DE102008036100A1 - Wind power plant has tower, wind wheel and generator, which is operated in motor operation and drives in operating condition of air compressor with electrical net energy - Google Patents

Abstract

The wind power plant has a tower (6), a wind wheel (7) and a generator (10). An air compressor (8) and coupler (1) are provided between a drive shaft (3) of the wind wheel and the drive shaft of the generator. Another coupler (2) is provided between the drive shaft of the generator and the drive shaft of the air compressor with an intake line (15), pressure line and the compressed air reservoir (14). The generator and an electrical controller are assembled such that the generator is operated in motor operation and drives in operating condition of the air compressor with electrical controller. Independent claims are included for the following: (1) a method for controlling a wind power plant (2) an electrical control unit for controlling the wind power plant.

Description

The The present invention relates to a plant and a method for Conversion and extraction of wind energy and use of surplus energy from the mains.

energy from renewable energy sources, such as wind, is usually not permanently available. That has the disadvantage that no continuous power generation possible is. On the other hand there is always surplus energy from the power grid or from locally other wind turbines to disposal.

From the prior art is the DE 43 39 402 A1 known. This publication discloses a method and apparatus in the wind energy by means of a rotor via a transmission with coupling to a generator for generating electricity is connected. Another coupling is connected to a turbo compressor, which can generate compressed air at the same time as power generation, which is stored. In case of doldrums, the supply of compressed air from a reservoir can serve to operate the turbocompressor running as a turbine, which drives the generator via a coupling and thus generates electricity.

Out however, it is the cited publication not apparent, as possibly in other wind turbines or power plants existing excess electricity can be used.

It is therefore an object of the present invention, a system and a Process for the conversion and storage of wind energy and a plant to indicate its execution, in which the in the wind contained mechanical work either converted to electricity is, or at least partially the wind energy in the form is stored by compressed air, and if necessary, an excess current energy can be used.

This is inventively achieved in that in the current surplus case, the generator operated as a motor and thus drives the turbo compressor, which compresses air and stored in the compressed air storage.

According to one another variant of the invention is in addition the generator a motor flanged on the shaft. In this case The generator does not run in engine mode, as special Generators ev. Not particularly suitable for engine operation and are therefore more specifically designed for energy production. on the other hand The engine can be better designed as a motor, so that the network surplus power can be better exploited. That's a cost issue, too but depending on the mode of operation and need also sense, z. B. in heatwaves to create some air movement or z. B. in vineyard plants help to prevent ground frost or dissolve cold lakes.

at The air compression creates heat. This heat is used in a heat exchanger. For compressed air relaxation coldness arises. This energy can be over one Heat exchangers are used. The heat exchanger is according to the invention in the tower of the wind turbine, but can be arranged outside.

Details of the invention Wind turbine

The wind turbine essentially consists of a tower 6 at the top of which is a windmill 7 is rotatably mounted. Via a drive shaft 3 , a first clutch 1 and, if necessary, a transmission 11 the wind energy gets over the generator shaft 4 used around a generator 10 to drive and thus generate electricity. About the same generator shaft 4 is via a second clutch 2 and, if necessary, a transmission 12 via a pump shaft 5 an air pump 8th operated, so that either either electricity or compressed air is generated or optionally at high wind energy simultaneously and compressed air is generated.

The compressed air is stored in a compressed air reservoir 14 stored by the generator 10 electricity generated is usually supplied to the power grid. Optionally, parallel to the generator 10 also a separate engine 20 via couplings 21 . 22 and a gearbox 23 be switched.

The air compression creates heat by means of a heat exchanger 9 in the tower 6 is dissipated.

• 1. Normale Stromerzeugung mittels Windenergie über den Generator 10, Luftverdichter 8 ausgekuppelt.
• 2. Drucklufterzeugung mittels Windenergie über den Luftverdichter 8, Generator 10 läuft leer nicht erregt, keine Stromgewinnung
• 3. Eine Kombination mit Stromerzeugung und Drucklufterzeugung, sowohl Generator 10 als auch Luftverdichter 8 sind eingekoppelt, bei Starkwind und bei geringem Stromverbrauch wird sowohl Luftdruck wie auch Strom erzeugt.
• 4. Bei Flaute: Stromerzeugung mittels der gespeicherten Druckluft, der Generator 10 ist mit der Turbine 8 (Umkehrung des Luftverdichters 8) gekuppelt die den Generator 10 antreibt, das Windrad 7 ist abgekuppelt.
• 5. Bei Flaute: Drucklufterzeugung mittels des Generators 10 der als Motor 10 betrieben wird und den Luftverdichter 8 antreibt, wenn Stromüberschuss vorhanden ist. Die damit erzeugte Druckluft wird – wie an sich bekannt – über einen Wärmetauscher 9 gekühlt und im Druckluftspeicher 14 gespeichert.
• 6. Bei wenig Windenergie: Betriebszustand, bei dem die Windenergie über den eingekuppelten Generator 10 genutzt wird und zur Unterstützung dieser geringen Leistung wird Überschussnetzenergie für einen parallel dazu geführten Motorbetrieb miteingespeist. Dabei muss natürlich elektronisch überwacht und geregelt werden, dass das Windrad nicht in den Propellerantrieb übergeht.
• 7. Propellerbetrieb: Betriebszustand, dass z. B. zu Testzwecken der Motor 20 und/oder Luftverdichter 8 im Motorbetrieb bzw. als Turbine arbeiten und das Windrad 7 antreiben.

The special arrangement according to the invention results in seven possible operating states:

• 1. Normal power generation by means of wind energy via the generator 10 , Air compressor 8th disengaged.
• 2. Generation of compressed air by means of wind energy via the air compressor 8th , Generator 10 runs empty not energized, no power generation
• 3. A combination with power generation and compressed air generation, both generator 10 as well as air compressors 8th are coupled in strong wind and low power consumption, both air pressure and electricity generated.
• 4. In case of doldrums: power generation by means of the stored compressed air, the generator 10 is with the turbine 8th (Reversal of the air compressor 8th ) coupled the generator 10 drives, the wind turbine 7 is uncoupled.
• 5. In case of doldrums: compressed air generation by means of the generator 10 the engine 10 is operated and the air compressor 8th drives if surplus power is present. The compressed air thus generated is - as is known - via a heat exchanger 9 cooled and in compressed air storage 14 saved.
• 6. At low wind energy: operating condition, where the wind energy through the coupled generator 10 is used and in support of this low power surplus power is fed to parallel engine operation. It must of course be electronically monitored and regulated that the wind turbine does not go into the propeller drive.
• 7. propeller operation: operating condition that z. B. For testing purposes, the engine 20 and / or air compressor 8th in engine operation or as a turbine and the wind turbine 7 drive.

figure description

1 shows a tower 6 with a wind wheel attached to the top of the tower 7 , The wind turbine with a rotatably mounted drive shaft via a transmission 11 and a clutch 1 with a generator via a rotatably mounted drive shaft 4 connected. The second side of the drive shaft 4 is about another clutch 2 and another gear 12 over the wave 5 with the air compressor / turbine 8th connected.

Optionally, an engine can also be used 20 parallel to the generator 10 via couplings 21 . 22 and a transmission can be arranged.

On the low pressure side of the air compressor 8th is the suction line 15 , the high pressure side of the air compressor 8th leads via pressure pipes 13 and via a heat exchanger 9 to a compressed air storage 14 ,

The electrical control 16 is preferably housed in the tower, but can also be like the compressed air storage 14 be set up outside the tower. The generator 10 and the engine 20 , as well as the couplings 1 . 2 . 21 . 22 and the gears 11 . 12 . 23 are connected to the control unit via an electrical line.

The supply or supply to the power grid via the electrical line 18 ,

1

First clutch

2

Second clutch

3

drive shaft

4

Generator / motor shaft

5

Air compressor / turbine shaft

6

tower

7

windmill

8th

Air Compressor / Turbine

9

heat exchangers

10

Generator / motor

11

transmission

12

transmission

13

pressure line

14

Compressed air storage

15

suction

16

electrical control unit

17

electrical management

18

electrical management

19

-

20

engine

21

third clutch

22

Fourth clutch

23

transmission

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 4339402 A1 [0003]

Claims (18)

Wind turbine with a tower ( 6 ), a wind turbine ( 7 ), a generator ( 10 ), with an air compressor / a turbine ( 8th ) and a first couplings ( 1 ) between the drive shaft ( 3 ) of the wind turbine ( 7 ) and the drive shaft ( 4 ) of the generator ( 10 ) and a second clutch ( 2 ) between the drive shaft ( 4 ) of the generator ( 10 ) and the drive shaft ( 5 ) of the air compressor ( 8th ) with suction line ( 15 ), Pressure lines ( 13 ), and with a compressed air reservoir ( 14 ), and an electrical control unit ( 16 ) with electrical lines ( 17 . 18 ), where the couplings ( 1 . 2 ) are electronically controllable, and all waves ( 3 . 4 . 5 ) also via at least one transmission ( 11 . 12 ) between drive shaft ( 3 ) of the wind turbine ( 7 ) and the drive shaft ( 4 ) of the generator ( 10 ) and / or between the drive shaft ( 4 ) of the generator ( 10 ) and the drive shaft ( 5 ) of the air compressor ( 8th ), characterized in that the generator ( 10 ) and its control are constructed such that it can also be operated during engine operation and in this operating state the air compressor ( 8th ) with electrical network power drives. Wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the generator ( 10 ) via detachable third and fourth couplings ( 21 . 22 ) an engine ( 20 ) with gear ( 23 ) is set aside. Wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrical control unit ( 16 ) is provided to the first clutch ( 1 ) and the second clutch ( 2 ) in a state in which the generator / motor ( 10 ) via the second clutch ( 2 ) non-positively with the air compressor ( 8th ) and at the same time the wind turbine ( 7 ) via the first clutch ( 1 ) from the generator / engine ( 10 ) is decoupled. Wind turbine according to claim 3, characterized in that the electrical control unit ( 16 ) is prepared to switch the wind power plant to a state in which in excess of electricity from the power grid via the electrical line ( 18 ) the generator / motor ( 10 ) via the electrical line ( 17 ) as an engine ( 10 ) and the air compressor ( 8th ) Compressed air via the pressure line ( 13 ) and via a heat exchanger ( 9 ) in the compressed air reservoir ( 14 ) feeds. Wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrical control unit ( 16 ) is provided to the first clutch ( 1 ) and the second clutch ( 2 ) in a state in which the generator ( 10 ) via the second clutch ( 2 ) frictionally with the turbine ( 8th ) and at the same time the wind turbine ( 7 ) via the first clutch ( 1 ) from the generator ( 10 ) is decoupled. Wind turbine according to claim 5, characterized in that the electrical control unit ( 16 ) is prepared to switch the wind turbine to a state in which the power generation via the turbine ( 8th ) coupled and driven by this generator ( 10 ) he follows. Wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrical control unit ( 16 ) is provided to the first clutch ( 1 ) and the second clutch ( 2 ) in a state in which the wind turbine ( 7 ) via the first clutch ( 1 ) frictionally with the generator ( 10 ) and at the same time the generator ( 10 ) via the second clutch ( 2 ) non-positively with the air compressor ( 8th ) connected is. Wind turbine according to claim 7, characterized in that the electrical control unit ( 16 ) is prepared to switch the wind turbine to a state in which the power generation via the wind turbine ( 7 ) coupled and driven by this generator ( 10 ) and electrical power via a control unit ( 16 ) is fed into the electrical network and at the same time air compression over the with the wind turbine ( 7 ) coupled air compressors ( 8th ), and via the suction line ( 15 ) sucked in and compressed air via a heat exchanger ( 9 ) to a compressed air reservoir ( 14 ) to be led. Wind turbine according to claim 7, characterized in that the generator control is provided to simultaneously the generator ( 10 ) to idle without electrical excitation. Wind turbine according to claim 9, characterized in that the electrical control unit ( 16 ) is prepared to switch the wind turbine to a state in which at the same time the air compression over that with the wind turbine ( 7 ) coupled air compressors ( 8th ), and via the suction line ( 15 ) sucked in and compressed air via a heat exchanger ( 9 ) to a compressed air reservoir ( 14 ) to be led. Wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrical control unit ( 16 ) is provided to the first clutch ( 1 ) and the second clutch ( 2 ) in a state in which the wind turbine ( 7 ) via the first clutch ( 1 ) frictionally with the generator ( 10 ) and at the same time the generator ( 10 ) via the second clutch ( 2 ) from the air compressor ( 8th ) is decoupled. Wind turbine according to claim 11, characterized in that the electrical control unit ( 16 ) is prepared to switch the wind turbine to a state in which the power generation via the wind turbine ( 7 ) coupled and over this powered generator ( 10 ) and electrical power via a control unit ( 16 ) is fed into the electrical network. Wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrical control unit ( 16 ) is provided to the first clutch ( 1 ), the second clutch ( 2 ), the third clutch ( 21 ) and the fourth clutch ( 22 ) in a state in which the wind turbine ( 7 ) via the third clutch ( 21 ) via a transmission ( 11 ) frictionally with the engine ( 20 ) and at the same time the turbine ( 8th ) via the fourth clutch ( 22 ) and a transmission ( 23 ) frictionally with the engine ( 20 ), and at the same time the generator ( 10 ) via the first clutch ( 1 ) from the wind turbine ( 7 ) and via the second clutch ( 2 ) from the turbine ( 8th ) is decoupled. Wind turbine according to claim 13, characterized in that the electrical control unit ( 16 ) is prepared to switch the wind turbine to a condition in which the engine ( 20 ) and / or the turbine ( 8th ) windmill ( 7 ) to generate air movement. Wind turbine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the air compression from the air compressor ( 8th ) generated heat through the heat exchanger ( 9 ) is provided for heating purposes. Wind power plant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the air release from the compressed air reservoir ( 14 ) resulting cold through the heat exchanger ( 9 ) is provided for cooling purposes. Method for controlling a wind turbine with a tower ( 6 ), a wind turbine ( 7 ), a generator ( 10 ), with an air compressor / a turbine ( 8th ) and a first couplings ( 1 ) between the drive shaft ( 3 ) of the wind turbine ( 7 ) and the drive shaft ( 4 ) of the generator ( 10 ) and a second clutch ( 2 ) between the drive shaft ( 4 ) of the generator ( 10 ) and the drive shaft ( 5 ) of the air compressor ( 8th ) with suction line ( 15 ), with a heat exchanger ( 9 ), with pressure lines ( 13 ), and with a compressed air reservoir ( 14 ), and an electrical control unit ( 16 ) with electrical lines ( 17 . 18 ), where the couplings ( 1 . 2 ) are electronically controllable, and all waves ( 3 . 4 . 5 ) also via at least one transmission ( 11 . 12 ) between drive shaft ( 3 ) of the wind turbine ( 7 ) and the drive shaft ( 4 ) of the generator ( 10 ) and / or between the drive shaft ( 4 ) of the generator ( 10 ) and the drive shaft ( 5 ) of the air compressor ( 8th ), comprising the steps of: frictionally connecting the motor ( 10 ) with the air compressor ( 8th ) via the second clutch ( 2 ), Decoupling the wind turbine ( 7 ) from the engine ( 10 ) via the first clutch ( 1 ) and controlling the wind turbine in a state in which from the power grid via the electrical line ( 18 ) the generator / motor ( 10 ) via the electrical line ( 17 ) as an engine ( 10 ) and the air compressor ( 8th ) Compressed air via the pressure line ( 13 ) and via a heat exchanger ( 9 ) in the compressed air reservoir ( 14 ) feeds. Electric control unit ( 16 ) for the control of a wind turbine with a tower ( 6 ), a wind turbine ( 7 ), a generator ( 10 ), with an air compressor / a turbine ( 8th ) and a first couplings ( 1 ) between the drive shaft ( 3 ) of the wind turbine ( 7 ) and the drive shaft ( 4 ) of the generator ( 10 ) and a second clutch ( 2 ) between the drive shaft ( 4 ) of the generator ( 10 ) and the drive shaft ( 5 ) of the air compressor ( 8th ) with suction line ( 15 ), with a heat exchanger ( 9 ), with pressure lines ( 13 ), and with a compressed air reservoir ( 14 ), and an electrical control unit ( 16 ) with electrical lines ( 17 . 18 ), where the couplings ( 1 . 2 ) are electronically controllable, and all waves ( 3 . 4 . 5 ) also via at least one transmission ( 11 . 12 ) between drive shaft ( 3 ) of the wind turbine ( 7 ) and the drive shaft ( 4 ) of the generator ( 10 ) and / or between the drive shaft ( 4 ) of the generator ( 10 ) and the drive shaft ( 5 ) of the air compressor ( 8th ), characterized in that the control unit ( 16 ) Means to switch the wind turbine to a state in which the engine ( 10 ) via the second clutch ( 2 ) non-positively with the air compressor ( 8th ) and at the same time the wind turbine ( 7 ) via the first clutch ( 1 ) from the engine ( 10 ) is decoupled and in which from the mains via the electrical line ( 18 ) the generator / motor ( 10 ) via the electrical line ( 17 ) as an engine ( 10 ) and the air compressor ( 8th ) Compressed air via the pressure line ( 13 ) and via a heat exchanger ( 9 ) in the compressed air reservoir ( 14 ) feeds.