DE102009034544A1 - surfactant mixture - Google Patents

Abstract

Solid and liquid, possibly also aqueous surfactant mixtures are described which contain at least one alkanolamine soap and at least one alkyl (oligo) glycoside side by side.

Description

The The application relates to solid or optionally liquid surfactant mixtures which certain soaps and selected ones nonionic surfactants side by side.

surfactants are amphiphilic (bifunctional) compounds having at least one hydrophobic and a hydrophilic moiety. The hydrophobic residue is usually one - if possible linear - hydrocarbon chain with 8 to 22 carbon atoms. The hydrophilic residue is either one negative or positive electrically charged (hydratable) or a neutral polar head group. Basic properties of the surfactants are the oriented adsorption at interfaces as well as the aggregation to micelles and the formation of lyotropic phases. Become surfactants though in a big one Number of different fields of technology used that greatest importance but they come in the field of detergents and cleaners, the cosmetic agents and as emulsifiers or dispersants. surfactants can be divided into charged and uncharged surfactants, respectively have different properties. In addition, are also amphoteric Surfactants are known which have both neutral and charged moieties.

The Combination of surfactants from different groups is in many Desired areas, but, because of their different physical and chemical Properties may cause problems during processing. Also the provision of surfactant mixtures for further processing fails if necessary, the incompatibilities of the mixed surfactant types. This is especially true if anionic and nonionic surfactants coexist.

It Therefore, the object of the present invention was surfactant mixtures without providing these disadvantages.

A first subject of the present application is therefore directed to surfactant mixture comprising at least one alkanolamine soap at least one alkyl (oligo) glycoside of the general formula R ¹ O- [G] _p (I) in the R ¹ for an alkyl and / or alkenyl radical 4 to 22 carbon atoms, G is a sugar residue having 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p is a number from 1 to 10.

The Mixtures necessarily contain the two components (a) and (b), Preferably, they only consist of these, but can also be more Have ingredients.

Component (a) - alkanolamine soaps

Usually, soaps are the water-soluble sodium or potassium salts of the saturated and unsaturated higher fatty acids. In the present case, however, special soaps, namely those of carboxylic acids, preferably of fatty acids, are selected with alkanolamines, in particular of the aminoethanols. A distinction is made between primary, secondary and tertiary alkanolamines. Particularly preferred are the monoethanolamine, with the empirical formula HOC ₂ H ₄ NH ₂ . Monoethanolamines can be present in the form of two isomers, the (unstable) 1-aminoethanol, and the conventional 2-aminoethanol.

By fatty acids are meant aliphatic carboxylic acids of the general formula R ² CO-OH in which R ² CO is an aliphatic, linear or branched acyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms and 0 and / or 1, 2 or 3 double bonds. Typical examples are caproic acid, caprylic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, isotridecanoic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, petroselinic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, elaeostearic acid, arachidic acid, gadoleic acid, behenic acid and erucic acid, and technical mixtures thereof that z. As in the pressure splitting of natural fats and oils, in the reduction of aldehydes from the Roelen oxo synthesis or the dimerization of unsaturated fatty acids incurred. Preference is given to technical fatty acids having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, such as, for example, coconut, palm, palm kernel or tallow fatty acid.

By Reaction of the free fatty acid with monoethanolamine the soap is formed. The surfactant mixtures The present invention contain either the soap, or fatty acid and amine side by side, which then form the soap in situ. Especially preferred are such components (a) in which the soap is monoethanolamine with linear and preferably saturated monocarboxylic acids with 12 to 18 carbon atoms is selected.

Component (b) - alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides

Alkyl and alkenyl oligoglycosides are known nonionic surfactants which follow formula (I), R ¹ O- [G] _p (I) in which R ^{1 is} an alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, G is a sugar radical having 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p is a number from 1 to 10. They can be obtained by the relevant methods of preparative organic chemistry. The alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides can be derived from aldoses or ketoses having 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably glucose.

The preferred alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides are thus alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglucosides. Compounds of this type are sold by the Applicant under the trademark " ^APG® " in a variety of qualities.

The Index number p in the general formula (I) indicates the degree of oligomerization (DP), d. H. the distribution of mono- and oligoglycosides and stands for a number between 1 and 10. While p in a given connection must always be integer and here especially the values p = 1 to 6 can assume, the value p is for a certain one Alkyl oligoglycoside an analytically determined arithmetic size, the usually represents a fractional number. Preferably, alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides having a moderate degree of oligomerization p used from 1.1 to 3.0.

Out From an application point of view, those are alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides preferred, the degree of oligomerization is less than 1.7 and in particular between 1.0 and 1.6 and preferably between 1.1 and 1.4. Within the scope of the present teaching, however, especially those are alkyl (oligo) glycosides preferred, whose DP degree is in the range of 1.10 to 1.20.

The alkyl or alkenyl radical R ¹ can be derived from primary alcohols having 4 to 22, preferably 8 to 22, and particularly preferably 10 to 20 carbon atoms. The alkyl or alkenyl radical R ¹ may also be preferably of primary alcohols and mixtures thereof having 12 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms, 12 to 16 carbon atoms or 12 to 14 or also preferably 14 to 16 or 14 to 18 or preferably derived from 16 to 18 carbon atoms. Typical examples are lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, arachyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol, brassidyl alcohol, and technical mixtures thereof which can be obtained as described above.

It may further be preferred that the alkyl (oligo) glycosides of the formula (I) contain only alkyl radicals having 12 and 14, or 12 and 16 or 12 and 18 or 16 and 18 carbon atoms, wherein such mixtures may also be preferred which have no residues with odd number of carbon atoms, or their proportion of residues R ¹ with odd number of carbon atoms, based on the weight of all alkyl (oligo) glycosides less than 10% and preferably less than 6 wt .-%, wherein proportion of 0.5 to 4.0 wt .-% may be preferred.

Particular preference is furthermore given to alkyl (oligo) glycosides having a chain length C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ and a DP degree p of from 1.00 to 1.25, and preferably from 1.10 to 1.20 and particularly preferably from 1.16 to 1 , 19th

The Alkyl (oligo) glycosides in the surfactant mixtures continue to be distinguished preferably by their HLB value, which then preferably in the range from 7.0 to 15.5, preferably from 8.0 to 15.0, wherein the Range of 10.0 to 14.5 or 10.0 to 13.5 particularly preferred can be.

Farther can the height the surface tension the alkyl (oligo) glycosides considerably for their suitability in the sense of present invention. Preferred are such alkyl (oligo) glycosides of the formula (I) which has a surface tension after 100 seconds from 50 to 80 mN / m and preferably from 60 to 75 mN / m exhibit. The interfacial tension which is alkyl (oligo) glycosides preferably 0.5 to 10, in particular 1.0 to 6.5 nN / m. The interfacial tension is measured against a dicapryl ether, each with a aqueous solution at 20 ° C 0.1% by weight of the alkyl (oligo) glycosides.

Particularly preferred may be those alkyl (oligo) glycosides whose surface tension after 100 s in the range of 55 to 75 mN / m and their interfacial tension is simultaneously in the range of 1.0 to 6.5 mN / m. The measurement is carried out for example with a bubble pressure tensiometer with a 0.1 wt .-% Solution of the alkyl (oligo) glycoside in water.

The Alkyl (oligo) glycosides can As a result of the preparation, water contains from 1 to 70% by weight, preferably 5 to 60 wt .-% based on the total weight of the alkyl (oligo) glycosides. In the surfactant mixtures according to the present Registration can hydrous, as well as anhydrous alkyl (oligo) glycosides of the formula (I) are used.

It is possible, too and preferably mixtures of structurally different alkyl (oligo) glycosides to use with each other in any mixing conditions.

Furthermore, it is possible that, in addition to the alkyl (oligo) glycosides of the general formula (I), free fatty alcohol R ^{1 contains} -OH, in which formula R ^{1 represents} a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched alkyl radical having 4 to 30 C atoms , The fatty alcohol can be present either from the production process, and / or separately added. R ¹ is preferably identical to the R ^{1 of} the general formula (I). The alkyl (oligo) glycosides are prepared, for example, by reacting fatty alcohols with glycoses in the presence of catalysts and elevated temperature. The unreacted amount of fatty alcohol is then removed by distillation. Depending on the extent of the distillation process, different amounts of fatty alcohol may remain in the final product. The alkyl (oligo) glycosides in the context of the present application may contain fatty alcohols in amounts of from 0.01 to 10% by weight, based on the weight of the alkyl (oligo) glycoside, amounts of between 1.0 and 6.0% by weight. % and in particular from 1.0 to 3.0 wt .-% may be preferred. It may be preferred that the weight ratio between the alkyl (oligo) glycosides of formula (I) and the fatty alcohols in the surfactant mixtures is in the range of 99: 1 to 85:15 and preferably in the range of 99: 1 to 95: 5 and more preferably in the range of 99: 1 to 97: 3.

The Components (a) and (b) of the surfactant mixtures can in principle be used in any desired Blends next to each other, but such mixtures are preferred in which the alkyl (oligo) glycosides predominate in terms of quantity. In this case, preference is given to those surfactant mixtures which comprise the alkanolamine soaps (a) in amounts of from 0.5 to 25% by weight, preferably from 2 to 20% by weight, and in particular from 5 to 15% by weight, based on the weight of the total Mixture included.

The Alkyl (oligo) glycosides of the general formula (I) are preferred in amounts of 99 to 40 wt .-%, based on the weight the entire surfactant mixture. The weight ratio hisses the component (a) and (b) may preferably be in the range of 10: 1 to 1:10, preferably from 5: 1 to 1: 5 and especially from 1: 8 to 1: 2 and especially here 1: 4 to 1: 2 lie. The weight ratio 1: 1 may also be present. However, preference is given to those mixtures in which the component (b), ie the alkyl (oligo) glycoside in larger amounts by weight compared to Component (a), the Alkanolaminseifen is present.

Next the compulsory components (a) and (b), the surfactant mixtures of present application optionally contain further ingredients, such as other surfactants, water or fatty alcohols.

When additionally contained surfactants are anionic, nonionic, amphoteric and cationic surfactants in question. Preference is given to such surfactant mixtures, the other nonionic surfactants (except the alky (oliog) glycosides) and / or other anionic surfactants (except the alkanolamine soaps) contain.

Nonionic surfactants

nonionic Surfactants are surfactants with an uncharged, in the neutral pH range no ionic charge-bearing, polar, hydrophilic, water-solubilizing Headgroup (unlike the anionic surfactants and cationic surfactants), the at interfaces adsorbed and above the critical micelle concentration aggregated to neutral micelles.

For this counting Fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers (fatty alcohol ethoxylates), alkylphenol polyglycol ethers and fatty acid ethoxylates, Fatty amine ethoxylates, ethoxylated triacylglycerols and so-called mixed ethers (double-sidedly alkylated polyethylene glycol ethers) and amine oxides, in particular alkyldimethylamine oxides.

Particularly preferred are the fatty alcohol alkoxylates, ie addition products of alkoxides to fatty alcohols. These preferably follow the formula (II), R ² O (CH ₂ CH ₂ O) _n (C ₃ H ₆ O) _m -H (II) in which R ^{2 is} a linear or branched alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms and n and is from 1 to 50 and m is zero, or a number from 1 to 50.

typical Examples are the adducts of on average 1 to 50, preferably 5 to 40 and especially 10 to 25 moles of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide caproic alcohol, caprylic alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, capric alcohol, Lauryl alcohol, isotridecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, Palmoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, Elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, arachyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, Erucyl alcohol and brassidyl alcohol and their technical mixtures, the z. B. in the high pressure hydrogenation of technical methyl esters based on fats and oils or aldehydes from Roelen's Oxosynthesis and as a monomer fraction in the dimerization of unsaturated Incurred fatty alcohols.

Prefers are adducts of 1 to 40 moles of ethylene oxide with technical fatty alcohols with 12 to 18 carbon atoms, such as coconut, palm, Palm kernel or tallow fatty alcohol. Also preferred are adducts, between 1 to 40 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 to 20 moles of propylene oxide contain. The indices n and m stand for fractional as well as integer numbers. Broken numbers occur when the alkoxylates are mixed different alkoxylated homologs are present and the degree of alkoxylation arithmetic is determined.

The sequence of the ethylene oxide and propylene oxide groups can be random ("random") or carried out in separate blocks. The general formula (II) comprises all these alternatives, and thus also a general formula R ² O (C ₃ H ₆ O) _m (C ₂ H ₄ O) _n -H where m and n are those mentioned in the formula (II) Meaning, or even molecules with randomly distribute ethylene oxide and propylene oxide groups.

Especially contain preferred alkoxylates in the context of the general formula (II) necessarily ethylene oxide and propylene oxide groups side by side, wherein n then a number between 1 and 15, preferably 2 to 6 and m one Number between 1 and 8, preferably 1 and 4 can take. It applies in general as preferred that in the case of Mischalkoxylaten the proportion of propylene oxide is less than the proportion of ethylene oxide.

Independently of those alkoxylates are preferred in which the alkoxylates as blocks in a row present, as by reacting the fatty alcohols first with the one alkoxide and then can be achieved with the second structurally different alkoxide can. Alkoxides of the formula (I) which first block with propylene oxide and then reacted blockwise with ethylene oxide may be preferred as well as those first with a block of propylene oxide and then reacted with a block of ethylene oxide.

Also Preference is given to purely ethoxylated compounds of the general formula (II), in which m is then zero, where n here in particular values of 1 to 25, and preferably from 2 to 15 and 2 to 10, respectively.

there Such surfactant mixtures are advantageous in which the nonionic Surfactants and preferably the fatty alcohol alkoxylates of the general Formula (11) in amounts of 1 to 40, preferably 5 to 25 wt .-% and in particular from 6 to 15 wt .-% are included. But it can Also preferred is that the surfactant mixtures free of nonionic Surfactants with the exception of the alkyl (oligo) glycosides (b) are.

Anionic surfactants

typical examples for anionic surfactants as used in the surfactant mixtures described herein may be included are soaps (without alkanolamine soaps), alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkanesulfonates, Olefinsulfonates, alkyl ether sulfonates, glycerol ether sulfonates, α-methyl ester sulfonates, sulfofatty, Alkyl sulfates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, glycerol ether sulfates, hydroxy mixed ether sulfates, Monoglyceride (ether) sulfate, fatty acid amide (ether) sulfate, mono- and dialkyl sulfosuccinates, mono- and dialkyl sulfosuccinamates, sulfotriglycerides, amide soaps, ether and their salts, fatty acid isethionates, fatty acid sarcosinates, taurides, N-acyl amino acids such as acyl lactylates, acyl tartrates, acyl glutamates and Acylaspartates, alkyl oligoglucoside sulphates, protein fatty acid condensates (in particular vegetable products based on wheat) and alkyl (ether) phosphates. If the anionic surfactants contain polyglycol ether chains, can this a conventional, but preferably a narrow homolog distribution exhibit. Preferably, alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkyl sulfates, Soaps (as far as different from alkanolamine soaps), alkanesulfonates, olefinsulfonates, Methyl ester sulfonates and mixtures used.

The additionally contained anionic surfactants are preferably selected from the group of linear alkyl sulfates. The surfactant mixture included preferably further anionic surfactants - other than the aminoalkanol soaps (a) - in Amounts of 1 to 40, preferably 5 to 25 wt .-%, based on the Weight of the total surfactant mixture. It can still be beneficial be that the quantity ratio between alkyl (oligo) glycosides and anionic surfactants in the range from 10: 1 to 1: 4, and preferably from 9: 1 to 1: 3 and 8: 1 to 1: 2 and in particular from 2: 1 to 1: 1 is set. A weight ratio of 1: 1 is particularly preferred.

The proportions between the alkyl (oligo) glycosides, the soaps and other anionic surfactants are advantageously in the range of 10: 1: 10 to 1: 1: 1 and preferably from 8: 1: 8 to 4: 1: 4 and especially 2: 1: 2. Also but can also be the ratio of 1: 1: 1 to 3: 1: 2. However, it may also be preferred for the surfactant mixtures to be completely free of anionic surfactants other than alkanolamine soaps (a) are.

The Surfactant mixtures are preferably prepared by adding the ingredients (a) and (b) are mixed together in all manner known to those skilled in the art. Since the soaps can also form in situ, it is possible to use alkyl (oligo) glycosides, fatty acids and mixing together an alkanolamine to form the final mixtures to obtain.

It is possible, that the surfactant mixtures only from the component (a) and (b) alone consist. Also possible It is that in addition to the components (a) and (b) only fatty alcohols are included.

Prefers are such surfactant mixtures consisting only of components (a) and (b) and in addition to at most 8.0% by weight, preferably up to 6.0% by weight and especially preferably up to 3.0 wt .-% of fatty alcohols, wherein the Balance to 100% by weight then water.

The Surfactant mixtures can as a solid, paste or as a liquid available. It is preferred to formulate them in the form of aqueous solutions. These solutions then contain, based on the total weight of the solution between 0.1 to 60 wt .-% of the surfactant mixtures according to the above description, wherein Contents of 0.5 to 50 wt .-% and 5 to 45 wt .-% and preferably 5 to 25 wt .-% may be preferred. But it is also possible that the surfactant mixtures are anhydrous, in which case water contents from 0.01 to 0.1 wt .-% can be measured.

preferred Surfactant mixtures contain between 70 and 97% by weight of alkyl (oliog) glycosides, 3 and 30% by weight of alkanolamine soap, 0 to 6% by weight of fatty alcohols, 0 to 15 wt .-% fatty alcohol alkoxylates and 0 to 5 wt .-% water or contain between 85 and 97% by weight of alkyl (oligo) glycosides, 3 and 15% by weight of alkanolamine soap, 0 to 5% by weight of fatty alcohols, 0 to 10 wt .-% fatty alcohol alkoxylates and 0 to 5 wt .-% water. Also preferred are surfactant mixtures only from those mentioned Ingredients exist.

The Surfactant mixtures can but also with others in detergents and cleaners or cosmetic Means usual Ingredients are made up. In this case, the surfactant mixtures on dried, extruded, granulated, be pasted or tableted.

The Surfactant mixtures according to the above Description can for the production of all types of solid or liquid washing and detergents, but also for the production of solid or liquid cosmetic Funds are used. They are also suitable as emulsifiers for one Variety of technical applications. The surfactant mixtures of the present Registration are also characterized by an improved washing or Cleaning performance from opposite other, known mixtures of surface-active compounds.

Claims (30)

A surfactant mixture comprising (a) at least one alkanolamine soap (b) at least one alkyl (oligo) glycoside of the general formula R ¹ O- [G] _p (I) in which R ^{1 is} an alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, G is a sugar radical having 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p is a number from 1 to 10 Surfactant mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that as component (a) the soaps of monoethanolamine with linear Monocarboxylic acids with 12 to 18 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof are selected. Surfactant mixture according to one or more of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that as alkyl (oligo) glycosides those of general formula (I) are selected in which R ^{1 has} 12 to 18 carbon atoms. Surfactant mixture according to one or more of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that as alkyl (oligo) glycosides those of general formula (I) are selected in which R ^{1 has} 12 to 16 carbon atoms. Surfactant mixture according to one or more of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that as alkyl (oligo) glycosides those of general formula (I) are selected in which R ^{1 has} 12 to 14 carbon atoms. Surfactant mixture according to one or more of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that as alkyl (oligo) glycosides those of the general formula (1) are selected in which R ^{1 has} 16 to 18 carbon atoms. Surfactant mixture according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that such alkyl (oligo) glycosides of general formula (I) selected are where p is a number from 1.10 to 1.20. Surfactant mixture according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that alkyl (oligo) glycosides of the general formula (I) are selected in which R ^{1 is} alkyl radicals having 12 to 14 carbon atoms and p is a number of 1, 10 to 1.20, preferably from 1.16 to 1.19. Surfactant mixture according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the alkyl (oligo) glycosides of the formula (I) only alkyl radicals having 12 and 14, or 12 and 16 or 12 and 18 or contain 16 and 18 carbon atoms. Surfactant mixture according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the alkyl (oligo) glycosides a HLB value in the range of 7.0 to 15.5, preferably from 10.0 to 14.5 and preferably from 10.0 to 13.5. Surfactant mixture according to one or more of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the alkyl (oligo) glycosides a surface tension measured after 100 s from 50 to 80 mN / m and preferably from 60 to 75 mN / m. Surfactant mixture according to one or more of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the alkanolamine soaps (a) in quantities from 0.5 to 25% by weight, preferably from 2 to 20% by weight, and in particular of 5 to 15 parts by weight 5, are included based on the weight of the entire mixture. Surfactant mixture according to one or more of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that in addition to the alkyl (oligo) glycosides of the general formula (I) are also fatty alcohols of the general formula R ¹ -OH, wherein the alkyl radicals of the alkyl (oligo) glycosides and the fatty alcohols are the same. Surfactant mixtures according to one or more of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the alkyl (oligo) glycosides of the general Formula (I) are contained in amounts of 99 to 40 wt .-%, based on the weight of the total surfactant mixture. Surfactant mixture according to one or more of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the weight ratio hiss the component (a) and (b) in the range of 10: 1 to 1:10, preferably from 5: 1 to 1: 5 and especially from 1: 8 to 1: 2. Surfactant mixture according to one or more of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the weight ratio between the alkyl (oligo) glycosides of the formula (I) and the fatty alcohols is in the range from 99: 1 to 85:15 and preferably in the range from 99: 1 to 95: 5 and more preferably in the range from 99: 1 to 97: 3rd Surfactant mixture according to one or more of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the surfactant mixtures even more Containing surfactants selected from the group of nonionic and / or anionic surfactants. Surfactant mixture according to one or more of Claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the surfactant mixtures comprise fatty alcohol alkoxylates of the general formula (II), R ² O (CH ₂ CH ₂ O) _n (C ₃ H ₆ O) _m -H (II) in which R ^{2 is} a linear or branched alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms and n and is from 1 to 50 and m is zero, or a number from 1 to 50. Surfactant mixture according to Claim 18, characterized that the fatty alcohol alkoxylates of the general formula (II) in quantities from 1 to 40, preferably 5 to 25 wt .-% and in particular of 6 to 15 wt .-% are included. Surfactant mixture according to one or more of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the surfactant mixture anionic surfactants preferably selected from the group of linear alkyl sulfates. Surfactant mixture according to one or more of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the surfactant mixture anionic surfactants - other as the aminoalkanol soaps (a) - in Contains quantities of 1 to 40, preferably 5 to 25 wt .-%. Surfactant mixture according to one or more of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the quantitative ratio between alkyl (oligo) glycosides and anionic surfactants in the range of 10: 1 to 1: 4, and preferably from 8: 1 to 1: 2 and especially from 2: 1 to 1: 1. Surfactant mixture according to one or more of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the proportions between the alkyl (oligo) glycosides, the soaps and other anionic surfactants in the range of 10: 1: 10 to 1: 1: 1 and preferably from 8: 1: 8 to 4: 1: 4. Surfactant mixture according to one or more of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that it is free of nonionic surfactants with the exception of the alkyl (oligo) glycosides (b). Surfactant mixture according to one or more of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that they are free of anionic surfactants with the exception of alkanolamine soaps (a). Surfactant mixtures according to one or more of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that it consists only of the components (a) and (b) and up to a maximum of 8.0% by weight, preferably up to 6.0% by weight and more preferably up to 3.0% by weight of fatty alcohols, the remainder being up to 100% by weight of water. Surfactant mixtures according to one or more of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that it contains between 0.5 and 50% by weight Contain water. Surfactant mixtures according to one or more of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that they are anhydrous. Surfactant mixtures according to one or more of claims 1 to 28, characterized in that it contains between 70 and 97% by weight of alkyl (oligo) glycosides, 3 and 30 wt .-% of alkanolamine soap, 0 to 6 wt .-% fatty alcohols, 0 to 15 wt .-% fatty alcohol alkoxylates and 0 to 5 wt .-% water. Surfactant mixture according to one or more of Claims 1 to 29, characterized in that it contains between 85 and 97% by weight of alkyl (oligo) glycosides, 3 and 15% by weight of alkanolamine soap, 0 to 5% by weight. Fatty alcohols, 0 to 10 wt .-% fatty alcohol alkoxylates and 0 to 5 wt .-% water.