DE102009018248A1 - Process for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich fraction - Google Patents
Process for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich fraction Download PDFInfo
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- DE102009018248A1 DE102009018248A1 DE102009018248A DE102009018248A DE102009018248A1 DE 102009018248 A1 DE102009018248 A1 DE 102009018248A1 DE 102009018248 A DE102009018248 A DE 102009018248A DE 102009018248 A DE102009018248 A DE 102009018248A DE 102009018248 A1 DE102009018248 A1 DE 102009018248A1
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- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- cycle
- refrigerant mixture
- hydrocarbon
- rich fraction
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001295925 Gegenes Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r)-2-[6-[[2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(2-methylphenyl)ethyl]amino]purin-9-yl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=CC(C(CNC=2C=3N=CN(C=3N=CN=2)[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C)=C1 BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012432 intermediate storage Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
- F25J1/0264—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams
- F25J1/0265—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams comprising cores associated exclusively with the cooling of a refrigerant stream, e.g. for auto-refrigeration or economizer
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
- F25J1/008—Hydrocarbons
- F25J1/0085—Ethane; Ethylene
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
- F25J1/008—Hydrocarbons
- F25J1/0087—Propane; Propylene
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
- F25J1/0095—Oxides of carbon, e.g. CO2
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0214—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
- F25J1/0215—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle with one SCR cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0214—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
- F25J1/0215—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle with one SCR cycle
- F25J1/0216—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle with one SCR cycle using a C3 pre-cooling cycle
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
Es wird ein Verfahren zum Verflüssigen einer kohlenwasserstoffreichen Fraktion beschrieben. Erfindungsgemäß erfolgen die Abkühlung (E6) und Verflüssigung (E7) der kohlenwasserstoffreichen Fraktion (1, 2) im indirekten Wärmetausch gegen das Kältemittelgemisch eines Kältemittelgemischkreislaufes (5-9), erfolgt die Abkühlung (E6) der kohlenwasserstoffreichen Fraktion (1, 2) im indirekten Wärmetausch gegen das vollständige verdampfte Kältemittelgemisch des Kältemittelgemischkreislaufes (5-9), wird das verdichtete Kältemittelgemisch des Kältemittelgemischkreislaufes (5-9) mittels eines Reinstoffkältekreislaufes (10-19) vorgekühlt, und werden die Zusammensetzung des Kältemittelgemisches und/oder der Verdichterenddruck des Kältemittelgemischkreislaufes (5-9) so gewählt, dass das Kältemittelgemisch durch den Reinstoffkältekreislauf (10-19) vollständig verflüssigt wird.A process for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich fraction is described. According to the invention, the cooling (E6) and liquefaction (E7) of the hydrocarbon-rich fraction (1, 2) take place in indirect heat exchange with the refrigerant mixture of a mixed refrigerant cycle (5-9), the cooling (E6) of the hydrocarbon-rich fraction (1, 2) takes place indirectly Heat exchange for the complete evaporated refrigerant mixture of the refrigerant mixture cycle (5-9), the compressed refrigerant mixture of the mixed refrigerant cycle (5-9) is pre-cooled by means of a pure refrigerant refrigeration cycle (10-19), and the composition of the refrigerant mixture and / or the compressor discharge pressure of the refrigerant mixture cycle (5 -9) so that the refrigerant mixture is completely liquefied by the pure substance refrigeration cycle (10-19).
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Verflüssigen einer Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion.The The invention relates to a method for liquefying a Hydrocarbon-rich fraction.
Aus
der
Das zu verflüssigende Erdgas wird vor der eigentlichen Abkühlung und Verflüssigung im Regelfall einer wässrigen Aminwäsche, der üblicherweise eine Trocknungseinheit nachgeschaltet ist, zugeführt. Insbesondere in warmen Klimazonen kann ein Teilstrom des vorbeschriebenen Reinstoffkreislaufes zur Kondensation von im Erdgas enthaltenen Wasser verwendet werden, wodurch der der Aminwäsche nachgeschaltete Trockner entlastet wird.The liquefied natural gas is before the actual cooling and liquefaction usually an aqueous Amine wash, which is usually a drying unit downstream is supplied. Especially in warm climates can a partial flow of the above pure substance cycle for Condensation of water contained in natural gas can be used whereby relieves the amine washer downstream dryer becomes.
Dieser Verflüssigungsprozess erfordert jedoch einen vergleichsweise hohen apparativen Aufwand. So sind je nach Ausführung bis zu neun Reinstoff-Verdampfer vom Kettle-Typ sowie zwei gewickelte Wärmetauscherbündel vorzusehen. Insbesondere bei kleineren Verflüssigungsleistungen – hierunter seien Leistungen von weniger als 3 Mio. jato LNG zu verstehen – weist die vorbeschriebene Prozessführung gegenüber den sog. SMR(Single Mixed Refrigerant)-Verflüssigungsprozessen, die keinen separaten Vorkühlkreislauf aufweisen, Nachteile auf, da der vorbeschriebene Verflüssigungsprozess höhere Investitionskosten bedingt, die auch durch seinen geringeren Energieverbrauch nicht kompensiert werden können.This However, liquefaction process requires a comparatively high expenditure on equipment. So are depending on the version up to nine kettlebell pure substance evaporator and two wound Provide heat exchanger bundles. Especially at smaller liquefaction services - below should be less than 3 million tonnes of LNG output - points the above-described litigation against the so-called SMR (Single Mixed Refrigerant) liquefaction processes, which do not have a separate pre-cooling circuit, disadvantages on, because the liquefaction process described above higher investment costs conditioned, not by its lower energy consumption can be compensated.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein gattungsgemäßes Verfahren zum Verflüssigen einer Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion anzugeben, das die vorbeschriebenen Nachteile vermeidet.task The present invention is a generic Process for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich To indicate fraction that avoids the disadvantages described above.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird ein gattungsgemäßes Verfahren zum Verflüssigen einer Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion vorgeschlagen, bei dem
- a) die Abkühlung und Verflüssigung der Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion im indirekten Wärmetausch gegen das Kältemittelgemisch eines Kältemittelgemischkreislaufes erfolgen,
- b) die Abkühlung der Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion im indirekten Wärmetausch gegen das vollständige verdampfte Kältemittelgemisch des Kältemittelgemischkreislaufes erfolgt,
- c) das verdichtete Kältemittelgemisch des Kältemittelgemischkreislaufes mittels eines Reinstoffkältekreislaufes vorgekühlt wird, und
- d) die Zusammensetzung des Kältemittelgemisches und/oder der Verdichterenddruck des Kältemittelgemischkreislaufes so gewählt wird bzw. werden, dass das Kältemittelgemisch durch den Reinstoffkältekreislauf vollständig verflüssigt wird.
- a) the cooling and liquefaction of the hydrocarbon-rich fraction take place in indirect heat exchange with the refrigerant mixture of a mixed refrigerant cycle,
- b) the hydrocarbon-rich fraction is cooled in indirect heat exchange with the complete vaporized refrigerant mixture of the mixed refrigerant cycle,
- c) the compressed refrigerant mixture of the refrigerant mixture cycle is pre-cooled by means of a pure substance refrigeration cycle, and
- d) the composition of the refrigerant mixture and / or the compressor discharge pressure of the refrigerant mixture cycle is / are chosen such that the refrigerant mixture is completely liquefied by the pure substance refrigeration cycle.
Unter dem Begriff ”Reinstoffkältekreislauf” sei ein Kältekreislauf zu verstehen, in dem das Kältemittel in einer Konzentration von wenigstens 95 Vol.-% vorliegt.Under the term "pure substance refrigeration cycle" is to understand a refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant in a concentration of at least 95% by volume.
Im Gegensatz zu dem vorbeschriebenen Verflüssigungsverfahren erfolgen Abkühlung und Verflüssigung der Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion nunmehr ausschließlich im indirekten Wärmetausch gegen das Kältemittelgemisch eines Kältemittelgemischkreislaufes. Der weiterhin vorzusehende Reinstoffkältekreislauf dient erfindungsgemäß ausschließlich dazu, das verdichtete Kältemittelgemisch des Kältemittelgemischkreislaufes vorzukühlen. Hierbei sind die Zusammensetzung des Kältemittelgemisches und/oder der Verdichterenddruck des Kältemittelgemischkreislaufes so zu wählen, dass das Kältemittelgemisch durch den Reinstoffkältekreislauf soweit gekühlt werden kann, dass es vollständig verflüssigt vorliegt.in the Contrary to the above-described liquefaction process Cooling and liquefaction of the hydrocarbon-rich take place Group now exclusively in indirect heat exchange against the refrigerant mixture of a mixed refrigerant cycle. The still to be provided pure refrigerant circuit is used according to the invention exclusively the compressed refrigerant mixture of the refrigerant mixture cycle pre-cool. Here are the composition of the refrigerant mixture and / or the compressor discharge pressure of the refrigerant mixture cycle to choose so that the refrigerant mixture through the pure refrigerant refrigeration cycle are cooled so far It can be completely liquefied.
Als Folge davon kann das Kältemittelgemisch unmittelbar einem Wärmetauscher, der der Verflüssigung und Unterkühlung der Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion dient, zugeführt werden, ohne dass diesem Wärmetauscher ein Abscheider vorgeschaltet werden muss.When As a result, the refrigerant mixture can directly a Heat exchanger, the liquefaction and subcooling the hydrocarbon-rich fraction is supplied be without this heat exchanger upstream of a separator must become.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrensweise kann dennoch der Vorteil einer Vorkühlung mittels eines Reinstoffkältekreislaufes in Bezug auf Energieverbrauch und Eignung zur Entlastung einer ggf. vorzusehenden Trocknungseinheit im Wesentlichen beibehalten werden. Der apparative Aufwand des erfindungsgemäßen Verflüssigungsverfahrens ist jedoch im Vergleich zu dem vorbeschriebenen Verflüssigungsverfahren wesentlich geringer, da die Anzahl der Wärmetauscher deutlich reduziert ist.at the procedure according to the invention can nevertheless the advantage of pre-cooling by means of a pure substance refrigeration cycle in terms of energy consumption and suitability to relieve any be kept to be provided drying unit substantially. The apparatus required by the liquefaction process according to the invention however, is in comparison to the above-described liquefaction process much lower, as the number of heat exchangers significantly is reduced.
Zwar führt die erfindungsgemäße Verfahrensweise zu einer geringen Erhöhung des Energieverbrauches – die Erhöhung beträgt maximal 5% –, jedoch verbessert sich die Gesamtwirtschaftlichkeit des Verflüssigungsprozesses, weswegen die erfindungsgemäße Verfahrensweise insbesondere im Leistungsbereich zwischen 0,5 und 3 Mio. jato LNG wirtschaftlicher als bekannte Verflüssigungsprozesse ist.Though performs the procedure according to the invention to a small increase in energy consumption - the Increase is maximum 5% -, however the overall economy of the liquefaction process improves, why the procedure according to the invention especially in the power range between 0.5 and 3 million tonnes LNG more economically as known liquefaction processes.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zum Verflüssigen einer Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion, die Gegenstände der abhängigen Patentansprüche darstellen, sind dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
- – das Kältemittel des Reinstoffkältekreislaufes zu wenigstens 95 Vol.-% aus C3H8, C3H6, C2H6, C2H4 oder CO2 besteht,
- – das Kältemittelgemisch des Kältemittelgemischkreislaufes Stickstoff, Methan und wenigstens zwei der Komponenten aus der Gruppe C2H4, C2H6, C3H8, C4H10, und C5H12 enthält, und
- – das Kältemittelgemisch der Kältemittelgemischkreislaufes bei der Verflüssigung der Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion vollständig verdampft.
- The refrigerant of the pure substance refrigeration cycle consists of at least 95% by volume of C 3 H 8 , C 3 H 6 , C 2 H 6 , C 2 H 4 or CO 2 ,
- The refrigerant mixture of the refrigerant mixture cycle contains nitrogen, methane and at least two of the components from the group C 2 H 4 , C 2 H 6 , C 3 H 8 , C 4 H 10 , and C 5 H 12 , and
- - Completely evaporated the refrigerant mixture of the refrigerant mixture cycle in the liquefaction of the hydrocarbon-rich fraction.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Verflüssigen einer Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion sowie weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen desselben, die Gegenstände der abhängigen Patentansprüche darstellen, seien im Folgenden anhand des in der Figur dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert.The inventive method for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich fraction and other advantageous Embodiments of the same, the objects of the dependent Claims are described below with reference to the in The figure illustrated embodiment closer explained.
Über
Leitung
Der
derart vorbehandelte Erdgasstrom wird über Leitung
Über
Leitung
Das
Kältemittelgemisch des Kältemittelgemischkreislaufes
wird in einer ein- oder mehrstufigen Verdichtereinheit auf den gewünschten
Verdichterenddruck verdichtet; in der Figur dargestellt sind zwei
Verdichterstufen V2 und V2', wobei zwischen den Verdichterstufen
vorzugsweise ein in der Figur nicht dargestellter Zwischenkühler
vorgesehen ist. Nach Abkühlung im Nachkühler E9
wird das verdichtete Kältemittelgemisch über die
Leitung
Um diese Totalkondensation des Kältemittelgemisches des Kältemittelgemischkreislaufes am Ausgang des letzten Wärmetauschers E5 zu erreichen, sind die Zusammensetzung des Kältemittelgemisches und/oder der Verdichterenddruck des Kältemittelgemischkreislaufes entsprechend zu wählen.Around this total condensation of the refrigerant mixture of the refrigerant mixture cycle to reach at the exit of the last heat exchanger E5, are the composition of the refrigerant mixture and / or the compressor discharge pressure of the mixed refrigerant cycle to choose accordingly.
Als Kältemittel für den Reinstoffkältekreislauf wird vorzugsweise C3H8, C3H6, C2H6, C2H4 oder CO2 verwendet. Das Kältemittelgemisch des Kältemittelgemischkreislaufes enthält vorzugsweise Stickstoff, Methan und wenigstens zwei der Komponenten aus der Gruppe C2H4, C2H6, C3H8, C4H10, und C5H12.The refrigerant used for the pure refrigerant cycle is preferably C 3 H 8 , C 3 H 6 , C 2 H 6 , C 2 H 4 or CO 2 . The refrigerant mixture of the refrigerant mixture cycle preferably contains nitrogen, methane and at least two of the components from the group C 2 H 4 , C 2 H 6 , C 3 H 8 , C 4 H 10 , and C 5 H 12 .
Das
durch den Reinstoffkältekreislauf verflüssigte
Kältemittelgemisch kann nunmehr über die Leitung
Alternativ zu dem in der Figur dargestellten Ventil a kann ein Flüssigexpander vorgesehen werden, der der arbeitsleistenden Entspannung des Kältemittelgemisches am kalten Ende des Wärmetauschers E7 dient.alternative to the valve a shown in the figure, a liquid expander be provided, the work-performing expansion of the refrigerant mixture at the cold end of the heat exchanger E7 is used.
Das
entspannte und über Leitung
Der
bereits erwähnte Reinstoffkältekreislauf weist
ebenfalls eine mehrstufige Verdichtereinheit V1 auf, der ein Verflüssiger
E8 zugeordnet ist. Das auf den gewünschten Enddruck verdichtete
Kältemittel wird über Leitung
Während
der gasförmige Anteil des Kältemittels über
Leitung
Anstelle der in der Figur dargestellten Abkühlung des Kältemittelgemisches in den Wärmetauschern E2 bis E5 können in der Praxis auch weniger als vier Wärmetauscher realisiert werden. Die Anzahl der Wärmetauscher wird im Wesentlichen durch die Umgebungstemperatur und die Zahl der Laufräder im Turboverdichter V1 bestimmt.Instead of the cooling of the refrigerant mixture shown in the figure in the heat exchangers E2 to E5 can in the Practice also less than four heat exchangers can be realized. The number of heat exchangers is essentially through the ambient temperature and the number of impellers in the turbocompressor V1 determined.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Verflüssigen einer Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion schafft einen Verflüssigungsprozess, der bei verringertem apparativen Aufwand eine verbesserte Gesamtwirtschaftlichkeit aufweist, wobei dies mit einer geringen Erhöhung des Energieverbrauches erkauft werden muss. Die erfindungsgemäße Verfahrensweise eignet sich insbesondere für Leistungsbereiche zwischen 0,5 und 3 Mio. jato LNG.The inventive method for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich fraction creates a liquefaction process, the reduced cost of equipment improved overall economy with a small increase in energy consumption has to be bought. The procedure according to the invention is particularly suitable for service areas between 0.5 and 3 million yuan LNG.
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNGQUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- - US 3763658 [0002] US 3763658 [0002]
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (11)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102009018248A DE102009018248A1 (en) | 2009-04-21 | 2009-04-21 | Process for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich fraction |
ARP100100915A AR075917A1 (en) | 2009-04-21 | 2010-03-22 | PROCEDURE FOR LIQUIDING A FRACTION RICH IN HYDROCARBONS |
PE2011001670A PE20121108A1 (en) | 2009-04-21 | 2010-04-15 | METHOD FOR THE LIQUEFACTION OF A FRACTION RICH IN HYDROCARBONS |
PCT/EP2010/002326 WO2010121752A2 (en) | 2009-04-21 | 2010-04-15 | Method for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich fraction |
MYPI2011005018A MY173948A (en) | 2009-04-21 | 2010-04-15 | Method for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich fraction |
AU2010238844A AU2010238844B2 (en) | 2009-04-21 | 2010-04-15 | Method for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich fraction |
BRPI1013712-2A BRPI1013712B1 (en) | 2009-04-21 | 2010-04-15 | method for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich fraction |
NO20111495A NO346539B1 (en) | 2009-04-21 | 2010-04-15 | Process for the condensation of a hydrocarbon-rich fraction |
CN201080017277.5A CN102575897B (en) | 2009-04-21 | 2010-04-15 | Method for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich fraction |
RU2011147065/06A RU2568697C2 (en) | 2009-04-21 | 2010-04-15 | Liquefaction of fraction enriched with hydrocarbons |
CL2011002392A CL2011002392A1 (en) | 2009-04-21 | 2011-09-27 | Method to liquefy a fraction rich in hydrocarbons, which comprises cooling and liquefying said fraction in indirect exchange against the mixed refrigerant, and then against the evaporated mixed refrigerant, pre-cooling the mixed refrigerant and selecting the composition and / or final pressure of the compressor such that the refrigerant is liquefied. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102009018248A DE102009018248A1 (en) | 2009-04-21 | 2009-04-21 | Process for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich fraction |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE102009018248A1 true DE102009018248A1 (en) | 2010-10-28 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE102009018248A Withdrawn DE102009018248A1 (en) | 2009-04-21 | 2009-04-21 | Process for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich fraction |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN102575897B (en) |
AR (1) | AR075917A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2010238844B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI1013712B1 (en) |
CL (1) | CL2011002392A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102009018248A1 (en) |
MY (1) | MY173948A (en) |
NO (1) | NO346539B1 (en) |
PE (1) | PE20121108A1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2568697C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2010121752A2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2016138978A1 (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2016-09-09 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Method for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich fraction |
DE102020006394A1 (en) | 2020-10-17 | 2022-04-21 | Linde Gmbh | Process and plant for producing a liquified hydrocarbon product |
EP4230937A1 (en) | 2022-02-21 | 2023-08-23 | Linde GmbH | Method and system for generating a liquefied hydrocarbon product |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104792113B (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2018-09-28 | 北京中科富海低温科技有限公司 | Helium liquefier and its control method |
BR112018011026A2 (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2018-11-21 | Shell Int Research | Method and system for liquefying a contaminated stream of gas containing hydrocarbons. |
US10663220B2 (en) * | 2016-10-07 | 2020-05-26 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Multiple pressure mixed refrigerant cooling process and system |
GB2582763A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2020-10-07 | Linde Ag | Method and device for the recovery of waste energy from refrigerant compression systems used in gas liquefaction processes |
DE102020006396A1 (en) | 2020-10-17 | 2022-04-21 | Linde Gmbh | Process and plant for producing a liquified hydrocarbon product |
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DE29823450U1 (en) * | 1998-01-19 | 1999-06-02 | Linde Ag, 65189 Wiesbaden | Device for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich stream |
US6119479A (en) * | 1998-12-09 | 2000-09-19 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Dual mixed refrigerant cycle for gas liquefaction |
US6324867B1 (en) * | 1999-06-15 | 2001-12-04 | Exxonmobil Oil Corporation | Process and system for liquefying natural gas |
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-
2009
- 2009-04-21 DE DE102009018248A patent/DE102009018248A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2010
- 2010-03-22 AR ARP100100915A patent/AR075917A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-04-15 MY MYPI2011005018A patent/MY173948A/en unknown
- 2010-04-15 CN CN201080017277.5A patent/CN102575897B/en active Active
- 2010-04-15 NO NO20111495A patent/NO346539B1/en unknown
- 2010-04-15 AU AU2010238844A patent/AU2010238844B2/en active Active
- 2010-04-15 PE PE2011001670A patent/PE20121108A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2010-04-15 RU RU2011147065/06A patent/RU2568697C2/en active
- 2010-04-15 BR BRPI1013712-2A patent/BRPI1013712B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2010-04-15 WO PCT/EP2010/002326 patent/WO2010121752A2/en active Application Filing
-
2011
- 2011-09-27 CL CL2011002392A patent/CL2011002392A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (1)
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US3763658A (en) | 1970-01-12 | 1973-10-09 | Air Prod & Chem | Combined cascade and multicomponent refrigeration system and method |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2016138978A1 (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2016-09-09 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Method for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich fraction |
RU2705130C2 (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2019-11-05 | Линде Акциенгезельшафт | Method of liquefying hydrocarbon-rich fraction |
DE102020006394A1 (en) | 2020-10-17 | 2022-04-21 | Linde Gmbh | Process and plant for producing a liquified hydrocarbon product |
EP4230937A1 (en) | 2022-02-21 | 2023-08-23 | Linde GmbH | Method and system for generating a liquefied hydrocarbon product |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BRPI1013712B1 (en) | 2020-12-01 |
NO20111495A1 (en) | 2011-11-01 |
NO346539B1 (en) | 2022-09-26 |
BRPI1013712A2 (en) | 2016-04-05 |
RU2011147065A (en) | 2013-05-27 |
MY173948A (en) | 2020-02-28 |
AU2010238844A1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
RU2568697C2 (en) | 2015-11-20 |
AR075917A1 (en) | 2011-05-04 |
AU2010238844B2 (en) | 2015-11-26 |
CN102575897B (en) | 2014-11-26 |
CL2011002392A1 (en) | 2012-02-10 |
CN102575897A (en) | 2012-07-11 |
WO2010121752A2 (en) | 2010-10-28 |
PE20121108A1 (en) | 2012-08-03 |
WO2010121752A3 (en) | 2012-10-11 |
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