DE102009023204A1 - Torque measurement on rail-mounted axles as well as synchronization, speed, temperature, oscillation behavior of the axes and storage and monitoring of the data by computer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention includes a torque measurement on rail-bound axes as well as synchronization, speed, temperature, vibration behavior of the axes and storage and monitoring of the data by computer

Description

The invention relates to a mechanical-electronic measuring method on rail-bound axles for determining the torsion forces, rotational speed, torque, vibration behavior. Acoustic emission measurement method is based on the recording of a fundamental sound spectrum in conjunction with a differential measurement. Every crystalline body has a characteristic sound spectrum when loaded. Changes in the microstructure change the sound spectrum. Application on a test bench to check and show the rail-bound axle for inclusions due to production errors.

One possible is the measurement of a phase difference on a toothed disc.

In analogy to the optical measurement of a torsional angle of the shaft, this angle is measured in the following image by means of two toothed disks or gears and inductive pickups.

The torque proportional signal results from the phase difference of the individual signals of the transducer. Of course, the system can simultaneously serve for speed detection.

1 shows a plan view of a shaft on which two sensors are arranged;

2 shows a side view of 1 along the axis of the shaft

3 is a sectional view of the sensor as shown in FIG 1 and 2 is used;

4 is a Schitt view with a wheel set shaft with two pairs of sensors, a few of which are arranged between the wheel discs and the second on the shaft head.

5A is a procedure of the method

5B is another procedure of the method

6 Diagram of torque measurement with two toothed disks and two inductive pickups

7 Torque measurement on optical basis with toothed disks (light source S, receiver D)

8th Torque measurement on an optical basis with reflection bands (light source S, detector D)

An opto-electronic system for measuring the torque and speed of a rotating shaft uses two toothed pulleys, which twist against each other under torsion. In Wellenachsrichtung a photocell and a photodiode are arranged in front of and behind the toothed disks.

When the discs are rotated, the edges shift. The duration of the light receiver of the phototransistor is dependent on the edge position and thus a function of the torque.

In a second version of this measuring system, the light signal is transmitted to bands with optically reflective and non-reflective zones. Again, the angle of rotation of the shaft between the bands causes a change in the reflection duration of the light signal, which can be used as a torque-proportional signal.

Claims (8)

Rail vehicle wheel set comprising a wheel set shaft with two wheel disks, comprising: - At least two sensors, which are spaced from each other along the wheelset shaft, each comprising a transducer and a sensor, one of which is arranged non-rotating and the other is arranged to rotate with the shaft; wherein the encoder extends annularly around the wheelset shaft or disc-shaped is arranged on the front side of the axle, and wherein the encoder radially arranged, having an alternating signal behavior generating fields; wherein the measurer detects the alternation of the fields and generates a signal; - A comparison unit which compares the signals of the two sensors together, and generates a warning message when the signals differ by a predetermined threshold. Rail vehicle wheel set according to the preceding claim, wherein the encoder is fixedly mounted on the head of the wheel set shaft and rotates therewith. Rail vehicle wheel set according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the sensors perform an optical detection and / or electromagnetic detection. A method of detecting damage to a rail vehicle wheel set comprising a wheel set shaft with two wheel disks, further comprising at least two sensors, which are spaced from each other along the axle, each comprising a transducer and a sensor, one of which is arranged non-rotating is and the other is arranged to rotate with the shaft, wherein the encoder extends annularly around the wheelset shaft or disc-shaped is arranged on the front side of the axle, and wherein the encoder radially arranged, having an alternating signal behavior generating fields, wherein the measuring sensor alternating the Fields detected and generates a signal, and a comparison unit, comprising the steps of: - Receiving the signals from both sensors, comparing the two signals, by the comparison unit; - Generating a warning if a deviation is detected during comparison, which is above a predetermined threshold, and generates a warning message when the signals differ by a predetermined threshold. Method according to the preceding claim, wherein each sensor is connected to a comparison unit which receives the data from the other sensor in order to make the calculations redundant. The method of one or more of the preceding two claims, wherein the communication is to a central system. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the sensors perform an optical detection and / or electromagnetic detection. Use of a device according to claim 1 for detecting damage to a rail vehicle wheel set.

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