CN103221791A - Method for monitoring a rotary element belonging to a mechanical transmission of a wind turbine - Google Patents
Method for monitoring a rotary element belonging to a mechanical transmission of a wind turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN103221791A CN103221791A CN201180050076XA CN201180050076A CN103221791A CN 103221791 A CN103221791 A CN 103221791A CN 201180050076X A CN201180050076X A CN 201180050076XA CN 201180050076 A CN201180050076 A CN 201180050076A CN 103221791 A CN103221791 A CN 103221791A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H1/00—Measuring characteristics of vibrations in solids by using direct conduction to the detector
- G01H1/003—Measuring characteristics of vibrations in solids by using direct conduction to the detector of rotating machines
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method comprising the steps of: a) determining a signal that is representative of the instantaneous angular velocity of the rotary element over an acquisition period; b) sampling the signal representative of the angular velocity at a constant angular pitch over a predetermined number of samples; c) calculating the discrete Fourier transform of the signal representative of the angular velocity, sampled during step b), so as to obtain an order spectrum of the signal representative of the angular velocity; and d) detecting the fundamental frequency of the occurrence of a defect in the rotary element over the order spectrum of the signal representative of the angular velocity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that is used for monitoring the mechanical driving device rotary part of wind turbine, and relate to a kind of system that is used for monitoring the mechanical driving device rotary part of wind turbine.
Background technology
" rotary part " is construed as especially:
The axle system of-wind turbine,
The bearing of-bolster system,
Gear in the gear set of the increase gear of-wind turbine,
The rotor/stator bar of the engine of-wind turbine.
Especially, the purpose of monitoring rotary part is in order to detect the defective of these rotary parts, and the monitoring rotary part is an important problem to wind turbine management maintenance and the supply of material service time.
The known practice of prior art is accelerograph to be installed have the measurement result of the vibration of constant time step with acquisition on the housing of rotary part to be monitored, and described vibration is caused by defective and passes to accelerograph by housing through physical path.The defective of rotary part to be monitored produces periodic excitation, and the frequency that excitation occurs directly depends on the angular velocity of rotary part.In addition, filter the influence of physical path audient's multiparameter of these defectives, described parameter comprises the moment of torsion that puts on rotary part.
Only gather the measurement result with time correlation when the wind turbine service condition is stablized, especially, during sufficiently long collection, the angular velocity of rotary part must remain on predetermined acquisition window, acquisition window be determined in advance so that:
-periodic excitation does not expand to wide frequency band, and the width of frequency band depends on the angular velocity of rotary part,
Long enough is estimated with the reliable statistics that obtains development of defects trend during the-collection.
It should be noted, can not go the observations that relatively obtains from different acquisition windows.
Because the service condition of wind turbine is by wind,, therefore also be difficult to control so the stability of wind turbine operation extremely is subjected to the restriction of natural conditions.In other words, it is fixing usually to be applied to these conditions of angular velocity of moment of torsion on the rotary part and rotary part.
In addition, in the time will monitoring the increase gear of wind turbine, will monitor a large amount of frequencies, from one to another, wide apart.
Then need with the measurement collection of time correlation:
-high sample frequency to be being used for the earliest possible cycle excitation,
-high frequency resolution is to be used for the slowest periodic excitation and to be used to distinguish the very near periodic excitation of the frequency of occurrences.
The vibration signal that obtains from accelerograph is the convolution of periodic excitation, and described periodic excitation is produced by rotary part to be monitored transfer function by housing.Nowadays, the transfer function of housing is extremely responsive to mounting condition.Therefore, for the housing of two kinds of different mounting conditions, have the same parts of same defect and the wind turbine with same running speed, its monitoring result is obviously different.And the change of rotary part angular velocity means the change of the position of the periodic excitation frequency of occurrences, also therefore means the revision of accelerograph measurement level.
In addition, this and measurement collection time correlation can not detect the defective of (for example when wind turbine starts or stops) when appearing at the transition of wind turbine motor speed.In practice, as previously described, must carry out when stablizing in the wind turbine running with the measurement collection of time correlation, the speed transitional period itself is unsettled.
Moreover, the damping of periodic excitation to the physical path of accelerograph transmission do not allowed with single accelerograph whole system to be monitored.Especially, common way is to monitor whole axle with about ten accelerographs to be, this has caused the high maintenance cost and has also had difficulties aspect the signal of managing to be stored and processing.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve above-mentioned all or part defective, the present invention relates to a kind of method of rotary part of the mechanical driving device that is used for monitoring wind turbine, this method merits attention, and it comprises the steps:
-a) determine to gather during in the signal of expression rotary part instantaneous angular velocity,
-b) with the signal sampling definite sample number of constant angle distance to the expression instantaneous angular velocity,
-c) signal of the expression angular velocity of step b) sampling is carried out discrete Fourier transformation to calculate, with the rank frequency spectrum (spectre d ' ordre) of the signal that obtains expression angular velocity,
-d) basic frequency of defective appears based on the rank frequency spectrum detection rotary part of signal of expression angular velocity.
Therefore, so monitoring method makes it possible to the defective that the frequency of occurrences that the rank spectrum utilization based on the expression angular velocity signal is referred to as the defective of characteristic frequency detects rotary part.
The characteristic frequency of defective obtains by preliminary analysis usually, and particularly the geometric analysis by rotary part obtains.
Because the basic frequency that occurs perhaps is different from characteristic frequency, this monitoring method makes it possible to detect based near the rank frequency spectrum the characteristic frequency basic frequency of appearance.
Afterwards, monitoring has just obtained easily, and for example the amplitude of the rank frequency spectrum by following the tracks of the basic frequency that occurs obtains.
Such monitoring method is used with the signal of constant angle apart from the expression instantaneous angular velocity of sampling, make it possible to state (it is unfixed to adapt to the transition speed of the wind turbine) defective of the angular velocity of the state defective that is applied to the moment of torsion on the rotary part and rotary part is detected, using traditional accelerograph and time correlation acquisition system is impossible for carrying out vibration monitoring.
According to an embodiment, the rank frequency spectrum of angular velocity signal presents the frequency component of broadband type, and computing equipment is configured to windowing (w (i)) is applied to the signal of the expression angular velocity (ω (i)) of sampling, and described windowing is configured to remove the frequency component of broadband type.
Therefore, when the angular velocity of rotary part showed that macroscopic view with time correlation changes, described macroscopic view changed the frequency component that produces based on the broadband type of rank frequency spectrum.Therefore, although changing with the macroscopic view of time correlation appears in the angular velocity of rotary part, such monitoring method can both accurately detect the defective of rotary part.
According to a kind of embodiment, step b) comprises the steps:
The mean value of the signal of the expression instantaneous angular velocity during gathering that-calculation procedure is determined in a),
-signal of determined expression instantaneous angular velocity in the step a) is replenished a plurality of points, each point has the value that equates substantially with the mean value of the signal of the expression instantaneous angular velocity of being calculated, the quantity of point be determined to be make sample the number limiting time at interval, this time interval is that the multiple during basic appears in defective.
Therefore, when stablizing on the angular velocity macroscopic view of rotary part, such monitoring method can overcome the effect that is called " fence effect " (Picket Fence Effect) that the signal of expression angular velocity to sampling carries out discrete Fourier transformation.
Advantageously, described monitoring method also comprises step:
The mean value of the instantaneous angular velocity signal in during-measurement is gathered,
Put on the mean value of the moment of torsion on the rotary part in during-measurement is gathered,
-signal of determined expression instantaneous angular velocity in step a) is carried out normalized with respect to the signal of representing reference angular velocities.
Therefore, for the simulated condition of the mean value of the mean value of the moment of torsion that puts on rotary part and rotary part angular velocity, with respect to the signal of the expression reference angular velocities of the signal of the expression instantaneous angular velocity of expression reference angular velocities signal, corresponding rotary part without any defective, can compare between them.So, use the life-span that such method just can be estimated rotary part.
According to variant embodiment, monitoring method also comprises step:
The mean value of the moment of torsion that-measurement applies during gathering,
-give at least one index for the appearance basic frequency of detection in during in step d), gathering, described index is preferably corresponding with the amplitude of rank frequency spectrum of basic frequency of the appearance that obtains in the step c), perhaps corresponding to the linear combination of the amplitude of the described rank frequency spectrum of the basic frequency harmonic wave that occurs.
-the interior index that is obtained during gathering is carried out normalized with respect to reference index.
Therefore, with respect to the simulated condition of the mean value of the angular velocity of the mean value of the moment of torsion that puts on rotary part and rotary part, with respect to the index of reference index, corresponding to reference index, can compare between them without any the rotary part of defective.Use such method and can estimate the life-span of rotary part.It should be noted, giving the index stage, can regulate the basic frequency that occurs.
Advantageously, the signal of the expression instantaneous angular velocity of determining during the step a) has maximum frequency, step b) comprises the step of selecting to be less than the sample frequency that doubles maximum frequency, and the step of the basic rank frequency spectrum that the defective of rotary part occurs is detected in the step d) alias zone of rank frequency spectrum that is included in the signal of the expression angular velocity that step c) obtains.
Thus, such method can detect the basic order frequency that the defective of the rotary part higher than Shannon frequency occurs.
According to an embodiment, the signal of the expression instantaneous angular velocity of determining in step a) is the acceleration signal with constant time step sampling, and step a) is included in the step of on the housing of rotary part accelerograph being installed.
Like this, influence relevant interference with constant angle apart from the angular velocity varies that can overcome the acceleration signal resampling with rotary part (as the axle system of wind turbine).
Preferably, step b) comprises the step to the acceleration signal interpolation.
According to variant embodiment, the signal of the expression instantaneous angular velocity that step a) is determined is the instantaneous angular velocity signal.
Therefore, such monitoring method can overcome the performance influence of the housing of rotary part.
Advantageously, step a) and step b) comprise the steps:
-step of velocity gauge is installed on rotary part, described velocity gauge transmits a series of pulses of the intermittent angle position of expression rotating element,
-measure by first high-frequency counter time interval between two rising edges (particularly continuous) of a series of pulses with high frequency clock.
Therefore, the time interval of measuring between two rising edges (particularly continuous rising edge) of a series of pulses can be determined instantaneous angular velocity and obtain sampling according to constant angular distance.
Advantageously, described monitoring method comprises the steps, promptly deducts during gathering two two continuous time intervals that rising edge is measured, represents the step of the signal of intermittent angle acceleration with acquisition.
Thereby the signal of above-mentioned expression intermittent angle acceleration can overcome the interference relevant with the existence of broadband type frequency component, and the existence of described broadband type frequency component has hindered and detect the basic frequency that defective occurs from the rank frequency spectrum of instantaneous angular velocity signal.
According to variant embodiment, monitoring method comprises step:
-during gathering in to the step of time interval of measuring between two rising edges summation, obtaining to be referred to as the signal with signal,
-to carrying out the step of interpolation with signal, preferred cubic spline interpolation, to obtain angle-function of time, described angle-function of time associates each the intermittent angle position and the time step of rotary part, and described time step is corresponding to the intersection (crossing) of each rising edge during gathering.
-with the constant time step position, described angle of sampling,
-diagonal angle-function of time carries out the differentiate of secondary time, with acquisition intermittent angle acceleration signal,
-described intermittent angle the acceleration signal of filtration on predetermined frequency band.
Therefore, described method also can overcome the relevant interference of existence with the frequency component of broadband type by filter the intermittent angle acceleration signal on the frequency band of broadband type, and the existence of the frequency component of described broadband type has hindered the detection of basic frequency of the appearance of defective.Square modulus of the intermittent angle signal after this filtration is referred to as envelope.
Next take a sample in the angular domain of envelope by the calculating of Fourier transform again and make it possible to obtain the angular spectrum envelope, described angular spectrum envelope is analyzed as the instantaneous velocity signal of rotary part.
According to an embodiment, step a) and step b) comprise the step by second high-frequency counter measuring intervals of TIME between first rising edge and second rising edge, second rising edge separates with first rising edge by rising edge in the middle of at least one, and the second counter preferably high frequency clock with first counter is relevant.
Thus, it can simulate the reduction of the angular resolution of velocity gauge, and the angular resolution of velocity gauge and the quantity of middle rising edge are inversely proportional to.So monitoring method makes it possible to only realize that with single velocity gauge the whole axle of wind turbine is to have same angular resolution synchronously.Relevant first counter and second counter to same high frequency clock allows to be used for simple embodiment, for example uses single numbered card.
The invention still further relates to the system of the mechanical driving device rotary part that is used for monitoring wind turbine, described monitoring system merits attention, and it comprises:
-interior rotary part instantaneous angular velocity signal the locking equipment really of representing during being arranged to be used for determine to gather,
-be configured to the sample devices of constant angle apart from the sample number that the signal sampling of expression angular velocity is determined,
-be configured to the signal of expression angular velocity of sampling is carried out the computing equipment that discrete Fourier transformation is calculated, obtaining the rank frequency spectrum of expression angular velocity signal,
-be arranged to the checkout equipment of the basic frequency that the rank frequency spectrum detection rotary part defective based on the signal of expression angular velocity occurs.
In one embodiment, the rank frequency spectrum of angular velocity signal is showed the frequency component of broadband type, and computing equipment is configured to the signal (ω (i)) of expression angular velocity that windowing (w (i)) is applied to sample, and windowing is configured to remove the frequency component of broadband type.
In one embodiment, sample devices is configured to:
The mean value of the signal of expression instantaneous angular velocity in during-calculating is gathered,
-signal of expression instantaneous angular velocity is replenished a plurality of points, each point has the value that equates substantially with the described mean value that calculates, and the number of point is specified to and makes the number of sample determine the time interval, and the described time interval is the multiple during defective occurs substantially.
In one embodiment, monitoring system also comprises:
-be used to measure during the collection in the equipment of mean value of instantaneous angular velocity signal,
-put on the equipment of the moment of torsion mean value of rotary part in being used to measure during the collection,
-be used for the signal of expression instantaneous angular velocity is carried out the equipment of normalized with respect to the signal of expression reference angular velocities.
In one embodiment, described monitoring system also comprises:
-be used to measure during the collection in the equipment of instantaneous angular velocity mean value,
-put on the equipment of the moment of torsion mean value of rotary part in being used to measure during the collection,
-appearance the basic frequency that detects in being used to during the collection is given the equipment of at least one index, described index is preferably corresponding with the amplitude of the rank frequency spectrum that basic frequency occurs, perhaps corresponding to the linear combination of the amplitude of the described rank frequency spectrum of the basic frequency harmonic wave that occurs.
-be used for the interior index that is obtained during gathering with respect to the equipment of reference index normalized.
It should be noted that the basic frequency that occurs can be adjusted when giving index.
In one embodiment, the signal of expression instantaneous angular velocity has maximum frequency, sample devices is configured to select the sample frequency less than doubling maximum frequency, and checkout equipment is configured to detect the basic frequency that the rotary part defective occurs in the alias zone of the rank frequency spectrum of the signal of expression angular velocity.
According to an embodiment, determine that equipment comprises:
-being installed in the velocity gauge on the rotary part, described velocity gauge transmits a series of pulses of the intermittent angle position of expression rotary part,
-being arranged to be used to measure first high-frequency counter in the time interval between two rising edges (especially continuous) of a series of pulses, first counter forms sample devices, and first counter has high frequency clock.
In one embodiment, computing equipment is configured to:
-time interval of measuring between interior two rising edges during gathering is sued for peace, obtaining to be referred to as the signal with signal,
-to and signal interpolation, preferably by cubic spline interpolation, to obtain angle-function of time, described angle-function of time associates each intermittent angle position and the time step of rotary part, described time step is corresponding to the intersection of interior each rising edge during gathering,
-with constant time step sampled in position, described angle,
-diagonal angle-function of time carries out the differentiate of secondary time, with acquisition intermittent angle acceleration signal,
-on predetermined frequency band, described intermittent angle acceleration signal is filtered.
Advantageously, determine that equipment comprises second high-frequency counter, described second high-frequency counter is arranged to be used to measure the time interval between first rising edge and second rising edge, second rising edge separates with first rising edge by rising edge in the middle of at least one, and the second counter preferably high frequency clock with first counter is relevant.
In one embodiment, described rotary part has housing, and described definite equipment comprises at least one accelerograph that is installed on the described housing.
Description of drawings
By following non-limiting example to specific descriptions according to the enforcement of the method for the rotary part of the mechanical driving device that is used for monitoring wind turbine of the present invention, and with reference to accompanying drawing, other features and advantages of the present invention will be more obvious, wherein:
-Fig. 1 is the instantaneous angular velocity signal (rotations per minute) of rotary part in during the gathering curve map according to a plurality of revolutions of velocity gauge;
-Fig. 2 is for carrying out the curve map of discrete Fourier transformation (rotations per minute) to the angular velocity signal shown in Fig. 1, wherein angular velocity signal as the function of order frequency (each revolution of representing velocity gauge herein) with constant angle apart from sampling;
-Fig. 3 is the curve map of the instantaneous angular velocity signal shown in Figure 1 behind the windowing;
-Fig. 4 is the curve map to angular velocity signal discrete Fourier transformation shown in Figure 3;
-Fig. 5 is used for velocity gauge is fixed on the upward view of member on the axle of wind turbine;
-Fig. 6 is the front view of member shown in Figure 5.
Embodiment
Monitoring method shown in Fig. 1-4 comprises the steps:
-a) determine to gather during in the instantaneous angular velocity signal of rotary part, be expressed as ω (shown in Figure 1),
-b) with constant angle apart to angular velocity signal ω definite sample number of sampling, at i
ThThe angular velocity signal of angular distance sampling is expressed as ω (i),
-c) angular velocity signal of being sampled in the step b) is carried out discrete Fourier transformation to calculate, with the rank frequency spectrum of acquisition angular velocity signal ω (i),
-the basic frequency that d) occurs based on the rank frequency spectrum detection rotary part defective of angular velocity signal ω (i).
Described step a) and step b) comprise:
-velocity gauge is installed on rotary part, described velocity gauge transmits a series of pulses of the intermittent angle position ω of expression rotary part,
-measure in a series of pulses time interval between two continuous rising edges by high-frequency counter, be expressed as Δ t (i).
Velocity gauge has frequency resolution, is expressed as R.High-frequency counter transmits shows that frequency (is expressed as F
H) clock signal.
The angular velocity signal ω (i) of sampling determines according to following equation:
The rank frequency spectrum that step c) obtained is showed the frequency component (shown in Figure 2) of broadband type, and step c) comprises the step to angular velocity signal ω (i) windowing (being expressed as w (i)) of step b) sampling, be preferably Hanning window, described windowing is configured to remove the frequency component of broadband type.
For this reason, consideration is at the angular velocity signal ω (i) of the time interval [a:b] sampling.
The step of using windowing comprises the initial step of angular velocity signal ω (i) mean value of removing sampling.The signal that is obtained (is expressed as ω
0(i)) satisfy following equation:
Use windowing w (i) then.The signal that is obtained (is expressed as ω
0fen(i)) satisfy following equation:
So, introduce the mean value of signal again, the signal that is obtained (is expressed as ω
Fen(i), as shown in Figure 3) satisfy following equation:
Monitoring method shown in Fig. 1-4 also can comprise following steps:
The mean value of the moment of torsion that is applied in during-measurement is gathered,
-basic frequency for the appearance that detects in the step d) during gathering is given at least one index,
Described index is preferably consistent with the amplitude of rank frequency spectrum of basic frequency of the appearance that obtained in the step c), perhaps corresponding to the linear combination of the amplitude of the basic frequency harmonic order frequency spectrum that occurs,
-with respect to the index normalized of reference index to interior acquisition during gathering.
More specifically, N the signal of the instantaneous velocity ω of expression rotary part in during consideration is gathered.Give index for each of a described N signal, be expressed as x (n), wherein n is an integer.Described index x (n) is corresponding to defective to be monitored.Apparently, if monitor a plurality of defectives, then give a plurality of indexs, each index is corresponding with a defective to be monitored.Also can give a plurality of indexs for to be monitored one or identical defective.For each signal x (n), measure the mean value of instantaneous angular velocity signal ω and the mean value of moment of torsion.The statistical estimation (as the Kurtosis variance) that also can use the signal (for example acceleration of wind or speed) from other types to obtain comes parameter normalization.The principle of normalized parameter statistical estimation goes to use with reference to the average velocity of instantaneous angular velocity signal ω then, and statistical estimation is expressed as v (n).
Therefore, " normalized parameter " this expression is construed as (not having difference):
The instantaneous velocity of rotation ω of-rotary part,
-put on the moment of torsion of rotary part,
The energy that-wind turbine produces,
The intermittent angle acceleration of-rotary part,
-wind speed.
In addition, term " statistical estimation " is interpreted as (not having difference): estimation
-mean value,
-variance.
From N signal, distinguish N
1Individual first signal, these N
1Individual first signal can be set up follow-up N
2The reference behavior of individual signal will be to described follow-up N
2Individual signal normalization (N=N
1+ N
2).
Term " normalization " is interpreted as concentrating and/or reducing, and has considered the mean value and the standard deviation of signal respectively.
At N
2Write down N before the individual signal
1Individual signal.Index x (n) is drawn as the function of v (n), wherein n≤N
1The average velocity that is obtained according to instantaneous angular velocity signal ω returns or average amplitude that interpolation method can index of estimate.Linear regression or piecewise linearity are estimated to can be used for from N
1Estimate reference function x (v) in the individual index.Estimate that for piecewise linearity the complon that the interval of the statistical estimate scanning by normalized parameter v (n) is subdivided into fixed size (needing not to be constant) is expressed as l at interval
1, l
2..., l
iFollowing relation is satisfied at this a little interval:
Described N
1Individual point is distributed between the different son intervals.For each son at interval, the mean value of the statistical estimation of the mean value of parameter and normalized parameter v (n) forms the coordinate of the point of the linear estimation of so-called referred fragment with acquisition.
Also can calculate a plurality of statistical estimations of a plurality of indexs, for example mean value and variance, and the mean value of the statistical estimation of normalized parameter v (n) are to obtain to form the coordinate of the point that the called reference piecewise linearity estimates.These generate reference function x (v) with reference to estimating by linear interpolation.
Reference function x
1(v) and x
2(estimation v) is such function, and it associates the statistical estimation of mean value and empiric variance and normalized parameter v (n) respectively.N
1The statistical estimation of the normalized parameter v (n) of individual signal can utilize from reference function x
1(v) and x
2(the mean value normalization N of the index that v) estimates
2The index of individual signal.The operation of concentrating and/or reducing index that is understood to include of " normalization " is described here once more.
If the normalization index expression is x
Norm, the relational expression below then satisfying:
Then, observe the normalization index in chronological order,, for example pass through histogram so that can monitor the rotary part under the running status.Threshold value can be provided with and in placely part occur with trend or the defective that highlights defective.
Accompanying drawing 5 and 6 shows the member 1 that is used for tightening at the axle of wind turbine the velocity gauge that forms scrambler, and the geometric configuration of axle is not described in the front.
For this reason, clamp structure 1 has medium pore 10, and described medium pore 10 is configured to admit axle, and is oversize.
Obviously, embodiment described above is not a limitation of the present invention, under the situation that does not depart from framework of the present invention, can increase detailsization and improvement to it with the embodiment of other modification.
Claims (24)
1. the method for the rotary part of a mechanical driving device that is used for monitoring wind turbine, described method is characterised in that it comprises step:
-a) determine to gather during in the signal of instantaneous angular velocity (ω) of expression rotary part;
-b) with the constant angle distance sample number definite to the signal sampling of expression instantaneous angular velocity (ω);
-c) signal of the expression angular velocity (ω (i)) of being sampled in the step b) is carried out discrete Fourier transformation to calculate, with the rank frequency spectrum of the signal that obtains expression angular velocity;
-the basic frequency that d) occurs based on the defective of the rank frequency spectrum detection rotary part of the signal of expression angular velocity.
2. monitoring method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the rank frequency spectrum of described angular velocity signal has been showed the frequency component of broadband type, account form is configured to the signal application windowing (W (i)) to the expression angular velocity (ω (i)) of sampling, and described windowing is configured to remove the frequency component of broadband type.
3. monitoring method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, step b) wherein comprises step:
-calculation procedure a) in during the determined collection in the mean value of signal of expression instantaneous angular velocity (ω);
-signal of determined expression instantaneous angular velocity in the step a) is replenished a plurality of points, each point has the value that equates substantially with the mean value of the signal of the expression instantaneous angular velocity of being calculated (ω), the number of point be specified to make sample the number limiting time at interval, the described time interval is that the multiple during basic appears in defective.
4. according to each described monitoring method of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that described method also comprises step:
The mean value of instantaneous angular velocity (ω) signal in during-measurement is gathered;
Put on the mean value of the moment of torsion of rotary part in during-measurement is gathered;
-signal of the determined expression instantaneous angular velocity of step a) (ω) is carried out normalized with respect to the signal of representing reference angular velocities.
5. according to each described monitoring method of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that described method also comprises step:
The mean value of the moment of torsion that applies in during-measurement is gathered;
-give at least one index for the appearance basic frequency that is detected in the step d) in during gathering, the amplitude of the rank frequency spectrum of the basic frequency of the appearance that described index is preferably obtained with step c) is corresponding, perhaps corresponding to the linear combination of the amplitude of the basic frequency harmonic order frequency spectrum that occurs
-the interior index that is obtained during gathering is carried out normalized with respect to reference index.
6. according to each described monitoring method of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, the signal of determined expression instantaneous angular velocity (ω) has maximum frequency in the step a), step b) comprises the step of selection less than the sample frequency of the described maximum frequency of twice, and step d) is included in the step of the basic rank of the appearance frequency spectrum of the defective that detects rotary part in the alias zone of rank frequency spectrum of signal of the expression angular velocity that step c) obtains.
7. according to each described monitoring method of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that, the signal of the determined expression instantaneous angular velocity of step a) (ω) is the acceleration signal with constant time step sampling, and step a) is included in the step of on the housing of rotary part accelerograph being installed.
8. monitoring method according to claim 7 is characterized in that described step b) comprises the step to the acceleration signal interpolation.
9. according to each described monitoring method of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that the signal of the determined expression instantaneous angular velocity of step a) (ω) is instantaneous angular velocity signal (ω).
10. monitoring method according to claim 9 is characterized in that, step a) and step b) comprise step:
-velocity gauge is installed on rotary part, described velocity gauge transmits a series of pulses of the instantaneous angular velocity (ω) of expression rotary part,
-measure time interval between two rising edges in a series of pulses by first high-frequency counter with high frequency clock, be preferably two continuous rising edges.
11. monitoring method according to claim 10 is characterized in that, described method comprises two continuous time intervals deducting interior two rising edge measurements during gathering step with the signal that obtains expression intermittent angle acceleration.
12. monitoring method according to claim 10 is characterized in that, this method comprises step:
-time interval of interior two rising edge measurements during gathering is sued for peace obtaining to be called the signal with signal,
-to carrying out interpolation with signal, preferably by cubic spline interpolation, to obtain angle-function of time, described angle-function of time associates each the intermittent angle position and the time step of rotary part, described time step is corresponding to the intersection of interior each rising edge during gathering
-with the constant time step position, described angle of sampling,
-diagonal angle-function of time carries out the differentiate of secondary time with acquisition intermittent angle acceleration signal,
-described intermittent angle the acceleration signal of filtration on predetermined frequency band.
13. according to each described monitoring method of claim 10-12, it is characterized in that, step a) and step b) comprise by second high-frequency counter measures time interval between first rising edge and second rising edge, described second rising edge separates with first rising edge by rising edge in the middle of at least one, and the described second counter preferably high frequency clock with first counter is relevant.
14. be used for monitoring the system of the mechanical driving device rotary part of wind turbine, it is characterized in that described system comprises:
-be arranged to be used for to determine expression gather during in the signal locking equipment really of instantaneous angular velocity (ω) of rotary part,
-be configured to the sample devices of constant angle apart from the sample number that the signal sampling of expression angular velocity (ω) is determined,
-be configured to the signal of expression angular velocity (ω (i)) of sampling is carried out the computing equipment that discrete Fourier transformation is calculated, with the rank frequency spectrum of the signal that obtains expression angular velocity,
-be arranged to the checkout equipment of appearance basic frequency based on the defective of the rank frequency spectrum detection rotary part of the signal of expression angular velocity (ω (i)).
15. monitoring system according to claim 14, it is characterized in that, the rank frequency spectrum of the signal of described angular velocity has been showed the frequency component of broadband type, described computing equipment is configured to angular velocity (ω (i)) the signal application windowing (W (i)) to the expression sampling, and described windowing is configured to remove the frequency component of broadband type.
16., it is characterized in that described sample devices is configured to according to claim 14 or 15 described monitoring systems:
-to the interior calculated signals mean value of representing instantaneous angular velocity (ω) during gathering,
-signal of expression instantaneous angular velocity (ω) is replenished a plurality of points, each point has the value that equates substantially with the mean value that calculates, the number of point is determined to be and makes the number of sample determine the time interval, and the described time interval is the multiple during defective occurs substantially.
17., it is characterized in that described system also comprises according to each described monitoring system of claim 14-16:
-during being used for measure gathering in the equipment of mean value of instantaneous angular velocity signal (ω),
-put on the equipment of the moment of torsion mean value on the rotary part in being used to measure during the collection,
-be used for equipment that the signal of expression instantaneous angular velocity (ω) is handled with respect to the signal normalization of expression reference angular velocities.
18. according to each described monitoring system of claim 14-17, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
-during being used for measure gathering in the equipment of instantaneous angular velocity (ω) mean value,
-put on the equipment of the moment of torsion mean value of rotary part in being used to measure during the collection,
-being used for giving the equipment of at least one index to the appearance basic frequency that detects in during gathering, described index is preferably corresponding with the amplitude of the rank frequency spectrum that basic frequency occurs, perhaps corresponding to the linear combination of the basic frequency harmonic order spectral amplitude that occurs,
-be used for the interior index that is obtained during gathering with respect to the equipment of reference index normalized.
19., it is characterized in that the signal of expression instantaneous angular velocity (ω) has maximum frequency according to each described monitoring system of claim 14-18,
Described sample devices is configured to select the sample frequency less than doubling described maximum frequency,
Described checkout equipment is configured to detect the basic rank frequency spectrum that the rotary part defective occurs in the alias zone of expression angular velocity rank frequency spectrum.
20., it is characterized in that described definite equipment comprises according to each described monitoring system of claim 11-14:
-being installed in the velocity gauge on the rotary part, described velocity gauge transmits a series of pulses of the intermittent angle position of expression rotary part,
-be arranged to be used for to measure first high-frequency counter in the time interval between two rising edges of a series of pulses, preferred two continuous rising edges, first counter forms sample devices, and first counter has high frequency clock.
21. monitoring system according to claim 20 is characterized in that, computing equipment is configured to deduct two continuous time intervals of interior two rising edge measurements during the collection, to obtain the signal of expression intermittent angle acceleration.
22. monitoring system according to claim 20 is characterized in that, described computing equipment is configured to:
-time interval of measuring between interior two rising edges during gathering is sued for peace, obtaining to be called the signal with signal,
-to carrying out interpolation with signal, preferably by cubic spline interpolation, to obtain angle-function of time, described angle-function of time associates each the intermittent angle position and the time step of rotary part, described time step is corresponding to the intersection of interior each rising edge during gathering
-with constant time step sampled in position, described angle,
-diagonal angle-function of time is carried out the differentiate of secondary time, with acquisition intermittent angle acceleration signal,
-filtration intermittent angle acceleration signal on predetermined frequency band.
23. according to each described monitoring system of claim 20-22, it is characterized in that, described definite equipment comprises second high-frequency counter, described second high-frequency counter is arranged to measure the time interval between first rising edge and second rising edge, described second rising edge separates with described first rising edge by rising edge in the middle of at least one, and the described second counter preferably high frequency clock with described first counter is relevant.
24. according to each described monitoring system of claim 14-19, it is characterized in that described rotary part has housing, described definite device comprises at least one accelerograph that is installed on the described housing.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1058617A FR2966597B1 (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2010-10-21 | METHOD FOR MONITORING A ROTATING ELEMENT BELONGING TO A MECHANICAL TRANSMISSION OF AN AEROGENERATOR |
| FR10/58617 | 2010-10-21 | ||
| PCT/FR2011/052465 WO2012052694A1 (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2011-10-21 | Method for monitoring a rotary element belonging to a mechanical transmission of a wind turbine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103221791A true CN103221791A (en) | 2013-07-24 |
| CN103221791B CN103221791B (en) | 2015-02-18 |
Family
ID=44080236
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201180050076.XA Expired - Fee Related CN103221791B (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2011-10-21 | Method for monitoring a rotary element belonging to a mechanical transmission of a wind turbine |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2630453B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103221791B (en) |
| DK (1) | DK2630453T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2530496T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2966597B1 (en) |
| PL (1) | PL2630453T3 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT2630453E (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2012052694A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106481785A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2017-03-08 | 斯凯孚公司 | A kind of for by the state monitoring method of the bearing on the Supporting Planetary Gears of planetary transmission to pinion frame and unit |
| CN114530301A (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-05-24 | 成都信息工程大学 | Full-angle infinite rotation single potentiometer and high-precision wind speed detection method |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3036185B1 (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2018-07-20 | Altead Industries Est | METHOD FOR REAL-TIME MONITORING OF THE CONDITION OF MECHANICAL COMPONENTS OF BEARING TYPE AND GEARS ON A TREE LINE |
| CN104849037A (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2015-08-19 | 重庆大学 | Rotation machinery fault diagnosis method based on complex signal double-side spectrum analysis |
| FR3080450B1 (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2020-03-20 | Safran | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MONITORING A GEAR SYSTEM |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4751657A (en) * | 1985-07-08 | 1988-06-14 | General Electric Company | Method and apparatus for detecting axial cracks in rotors for rotating machinery |
| US5365787A (en) * | 1991-10-02 | 1994-11-22 | Monitoring Technology Corp. | Noninvasive method and apparatus for determining resonance information for rotating machinery components and for anticipating component failure from changes therein |
| US6729186B1 (en) * | 2002-02-28 | 2004-05-04 | Eaton Corporation | Multi-channel vibration analyzer |
| WO2010100253A1 (en) * | 2009-03-05 | 2010-09-10 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | Predictive rolling bearing maintenance |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5501105A (en) * | 1991-10-02 | 1996-03-26 | Monitoring Technology Corp. | Digital signal processing of encoder signals to detect resonances in rotating machines |
-
2010
- 2010-10-21 FR FR1058617A patent/FR2966597B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2011
- 2011-10-21 EP EP11787732.4A patent/EP2630453B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-10-21 WO PCT/FR2011/052465 patent/WO2012052694A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-10-21 PL PL11787732T patent/PL2630453T3/en unknown
- 2011-10-21 DK DK11787732T patent/DK2630453T3/en active
- 2011-10-21 PT PT117877324T patent/PT2630453E/en unknown
- 2011-10-21 ES ES11787732T patent/ES2530496T3/en active Active
- 2011-10-21 CN CN201180050076.XA patent/CN103221791B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4751657A (en) * | 1985-07-08 | 1988-06-14 | General Electric Company | Method and apparatus for detecting axial cracks in rotors for rotating machinery |
| US5365787A (en) * | 1991-10-02 | 1994-11-22 | Monitoring Technology Corp. | Noninvasive method and apparatus for determining resonance information for rotating machinery components and for anticipating component failure from changes therein |
| US6729186B1 (en) * | 2002-02-28 | 2004-05-04 | Eaton Corporation | Multi-channel vibration analyzer |
| WO2010100253A1 (en) * | 2009-03-05 | 2010-09-10 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | Predictive rolling bearing maintenance |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106481785A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2017-03-08 | 斯凯孚公司 | A kind of for by the state monitoring method of the bearing on the Supporting Planetary Gears of planetary transmission to pinion frame and unit |
| CN106481785B (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2021-07-02 | 斯凯孚公司 | Method and unit for monitoring state of bearing |
| CN114530301A (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-05-24 | 成都信息工程大学 | Full-angle infinite rotation single potentiometer and high-precision wind speed detection method |
| CN114530301B (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2023-08-08 | 成都信息工程大学 | Full-angle infinite rotation single potentiometer and high-precision wind speed detection method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL2630453T3 (en) | 2015-05-29 |
| DK2630453T3 (en) | 2015-03-02 |
| EP2630453B1 (en) | 2014-11-26 |
| PT2630453E (en) | 2015-02-25 |
| ES2530496T3 (en) | 2015-03-03 |
| FR2966597B1 (en) | 2012-11-30 |
| CN103221791B (en) | 2015-02-18 |
| EP2630453A1 (en) | 2013-08-28 |
| FR2966597A1 (en) | 2012-04-27 |
| WO2012052694A1 (en) | 2012-04-26 |
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