DE102009000896B4 - Procedure for determining the outlet temperature of a turbocharger - Google Patents
Procedure for determining the outlet temperature of a turbocharger Download PDFInfo
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- DE102009000896B4 DE102009000896B4 DE102009000896.9A DE102009000896A DE102009000896B4 DE 102009000896 B4 DE102009000896 B4 DE 102009000896B4 DE 102009000896 A DE102009000896 A DE 102009000896A DE 102009000896 B4 DE102009000896 B4 DE 102009000896B4
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- compressor
- turbocharger
- efficiency
- determined
- outlet temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D23/00—Controlling engines characterised by their being supercharged
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
- F02D41/0007—Controlling intake air for control of turbo-charged or super-charged engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1446—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being exhaust temperatures
- F02D41/1447—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being exhaust temperatures with determination means using an estimation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
- F02D2041/1433—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method using a model or simulation of the system
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
Abstract
Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Auslasstemperatur des Kompressors eines Turboladers eines Verbrennungsmotors, wobei die Auslasstemperatur aus der Einlasstemperatur des Kompressors, dem Wirkungsgrad des Kompressors und dem Kompressordruckverhältnis ermittelt wird, wobei der Wirkungsgrad des Kompressors mittels einer vorgegebenen zweidimensionalen Funktion des Wirkungsgrades von der Drehzahl und einem weiteren Betriebsparameter des Turboladers ermittelt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der weitere Betriebsparameter, auf dessen Basis der Wirkungsgrad des Kompressors ermittelt wird, das Kompressordruckverhältnis ist.Method for determining the outlet temperature of the compressor of a turbocharger of an internal combustion engine, the outlet temperature being determined from the inlet temperature of the compressor, the efficiency of the compressor and the compressor pressure ratio, the efficiency of the compressor being determined using a predetermined two-dimensional function of the efficiency of the speed and a further operating parameter of the turbocharger is determined, characterized in that the further operating parameter, on the basis of which the efficiency of the compressor is determined, is the compressor pressure ratio.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Auslasstemperatur des Kompressors eines Turboladers eines Verbrennungsmotors, wobei die Auslasstemperatur aus der Einlasstemperatur des Kompressors, dem Wirkungsgrad des Kompressors und dem Kompressordruckverhältnis ermittelt wird, wobei der Wirkungsgrad des Kompressors mittels einer vorgegebenen zweidimensionalen Funktion des Wirkungsgrades von der Drehzahl und eines weiteren Betriebsparameters des Turboladers ermittelt wird, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs.The invention relates to a method for determining the outlet temperature of the compressor of a turbocharger of an internal combustion engine, the outlet temperature being determined from the inlet temperature of the compressor, the efficiency of the compressor and the compressor pressure ratio, the efficiency of the compressor being determined using a predetermined two-dimensional function of the efficiency of the speed and a further operating parameter of the turbocharger is determined, according to the preamble of claim.
Turbolader sind bei Kraftfahrzeugen mit Benzin- oder Dieselmotoren heute sehr verbreitet. Aufgrund von Kundenbedarf nach mehr Motorleistung laufen Turbolader häufig an ihren Druck- und Temperaturgrenzen. Ein Problem dabei sind mögliche Gewährleistungsansprüche, da in manchen Fällen eine sog. Kompressorverkokung auftreten kann, wenn die Auslasstemperatur des Kompressors zu hoch wird (z. B. >180 °C, wobei diese Temperatur kalibrierbar ist), wodurch der Auslassdruck des Kompressors vermindert wird und die Auslasstemperatur des Kompressors in einem positiven Rückkopplungszyklus vergrößert wird. Die Auslasstemperatur muß daher genau überwacht werden, um gegebenenfalls eine Begrenzung der Motordrehzahl oder Kraftstoffzufuhr zu aktivieren, durch welche die Auslasstemperatur des Kompressors wieder abgesenkt wird.Turbochargers are very common in automobiles with gasoline or diesel engines today. Due to customer demand for more engine power, turbochargers often run at their pressure and temperature limits. A problem with this is potential warranty claims, as in some cases so-called compressor coking can occur when the compressor discharge temperature becomes too high (e.g. >180°C, which temperature can be calibrated), thereby reducing the compressor discharge pressure and the compressor discharge temperature is increased in a positive feedback cycle. The discharge temperature must therefore be closely monitored in order to activate an engine speed or fuel flow limit, if necessary, which again lowers the compressor discharge temperature.
Die
Sensoren für den Massenluftstrom können aber große Fehler aufweisen, insbesondere bei Stadtfahrbedingungen, sind nicht ausfallsicher und ferner relativ aufwendig.However, mass airflow sensors can have large errors, particularly in city driving conditions, are not fail-safe, and are also relatively expensive.
Die nachveröffentlichte
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, die Auslasstemperatur des Kompressors eines Turboladers eines Verbrennungsmotors auf eine genauere, robustere und einfachere Weise zu ermitteln.The invention is based on the object of determining the outlet temperature of the compressor of a turbocharger of an internal combustion engine in a more precise, more robust and simpler manner.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem gattungsgemäßen Verfahren dadurch gelöst, dass der weitere Betriebsparameter, auf dessen Basis der Wirkungsgrad des Kompressors ermittelt wird, das Kompressordruckverhältnis ist.This object is achieved in a generic method in that the additional operating parameter, on the basis of which the efficiency of the compressor is determined, is the compressor pressure ratio.
Aus dem Kompressordruckverhältnis und der Drehzahl des Turboladers kann der für die Temperaturermittlung benötigte Wirkungsgrad des Kompressors genauer und zuverlässiger ermittelt werden als im Stand der Technik. Der Wirkungsgrad kann hierdurch weiterhin schneller als bisher ermittelt werden, da das Kompressordruckverhältnis sehr schnell gemessen werden kann. Auch sind Sensoren zur Messung des Kompressordruckverhältnisses, welches der Quotient von Auslasszu Einlassdruck ist, in Form von Umgebungs- und Ladedrucksensoren normalerweise in einem PKW bereits vorhanden. Außerdem ist die benötigte zweidimensionale Funktion des Wirkungsgrades von der Drehzahl und dem Kompressordruckverhältnis meist schon in Form einer Karte oder Tabelle in der Motorsteuereinheit gespeichert. Konventionelle Turbolader-Karten oder -Tabellen konzentrieren sich zwar eher auf die Vollastbereiche des Motors, doch kann man diese Karten durch erweiterte und nötigenfalls genauere Karten oder Tabellen ersetzen. Dieser eher geringe Aufwand wird durch den eingesparten Sensor für den Massenluftstrom mehr als wettgemacht.From the compressor pressure ratio and the speed of the turbocharger, the efficiency of the compressor required for determining the temperature can be determined more accurately and reliably than in the prior art. As a result, the efficiency can continue to be determined faster than before, since the compressor pressure ratio can be measured very quickly. Sensors for measuring the compressor pressure ratio, which is the quotient of outlet to inlet pressure, are also normally already present in a passenger car in the form of ambient and boost pressure sensors. In addition, the required two-dimensional function of the efficiency of the speed and the compressor pressure ratio is usually already stored in the form of a map or table in the engine control unit. While conventional turbocharger maps or tables tend to focus more on the full load ranges of the engine, these maps can be replaced with more advanced and, if necessary, more detailed maps or tables. This rather low effort is more than compensated for by the saved sensor for the mass air flow.
Vorteilhaft wird die Auslasstemperatur des Kompressors eines Turboladers nach der folgenden Gleichung ermittelt:
Darin sind
- T0
- Auslasstemperatur des Kompressors [K]
- Ti
- Einlasstemperatur des Kompressors [K]
- Po
- Auslassdruck des Kompressors [bar]
- Pi
- Einlassdruck des Kompressors [bar]
- Po / Pi
- Kompressordruckverhältnis [-]
- ηTS
- Wirkungsgrad Total-zu-Statisch des Kompressors [0-1]
- γ
- Isentropenkoeffizient [-]
- T0
- Compressor discharge temperature [K]
- Ti
- Compressor inlet temperature [K]
- buttocks
- Compressor discharge pressure [bar]
- pi
- Compressor inlet pressure [bar]
- po / pi
- Compressor pressure ratio [-]
- ηTS
- Compressor Total-to-Static Efficiency [0-1]
- g
- Isentropic coefficient [-]
Die obige Gleichung entspricht der in der
Darin ist NCcorr die geeignet korrigierte Drehzahl des Turboladers. Eine derartige Funktion ist z. B. als Karte oder Tabelle in dem elektronischen Steuergerät des Motors gespeichert:
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnungen beispielhaft näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below by way of example with reference to the drawings.
Deren einzige Figur zeigt Wirkungsgrade des Kompressors eines typischen Turboladers als Isolinien (Punkte mit gleichem Wirkungsgrad) auf einer zweidimensionalen Karte, in der die Drehzahl des Turboladers horizontal und das Kompressordruckverhältnis vertikal aufgetragen sind. Der Ort des maximalen Wirkungsgrades ist mit einem Kreis markiert.Its sole figure shows compressor efficiencies of a typical turbocharger as isolines (points of equal efficiency) on a two-dimensional map with turbocharger speed plotted horizontally and compressor pressure ratio plotted vertically. The place of maximum efficiency is marked with a circle.
Im Betrieb des Turboladers wird aus einem für diesen Turbolader bekannten Diagramm wie in der Figur oder einer entsprechenden Tabelle der aktuelle Wirkungsgrad ausgelesen, der zu der mit einem Drehzahlmesser gemessenen und nötigenfalls korrigierten aktuellen Drehzahl des Turboladers und zu dem mit Sensoren für den Umgebungs- und Ladedruck gemessenen aktuellen Druckverhältnis gehört.When the turbocharger is in operation, the current efficiency is read from a diagram known for this turbocharger, as shown in the figure, or from a corresponding table, which corresponds to the current speed of the turbocharger measured with a tachometer and corrected if necessary, and to that using sensors for the ambient and boost pressure measured current pressure ratio.
Sodann wird die Auslasstemperatur des Turboladers nach der weiter oben angegebenen Gleichung aus dem ermittelten aktuellen Wirkungsgrad des Kompressors, dem aktuellen Kompressordruckverhältnis und der aktuellen Einlasstemperatur des Kompressors ermittelt. Die Einlasstemperatur des Kompressors kann entweder mit einem (normalerweise eher langsamen) Sensor gemessen werden oder mit ausreichender Genauigkeit mittels eines schnellen Algorithmus geschätzt werden.The outlet temperature of the turbocharger is then determined according to the equation given above from the determined current efficiency of the compressor, the current compressor pressure ratio and the current inlet temperature of the compressor. The compressor inlet temperature can either be measured with a (usually rather slow) sensor or estimated with sufficient accuracy using a fast algorithm.
Die auf diese Weise ermittelte Auslasstemperatur des Kompressors wird laufend mit einer gespeicherten kritischen Temperatur verglichen, welche auch eine Funktion von irgendwelchen Betriebsparametern des Turboladers sein kann, und bei Überschreitung der kritischen Temperatur wird zum Beispiel die Motordrehzahl oder Kraftstoffzufuhr begrenzt, um die Auslasstemperatur des Kompressors zu begrenzen bzw. wieder zu senken.The compressor outlet temperature determined in this way is continuously compared with a stored critical temperature, which can also be a function of any operating parameters of the turbocharger, and if the critical temperature is exceeded, the engine speed or fuel supply, for example, is limited in order to reduce the compressor outlet temperature limit or reduce again.
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DE102009000896.9A DE102009000896B4 (en) | 2009-02-16 | 2009-02-16 | Procedure for determining the outlet temperature of a turbocharger |
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Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7143580B2 (en) | 2004-10-22 | 2006-12-05 | Detroit Diesel Corporation | Virtual compressor outlet temperature sensing for charge air cooler overheating protection |
DE102008044196A1 (en) | 2008-11-28 | 2010-06-02 | Ford Global Technologies, LLC, Dearborn | Method for evaluating exhaust gas temperature in motor vehicle, involves utilizing turbocharger system with exhaust-gas turbine in motor vehicle |
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2009
- 2009-02-16 DE DE102009000896.9A patent/DE102009000896B4/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7143580B2 (en) | 2004-10-22 | 2006-12-05 | Detroit Diesel Corporation | Virtual compressor outlet temperature sensing for charge air cooler overheating protection |
DE102008044196A1 (en) | 2008-11-28 | 2010-06-02 | Ford Global Technologies, LLC, Dearborn | Method for evaluating exhaust gas temperature in motor vehicle, involves utilizing turbocharger system with exhaust-gas turbine in motor vehicle |
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