DE102008021493A1 - Sprinkler for use in e.g. deluge sprinkler system, for use in building for fire protection purposes, has sprinkler hood for transferring heat radiation of fire from provided area to thermal releasing element - Google Patents

Abstract

The sprinkler (1) has a sprinkler hood (3) for transferring a heat radiation (4) of fire from a provided area (6) to a thermal releasing element (2) e.g. solder-type element, where the sprinkler is arranged in the sprinkler hood. The sprinkler hood reflects the heat radiation on a point of the releasing element or an area of the releasing element. The sprinkler hood consists of metal, glass, ceramics, plastic or an aluminum connection. The sprinkler with the sprinkler hood is designed in a covered manner.

Description

The The invention relates to a sprinkler with a thermal tripping element in a hood according to the preamble of the first claim and a fire extinguishing system with sprinkler.

The Invention is suitable for sprinklers with thermal tripping element, z. Glass ampoule or hot melt element or electronic heat detector / sensor, in fire extinguishing systems, in the ceiling or wall of a Room to be mounted in a building, the sprinkler arranged in a sprinkler hood and in case of fire after release the thermal tripping element an extinguishing agent distributed in the space underneath.

Sprinkler, which are arranged in sprinkler hoods have been known for years.

It is common, hanging sprinklers with so-called Rosettes to install, which is the opening between the Mounting opening for the sprinkler and its supply line and close the ceiling. Such rosettes can be formed hood-shaped.

In US 3,998,273 a Sprinklerhaube is described which has a cylindrical or conical shape to arrange a sprinkler therein so that it does not or only slightly above the plane of the ceiling or wall protrudes. Such optically chosen arrangement is called a recessed or flush sprinkler. In the US 3,998,273 The construction shown additionally has a disposable in case of fire cover, which may have different shapes. If such a cover exists, it is called a hidden sprinkler.

A cylindrical sprinkler hood with sprinkler and a removable cover in a room to be monitored for incipient fires is in JP 11 14 69 26 A described.

Also DE 20 2005 005 243.4 describes a sprinkler in a sprinkler hood where there is a cover which is removed as soon as the sprinkler is triggered. The sprinkler hood has a rotationally symmetrical conical shape, wherein the sprinkler is arranged.

In EP 0 529 574 A1 a shielding hood is described, which is arranged rotationally symmetrical about a sprinkler, has a bell shape and whose task is to direct the spray of the sprinkler in a certain direction, so that other sprinklers are not cooled and timely trigger.

• – eine ortsgenaue Montage,
• – einen Abschluß des Raumes z. B. nach oben, in den der Sprinkler hineinwirkt,
• – das Halten einer Abdeckung unter dem Sprinkler oder
• – eine Abschirmung der Sprühwirkung des Sprinklers gegenüber anderen Sprinklern.

Sprinklers with thermal tripping element and sprinkler hoods usually interact with them in view of the following known tasks:

• - an exact installation,
• - a conclusion of the room z. B. upward, in which the sprinkler acts,
• - Holding a cover under the sprinkler or
• - A shielding of the spray action of the sprinkler over other sprinklers.

• 1. Wärmeleitung
• 2. Konvektion
• 3. Wärmestrahlung.

Sprinkler hoods known from the above-mentioned documents have different shapes and are only suitable for responding to a part of the energy released by a fire. For a sprinkler to trigger, heat transfer from the fire to the firing element of the sprinkler is required. The heat transfer can take place via three different mechanisms of action:

• 1. heat conduction
• 2. convection
• 3. heat radiation.

There there is air between the fire and the sprinkler, the one is poor heat conductor, this phenomenon can neglected here.

at A fire would be called flue gases produced in the area of the fire (plume). This upwards Flow leads to one in the area of the fire Suction effect that entrains and heats air from the environment. The hot mixture of air and fumes flows to the ceiling and along it. The past the sprinkler Gases transfer the heat to the trigger element, until the sprinkler trips. This convection based Heat transfer mechanism is known in the art Exploited sprinkler constructions.

However, known constructions are not suitable for transferring in addition the largest possible proportion of the heat radiation released by the fire to the thermal triggering element of the sprinkler. But this is especially necessary in unfavorable installation positions of the sprinkler, so that the trigger element reacts quickly and reliably in case of fire. An unfavorable installation position of the sprinkler is given in all recessed, flush or concealed sprinklers, since here the hot gases flowing parallel to the ceiling flow around the trigger element only poorly. Other unfavorable positions are also given when sprinklers are installed in high ceilings or sprinklers to cover a large protection area (extended coverage). In buildings and facilities with directed air flow, z. B. by forced ventilation or the ceiling inclination, it can in case of fire to a deflection of the hot gases come so that the known sprinklers and fire extinguishing systems there is a risk that the convective heat transfer takes place on sprinklers, which are not installed in the area of the fire, but farther away. In this case, the fire extinguishing system triggers later, so that a fire is delayed only delayed.

It It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a sprinkler with thermal Trigger element and sprinkler hood for fire extinguishing systems to develop not only on the convective generated by the fire Flow, but in addition to the heat radiation the fire reacts and thus triggers as quickly as possible. This is very important in terms of personal protection.

These Task is by a sprinkler with thermal tripping element in a sprinkler hood according to the features of the first claim and fire extinguishing systems with sprinkler and sprinkler hood solved according to claims 7 to 9.

under claims give advantageous embodiments of the invention again.

The Solution according to the invention sees a sprinkler with thermal release element for fire extinguishing systems, where the sprinkler is located in a sprinkler hood, before, where the sprinkler hood is suitable, the heat radiation the fire from a designated area like a reflector on the To transmit triggering element. From physics is known that heat radiation in a waveband from 0.1 to 100 microns takes place. thermal radiation is reflected as visible light, which is part of this wave range is. Targeted investigations of fires have shown that emitted by the fire heat radiation by suitable Sprinklerhauben targeted to the thermal tripping element of the sprinkler can be deflected.

at a concealed or recessed sprinkler with thermal Trigger element and reflective sprinkler hood causes the bundling of incident heat radiation a significant increase in the response speed of the Trigger element.

By a targeted shaping of the inner contour of the sprinkler hood and a surface with sufficient reflectivity It is possible to focus the incident radiation in one spot to bundle and the local temperature clearly to increase (burning glass effect). Ideally, the thermal Trigger element of the sprinkler positioned exactly in focus, so that the incident heat radiation is the trigger element earlier causes it to trigger than it does at the mere Impact by the non-focused radiation possible would. The focal point or range can also be over the entire length of the thermal tripping element can be adjusted, which by suitable shaping of the sprinkler hood is possible.

critical is that the sprinkler hood in the fire extinguishing system has a shape with the reverse of the reflector of a lamp Heat from a "field of view" assigned to the sprinkler the trigger element is routed. Advantageous for the Sprinkler hoods are all shapes, as they are for lamp reflectors are suitable, that is preferably rotationally symmetrical with bell-shaped, oval, semicircular or polygonal Contour, or faceted or as a so-called freeform surface each with reflecting to the desired area of individual reflection surfaces.

It is not necessary that the entire surface of the Sprinkler hood heat radiation from the protected Space reflected on the trigger element; from constructive For reasons, it may be necessary only a part of the sprinkler hood to design such. B. to the attachment of the sprinkler in the Sprinklerhaube or multi-part structures to allow.

The Hood can also have openings through which convective moved hot gases targeted to the trigger element be guided.

The Triggering element can be a bursting element with liquid or constitute a fusible link.

Advantageous is it when the sprinkler hood with a reflective surface is provided. Suitable are chromed, mirrored, sealed, polished or faceted surfaces.

Farther It is advantageous, the sprinkler hood made of metal, glass, plastic or to produce an aluminum compound. Depending on what temperatures are expected from the fire and what distances the Sprinklerhaube should have to fire, the expert will be the appropriate Select material yourself.

Advantageous is it still, the sprinkler with sprinkler hood as hidden or reset sprinkler, d. H. with a cover.

The fire extinguishing systems and sprinklers and sprinkler hoods described in this patent can be designed as sprinkler systems and spray water into intended areas through the respective triggering sprinklers. They can also be designed as Sprühwasserlöschanlagen, gas extinguishing systems or extinguishing systems with other extinguishing agents or extinguishing agent mixtures, in de The extinguishing agent is discharged via open nozzles and sprinklers in a sprinkler hood are only used to trigger the extinguishing system.

The solution according to the invention has the advantage that fire extinguishing systems with sprinklers and the described Significant thermal release element in a cover more sensitive to a fire and trigger faster.

in the The invention is based on four figures and exemplary embodiments explained in more detail. The figures show:

1 : Sprinkler in a fire-extinguishing system with thermal release element and sprinkler hood in a room ceiling over an area

2 : Fire extinguisher sprinkler with sprinkler hood in a sloping ceiling over an area

3 : Sprinkler in a faceted sprinkler hood

4 : Schematic representation of the beam paths in a sprinkler hood.

The 1 shows a sprinkler 1 with thermal release element 2 in the sprinkler hood 3 for an area to be monitored 6 which is within the radiation angle α on a surface to be monitored 7 located. The radiation angle α is in the example shown between 70 and 90 degrees. The sprinkler 1 is with his sprinkler hood 3 in the ceiling 9 used. The one of an area 6 outgoing heat radiation 4 is from the sprinkler hood 3 so reflected that it is the trigger element 2 , a liquid-filled glass ampule, and in addition to the heat transfer by convection heated, so that the ampoule triggers as quickly as possible. The diameter 10 the sprinkler hood 3 in the present case is 7 cm, their height 11 is 3.5 cm, with this information being exemplary. The sprinkler hood 3 has a bell shape, wherein here, for example, three areas are present, which have a different angle to each other.

The 2 shows on a sloping ceiling 9 three sprinklers 1 with sprinkler hoods 3 for detecting a fire 5 wherein the angle α indicates the area of the lower sprinkler 1 with sprinkler hood 3 monitored and recorded. By the angle β and height of the ceiling 9 For example, here is a reasonable angle α between 20 and 30 degrees.

The fire 5 Ascending heat dissolves the second sprinkler in conventional fire extinguishing systems 1 whose spray area is to the right of the fire 5 is located so that it is deleted only partially or incompletely. With the fire extinguishing system according to the invention, the sprinkler detects 1 with sprinkler hood 3 the fire 5 in whose spray area the fire 5 lies.

The 3 shows a sprinkler 1 in a faceted sprinkler hood 3 , Through the faceted sprinkler hood 3 there is the possibility of heat radiation 4 targeted to the entire length of the trigger element 2 to reflect. By way of example, the height was given as 35 mm and the diameter as 70 mm.

The 4 shows schematically in section the reflection and bundling of the heat radiation 4 on such a sprinkler hood 3 on the thermal trigger element 2 ,

1

sprinkler

2

triggering element

3

Sprinklerhaube

4

thermal radiation

5

fire

6

Area

7

Monitored area

8th

threaded socket

9

blanket

10

diameter the sprinkler hood

11

height the sprinkler hood

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - US 3998273 [0005, 0005]
• JP 11146926 A [0006]
• - DE 202005005243 [0007]
• - EP 0529574 A1 [0008]

Claims (9)

Sprinklers ( 1 ) with thermal tripping element ( 2 ) for fire protection purposes, where the sprinkler ( 1 ) in a sprinkler hood ( 3 ), characterized by - a sprinkler hood ( 3 ), whose shape is suitable, the heat radiation ( 4 ) of the fire ( 5 ) like a reflector from a given area ( 6 ) on the trigger element ( 2 ) of the sprinkler ( 1 ) transferred to. Sprinklers ( 1 ) with sprinkler hood ( 3 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the shape of the sprinkler hood ( 3 ) is suitable, the heat radiation ( 4 ) to a point of the triggering element ( 2 ) or an area of the triggering element ( 2 ) to reflect. Sprinklers ( 1 ) with sprinkler hood ( 3 ) according to claim 2, characterized in that the sprinkler hood ( 3 ) is rotationally symmetric with paraboloider, hyperboloider, bell-shaped, oval, semicircular or a free contour, or facet-shaped or designed as a free-form surface. Sprinklers ( 1 ) with sprinkler hood ( 3 ) according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sprinkler hood ( 3 ) has a chromed, mirrored, sealed, polished or faceted surface or combinations thereof. Sprinklers ( 1 ) with sprinkler hood ( 3 ) according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the sprinkler hood ( 3 ) consists of metal, glass, ceramic, plastic or an aluminum compound. Sprinklers ( 1 ) with sprinkler hood ( 3 ) according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the sprinkler ( 1 ) with sprinkler hood ( 3 ) is executed concealed. Fire extinguishing system with a sprinkler ( 1 ) with sprinkler hood ( 3 ) according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that different predetermined ranges ( 6 ) with different sprinkler hoods ( 3 ) are arranged within a room. Fire extinguishing system with sprinkler ( 1 ) with sprinkler hood ( 3 ) according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the fire extinguishing system is a spray water extinguishing system by means of a sprinkler ( 1 ) in the sprinkler hood ( 3 ) is triggered. Fire extinguishing system with sprinkler ( 1 ) with sprinkler hood ( 3 ) according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the fire extinguishing system is a gas extinguishing system by means of a sprinkler ( 1 ) in the sprinkler hood ( 3 ) is triggered.