DE102008031379B4 - Method and apparatus for ultrasonic welding a closure device on the spout of a container - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for ultrasonic welding a closure device on the spout of a container Download PDFInfo
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- DE102008031379B4 DE102008031379B4 DE102008031379A DE102008031379A DE102008031379B4 DE 102008031379 B4 DE102008031379 B4 DE 102008031379B4 DE 102008031379 A DE102008031379 A DE 102008031379A DE 102008031379 A DE102008031379 A DE 102008031379A DE 102008031379 B4 DE102008031379 B4 DE 102008031379B4
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
- B29C65/7802—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
- B29C65/7841—Holding or clamping means for handling purposes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/001—Joining in special atmospheres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
- B29C66/532—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
- B29C66/5324—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length
- B29C66/53245—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length said articles being hollow
- B29C66/53246—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length said articles being hollow said single elements being spouts, e.g. joining spouts to containers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
- B29C66/824—Actuating mechanisms
- B29C66/8242—Pneumatic or hydraulic drives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/924—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/9241—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/924—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/9261—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/92611—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the gap between the joining tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
- B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/94—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time
- B29C66/944—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time by controlling or regulating the time
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/95—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
- B29C66/951—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools
- B29C66/9516—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools by controlling their vibration amplitude
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/96—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process
- B29C66/967—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process involving special data inputs or special data outputs, e.g. for monitoring purposes
- B29C66/9674—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process involving special data inputs or special data outputs, e.g. for monitoring purposes involving special data outputs, e.g. special data display means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2101/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
- B29K2101/12—Thermoplastic materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2001/00—Articles provided with screw threads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
- B29L2031/7172—Fuel tanks, jerry cans
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
- B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
- B60K15/03177—Fuel tanks made of non-metallic material, e.g. plastics, or of a combination of non-metallic and metallic material
Abstract
Es wird angestrebt, ein Verfahren sowie eine Vorrichtung zu schaffen, wodurch der Ablauf eines Schweißvorgangs automatisiert und das optimale Schweißergebnis sichergestellt wird. Weiterhin soll erreicht werden, dass dieses Ergebnis auch überprüft und innerhalb eines definierten Rahmens als sicher gelungen bewertet werden kann. Dies soll verlässlich und mit geringem konstruktivem Aufwand erreicht werden. Erreicht wird dies durch ein Verfahren zum Verschweißen einer Verschlussvorrichtung auf dem Ausgussstutzen eines Behälters mittels Ultraschall, bei dem in einem ersten Schritt der Ausgussstutzen des Behälters fixiert wird durch das Aufschrauben einer Führung mit negativem Innengewinde auf das positive Gewinde des Ausgussstutzens. Der Schraubvorgang erfolgt mit eingestelltem Drehmoment und in einer vorgegebenen Toleranz der Schraubhöhe. Gröbere Fehler am Rand des Behälters werden hierbei erkannt, und der Behälter als Ausschuss behandelt. Der Ausgussstutzen ist durch die Führung in seiner Position genau bestimmt für den anschließenden Schweißvorgang und in der Führung sicher gehalten, um bei dem unter Druck ablaufenden thermoplastischen Verformungsvorgang des Schweißens keine Lageänderung zu vollziehen, die zu unterschiedlichen Schweißergebnissen führen würde.The aim is to create a method and a device which automates the sequence of a welding process and ensures the optimal welding result. Furthermore, the aim is to ensure that this result can also be checked and assessed as safe within a defined framework. This should be achieved reliably and with little design effort. This is achieved by a method for welding a closure device on the pouring spout of a container by means of ultrasound, in which in a first step the pouring spout of the container is fixed by screwing a guide with a negative internal thread onto the positive thread of the pouring spout. The screwing process takes place with the set torque and within a specified tolerance of the screw height. Coarser defects at the edge of the container are recognized and the container is treated as a scrap. The position of the pouring spout is precisely determined by the guide for the subsequent welding process and is held securely in the guide in order not to make any change in position during the thermoplastic deformation process of the welding which is under pressure, which would lead to different welding results.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren sowie eine Vorrichtung zum Verschweißen einer Verschlussvorrichtung auf dem Ausgussstutzen eines Behälters mittels Ultraschall.The invention relates to a method and a device for welding a closure device on the spout of a container by means of ultrasound.
Es ist bekannt, zum Fügen von Kunststoffen das Ultraschallschweißen einzusetzen, wobei die für den Schweißvorgang erforderliche Wärme im Thermoplast durch das Einleiten von Ultraschallschwingungen in die Schweißstelle des Werkstückes unter Druck erzeugt wird. Der Kunststoff erweicht lokal und ermöglicht so die Schweißverbindung.It is known to use the ultrasonic welding for joining plastics, wherein the heat required for the welding process in the thermoplastic material is generated by the introduction of ultrasonic vibrations in the weld of the workpiece under pressure. The plastic softens locally and thus allows the welded joint.
Konstruktiv ist hierfür ein Hochfrequenzgenerator zur Erzeugung der Ultraschallfrequenz erforderlich, die über einen Ultraschallwandler als Schwingung auf die den Schweißvorgang durchführende Sonotrode übertragen wird. Diese ist unter definiertem Druck auf die Schweißstelle zu bringen. Durch die Wirkung der Ultraschallwellen werden die zu verschweißenden Teile bei unmittelbarem Stoffschluss miteinander verbunden. In der Regel werden die für jeden Schweißprozeß günstigsten Einstellbereiche der Schweißparameter wie Anpreßdruck, Amplitude der Ultraschallwellen und Schweißzeit durch aufwändige Schweißversuche ermittelt.Structurally, this requires a high frequency generator for generating the ultrasonic frequency, which is transmitted via an ultrasonic transducer as vibration to the welding process performing sonotrode. This is to be brought under defined pressure on the weld. Due to the effect of the ultrasonic waves, the parts to be welded are connected to each other in direct material bond. In general, the most favorable for each welding process adjustment ranges of welding parameters such as contact pressure, amplitude of the ultrasonic waves and welding time are determined by consuming welding tests.
Für die spezifische Anwendung dieses Verfahrens beim Schweißvorgang zur dichten Verbindung einer Verschlussvorrichtung auf dem Ausgussstutzen eines Behälters, beispielsweise eines Kanisters, ergeben sich hierbei Probleme im Hinblick auf die in ihrer Qualität konstante Verbindung und deren Überprüfung.For the specific application of this method in the welding process for tight connection of a closure device on the spout of a container, such as a canister, this results in problems with regard to the constant in their quality connection and their review.
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Das vorliegende erfinderische Verfahren sowie die diesbezügliche Vorrichtung sollen vor diesem Hintergrund zum einen den Ablauf des Schweißvorgangs automatisieren und das optimale Schweißergebnis sicherstellen. Zum anderen soll erreicht werden, dass dieses Ergebnis auch überprüft und innerhalb eines definierten Rahmens als sicher gelungen bewertet werden kann. Dies soll verlässlich und mit geringem konstruktivem Aufwand erreicht werden.The present inventive method and the relevant device to automate against this background, on the one hand, the flow of the welding process and ensure the optimum welding result. On the other hand, it should be ensured that this result can also be reviewed and assessed as safely achieved within a defined framework. This should be achieved reliably and with little constructive effort.
Erreicht wird dies nach der Erfindung durch ein Verfahren zum Verschweißen einer Verschlussvorrichtung auf dem Ausgussstutzen eines Behälters mittels Ultraschall, bei dem in einem ersten Schritt der Ausgussstutzen des Behälters fixiert wird durch das Aufschrauben einer Führung mit negativem Innengewinde auf das positive Gewinde des Ausgussstutzens. Der Schraubvorgang erfolgt mit eingestelltem Drehmoment und in einer vorgegebenen Toleranz der Schraubhöhe. Eventuelle gröbere Fehler am Rand des Kanisters werden hierbei erkannt und der Kanister als Ausschuss behandelt. Der Ausgussstutzen ist durch die Führung in seiner Position genau bestimmt für den anschließenden Schweißvorgang und in der Führung sicher gehalten, um bei dem unter Druck ablaufenden thermoplastischen Verformungsvorgang des Schweißens keine Lageänderung zu vollziehen, die zu unterschiedlichen Schweißergebnissen führen würde.This is achieved according to the invention by a method for welding a closure device on the spout of a container by means of ultrasound, which is fixed in a first step, the spout of the container by screwing a guide with a negative internal thread on the positive thread of the spout. The screwing is done with adjusted torque and in a predetermined tolerance of the screw height. Any grosser errors at the edge of the canister are detected and the canister is treated as scrap. The spout is accurately held by the guide in position for the subsequent welding operation and held securely in the guide so as not to undergo a change in position in the pressurized thermoplastic deformation process of the welding which would lead to different welding results.
Auf den derart festgelegten Ausgussstutzen, in dem sich die zu verschweißende Verschlussvorrichtung befindet, wird nun im zweiten Schritt die Ultraschallverschweißvorrichtung unter definiertem Druck aufgebracht. Die Schweissvorrichtung und die Fixierung befinden sich in einer Achse, um eine definiert winklige Verschweissung zu gewährleisten. Der verwendete Anpressdruck, die Amplitude der Ultraschallwellen und die Zeit des Schweißvorgangs sind hierbei unter Berücksichtigung der zu verschweißenden Werkstücke und deren Materialeigenschaften vorab bestimmt. Zweckmäßigerweise erfolgt die Führung und der Andruck der Schweißvorrichtung mittel eines Pneumatikzylinders, der mit einem Wegemesssystem ausgestattet ist.The ultrasonic welding device is then applied under defined pressure in the second step in such a way on the pouring spout thus determined, in which the closure device to be welded is located. The welding device and the fixation are in one axis to ensure a defined angular welding. The applied contact pressure, the amplitude of the ultrasonic waves and the time of the welding process are determined in advance, taking into account the workpieces to be welded and their material properties. Appropriately, the guidance and the pressure of the welding device by means of a pneumatic cylinder, which is equipped with a Wegemesssystem.
Die Schweißvorrichtung wird hierbei auf den zu verschweißenden Ausgussstutzen abgesenkt, wobei die vertikale Bewegung durch das Wegemesssystem erfasst wird. Die Aktivierung der Schweißsonotrode erfolgt hierbei erst dann, wenn das Wegemesssystem anzeigt, dass die Sonotrode auf dem Ausgussstutzen aufsitzt, da kein vertikaler Weg mehr zurückgelegt wird. Um sicher zu stellen, dass auch der für den Schweißvorgang definierte Anpressdruck bereits erreicht ist, wird vom Zeitpunkt des Stillstands der Sonotrode an eine definierte Zeitspanne zugeschlagen, beispielsweise 2,5 Sekunden, um den Druck sicher aufzubauen. Erst dann wird die Schweißvorrichtung aktiviert.The welding device is hereby lowered onto the spout to be welded, wherein the vertical movement is detected by the Wegemesssystem. The activation of the welding sonotrode takes place in this case only when the distance measuring system indicates that the sonotrode sits on the spout, since no vertical path is covered. In order to ensure that the contact pressure defined for the welding operation has already been reached, the sonotrode is shut down from the time of standstill to a defined period of time, for example 2.5 seconds, in order to reliably build up the pressure. Only then is the welding device activated.
Zur Überprüfung des Schweißergebnisses wird mittels Wegemesssystems die beim Schweißvorgang durch die Sonotrode zurückgelegte Wegstrecke erfasst und hierbei ein Abgleich mit vorgegebenen Sollwerten durchgeführt. Es wird hierbei die Startposition der Sonotrode bzw. des Ultraschallverschweißers vor dem Schweißvorgang erfasst sowie die Endposition nach Ablauf der festgelegten Schweißzeit gemessen. Der Wegepunkt der Aktivierung der Schweißvorrichtung wird als Startpunkt auf Null gesetzt.In order to check the welding result, the path traveled by the sonotrode during the welding process is detected by means of the path measuring system and, in this case, an adjustment is carried out with predetermined desired values. In this case, the start position of the sonotrode or of the ultrasonic welder is detected before the welding process, and the end position is measured after the specified welding time has elapsed. The waypoint of activation of the welding device is set to zero as a starting point.
Ergebnis des Abgleiches ist im Regelfall, dass die Sonotrode beim Schweißvorgang eine Wegstrecke innerhalb einer definierten Ober- und Untergrenze zurückgelegt und somit einen Toleranzwert eingehalten hat, und die Schweißung innerhalb der vorgegebenen Parameter als gelungen und dicht angesehen werden kann. Bei einem angestrebten Schweißweg von beispielsweise 0,5 mm kann das zulässige Fenster des Schweißweges zwischen 0,3 mm und 0,7 mm liegen.As a rule, the result of the adjustment is that the sonotrode covered a distance within a defined upper and lower limit during the welding process and thus adhered to a tolerance value, and the weld can be regarded as successful and tight within the given parameters. For example, with a desired welding path of 0.5 mm, the permissible window of the welding path can be between 0.3 mm and 0.7 mm.
Nach dieser Überprüfung kann in einer zweckmäßigen Form des Verfahrens eine entsprechende Kennzeichnung des Behälters erfolgen, bei der die erfasste Wegstrecke des Schweißvorgangs verknüpft mit weiteren Informationen, beispielsweise dem Zeitpunkt des Schweißvorgangs und den vorgegebenen Schweißparametern auf den Behälter aufgedruckt werden. Hierdurch kann automatisiert und verlässlich festgehalten werden, dass der so gekennzeichnete Behälter nach Abschluss des Schweißverfahrens in korrekter Weise mit der Verschlussvorrichtung verschweißt wurde. So kann gewährleistet werden, dass die Behälter, die das Schweißverfahren und die anschließende Überprüfung positiv durchlaufen haben, ausgeliefert werden können. Evtl. später feststellbare Mängel an der Schweißnaht können somit mit Bestimmtheit nicht dem Schweißverfahren angelastet werden, sondern müssen beim späteren Transport oder Einsatz der Behälter entstanden sein.After this check, in an expedient form of the method, a corresponding marking of the container can take place, in which the detected distance of the welding operation, together with further information, for example the time of the welding operation and the predetermined welding parameters, are printed on the container. As a result, it can be recorded automatically and reliably that the container marked in this way was correctly welded to the closure device after completion of the welding process. This ensures that the containers that passed the welding process and the subsequent inspection can be delivered. Possibly. Defects which can be detected later on the weld can therefore not be attributed to the welding process with certainty, but must have arisen during the subsequent transport or use of the containers.
Im abschließenden Verfahrensschritt wird der Gewindering der Führung automatisch vom Ausgussstutzen des Behälters gelöst und der verschweißte Behälter weiter transportiert.In the final process step, the threaded ring of the guide is automatically released from the spout of the container and the welded container transported on.
Ein weiterer besonders vorteilhafter Aspekt des Verfahrens ist, dass es auch zum Verschweißen von Behältern verwendet werden kann, die mit explosionsgefährdeten Stoffen befüllt sind, also in explosionsgefährdeter Atmosphäre (ATEX) durchführbar ist. Ist beispielsweise ein mit einer Verschlussvorrichtung zu verschweißender Kanister mit Methanol befüllt, so ist zu berücksichtigen, dass die bei Raumtemperatur entstehenden Methanoldämpfe mit der Umgebungsluft ein explosionsfähiges Gemisch bilden. Es ist daher eine spezifische Zündtemperatur dieser Mischung bei der Auslegung des Verfahrens und der Verwendung der entsprechenden Betriebsmittel zu berücksichtigen.Another particularly advantageous aspect of the method is that it can also be used for welding containers that are filled with explosive substances, so in explosive atmosphere (ATEX) is feasible. If, for example, a canister to be welded with a closure device is filled with methanol, then it must be taken into account that the Room temperature resulting methanol vapors with the ambient air form an explosive mixture. It is therefore necessary to take into account a specific ignition temperature of that mixture when designing the method and using the appropriate equipment.
Der Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens liegt demnach darin, dass es ohne aufwendigen konstruktiven Aufwand auch in einer geschlossenen explosionsgefährdeten Atmosphäre durchführbar ist. Hierfür sind lediglich die für den Ablauf des Verfahrens erforderlichen Aggregate und elektrischen Betriebsmittel entsprechend der vorliegenden Zone explosionsfähiger Atmosphäre zu wählen und in das Verfahren zu implementieren. Am Ende des Schweißverfahrens verlässt demnach ein verschweißtes und geprüftes Behältnis den geschlossenen Bereich.The advantage of the method according to the invention is therefore that it can be carried out without complex design effort even in a closed explosive atmosphere. For this purpose, only required for the course of the process units and electrical equipment corresponding to the present zone of explosive atmosphere to be selected and implemented in the process. At the end of the welding process, therefore, a welded and tested container leaves the closed area.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Verschweißen einer Verschlussvorrichtung auf dem Ausgussstutzen eines Behälters mittels Ultraschall wird hierbei durch eine vorteilhafte Vorrichtung umgesetzt, die zum einen aus der Vorrichtung zur Fixierung des Ausgussstutzens und zum anderen aus dem Ultraschallverschweißer gebildet wird.The inventive method for welding a closure device on the spout of a container by means of ultrasound is hereby implemented by an advantageous device, which is formed on the one hand from the device for fixing the spout and the other from the Ultraschallverschweißer.
Die Vorrichtung zum Fixieren des Ausgussstutzens umfasst zum einen eine Führung mit negativem Gewinde, welches korrespondierend zum positiven Gewinde des Ausgussstutzens ausgebildet ist. Dieses Gewinde wird automatisiert angetrieben von einem Motor, beispielsweise über ein Zahnradgetriebe. Zum Betrieb der Vorrichtung in einer explosionsgefährdeten Atmosphäre ist es zweckmäßig, als Antrieb einen druckluftbetriebenen Motor mit ATEX-Zulassung zu wählen, um eine Zündung des explosionsfähigen Luftgemischs sicher ausschließen zu können.The device for fixing the spout comprises on the one hand a guide with a negative thread, which is designed corresponding to the positive thread of the spout. This thread is automatically driven by a motor, for example via a gear transmission. For operation of the device in a potentially explosive atmosphere, it is expedient to select a drive with a compressed-air-operated engine with ATEX approval as the drive in order to be able to reliably exclude ignition of the explosive air mixture.
Zweckmäßigerweise ist die zuvor beschriebene Vorrichtung zum Fixieren des Ausgussstutzens auf einer Führungsachse geführt, auf der auch der Ultraschallverschweißer geführt wird. Dieser wird ebenfalls auf den Ausgussstutzen abgesenkt, wobei die Sonotrode in die Führung eingreift und den in dieser fixierten Ausgussstutzen mit der eingesetzten Verschlussvorrichtung verschweißt. Zweckmäßigerweise kommt auch hierbei ein Antrieb zum Einsatz, der als Betriebsmittel in explosionsgefährdeter Atmosphäre zugelassen ist, beispielsweise ein druckluftbetriebener Motor.Conveniently, the device described above for fixing the spout is guided on a guide axis, on which also the ultrasonic sealer is guided. This is also lowered to the spout, wherein the sonotrode engages in the guide and welded in this fixed spout with the inserted closure device. Conveniently, a drive is also used in this case, which is approved as equipment in potentially explosive atmospheres, such as a compressed air engine.
Desweiteren umfasst die Vorrichtung Messglieder und Auswertungs- und Steuerelektronik, um den Schweißvorgang definiert durchzuführen und das Ergebnis in Bezug auf den Schweißweg zu überprüfen. Auch diese Komponenten sind zweckmäßigerweise so auszulegen, dass sie in einer explosionsfähigen Atmosphäre einsetzbar sind.Furthermore, the device comprises measuring elements and evaluation and control electronics to perform the welding process defined and to check the result in relation to the welding path. These components are also expediently designed so that they can be used in an explosive atmosphere.
Schließlich kommt zur abschließenden Kennzeichnung des bearbeiteten Behälters ein Drucksystem, beispielsweise auf Basis der Tintenstrahltechnik, zum Einsatz, welches ebenfalls für einen Einsatz im Ex-Bereich konfiguriert werden kann. Somit ist sichergestellt, dass die gesamte Vorrichtung im Ex-Bereich gefahren werden kann und somit ein geschlossenes System verwirklichbar ist.Finally, for the final marking of the processed container, a printing system, for example based on inkjet technology, is used, which can likewise be configured for use in the Ex area. This ensures that the entire device can be driven in the Ex area and thus a closed system can be realized.
Nachfolgend ist eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens anhand zweier schematischer Zeichnungen beschrieben.An apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention is described below with reference to two schematic drawings.
Es zeigenShow it
Die Figuren verdeutlichen lediglich schematisch den Ablauf des Verfahrens und die Anordnung der Betriebsmittel, wobei auf eine detaillerte Darstellung mit elektronischen Komponenten und einer Druckstation verzichtet wurde.The figures illustrate only schematically the course of the process and the arrangement of the resources, which has been dispensed with a detailed representation with electronic components and a printing station.
Die in
Beim Aufschrauben erfolgt die Drehbewegung des negativen Gewindes
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EP0074343A2 (en) * | 1981-09-08 | 1983-03-16 | Akerlund & Rausing Licens Aktiebolag | Method and apparatus for manufacturing a container having an inner end closure |
US5566529A (en) * | 1994-02-22 | 1996-10-22 | Sireix; Georges | Process for manufacturing a tubular package, and package obtained by the implementation of the process |
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DE4206584C2 (en) | 1992-03-03 | 1994-03-10 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Device and method for connecting two components by means of ultrasound |
US5170929A (en) | 1992-05-29 | 1992-12-15 | International Business Machines Corporation | Ultrasonic adhesion/dehesion monitoring apparatus with acoustic transducer means |
ES2118244T3 (en) | 1992-07-31 | 1998-09-16 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | PROCEDURE FOR THE EVALUATION OF WELDING PROCESSES. |
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EP0074343A2 (en) * | 1981-09-08 | 1983-03-16 | Akerlund & Rausing Licens Aktiebolag | Method and apparatus for manufacturing a container having an inner end closure |
US5566529A (en) * | 1994-02-22 | 1996-10-22 | Sireix; Georges | Process for manufacturing a tubular package, and package obtained by the implementation of the process |
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