CN106092310A - A kind of automotive transmission vibration noise off-line test method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of automotive transmission vibration noise off-line test method, comprise the steps: 1) access at the input of variator to be measured and drive motor, two outfans at variator to be measured connect loading motor respectively；2) input at variator to be measured installs rotary speed torque sensor and tacho-pulse sensor, installs vibration acceleration sensor on mission case to be measured；3) obtain the rotational speed pulse signal of input, and obtain vibration acceleration signal, and input the analyser that rolls off the production line；4) obtain and rotating speed characteristic of correspondence order section spectrum and time domain root-mean-square value；5) dividing Rotating speed measring interval, feature order section spectrum and time domain root-mean-square value contrast with reference to spectral line, the most qualified to judge variator vibration noise.The present invention can automatically analyze out variator with or without vibration noise defect by extracting vibration signal and the validity feature information of tach signal.

Description

A kind of automotive transmission vibration noise off-line test method

Technical field

The present invention relates to auto NVH (vibration, noise, sound vibration roughness) detection technique field, particularly relate to a kind of automobile Variator vibration noise off-line test method.

Background technology

Automotive transmission is important parts in its power train, and it carries the transmission of power and changes automobile biography Dynamic is the work of speed ratio.In the work process of variator, the exception of any one parts all can cause transmission duty abnormal, Thus cause transmission noise or initial failure.Raising car steering impression required recently as people, the NVH of automobile Problem more and more causes the concern of engineer, and the NVH problem of variator is also the important portion of vehicle complete vehicle NVH problem Point.For variator manufacturing enterprise, the bench detection of variator relies primarily on operator to variator at bench detection Noise carry out subjective judgment, it is difficult to quantitatively evaluating variator operating condition, easily cause misjudgement and erroneous judgement.Simultaneously, because do not have Objective vibration test equipment, also brings the biggest difficulty for fault diagnosis from now on.

Automotive transmission howling is the pure tone of a kind of high frequency, is therefore easy to by ear recognition.Along with automobile primary Wanting reduction and client's raising to automobile sound quality requirements of noise, the control of howling is very urgent.When variator manufacture fills After having joined, need effectively to identify its vibration and howling quality before it is passed to client.The generally recognized howling Technology is to investigate its howling in the gear mesh vibration characteristic measuring variator on vibration detection stand that rolls off the production line, with traditional Subjective detection by human auditory system is compared, and this is more advanced and reliable method.The difficult point of the method is how to use one Effective vibration signal detection method extracts the characteristic information of measurand.

Summary of the invention

For deficiencies of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of automotive transmission vibration noise Off-line test method, it is possible to by extracting vibration signal and the validity feature information of tach signal, utilize self study and rotating speed to divide The method of span diagnostic, automatically analyzes out variator with or without vibration noise defect.

In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is such that a kind of automotive transmission vibration Noise off-line test method, it is characterised in that: comprise the steps:

1) input at variator to be measured accesses and drives motor, by driving motor to provide driving force；Meanwhile, to be measured Two outfans of variator connect loading motor respectively, by two loading motors offer load torques, thus the reality of simulated automotive Border driving cycle；

2) input at variator to be measured installs rotary speed torque sensor and tacho-pulse sensor, and in speed change to be measured Vibration acceleration sensor is installed on device casing；

3) obtained the rotational speed pulse signal of input by tacho-pulse sensor, and obtained by vibration acceleration sensor Vibration acceleration signal, then inputs after the rotational speed pulse signal obtained and the amplified and filtered process of vibration acceleration signal Data acquisition unit, then convert analog signals into digital signal by data acquisition unit and input is rolled off the production line analyser；

4) analyser that rolls off the production line utilizes the rotational speed pulse signal obtained vibration signal to carry out angular domain resampling to obtain order Spectrum, obtains and rotating speed characteristic of correspondence order section spectrum and time domain root-mean-square value simultaneously；

5) dividing Rotating speed measring interval, the rotating speed according to user setup is interval, by step 4 in each rotating speed interval) obtain The feature order section spectrum obtained and time domain root-mean-square value contrast with reference to spectral line, whether to judge variator vibration noise Qualified.

Further, step 5) in reference spectral line generated by analyser self study of rolling off the production line, each detection interval self study ginseng Examine spectral line generation method as follows:

The analyser that rolls off the production line can gather a certain amount of variator sample data under same test operating mode automatically, the number gathered According to processing after filtering and angular domain resampling, then it is fourier transformed and obtains feature order section spectrum, interval according to each rotating speed In feature order section sample data, calculate its standard deviation S, and according to actually used situation, make spectral line overall relative to Zero line does side-play amount and adjusts, and i.e. obtains with reference to spectral line:

$Limitvalue=\stackrel{\‾}{X}+\mathrm{\σ}S+\mathrm{\Δ};$

In formula:For average；X_iFor the amplitude that every order point is corresponding；N is order point number；σ is the mark that each order is corresponding Quasi-difference coefficient, Δ is the translational movement of each order average；

Wherein, average and standard deviation are carried out process obtained by the spectrum arrays of cutting into slices of the order in rotating speed interval:

$\stackrel{\‾}{X}=\frac{{\mathrm{\ΣX}}_i}{N};S=\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{\Σ}{(X_i-\stackrel{\‾}{X})}^2}{N-1}}.$

Compared with prior art, present invention have the advantage that

1, the automotive transmission vibration noise off-line test method of the present invention, utilizes the analyser self-learning method that rolls off the production line automatic Set up reference value (with reference to spectral line) for tested sample, greatly reduce difficulty and the workload of the calibration of variator off-line test；And The method that feature order section spectrum and time domain root-mean-square value carry out the diagnosis of rotating speed by stages is used to make detection more targeted, inspection Survey accuracy higher.

2, the present invention can greatly reduce tradition main by the operating condition of quantization method objective evaluation automotive transmission See and evaluate the misjudgement and erroneous judgement caused, provide a kind of effective ways for the detection of automotive transmission vibration noise outgoing.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of automotive transmission off-line test stand.

Fig. 2 is characterized order spectrum detection rotating speed interval division schematic diagram.

In figure: 1 variator to be measured, 2 drive motor, 3 loading motors, 4 rotary speed torque sensors, 5 rotating speeds Impulser, 6 vibration acceleration sensors, 7 control systems, 8 data acquisition units, 9 roll off the production line analyser.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.

Embodiment: see Fig. 1, a kind of automotive transmission vibration noise off-line test method, comprise the steps:

1) input at variator 1 to be measured accesses and drives motor 2, by driving motor 2 to provide driving force；Meanwhile, exist Two outfans of variator 1 to be measured connect a loading motor 3 respectively, provide load torque by two loading motors 3, thus simulate vapour The Real-road Driving Cycle of car；Utilize and drive motor 2 to replace electromotor, utilize load motor to replace wheel, thus be speed change to be measured Device 1 provides the test condition approaching actual operating mode, preferably to reproduce vibration noise produced by variator.It is embodied as Time, described driving motor 2 and two loading motors 3 are controlled by control system 7.

2) input at variator 1 to be measured installs rotary speed torque sensor 4 and tacho-pulse sensor 5, and to be measured Vibration acceleration sensor 6 is installed on variator 1 casing；By the rotating speed moment of torsion of rotary speed torque sensor 4 monitoring input, to protect The repeatability of card detection operating mode and controllability, thus ensure that detection stand is one to the detection operating mode of each variator sample Cause.

3) obtained the rotational speed pulse signal of input by tacho-pulse sensor 5, and obtained by vibration acceleration sensor 6 Take (variator 1 to be measured) vibration acceleration signal, then by the rotational speed pulse signal of acquisition and vibration acceleration signal through putting Input data acquisition unit 8 after big and Filtering Processing, then pass through data acquisition unit 8 and convert analog signals into digital signal and input Roll off the production line analyser 9.

4) analyser 9 that rolls off the production line utilizes the rotational speed pulse signal obtained vibration signal to carry out interpolation and angular domain resampling to obtain Obtain order spectrum, obtain simultaneously and compose and time domain root-mean-square value with the section of rotating speed characteristic of correspondence order.Wherein:

Order spectrum, the acquisition of feature order section spectrum:

Gathered vibration signal by fixed sampling frequency continuous synchronization and rotational speed pulse signal (i.e. carries out constant duration to adopt Sample), obtain rotating speed and instantaneous frequency according to rotational speed pulse signal, utilize filtering interpolation method to obtain equal angle sample time-series, then By anti-aliasing digital filtering and interpolation resampling method, obtain vibrating (the most equiangularly spaced vibration of equiangular sampling signal Signal), finally obtain the order spectrum of vibration signal and the order section spectrum of each order；As required, select to need the rank of monitoring Secondary section spectrum, i.e. obtains feature order section spectrum.

The acquisition of vibration signal time domain root-mean-square value:

Vibration signal discrete-time series x for finite length₀,x₁,x₂,…x_n-1, its time domain root-mean-square value is:

$x_{rms}={\left(\frac{1}{N}\underset{i=0}{\overset{N-1}{\Σ}}{x}_i^2\right)}^{1/2}.$

5) Rotating speed measring is divided interval, due to the feelings of the vibration noise problem that variator causes in the different ranges of speeds Condition is different；The analyser 9 that rolls off the production line allows user different according to the emphasis paying close attention to the operating mode that variator runs, and arranges multiple rotating speed district Between tested sample carried out by stages study and diagnosis, and rotating speed diagnosis is interval can be overlapping, so make detection more have pin To property.

Rotating speed according to user setup is interval, by step 4 in each rotating speed interval) the feature order section spectrum that obtains with And time domain root-mean-square value contrasts with reference to spectral line, the most qualified to judge variator vibration noise.

Wherein, the reference value (with reference to spectral line) of vibration noise index (including order section spectrum and time domain root-mean-square value) based on Statistical principle self study generates；Reference value after the rotating speed interval classification learning that the analyser that rolls off the production line divides according to user is profit Obtain with mathematical statistics algorithm.

The interval self study of each detection is with reference to spectral line generation method:

The self-learning function of analyser of rolling off the production line utilizes nS+ Δ principle to realize, and the analyser that rolls off the production line can gather phase automatically With a certain amount of variator individual specimen data (such as 100 samples) under measurement condition, data (signal) warp gathered Cross Filtering Processing and angular domain resampling, be then fourier transformed obtain feature order section spectrum (gear or the bearing of concern are nibbled Close order), according to the feature order section sample data in each rotating speed interval, utilize mathematical statistics method to calculate its standard deviation S, and according to actually used situation, make spectral line entirety do side-play amount relative to zero line and adjust, i.e. obtain with reference to spectral line.

Carried out process by mathematical statistics method, average and standard deviation by the order section spectrum array in rotating speed interval to obtain:

$\stackrel{\‾}{x}=\frac{{\mathrm{\ΣX}}_i}{N};S=\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{\Σ}{(X_i-\stackrel{\‾}{X})}^2}{N-1}};$

Final by formula below generation reference spectral line:

$Limitvalue=\stackrel{\‾}{X}+\mathrm{\σ}S+\mathrm{\Δ};$

In formula:For average；X_iFor the amplitude that every order point is corresponding；N is order point number；σ is the mark that each order is corresponding Quasi-difference coefficient, Δ is the translational movement of each order average.

Such as: generate based on setting 100 sample record with reference to spectral line, 100 variator sample numbers are first gathered According to, for these 100 samples, each rotating speed of user setup is interval to 100 should be had to cut with the feature order of rotation speed change Sheet is composed, and corresponding spectral line point in order section spectrum is taken out successively according to rotating speed coordinate by the analyser that rolls off the production line when self study, group Becoming the new array of 100 elements, all of point of the most each array corresponds to a rotating speed coordinate moment.

In order to ensure the product stability in certain time period, use " type of respiration " learning method, line analysis instrument the most instantly After full 100 samples of study, when testing the 101st sample, when study, the 101st sample is added study pond, subtract simultaneously Go the data of the 1st sample.Accuracy for making detection is higher, after self study, can artificially regulate the parameter (bag with reference to spectral line Include section order amplitude and time domain root-mean-square value).

During detection, structure and revolving property according to exemplar are easy to calculate its feature order and frequency multiplication, thus The exemplar a certain order amplitude information with rotating speed course can be obtained by the method for order section, due to human auditory system, Not the sense of discomfort of the operating point human ear of amplitude maximum is the strongest, thus user is first depending on people's subjective feeling, to the feature paid close attention to Order carries out speed conditions interval division, then by data process the analyser that rolls off the production line individually each interval is carried out self study from And generate limit value, the most targeted.

As a kind of embodiment, such as Fig. 2, vehicle bridge master subtracts test result and detection sample division, the main reducing gear of sample The driving gear number of teeth is 9 teeth, so main reducing gear howling noise is mainly by 9 rank, 18 rank, 27 rank, 36 rank etc. represent, in figure Being the 9 rank vibration amplitudes change curves with rotating speed, subjective evaluation result finds that it is at 2500rpm to 3250rpm rotating speed interval model Enclose interior human ear sensation the most obvious, so this rotating speed interval being individually created limit value detect more specific aim, certainly other After interval standard limit is loosened to a certain degree, if test sample amplitude exceedes standard limit, the analyser that rolls off the production line still can be reported Warn and export defective information, so the detection in other interval has assosting effect to the judgement that tested sample is good and bad.

It is last it should be noted that above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme rather than restriction technologies side Case, it will be understood by those within the art that, technical scheme is modified or equivalent by those, and Without departing from objective and the scope of the technical program, all should contain in the middle of scope of the presently claimed invention.

Claims (2)

1. an automotive transmission vibration noise off-line test method, it is characterised in that: comprise the steps:

1) input at variator to be measured accesses and drives motor, by driving motor to provide driving force；Meanwhile, in speed change to be measured Two outfans of device connect loading motor respectively, by two loading motors offer load torques, thus the actual row of simulated automotive Sail operating mode；

2) input at variator to be measured installs rotary speed torque sensor and tacho-pulse sensor, and in transmission case to be measured Vibration acceleration sensor is installed on body；

3) obtained the rotational speed pulse signal of input by tacho-pulse sensor, and obtain vibration by vibration acceleration sensor Acceleration signal, then inputs data by after the rotational speed pulse signal obtained and the amplified and filtered process of vibration acceleration signal Harvester, then convert analog signals into digital signal by data acquisition unit and input is rolled off the production line analyser；

4) analyser that rolls off the production line utilizes the rotational speed pulse signal obtained that vibration signal carries out angular domain resampling and composes to obtain order, with Time obtain with rotating speed characteristic of correspondence order section spectrum and time domain root-mean-square value；

5) dividing Rotating speed measring interval, the rotating speed according to user setup is interval, by step 4 in each rotating speed interval) obtain Feature order section spectrum and time domain root-mean-square value contrast with reference to spectral line, to judge whether variator vibration noise closes Lattice.

A kind of automotive transmission vibration noise off-line test method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 5) In reference spectral line generated by analyser self study of rolling off the production line, it is as follows that the interval self study of each detection generates method with reference to spectral line:

The analyser that rolls off the production line can gather a certain amount of variator sample data under same test operating mode automatically, the data warp gathered Cross Filtering Processing and angular domain resampling, be then fourier transformed and obtain feature order section spectrum, according in each rotating speed interval Feature order section sample data, calculates its standard deviation S, and according to actually used situation, makes spectral line overall relative to zero line Do side-play amount to adjust, i.e. obtain with reference to spectral line:

$Limitvalue=\stackrel{\‾}{X}+\mathrm{\σ}S+\mathrm{\Δ};$

In formula:For average；X_iFor the amplitude that every order point is corresponding；N is order point number；σ is the standard deviation system that each order is corresponding Number, Δ is the translational movement of each order average；

Wherein, average and standard deviation are carried out process obtained by the spectrum arrays of cutting into slices of the order in rotating speed interval:

$\stackrel{\‾}{X}=\frac{{\mathrm{\ΣX}}_i}{N};S=\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{\Σ}{(X_i-\stackrel{\‾}{X})}^2}{N-1}}.$