DE102008047483A1 - Synchronization device for gear selector box, comprises idle gear which is held in rotating manner or added in torque-proof manner relative to shaft, where sliding sleeve is provided for speed alignment - Google Patents

Abstract

The synchronization device comprises an idle gear which is held in a rotating manner or added in a torque-proof manner relative to a shaft. A sliding sleeve is provided for speed alignment and torque transmission between the idle gear and the shaft which is supported in a torque-proof manner relative to a sleeve carrier. Two coaxially arranged synchronization rings (1,2) have devices.

Description

Field of the invention

The Invention relates to a synchronizer of a gear change transmission, with the at least one idler gear relative to a shaft selectively rotatable held or rotatably can be placed, wherein the synchronizer for speed adaptation and torque transmission between Idler gear and shaft includes a sliding sleeve, which is relative to one Sleeve carrier rotatably, but axially displaceable stored is, wherein the sleeve carrier rotatably with the shaft and axially non-displaceably connected, wherein the sliding sleeve at least two axially displaced coaxially with each other arranged synchronizer rings and in positive engagement with a toothing on or in the idler gear can bring.

Background of the invention

A Synchronizer is used to shift gear wheels in a transmission. It is in a widespread type of Device associated with an arrangement of synchronizer rings a gear wheel. The arrangement has at least two and often three synchronizer rings, namely a synchronous inner ring, a synchronous outer ring and a synchronizer intermediate ring interposed therebetween.

The Synchronizer rings are along the axis of rotation of the gear shaft or along the axis of rotation of the synchronizer rings into one another pushed that the synchronous outer ring the synchronous inner ring in the circumferential direction. Each synchronizer ring has at least an annular surface with that during synchronization the speeds of the gear shaft with the speeds of the switching Gear wheels a frictional contact with a another ring surface is produced. Each of the friction surfaces lies on one of the synchronizing rings of a friction surface of a opposite synchronizer ring.

Examples of such synchronizer are in the EP 0 897 068 B1 , in the EP 0907838 B1 , in the DE 4324815 A1 , in the DE 4324814 A1 and in the DE 195 06 988 A1 described. Other relevant systems are in the DE 103 35 477 A1 , in the DE 1 625 849 A1 and in the GB 2 027 498 A described.

The Individual parts of the synchronizer are relative in the synchronous package positioned floating to each other. This has disadvantageous As a result, it is due to contact between the parts comes to a drag moment when the touching Parts have different speeds.

Object of the invention

Of the The present invention is therefore based on the object, a synchronization of the the aforementioned type so that the mentioned drag moments be minimized. This is to a loss of power in the transmission Reduced friction between different synchronization components become. Thus, the efficiency of the device is increased become.

Summary of the invention

The Solution of this problem by the invention is characterized in that that the at least two coaxially arranged synchronizer rings are provided with means in a relative rotation of the two Synchronous rings to each other, the synchronizer rings in opposite Move axial directions away from each other.

Prefers it is in the one synchronizer ring to a synchronous outer ring and at the other synchronizer ring about a synchronous inner ring.

The Means for moving away from each other synchronizer rings preferably comprise at least one contact surface arranged on at least one synchronizer ring, which is axially increasing or decreasing in the circumferential direction. At both Synchronizing rings can hereby arranged contact surfaces be, wherein the at least one contact surface on each of both synchronizer rings are formed congruent to each other. The The contact surface is preferably flat. In this Trap is preferably provided that the contact surface for an axial angle includes; this is according to a preferred embodiment of the invention between 30 ° and 60 °.

about The scope of synchronizer rings can have multiple contact surfaces be arranged per ring. Preferred are over the circumference the synchronizer rings three or four contact surfaces or pairs arranged by contact surfaces per synchronizer ring.

at a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is intended to maintain a compact design that two oppositely oriented Contact surfaces on an extension of a synchronizer ring are arranged, wherein the extension in a recess in the other Synchronizing ring is placed, the circumferentially on both sides oppositely directed contact surfaces is limited. The provided with at least one extension synchronous ring is preferred a synchronous outer ring; the with at least one recess provided synchronizer ring is preferably a synchronous inner ring.

With This embodiment of a synchronizer can be effective be achieved in the case of relative movements between the Synchronizer rings, which lead to an adverse drag torque can, an automatic spacing due to the relative movement is initiated. This is done with simple and therefore inexpensive Means.

Brief description of the figures

In The drawings is an embodiment of the invention shown. Show it:

1 in a perspective view two concentrically arranged synchronizer rings, namely a synchronous outer ring and a synchronous inner ring,

2 an enlarged section of the two synchronous rings acting together and

3 the enlarged section according to 2 in a slightly modified design.

Detailed description the figures

In the figures are two synchronizing rings 1 and 2 to see that are part of a synchronizer. The synchronizer is in turn part of a gear change transmission, which can be manually switched or automatically switched. The synchronizer is to selectively establish a rotational connection between a shaft and a loose wheel, which is rotatably mounted on the shaft, wherein speed differences between the shaft and the idler gear are compensated during synchronization.

It should be noted that here only the parts of interest of the synchronizer, namely the two synchronizer rings 1 and 2 , are shown; the other parts of the synchronizer and the idler gears are not visible. The shaft, not shown, is non-rotatably and axially immovably connected to a sleeve carrier, also not shown. Surrounds the sleeve carrier of a sliding sleeve, which is rotatably connected to the sleeve carrier, but can be moved axially on him, which is ensured by an external toothing.

The Synchronizer thus has a sleeve carrier, the rotatably mounted on the transmission shaft and the on his Outer circumference wearing a sliding sleeve. The idler wheel is via a connected coupling body means the sliding sleeve with the synchronizer body rotatably interconnected.

During axial displacement of the sliding sleeve plungers are axially taken from the sliding sleeve, which is one of the synchronizer rings 1 . 2 moved axially. As a result, the synchronization is carried out in a known manner until it comes through the sliding sleeve for positive engagement between the sleeve carrier (and thus the shaft) and the idler gear.

The proposed embodiment of a synchronizer has the two mutually concentric synchronizer rings 1 . 2 on, namely a synchronous outer ring 1 and a synchronous inner ring 2 , This Ringkombi nation is arranged in the end faces of a sleeve carrier.

in this respect corresponds to the general structure of the synchronizer of known design in the manner of a Zweikonussystems, including on the above referred to prior art reference is made.

It is essential for the present invention that the two synchronizer rings 1 . 2 are provided with means which cause it in a relative rotation of the two synchronizer rings 1 . 2 these move away from each other in opposite axial directions. These two opposite directions are in the 1 to 3 denoted by A and B.

How these funds concrete and preferred trained, resulting from the 2 and 3 , After this, both have synchro rings 1 . 2 contact surfaces 3 and 4 on, which are formed as a flat inclined ramps. The ramps 3 . 4 include an area which is oriented at an angle α to the axial direction a, as it is out 2 evident. This angle is in the range of 45 °, where it can be between 30 ° and 60 °.

The ramps 3 on the synchronous outer ring and the ramps 4 At the synchronous inner ring are formed congruent, ie, the angles are the same size. Accordingly, it comes with a relative rotation of a synchronizer ring 1 to the other synchronizer ring 2 to a plant of the two opposing contact surfaces 3 and 4 , Is the attachment of the two surfaces 3 . 4 achieved and there is a further relative rotation of the synchronizer rings 1 . 2 , push the surfaces 3 . 4 against each other and cause the synchronizer rings 1 . 2 be pushed in different directions A and B from each other.

As it is best in 3 can be seen has the synchronous outer ring 1 an extension 5 which extends in the axial direction a from the main body of the ring 1 extends, with the extension 5 in a recess 6 in the other ring 2 extends. The extension 5 is viewed in the circumferential direction U at two Ends through respective contact surfaces 3 ' and 3 '' limited. Also the recess 6 is in the circumferential direction U by the contact surfaces 4 ' and 4 '' limited.

Accordingly, the two synchronizer rings 1 . 2 first by a certain relative rotation angle without reaction twist until the plant of the contact surface 3 ' at the contact surface 4 ' or the plant of the contact surface 3 '' at the contact surface 4 '' he follows. From the contact of the surfaces 3 ' and 4 ' respectively. 3 '' and 4 '' and upon further relative rotation, the synchronizer rings are forced away from each other in directions A and B.

Cooperating contact surfaces 3 . 4 are provided at several circumferential locations, preferably at three or four circumferential locations.

This has the consequence that, due to the intended design of the synchronizer rings 1 . 2 move them away from each other in the axial direction a, ie occupy a distance, which has the consequence in an advantageous manner that there are no drag moments between the synchronizer rings 1 . 2 comes. Accordingly, the efficiency of the arrangement improves.

If in the context of the present invention is generally spoken of a contact surface, this is understood to mean both a planar and a deviating form, for. B. a convex shape of the surfaces 3 . 4 ,

The proposed measures ensure that in the neutral position of the contact between the synchronizer rings 1 . 2 is reduced to a minimum. as long as the synchronizer rings 1 . 2 rotate at different speeds, the disengagement of the rings takes place in different axial directions A, B to a maximum distance. This is achieved when the synchronous outer ring 1 maximum brought to the sleeve carrier and the synchronizer inner ring maximum to the idler gear.

Accordingly, are the driving lugs of both the synchronous inner ring and the synchronous outer ring provided with said slopes (contact surfaces). From the drag torque of an intermediate ring can in the case of a three-ring solution of Synchronous inner ring to be taken, until he with his Mitnahmelappen abuts on the driving lugs of the synchronous outer ring. Here, the tangential force component (drag torque) in the axial force component over the two contact surfaces (Oblique) redirected, where by the synchronous inside and outer ring pressed apart.

The between the idler gear and the synchronizer inner ring resulting friction is relatively low due to the steel-steel mating and can by the Angle α of the contact surfaces are optimized.

1

synchronizer ring (Synchronous outer ring)

2

synchronizer ring (Synchronous inner ring)

3, 4

medium Move away from each other

3

approach surface

3 '

approach surface

3 ''

approach surface

4

approach surface

4 '

approach surface

4 '

approach surface

5

extension

6

recess

a

axial direction

U

circumferentially

A

direction

B

direction

α

angle

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - EP 0897068 B1 [0004]
• EP 0907838 B1 [0004]
• - DE 4324815 [0004]
• - DE 4324814 A1 [0004]
• - DE 19506988 A1 [0004]
• - DE 10335477 A1 [0004]
• - DE 1625849 A1 [0004]
• - GB 2027498 A [0004]

Claims (12)

Synchronizer of a gear change transmission with which at least one idler gear rotatable relative to a shaft can be rotatably held or rotatably, wherein the synchronizer for speed matching and torque transmission between idler gear and shaft comprises a sliding sleeve which rotatably relative to a sleeve carrier, but axially (a) displaceable is mounted, wherein the sleeve carrier is rotatably connected to the shaft and axially non-displaceable, wherein the sliding sleeve at least two coaxially arranged synchronizer rings ( 1 . 2 ) axially (a) and can bring in positive engagement with a toothing on or in the idler gear, characterized in that the at least two coaxially arranged synchronizer rings ( 1 . 2 ) with means ( 3 . 4 ) are provided, which in a relative rotation of the two synchronizer rings ( 1 . 2 ) to each other the synchronizing rings ( 1 . 2 ) move away from each other in opposite axial directions (A, B). Synchronizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that a synchronizer ring ( 1 ) is a synchronous outer ring and that a synchronizer ring ( 2 ) is a synchronous inner ring. Synchronizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the means ( 3 . 4 ) Move away from each other Move the synchronizer rings ( 1 . 2 ) at least one at least one synchronizer ring ( 1 . 2 ) arranged start-up surface which is axially increasing or decreasing in the circumferential direction (U). Synchronizing device according to claim 3, characterized in that on both synchronizer rings ( 1 . 2 ) Contact surfaces ( 3 . 4 ), wherein the at least one contact surface ( 3 . 4 ) on each of the two synchronizer rings ( 1 . 2 ) are formed congruent to each other. Synchronizing device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the contact surface ( 3 . 4 ) is formed. Synchronizing device according to claim 5, characterized in that the contact surface ( 3 . 4 ) to the axial direction (a) includes an angle (α). Synchronizing device according to claim 6, characterized characterized in that the angle (α) is between 30 ° and 60 °. Synchronizing device according to claim 3, characterized in that over the circumference of the synchronizer rings ( 1 . 2 ) several contact surfaces ( 3 . 4 ) per ring ( 1 . 2 ) are arranged. Synchronizing device according to claim 8, characterized in that over the circumference of the synchronizer rings ( 1 . 2 ) three or four contact surfaces ( 3 . 4 ) or pairs of contact surfaces ( 3 . 4 ) per synchronizer ring ( 1 . 2 ) are arranged. Synchronizing device according to claim 3, characterized in that two oppositely oriented contact surfaces ( 3 ' . 3 '' ) on an extension ( 5 ) of a synchronous ring ( 1 ) are arranged, wherein the extension ( 5 ) in a recess ( 6 ) in the other synchronizer ring ( 2 ) is placed in the circumferential direction (U) on both sides by oppositely oriented contact surfaces (U) 4 ' . 4 '' ) is limited. Synchronizing device according to claim 10, characterized in that the with at least one extension ( 5 ) synchronizer ring ( 1 ) is a synchronous outer ring. Synchronizing device according to claim 10, characterized in that the at least one recess ( 6 ) synchronizer ring ( 2 ) is a synchronous inner ring.