase der Brennkraftmaschine von der Brennkraftmaschine in die Umgebung.The exhaust system 1 can be constructed with the aid of a modular system according to the invention. This module system includes this a first module 2 and a second module 3 and at least one connecting pipe 4. The first module 2 has a first housing 5, in which at least a first exhaust gas treatment element 6 is arranged. The first housing 5 has a first exhaust gas inlet 7 and a first exhaust gas outlet 8, via which the first housing 5 can be connected to an exhaust gas line of the exhaust system 1, not shown here. This exhaust gas line leads the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine from the internal combustion engine into the environment.

Das Modulssystem umfasst für das erste Abgasbehandlungselement 6 verschiedene Varianten, die beim Aufbau des ersten Moduls 2 bzw. der Abgasanlage 1 alternativ und insbesondere austauschbar im ersten Gehäuse 2 montierbar sind. Bei den Varianten des ersten Abgasbehandlungselements 6 handelt es sich um wenigstens ein SCR-Katalysatorelement sowie um ein PM-Katalysatorelement. Dabei steht PM für partikelnmindernd. Bei einem PM-Katalysatorelement handelt es sich um ein bei seiner Durchströmung partikelmindernd wirkendes Element, das mit offenen Kanälen arbeitet. Die in der Abgasströmung mitgeführten Partikel lagern sich an Wänden der Kanäle des PM-Katalysatorelements ab, ohne dass hierbei die Gefahr einer Verstopfung der Kanäle des PM-Katalysatorelements besteht. Bei katalytisch aktiven Kanalwänden kommt es unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen zu einer Aufoxidation der abgelagerten Partikel. Hierdurch kann das PM-Katalysatorelement permanent passiv regeneriert werden.The modular system comprises for the first exhaust gas treatment element 6 different variants, which are alternatively and in particular interchangeable in the first housing 2 can be mounted in the construction of the first module 2 and the exhaust system 1. The variants of the first exhaust gas treatment element 6 are at least one SCR catalyst element and a PM catalyst element. PM stands for particle-reducing. A PM catalyst element is a particle-reducing element which acts as a particle when it flows through and works with open channels. The entrained in the exhaust gas flow particles are deposited on walls of the channels of the PM catalyst element, without causing the risk of clogging of the channels of the PM catalyst element. In catalytically active channel walls, under certain conditions, the deposited particles are oxidized. As a result, the PM catalyst element can be permanently regenerated passively.

Das erste Modul 2 kann somit in Abhängigkeit der ausgewählten Variante für das erste Abgasbehandlungselement 6 als SCR-Modul oder als partikelminderndes Modul ausgestaltet werden.The first module 2 can thus be configured as an SCR module or as a particle-reducing module depending on the selected variant for the first exhaust gas treatment element 6.

Das zweite Modul 3 weist ein zweites Gehäuse 9 auf, das zur Aufnahme wenigstens eines zweiten Abgasbehandlungselements 10 dient. Außerdem weist das zweite Gehäuse 9 einen zweiten Abgaseintritt 11 und einen zweiten Abgasaustritt 12 auf, über die das zweite Gehäuse 9 an den Abgasstrang anschließbar ist.The second module 3 has a second housing 9 which serves to receive at least one second exhaust gas treatment element 10. In addition, the second housing 9 has a second exhaust gas inlet 11 and a second exhaust gas outlet 12, via which the second housing 9 can be connected to the exhaust gas line.

Auch für das zweite Abgasbehandlungselement 10 umfasst das Modulsystem mehrere verschiedene Varianten, die alternativ und vorzugsweise austauschbar im zweiten Gehäuse 9 montierbar sind. Diese Varianten des zweiten Abgasbehandlungselements 10 umfassen beispielsweise ein Wall-Flow-Partikelfilterelement. Im Unterschied zu einem PM-Katalysatorelement besitzt ein Wall-Flow-Partikelfilterelement geschlossene Kanäle, so dass der Abgasstrom gezwungen ist, poröse Kanalwände zu durchströmen. Hierbei werden die Partikel ausgefiltert und im Wandmaterial eingelagert. Hierbei setzt das sich Wall-Flow-Partikelfilterelement allmählich zu und muss daher permanent oder in zeitlichen Abständen regeneriert werden. Gegenüber einem PM-Katalysatorelement hat ein Wall-Flow-Partikelfilterelement zwar den Nachteil, dass sein Durchströmungswiderstand grundsätzlich stark ansteigen kann, jedoch ist in der Regel die Abscheidewirkung für Partikel beim Wall-Flow-Partikelfilterelement deutlich größer als bei einem PM-Katalysatorelement. Desweiteren können die Varianten des zweiten Abgasbehandlungselements ein PM-Katalysatorelement und/oder ein Schalldämpferelement und/oder ein Oxidationskatalysatorelement sein.Also for the second exhaust treatment element 10, the module system comprises a plurality of different variants, which are alternatively and preferably replaceable in the second housing 9 can be mounted. These variants of the second exhaust treatment element 10 include, for example, a wall-flow particulate filter element. In contrast to a PM catalyst element has a wall-flow particulate filter element closed channels, so that the exhaust gas flow is forced to flow through porous channel walls. Here, the particles are filtered out and stored in the wall material. In this case, the wall-flow particle filter element gradually increases and therefore has to be regenerated permanently or at intervals. In contrast to a PM catalyst element, a wall-flow particle filter element has the disadvantage that its flow resistance can generally rise sharply, but the separation efficiency for particles in the wall-flow particle filter element is generally much greater than for a PM catalyst element. Furthermore, the variants of the second exhaust treatment element, a PM catalyst element and / or a silencer element and / or an oxidation catalyst element.

Mit Hilfe des Verbindungsrohrs 4 können nun die beiden Module 2, 3 miteinander verbunden werden, in dem das Verbindungsohr 4 den zweiten Abgasaustritt 12 mit dem ersten Abgaseintritt 7 verbindet. In Fig. 1 ist mit Pfeilen 13 eine Abgasströmung symbolisiert, die im Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine die Abgasanlage 1 durchströmt. Vorzugsweise ist demnach das erste Modul 2 stromab des zweiten Moduls 3 im Abgasstrang angeordnet.With the help of the connecting pipe 4, the two modules 2, 3 can now be interconnected, in which the connecting pipe 4 connects the second exhaust gas outlet 12 with the first exhaust gas inlet 7. In Fig. 1 is symbolized with arrows 13 an exhaust gas flow, the exhaust system 1 flows through during operation of the internal combustion engine. Preferably, therefore, the first module 2 is arranged downstream of the second module 3 in the exhaust line.

Bei der hier gezeigten, bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das erste Modul 2 als SCR-Modul ausgestaltet, das im folgenden auch mit 2 bezeichnet wird. Demnach handelt es sich im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel beim ersten Abgasbehandlungselement 6 vorzugsweise um ein SCR-Katalysatorelement, das im folgenden ebenfalls mit 6 bezeichnet wird. Entsprechendes gilt auch für das erste Gehäuse 5, das im folgenden auch als SCR-Gehäuse 5 bezeichnet wird. Das jeweilige SCR-Katalysatorelement 6 kann beispielsweise ein Vanadium basierter oder Vanadium freier Katalysator sein oder einen entsprechend beschichteten Träger, z.B. aus Cordierit oder aus Metall, aufweisen oder als Vollextrudat ausgestaltet sein. Desweiteren kann durch eine spezielle Struktur der Substrate, insbesondere der Metallsubstrate, eine Quervermischung erreicht werden, die eine Verteilung und Durchmischung des Reduktionsmittels über dem Katalysatorquerschnitt verbessert. Durch diese Quervermischung können einerseits die NOx-Reduktion im SCR-Katalysatorelement 6 verbessert und andererseits die Menge an Harnstoff, die das SCR-Katalysatorelement 6 ohne Reaktion durchströmt, reduziert werden.In the preferred embodiment shown here, the first module 2 is designed as an SCR module, which will also be referred to below as 2. Accordingly, in the exemplary embodiment shown, the first exhaust gas treatment element 6 is preferably an SCR catalytic converter element, which will also be referred to below as 6. The same applies to the first housing 5, which is also referred to below as the SCR housing 5. The respective SCR catalyst element 6 may be, for example, a vanadium-based or vanadium-free catalyst or may have a correspondingly coated carrier, for example of cordierite or of metal, or may be configured as a bulk extrudate. Furthermore, by a special structure of the substrates, in particular the metal substrates, a cross-mixing can be achieved, which improves a distribution and mixing of the reducing agent over the catalyst cross-section. On the one hand, this cross-mixing can improve the NO x reduction in the SCR catalytic converter element 6 and, on the other hand, the amount of urea which can be used SCR catalyst element 6 flows through without reaction, can be reduced.

Desweiteren handelt es sich beim zweiten Modul 3 bei der hier gezeigten bevorzugten Ausführungsform um ein PF-Modul, das im folgenden auch mit 3 bezeichnet wird. Dabei steht PF für Partikelfilter. Dementsprechend wird das zweite Gehäuse 9 im folgenden auch als PF-Gehäuse 9 bezeichnet. Beim zweiten Abgasbehandlungselement 10 handelt es sich dementsprechend um ein Partikelfilterelement, das im folgenden auch mit 10 bezeichnet wird. Dabei umfasst der Begriff Partikelfilter beliebige Einrichtungen, die bei ihrer Durchströmung eine partikelmindernde Wirkung aufweisen. Insbesondere umfasst der Begriff Partikelfilterelement somit die weiter oben beschriebenen Wall-Flow-Partikelfilterelemente sowie die PM-Katalysatorelemente. Das als Wall-Flow-Partikelfilterelement ausgestaltete Partikelfilterelement 10 kann wahlweise aus Cordierit, Sintermetall, Silliciumcarbit oder aus einem anderen geeigneten Filtermaterial bestehen.Furthermore, in the preferred embodiment shown here, the second module 3 is a PF module, which is also referred to below as 3. Here, PF stands for particle filter. Accordingly, the second housing 9 is also referred to below as the PF housing 9. Accordingly, the second exhaust gas treatment element 10 is a particle filter element, which will also be referred to below as 10. The term particle filter includes any devices that have a particle-reducing effect when they flow through. In particular, the term particulate filter element thus comprises the wall-flow particulate filter elements described above and the PM catalyst elements. The particulate filter element 10 configured as a wall-flow particulate filter element may optionally consist of cordierite, sintered metal, sillicium carbide or another suitable filter material.

Die erfindungsgemäße Abgasanlage 1 umfasst somit das SCR-Modul 2 und das stromauf davon angeordnete PF-Modul 3, wobei die beiden Module 2, 3 über das Verbindungsrohr 4 miteinander verbunden sind.The exhaust system 1 according to the invention thus comprises the SCR module 2 and the PF module 3 arranged upstream therefrom, the two modules 2, 3 being connected to one another via the connecting pipe 4.

Die beiden Module 2, 3 des Modulssystems sind hinsichtlich ihrer Funktion und Wirkungsweise auf einander abgestimmt, so dass die beiden Module 2, 3 vorzugsweise gleichzeitig zur Anwendung kommen und in eine Abgasanlage 1 eingebaut werden. Grundsätzlich sind, nicht Gegenstand der Erfindung, die einzelnen Module 2, 3 jedoch so ausgestaltet, dass sie auch einzeln, also jeweils für sich und ohne das jeweils andere Modul 2, 3 in eine Abgasanlage 1 eingebaut werden können, um dort eine Abgasreinigung zu realisieren, die weniger strengen Abgasvorschriften genügt. Besonders vorteilhaft ist jedoch, dass das jeweils fehlende Modul 2, 3 jederzeit nachrüstbar ist, um auf diese Weise das mit beiden Modulen 2, 3 ausgestattete Reinigungssystem in der jeweiligen Abgasanlage 1 zu realisieren.The two modules 2, 3 of the modular system are matched in terms of their function and mode of action on each other, so that the two modules 2, 3 are preferably used simultaneously and installed in an exhaust system 1. In principle, not the subject of the invention, the individual modules 2, 3, however, designed so that they can be installed individually, so in each case and without the respective other module 2, 3 in an exhaust system 1 in order to realize an exhaust gas purification that meets less stringent emission regulations. It is particularly advantageous, however, that the respectively missing module 2, 3 can be retrofitted at any time in order to realize in this way the cleaning system equipped with both modules 2, 3 in the respective exhaust system 1.

Vorzugsweise, erfindungsgemäß, weist das Verbindungsrohr 4 zumindest ein Entkoppelelement 14 auf, das so gestaltet ist, dass die beiden Gehäuse 5, 9 mechanisch voneinander entkoppelt sind. Hierdurch können die beiden Gehäuse 5, 9 beispielsweise Relativbewegungen zueinander durchführen, ohne dass es dabei zu einer Beschädigung des Verbindungsrohrs 4 oder eines der Gehäuse 5, 9 kommt. Derartige Relativbewegungen können im Betrieb des mit der Abgasanlage 1 ausgestatteten Fahrzeugs auftreten. Ebenso kann das Entkoppelelement 14 thermische Ausdehnungseffekte kompensieren, die entstehen, da sich die Abgasanlage 1 im Betrieb aufgrund der auftretenden hohen Temperaturen ausdehnen kann.Preferably, according to the invention, the connecting pipe 4 has at least one decoupling element 14, which is designed so that the two housings 5, 9 are mechanically decoupled from each other. As a result, the two housings 5, 9 for example, perform relative movements to each other, without causing damage to the connecting pipe 4 or one of the housing 5, 9 comes. Such relative movements may occur during operation of the vehicle equipped with the exhaust system 1. Likewise, the decoupling element 14 can compensate thermal expansion effects that arise because the exhaust system 1 can expand during operation due to the high temperatures that occur.

Bei Entkoppelelement 14 kann es sich beispielsweise um ein flexibles Wellrohr handeln, das hier in das Verbindungsrohr 4 eingesetzt ist. Dementsprechend befindet sich das Entkoppelelement 14 bzw. das Wellrohr zwischen zwei daran angrenzenden Abschnitten 15, 16 des Verbindungsrohrs 4. Aufgrund der zu erwartenden hohen Temperaturen besteht das Wellrohr (Entkoppelelement 14) vorzugsweise aus einem geeigneten Metall. Das Wellrohr 14 ist über Rundflasche 17 mit den Abschnitten 15, 16 des Verbindungsrohrs 4 verbunden.Decoupling element 14 may be, for example, a flexible corrugated pipe, which is inserted here into connecting pipe 4. Accordingly, the decoupling element 14 and the corrugated pipe between two adjoining sections 15, 16 of the connecting pipe 4. Due to the expected high temperatures, the corrugated pipe (decoupling 14) preferably of a suitable metal. The corrugated tube 14 is connected via round bottle 17 with the sections 15, 16 of the connecting pipe 4.

Das SCR-Modul 2 umfasst hier eine Harnstoffdosiereinrichtung 18, mit deren Hilfe Harnstoff stromauf des wenigstens einen SCR-Katalysatorelements 6 in den Abgasstrom 13 eingeleitet werden kann. Von der Harnstoffdosiereinrichtung 18 ist hier lediglich eine Einspritzdüse 19 zum Einbringen des Harnstoffs gezeigt, die im Bereich des ersten Abgaseintritts 7 angeordnet ist. Das SCR-Modul 2 weist im SCR-Gehäuse 5 außerdem eine Mischstrecke 20 auf, die sich zwischen der Einleitstelle für den Harnstoff, also zwischen der Einspritzdüse 19 und dem wenigstens einen SCR-Katalysatorelement 6 im SCR-Gehäuse 5 erstreckt. Diese Mischstrecke 20 umfasst hier ein Eintrittsrohr 21 sowie eine Eintrittskammer 22. Das Eintrittsrohr 21 verbindet innerhalb des SCR-Gehäuses 5 den ersten Abgaseintritt 7 mit der Eintrittskammer 22. In der Mischstrecke 20, also insbesondere im Eintrittsrohr 21 und/oder in der Eintrittskammer 22 kann wenigstens ein hier nicht gezeigtes passives Mischglied angeordnet sein, das bei seiner Umströmung oder Durchströmung eine intensive Durchmischung des eingebrachten Harnstoffs mit der Abgasströmung 13 bewirkt.The SCR module 2 here comprises a urea metering device 18, with the aid of which urea upstream of the at least one SCR catalyst element 6 can be introduced into the exhaust gas flow 13. Of the urea dosing 18 only one injection nozzle 19 for introducing the urea is shown here, which is arranged in the region of the first exhaust gas inlet 7. The SCR module 2 also has a mixing section 20 in the SCR housing 5, which extends between the inlet point for the urea, that is, between the injection nozzle 19 and the at least one SCR catalyst element 6 in the SCR housing 5. In this case, the inlet pipe 21 connects the first exhaust gas inlet 7 with the inlet chamber 22 within the SCR housing 5. In the mixing zone 20, ie in particular in the inlet pipe 21 and / or in the inlet chamber 22 at least one passive mixing element (not shown here) may be arranged, which causes intensive mixing of the introduced urea with the exhaust gas flow 13 when it flows around or through the flow.

Die Abgase gelangen somit vom ersten Abgaseintritt 7 über das Eintrittsrohr 21 in die Eintrittskammer 22. Von der Eintrittskammer 22 gelangen die Abgase durch das wenigstens eine SCR-Katalysatorelement 6 in eine Sammelkammer 23. Die Sammelkammer 23 ist durch eine gasdurchlässige Trennwand 24 von einer Austrittskammer 25 getrennt. Die Gasdurchlässigkeit dieser Trennwand 24 wird beispielsweise über entsprechende Durchgangsöffnungen bzw. durch eine poröse Ausgestaltung der Trennwand 24 erreicht. Von der Austrittskammer 25 gelangt der Abgasstrom 13 durch ein Austrittsrohr 26 zum ersten Abgasaustritt 8.The exhaust gases thus pass from the first exhaust gas inlet 7 via the inlet pipe 21 into the inlet chamber 22. From the inlet chamber 22, the exhaust gases pass through the at least one SCR catalytic converter element 6 into a collecting chamber 23. The collecting chamber 23 is separated from the outlet chamber by a gas-permeable partition wall 24 25 separately. The gas permeability of this partition wall 24 is achieved, for example via corresponding passage openings or by a porous configuration of the partition wall 24. From the outlet chamber 25, the exhaust gas stream 13 passes through an outlet pipe 26 to the first exhaust gas outlet 8.

Desweiteren enthält das SCR-Gehäuse 5 hier zusätzlich eine Dämpferkammer 27, die ein Dämpfermaterial 28 enthält und die zwischen der Eintrittskammer 22 und der Austrittskammer 25 angeordnet ist. Dabei sind das Austrittsrohr 26, das Eintrittsrohr 21 sowie das wenigstens eine SCR-Katalysatorelement 6 durch diese Dämpferkammer 27 hindurchgeführt. Das Austrittsrohr 26 ist innerhalb der Dämpferkammer 27 für Luftschall durchlässig ausgestaltet. Beispielsweise ist hierzu ein in der Dämpferkammer 27 verlaufender Abschnitt des Austrittsrohrs 26 mit einer Perforation 29 versehen. Obwohl im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel nur ein SCR-Katalysatorelement 6 deutlich erkennbar ist, enthält das SCR-Modul 2 zweckmäßig mehrere SCR-Katalysatorelemente 6, die parallel zueinander angeordnet sind und die parallel vom Abgasstrom 13 durchströmbar sind.Furthermore, the SCR housing 5 additionally contains here a damper chamber 27, which contains a damper material 28 and which is arranged between the inlet chamber 22 and the outlet chamber 25. In this case, the outlet pipe 26, the inlet pipe 21 and the at least one SCR catalyst element 6 are passed through this damper chamber 27. The outlet pipe 26 is designed to be permeable to airborne sound within the damper chamber 27. For example, a section of the outlet tube 26 extending in the damper chamber 27 is provided with a perforation 29 for this purpose. Although in the embodiment shown only one SCR catalyst element 6 is clearly visible, the SCR module 2 expediently contains a plurality of SCR catalyst elements 6, which are arranged parallel to one another and can be flowed through in parallel by the exhaust gas flow 13.

Schließlich kann das SCR-Modul 2 mit einer hier nicht gezeigten Sensorik ausgestattet sein, die insbesondere so ausgestaltet ist, dass damit im Abgasstrom 13 eine Temperatur, ein NOx-Gehalt und ein NH3-Gehalt gemessen werden kann.Finally, the SCR module 2 may be equipped with a sensor not shown here, which is designed in particular so that in the exhaust stream 13, a temperature, a NO x content and an NH 3 content can be measured.

Bei der hier gezeigten, bevorzugten Ausführungsform umfasst das SCR-Modul 2 außerdem eine Abgaskühleinrichtung 30. Die Abgaskühleinrichtung 30 ist dabei stromab des wenigstens einen SCR-Katalysatorelements 6 angeordnet und dient zur Kühlung der aus dem ersten Abgasaustritt 8 austretenden Abgase. Vorzugsweise ist die Abgaskühleinrichtung 30 im Bereich des Austrittsrohrs 26 angeordnet. Die Abgaskühleinrichtung 30 kann hierzu eine Düsenanordnung 31 aufweisen, die im Austrittsrohr 26 angeordnet ist. Die Düsenanordnung 31 kann als Ringdüse ausgestaltet sein und kann insbesondere in eine Wandung des Austrittsrohrs 26 integriert sein. Über die Düsenanordnung 31 kann ein geeignetes Kühlmittel in den Abgasstrom 13 eingeleitet werden. Vorzugsweise handelt es sich beim Kühlmittel um Umgebungsluft; ebenso sind jedoch auch andere Kühlmittel denkbar.In the preferred embodiment shown here, the SCR module 2 also comprises an exhaust gas cooling device 30. The exhaust gas cooling device 30 is downstream of the at least one Arranged SCR catalyst element 6 and serves to cool the exiting from the first exhaust gas outlet 8 exhaust gases. Preferably, the exhaust gas cooling device 30 is arranged in the region of the outlet pipe 26. The exhaust gas cooling device 30 can for this purpose have a nozzle arrangement 31, which is arranged in the outlet pipe 26. The nozzle arrangement 31 can be designed as an annular nozzle and can in particular be integrated into a wall of the outlet pipe 26. Via the nozzle arrangement 31, a suitable coolant can be introduced into the exhaust gas flow 13. Preferably, the coolant is ambient air; however, other coolants are also conceivable.

Alternativ kann die Abgaskühleinrichtung 30 auch mit einem Kühlkanal ausgestattet sein, der von einem Kühlmittel durchströmbar ist. Dieser Kühlkanal kann z.B. mit einer Wandung des Austrittsrohrs 6 wärmeübertragend gekoppelt sein oder in diese Wandung integriert sein. Beispielsweise handelt es sich beim Kühlmittel dann um ein flüssiges Kühlmittel; insbesondere kann der Kühlkanal an einen Kühlkreis der Brennkraftmaschine angeschlossen sein.Alternatively, the exhaust gas cooling device 30 may also be equipped with a cooling channel through which a coolant can flow. This cooling channel can e.g. be coupled with a wall of the outlet tube 6 heat transfer or integrated into this wall. For example, the coolant is then a liquid coolant; In particular, the cooling channel can be connected to a cooling circuit of the internal combustion engine.

Das PF-Modul 3 kann mit einer Brennstoffdosiereinrichtung 32 ausgestattet sein, von der hier lediglich eine Einspritzdüse 33 dargestellt ist. Mit Hilfe der Brennstoffdosiereinrichtung 32 kann ein Brennstoff, z.B. der Kraftstoff der Brennkraftmaschine, stromauf des wenigstens einen Partikelfilterelements 10 in den Abgasstrom 13 eingeleitet werden. Eine Brennstoffzuführung wird insbesondere dann benötigt, wenn zur Einleitung einer aktiven Regeneration des Partikelfilterelements 10 die Temperatur des Partikelfilterelements 10 auf eine Starttemperatur erhöht werden muss, bei der ein Abbrand der Partikelbeladung des Partikelfilterelements 10 beginnt. Damit der eingeleitete Brennstoff durch Oxidation die erwünschte Wärme abgeben kann, kann das Partikelfilterelement 10 katalytisch aktiv ausgestaltet sein. Bevorzugt wird jedoch die hier gezeigte Ausführungsform, bei der stromauf des wenigstens einen Partikelfilterelements 10 zumindest ein Pre-Oxidationskatalysatorelement 34 im PF-Gehäuse 9 angeordnet ist. Die Einleitung des Brennstoffs erfolgt dann stromauf dieses Pre-Oxidationskatalysatorelements 34.The PF module 3 may be equipped with a fuel metering device 32, of which only one injection nozzle 33 is shown here. With the aid of the fuel metering device 32, a fuel, for example the fuel of the internal combustion engine, can be introduced into the exhaust gas flow 13 upstream of the at least one particle filter element 10. A fuel supply is needed in particular when to initiate an active regeneration of the particulate filter element 10, the temperature of the particulate filter element 10 has to be increased to a starting temperature at which burnup of the particulate loading of the particulate filter element 10 begins. In order for the fuel introduced to be able to give off the desired heat by oxidation, the particle filter element 10 can be made catalytically active. However, the embodiment shown here, in which at least one pre-oxidation catalytic converter element 34 is arranged in the PF housing 9 upstream of the at least one particle filter element 10, is preferred. The introduction of the fuel then takes place upstream of this pre-oxidation catalyst element 34.

Das wenigstens eine Pre-Oxidationskatalysatorelement 34 dient somit während einer aktiven Regeneration des Partikelfilterelements 10 als katalytischer Brenner. Daneben kann das Pre-Oxidationskatalysatorelement 34 auch als konventioneller Oxidationskatalysator dienen. Außerdem kann es als NO2-Katalysator dienen, um eine kontinuierliche Regeneration des Partikelfilterelements 10 zu unterstützen. Insgesamt ermöglicht das Pre-Oxidationskatalysatorelement 34 eine Verbesserung der NO-absorbierenden Wirkung des SCR-Moduls 2.The at least one pre-oxidation catalyst element 34 thus serves as a catalytic burner during active regeneration of the particle filter element 10. In addition, the pre-oxidation catalyst element 34 can also serve as a conventional oxidation catalyst. In addition, it may serve as a NO 2 catalyst to assist in continuous regeneration of the particulate filter element 10. Overall, the pre-oxidation catalyst element 34 makes it possible to improve the NO-absorbing action of the SCR module 2.

Zusätzlich hat das PF-Modul 3 wie hier zumindest ein Post-Oxidationskatalysatorelement 35, das im PF-Gehäuse 9 stromab des wenigstens einen Partikelfilterelements 10 angeordnet ist. Mit Hilfe des Post-Oxidationskatalysatorelements 35 können Brennstoffreste, die beim Aufheizen des Partikelfilterelements 10 nicht oder nicht vollständig umgesetzt worden sind, aufoxidiert werden. Auch das wenigstens eine Post-Oxidationskatalysatorelement 35 kann zu einer Verbesserung der Funktion des SCR-Moduls 2 beitragen.In addition, as here, the PF module 3 has at least one post-oxidation catalyst element 35 disposed in the PF housing 9 downstream of the at least one particulate filter element 10. With the aid of the post-oxidation catalytic converter element 35, fuel residues which have not been completely or not completely reacted when the particle filter element 10 is heated up are to be oxidized. Also, the at least one post-oxidation catalyst element 35 may contribute to an improvement in the function of the SCR module 2.

Darüber hinaus kann das PF-Modul 3 mit einer Sensorik 36 ausgestattet sein, mit deren Hilfe insbesondere die Temperatur im Abgasstrom 13 und/oder eine Differenzdruckmessung am wenigstens einen Partikelfilterelement 10 durchführbar ist. Über die Differenzdruckmessung kann der Beladungszustand des Partikelfilterelements 10 ermittelt werden.In addition, the PF module 3 may be equipped with a sensor 36, by means of which, in particular, the temperature in the exhaust gas flow 13 and / or a differential pressure measurement on the at least one particle filter element 10 can be carried out. By means of the differential pressure measurement, the loading state of the particle filter element 10 can be determined.

Vorzugsweise besitzt das PF-Gehäuse 9 einen Mittelabschnitt 37, der zwischen einem Eintrittsabschnitt 38 und einem Austrittsabschnitt 39 angeordnet ist. Der Eintrittsabschnitt 38 umfasst den zweiten Abgaseintritt 11 und enthält wie hier zusätzlich das wenigstens eine Pre-Oxidationskatalysatorelement 34. Im Unterschied dazu weist der Austrittsabschnitt 39 den zweiten Abgasaustritt 12 auf und kann außerdem das wenigstens eine Post-Oxidationskatalysatorelement 35 enthalten. Der Mittelabschnitt 37 enthält das wenigstens eine Partikelfilterelement 10 und ist mit Hilfe von Befestigungselementen 40 austauschbar am Eintrittsabschnitt 38 und am Austrittsabschnitt 39 befestigt. Auf diese Weise kann beispielsweise ein beschädigtes oder veraltetes Partikelfilterelement 10 besonders einfach durch ein neues ersetzt werden, da der Mittelabschnitt 37 besonders einfach ausgebaut werden kann, ohne dass das gesamte PF-Modul 3 aus der Abgasanlage 1 ausgebaut werden muss. Auch kann dadurch beim PF-Modul 3 das Partikelfilterelement 10 besonders einfach umgerüstet werden, z.B. von einem Wall-Flow-Partikelfilterelement in ein PM-Katalysatorelement und umgekehrt.Preferably, the PF housing 9 has a central portion 37 which is arranged between an inlet section 38 and an outlet section 39. The inlet section 38 comprises the second exhaust gas inlet 11 and, as here, additionally contains the at least one pre-oxidation catalytic converter element 34. In contrast, the outlet section 39 has the second exhaust gas outlet 12 and may additionally contain the at least one post-oxidation catalytic converter element 35. The middle section 37 contains the at least one particle filter element 10 and is fastened interchangeably at the inlet section 38 and at the outlet section 39 by means of fastening elements 40. In this way, for example, a damaged or outdated particulate filter element 10 can be particularly easily replaced by a new one, since the central portion 37 can be particularly easily removed without the entire PF module 3 has to be removed from the exhaust system 1. This also makes the particulate filter element 10 particularly easy in the case of the PF module 3 be converted, for example, from a wall-flow particulate filter element in a PM catalyst element and vice versa.

Zweckmäßig sind hierzu die Befestigungselemente 40 als Schnellbefestigungselemente ausgestaltet. Gezeigt sind hier als Schellen ausgestaltete Befestigungselemente 40, die nach außen abstehende, wulstartige Randbereiche an den Stirnseiten der miteinander zu verbindenden Abschnitte 37, 38, 39 ausgebildet sind.For this purpose, the fastening elements 40 are expediently configured as quick-fastening elements. Shown here are configured as clamps fasteners 40, the outwardly projecting, bead-like edge regions on the end faces of the sections 37, 38, 39 to be joined together are formed.

Desweiteren können das SCR-Gehäuse 5 und das PF-Gehäuse 9 schalldämpfend ausgestaltet sein, beispielsweise durch Doppelwände mit dazwischen angeordnetem Dämmmaterial.Furthermore, the SCR housing 5 and the PF housing 9 can be configured sound-damping, for example by double walls with insulating material arranged therebetween.

Claims (8)

  1. An exhaust system for a combustion engine, in particular in a motor vehicle,
    - with an SCR module (2), which in an SCR housing (5) connected to an exhaust line contains at least one SCR catalytic converter element (6),
    - with a PF module (3), which in a PF housing (9) connected to the exhaust line upstream of the SCR housing (5) contains at least one particle filter element (10) as well as at least one pre-oxidation catalytic converter element (34),
    - with a fuel metering device (32) with which a fuel can be fed into the exhaust gas flow (13) upstream of the at least one particle filter element (10),
    characterized in that
    - the at least one pre-oxidation catalytic converter element (34) is arranged in the PF housing (9) upstream of the at least one particle filter element (10),
    - the fuel metering device (32) on the PF housing (9) has an injection nozzle (33) for feeding in the fuel upstream of the pre-oxidation catalytic converter element (34),
    - the PF housing (9) has a middle section (37) which is arranged between an entry section (38) having an exhaust gas entry (11) and an exit section (39) having an exhaust gas exit (12), which contains the at least one particle filter element (10) and which is replaceably fastened to the entry section (38) and to the exit section (39) by means of fastening elements (40),
    - the entry section (38) contains the pre-oxidation catalytic converter element (34),
    - the PF module (3) in the PF housing (9) contains at least one post-oxidation catalytic converter element (35) which is arranged downstream of the at least one particle filter element (10).
  2. The exhaust system according to Claim 1,
    Characterized in that
    - the exhaust line has a connecting pipe (4) which connects an exhaust exit (12) of the PF housing (9) with an exhaust entry (7) of the SCR housing (5),
    - the connecting pipe (4) has at least one decoupling element (14) for the mechanical decoupling of the two housings (5, 9).
  3. The exhaust system according to Claim 2,
    characterized in that
    - the decoupling element (14) is configured as flexible corrugated pipe, and/or
    - the corrugated pipe is inserted into the connecting pipe (4) between two sections (15, 16) of the connecting pipe (4) adjoining it, and/or
    - the corrugated pipe consists of metal, and/or,
    - the corrugated pipe is connected to sections (15, 16) of the connecting pipe (4) adjoining it via round flanges (17).
  4. The exhaust system according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in that
    - the PF module (3) has a sensing device (36), in particular for the temperature measurement and/or for the differential pressure measurement on the at least one particle filter element (10).
  5. The exhaust system according to one of Claims 1 to 4,
    characterized in that
    the fastening elements (40) are configured as quick fastening elements.
  6. The exhaust system according to one of Claims 1 to 5,
    characterized in that
    - the SCR module (2) has a urea metering device (18) with which urea can be fed into the exhaust gas flow (13) upstream of the at least one SCR catalytic converter element (6), and/or
    - the SCR module (2) in the SCR housing (5) has a mixing section (20) which is arranged between a feeding point for urea and the at least one SCR catalytic converter element (6), and/or
    - the SCR module (2) has an entry pipe (21) which in the SCR housing (5) connects an exhaust gas entry (7) of the SCR housing (5) to an entry chamber (22) of the SCR housing (5), and/or
    - the at least one SCR catalytic converter element (6) connects the entry chamber (22) to a collecting chamber (23) of the SCR housing (5), and/or
    - the SCR module (2) has an exit pipe (26) which in the SCR housing (5) connects an exhaust gas exit (8) of the SCR housing (5) to an exit chamber (25) or to the collecting chamber (23), and/or
    - the SCR housing (5) contains a damping chamber (27) filled with damping material (28) which is arranged between an entry chamber (22) and an exit chamber (25) and/or
    - the at least one SCR catalytic converter element (6) and/or the exit pipe (26) and/or the entry pipe (21) is/are passed through a damping chamber (27) and/or
    - the exit pipe (26) in a section running in the damping chamber (27) is configured so as to be permeable to airborne sound, in particular perforated, and/or
    - the SCR module (2) contains a plurality of SCR catalytic converter elements (6) which are arranged in the SCR housing (5) so that parallel flow through these is possible and/or
    - the SCR module (2) has a sensing device in particular for the measurement of temperature and/or NOx and/or NH3 in the exhaust gas flow (13).
  7. The exhaust system according to one of Claims 1 to 6,
    characterized in that
    - the SCR module (2) has an exhaust gas cooling device (30) which is arranged downstream of the at least one SCR catalytic converter element (6), and/or
    - the exhaust gas cooling device (30) has a cooling channel through which a coolant can flow, which is coupled to or integrated in a wall of the exit pipe (26) in a heat transmitting manner, and/or
    - the exhaust gas cooling device (30) has a nozzle arrangement (31) arranged in the exit pipe (26) or integrated in a wall of the exit pipe (26), through which a coolant can be fed into the exhaust gas flow (13).
  8. The exhaust system according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the second exhaust gas treatment element (10) contains a wall-flow particle filter element and/or a PM catalytic converter element and additionally can be configured with a silencer element.
EP06111902.0A 2005-05-30 2006-03-29 Exhaust system Ceased EP1728984B2 (en)

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EP1728984A3 EP1728984A3 (en) 2006-12-20
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EP1728984A3 (en) 2006-12-20
US20060266022A1 (en) 2006-11-30
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US7836688B2 (en) 2010-11-23
DE102005025045A1 (en) 2006-12-14
EP1728984B1 (en) 2010-11-03

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