DE102008017960A1 - Flat material web for use as coating on car seats, hand tools, and consumer goods, and as interior carpeting for automobiles or commercial vehicles or interior decoration, has fiber layer made of leather fibers and binding agent - Google Patents

Flat material web for use as coating on car seats, hand tools, and consumer goods, and as interior carpeting for automobiles or commercial vehicles or interior decoration, has fiber layer made of leather fibers and binding agent Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102008017960A1
DE102008017960A1 DE102008017960A DE102008017960A DE102008017960A1 DE 102008017960 A1 DE102008017960 A1 DE 102008017960A1 DE 102008017960 A DE102008017960 A DE 102008017960A DE 102008017960 A DE102008017960 A DE 102008017960A DE 102008017960 A1 DE102008017960 A1 DE 102008017960A1
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Prior art keywords
flat material
leather
fiber
material web
layer
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DE102008017960A
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German (de)
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Alexander Stoll
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Bader GmbH and Co KG
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Bader GmbH and Co KG
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Priority to DE102008017960A priority Critical patent/DE102008017960A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L89/00—Compositions of proteins; Compositions of derivatives thereof
    • C08L89/04—Products derived from waste materials, e.g. horn, hoof or hair
    • C08L89/06—Products derived from waste materials, e.g. horn, hoof or hair derived from leather or skin, e.g. gelatin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/02—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising animal or vegetable substances, e.g. cork, bamboo, starch
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/047—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material made of fibres or filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/08—Animal fibres, e.g. hair, wool, silk
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/582—Tearability
    • B32B2307/5825—Tear resistant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2601/00—Upholstery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/003—Interior finishings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/18—Aircraft

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Dermatology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

A flat material web has a fiber layer made of leather fibers and a binding agent. 60 wt.% of the leather fibers within the fiber layer are included, which are made of tanned or un-tanned leather of predetermined diameter. The fiber layer has a thickness of 1.1-3 times the corresponding fiber diameter. An independent claim is included for a method for producing flat material web, which involves chopping the tanned or un-tanned leather.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Flachmaterialbahn mit einer Faserschicht aus Lederfasern und einem Bindemittel sowie ein Verfahren zu deren Herstellung.The The invention relates to a flat material web with a fibrous layer of leather fibers and a binder and a method for their Production.

Bei der Lederherstellung ist es bekannt, dass Abfallprodukte aus gegerbtem oder vorgegerbtem Leder aufgearbeitet werden, um daraus brauchbare Werkstücke zu gewinnen. Bei einem in der Praxis bekannten Verfahren werden anteilig Falzspäne und Bindemittel zu bahnförmigen Flächengebilden verarbeitet, die üblicherweise als Lederfaserwerkstoffe bezeichnet werden. Zur Herstellung der Flächengebilde werden in einem aufwändigen Nassmahlprozess die Beschneideabfälle aufgefasert und mit natürlicher oder künstlicher Latex als Bindemittel vermischt. Weiter ist es bekannt, Ledermahlgut, das aus Lederabfällen hergestellt wurde, mit einem mehr oder weniger hohen Anteil thermoplastischem Bindemittel und Weichmacher zu mischen und danach in ein Formwerkzeug einzubringen. Um die typischen Ledereigenschaften zu erhalten, werden nur Bindemittel verwendet, die unterhalb 160°C schmelzen. Wegen des verhältnismäßig hohen Bindemittelanteils von 60 Gew.-% können die Lederfasern bei dieser bekannten Zusammensetzung als Füllstoff für Bindemittel angesehen werden.at Leather manufacturing is known to be made from tanned waste products or pre-tanned leather are worked up to gain useful workpieces. In a method known in practice, there are proportionately folded shavings and binders to sheet-shaped fabrics processed, usually be referred to as leather fiber materials. For the production of Be flat in an elaborate Wet grinding process the trimming waste fiberized and with natural or artificial Latex mixed as a binder. It is also known, leather meal, that made of leather waste was prepared, with a more or less high proportion of thermoplastic To mix binder and plasticizer and then into a mold contribute. To get the typical leather properties, be only used binders that melt below 160 ° C. Because of the relatively high Binder content of 60 wt .-%, the leather fibers in this known Composition as a filler for binders be considered.

Eine wesentliche Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, eine Flachmaterialbahn zu entwickeln, die dünnwandig ausgeführt werden kann und dennoch lederartige Eigenschaften bei hoher Reißfestigkeit aufweist. Eine weitere Aufgabe besteht in der Entwicklung eines Verfahrens zur Herstellung einer solchen Flachmaterialbahn.A essential object of the invention is a flat material web to develop, the thin-walled accomplished can be and yet leathery properties with high tear resistance having. Another task is the development of a Process for producing such a flat material web.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe werden die in den Patentansprüchen 1 und 9 angegebenen Merkmalskombinationen vorgeschlagen. Vorteilhafte Ausges taltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen.to solution This object is achieved by the feature combinations specified in claims 1 and 9 proposed. Advantageous Ausges statements and developments The invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

Der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung liegt vor allem der Gedanke zugrunde, dass die aus gegerbtem oder vorgegerbtem Leder bestehenden, einen vorgegebenen Durchmesser aufweisenden Lederfasern innerhalb der Faserschicht einen Gewichtsanteil von mindestens 60% aufweisen und dass die Schichtdicke der Faserschicht dem 1,1- bis 3-fachen des Faserdurchmessers entspricht. Eine bevorzugte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass der Faserdurchmesser 0,1 bis 0,4 mm beträgt und dass der Gewichtsanteil der Lederfasern in der Faserschicht mindestens 60% beträgt. Die Faserlänge entspricht zweckmäßig dem 2- bis 10-fachen des Faserdurchmessers.Of the solution according to the invention especially the idea underlying that of tanned or pre-tanned Leather existing, predetermined diameter leather fibers within the fiber layer has a weight fraction of at least 60% and that the layer thickness of the fiber layer is 1.1 to 3 times the fiber diameter corresponds. A preferred embodiment The invention provides that the fiber diameter 0.1 to 0.4 mm is and that the proportion by weight of the leather fibers in the fiber layer at least 60%. The fiber length appropriately corresponds to the 2 to 10 times the fiber diameter.

Im Bindemittel wird zweckmäßig Polyvinylacetat oder Ethylenvenylacetat als Hauptbestandteil verwendet, das chemisch an den Lederfasern andockt und zusammen mit diesen in einer zähen biegsamen Konsistenz aushärtet. Mit diesen Maßnahmen ist es möglich, eine Faserschicht von weniger als 1 mm bei hoher Reißfestigkeit und mit lederartiger Haptik herzustellen. Um eine Verbesserung in der Handhabung und in der Haptik des Lederfaserwerkstoffs zu erzielen, wird gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, dass einer der Breitseiten der Faserschicht mit einer Schicht aus der Gruppe Textilstoff, Kunststoff, Schaumstoff oder Kork kaschiert ist. Außerdem kann die freie Breitseitenfläche der Faserschicht mit einer lederartigen Oberflächenprägung oder Aufrauhung versehen oder lederartig geglättet werden.in the Binder is useful polyvinyl acetate or ethylene-vinyl acetate as the main ingredient used chemically docks on the leather fibers and together with these in a tough flexible Consistency hardens. With these measures Is it possible, a fiber layer of less than 1 mm with high tensile strength and leather-like feel. To an improvement in the handling and feel of the leather fiber material, is according to a advantageous embodiment of the invention proposed that a the broad sides of the fiber layer with a layer from the group Fabric, plastic, foam or cork is laminated. In addition, can the free broadside surface the fiber layer provided with a leather-like surface embossing or roughening or smoothed leathery become.

Ein besonders vorteilhaftes Verfahren zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Flachmaterialbahnen besteht darin, dass gegerbtes oder vorgegerbtes Ledermaterial in einem ersten Verfahrensschritt zerkleinert und über ein Conidursieb gezogen und dabei unter Erzeugung von Lederfasern mit einem Durchmesser von 0,1 bis 0,4 mm zerfasert wird und dass die Lederfasern mit einem an diesen chemisch andockenden zähen und biegsamen Kunst stoff als Bindemittel unter Erzeugung eines Matrixwerkstoffs mit einem Lederfaseranteil ≥ 60% gemischt und unter Bildung einer Flachmaterialfolie mit einem dem 1,1- bis 3-fachen des Faserdurchmessers entsprechenden Schichtdicke extrudiert und/oder kalandriert und/oder gepresst werden. Um die beim Zerfasern anfallenden Leserfasern vor der Mischung mit dem Bindemittel besser transport- und lagerfähig zu machen, können sie in einem zweiten Verfahrensschritt zu Pellets verdichtet werden.One Particularly advantageous method for producing the flat material webs according to the invention is that tanned or pre-tanned leather material in comminuted in a first process step and pulled over a Conidursieb and thereby producing leather fibers with a diameter of 0.1 to 0.4 mm is shredded and that the leather fibers with a on these chemically docking tough and flexible plastic as a binder to form a matrix material with a leather fiber content ≥ 60% mixed and to form a flat sheet with a the 1.1 to 3 times the fiber diameter corresponding layer thickness extruded and / or calendered and / or pressed. To the when shredding accumulating reader fibers before mixing with the They can make binders better transportable and storable be compacted into pellets in a second process step.

Während des Extrusions-, Kalandrier- oder Pressvorgangs ist es von Vorteil, wenn das Gemisch bei einer Temperatur von 120 bis 170°C zähflüssig gehalten wird. Als Bindemittel kommt vor allem Polyvinylacetat oder Ethylenvenylacetat in Betracht.During the Extrusion, calendering or pressing process, it is advantageous when the mixture is kept viscous at a temperature of 120 to 170 ° C becomes. As a binder is mainly polyvinyl acetate or ethylene vinyl acetate into consideration.

Die Flachmaterialfolie kann zur Verbesserung ihres Oberflächenaussehens im Zuge des Extrusions-, Kalandrier- oder Pressvorgangs oder danach einer Oberflächenprägung oder -glättung unterzogen werden. Die Oberflächenprägung oder -glättung wird zweckmäßig auf die Flachmaterialfolie aufgewalzt. Außerdem kann die Flachmaterialfolie einseitig mit einem Schichtmaterial beschichtet oder kaschiert werden. Zur Beschichtung kommt dabei ein Schichtmaterial aus der Gruppe Textilstoff, Kunststoff, Schaumstoff, Kork in Betracht. Das Schichtmaterial kann beispielsweise im Koextrusionsverfahren auf die Faserschicht aufgebracht werden, wobei entweder das Bindemittel oder ein zusätzlicher Klebstoff als Haftvermittler eingesetzt werden kann.The Flat sheet can improve its surface appearance in the course of the extrusion, calendering or pressing process or afterwards a surface embossing or -smoothing be subjected. The surface embossing or -smoothing will be useful the flat material film rolled on. In addition, the sheet of flat material coated on one side with a layer material or laminated. The coating is a layer material from the group Fabric, plastic, foam, cork into consideration. The layer material For example, in the coextrusion process on the fiber layer be applied, either the binder or an additional Adhesive can be used as a primer.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.In the following the invention is based on egg Nes preferred embodiment explained in more detail.

Lederreststoffe aus der Lederverarbeitung, wie z. B. Stanzgitter aus gegerbtem Leder oder aus der Vorgerbung, die sowohl vegetabil oder mit Chromsalzen gegerbt waren, wurden zunächst in eine einheitliche Faserform gebracht. Dies erfolgte unter Verwendung eines Conidursiebs, dessen Lochdurchmesser 0,4 mm betrug. Es entstanden dabei Lederfasern, deren Durchmesser maximal 0,4 mm betrugen. Auf Sorten und Farbreinheit wurde geachtet. Auf die Faserlänge kam es aber nicht an. Damit das hierbei entstehende große Faservolumen bei einem späteren Extrusionsprozess handhabbar bleibt, wurden die Fasern im Kollergang zu Lederfaserpellets gepresst. Lederfaserpellets mit einem Gewichtsanteil von 60% wurden mit einem Kunststoff-Additivgemisch mit einem Gewichtsanteil von 40% mittels eines Doppelschneckenextruders gemischt. Als Kunststoff wurde Polyvinylacetat verwendet, während als Additive vor allem Gleitmittel, Farbschutzmittel, Farbpigmente, Fließmittel eingesetzt wurden. Das dabei entstehende Compoundmaterial wurde im Heißabschlag granuliert. Zur Vermeidung eines Verklumpens wurde das Granulat gekühlt und für die Weiterverarbeitung verpackt.Leather waste from the leather processing, such. B. Punching grid made of tanned leather or from the pre-tanning, which is both vegetable or with chromium salts were tanned, were first brought into a uniform fiber shape. This was done using a Conidursiebs whose hole diameter was 0.4 mm. It originated while leather fibers whose diameter was a maximum of 0.4 mm. On Varieties and color purity was respected. On the fiber length came but not on. So that the resulting large fiber volume at a later Extrusion process remains manageable, the fibers were in the muller pressed to leather fiber pellets. Leather fiber pellets with one part by weight of 60% were mixed with a plastic additive mixture containing one part by weight of 40% mixed by means of a twin-screw extruder. As plastic Polyvinyl acetate was used while as additives mainly Lubricants, colorants, color pigments, flow agents were used. The resulting compound material was in the hot tee granulated. To prevent lumping, the granules chilled and for packed the finishing.

Die Weiterverarbeitung erfolgte durch Extrusion mit einer Breitschlitzdüse und einem Kalander oder mittels einer Bandpresse. Dabei entstanden Folien mit einer Wanddicke von 0,5 bis 0,8 mm.The Further processing was carried out by extrusion with a slot die and a Calender or by means of a belt press. This resulted in slides with a wall thickness of 0.5 to 0.8 mm.

Die weiteren Verarbeitungsschritte richten sich nach der Verwendung der Lederfaserfolie. Für den Einsatz in Flugzeugen hat die Folie eine Reihe von Vorgaben zu erfüllen, wie

  • – geringes Flächengewicht
  • – flammhemmend
  • – hygienische Oberfläche
  • – Soft-Touch.
The further processing steps depend on the use of the leather fiber film. For use in aircraft, the film has a number of specifications to meet, such as
  • - low basis weight
  • - flame retardant
  • - hygienic surface
  • - Soft touch.

Damit diese Vorgaben erfüllt werden können, wurde die Lederfaserfolie veredelt. Eine Veredelung erfolgte schon im Compoundierprozess, beispielsweise durch Zusatz eines Flammschutzmittels als Additiv und im Anschluss an die Folienherstellung durch Kaschieren von flammhemmenden Schäumen und durch Oberflächenschutz in Form einer flammhemmenden Zurichtung.In order to meets these requirements could become refined the leather fiber foil. A refining took place already in Compounding process, for example by adding a flame retardant as an additive and following the film production by laminating of flame retardant foams and through surface protection in the form of a flame-retardant finish.

Wesentliche Vorteile der Folie mit der geringen Wanddicke und dem hohen Lederfaseranteil sind die thermische Verformbarkeit, die Tiefziehbarkeit unter Vakuum und die Möglichkeit eines Hinterspritzens mit einer zweiten Komponente bei geringer Gesamtwandstärke.basics Advantages of the film with the small wall thickness and high leather fiber content are the thermal deformability, the deep drawability under vacuum and the possibility back injection with a second component at low Total wall thickness.

Zusammenfassend ist folgendes festzuhalten: Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Flachmaterialbahn mit einer Faserschicht bestehend aus Lederfasern und Bindemittel sowie auf ein Verfahren zu deren Herstellung. Erfindungsgemäß wird gegerbtes oder vorgegerbtes Ledermaterial zerkleinert und über ein Conidursieb gezogen und dabei unter Erzeugung von Lederfasern mit einem Durchmesser von 0,1 bis 0,4 mm zerfasert. Die Lederfasern können in einem weiteren Verfahrensschritt zu Pellets verdichtet werden. Die Lederfasern werden dann vorzugsweise in Form der Pellets mit einem an den Lederfasern chemisch andockenden zähen und biegsamen Kunststoff als Bindemittel unter Erzeugung eines Matrixwerkstoffs mit einem Lederfaseranteil von mindestens 60% gemischt. Anschließend wird der Matrixwerkstoff unter Bildung einer Flachmaterialfolie mit einer dem 1,1- bis 3-fachen des Faserdurchmessers entsprechenden Schichtdicke extrudiert und/oder kalandriert und/oder gepresst. Die Flachmaterialfolie kann auf ihrer einen Seite mit einem Schichtmaterial kaschiert und auf ihrer anderen Seite oberflächengeprägt, aufgerauht oder geglättet werden.In summary the following is to be noted: The invention relates to a Flat material web with a fiber layer consisting of leather fibers and binders and a process for their preparation. According to the invention is tanned or shredded leather material and pulled over a Conidutsieb while producing leather fibers with a diameter of 0.1 to 0.4 mm shredded. The leather fibers can in a further process step be compacted into pellets. The leather fibers are then preferably in the form of pellets with a chemically docking on the leather fibers tough and flexible plastic as a binder to form a matrix material mixed with a leather fiber content of at least 60%. Subsequently, will the matrix material to form a sheet of flat material with a 1.1 to 3 times the fiber diameter corresponding layer thickness extruded and / or calendered and / or pressed. The flat material foil can be laminated on one side with a layer material and surface embossed on its other side, roughened or smoothed become.

Claims (18)

Flachmaterialbahn mit einer Faserschicht aus Lederfasern und einem Bindemittel, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die aus gegerbtem oder vorgegerbtem Leder bestehenden, einen vorgegebenen Durchmesser aufweisenden Lederfasern innerhalb der Faserschicht einen Gewichtsanteil von mindestens 60% aufweisen, und dass die Schichtdicke der Faserschicht dem 1,1- bis 3-fachen des Faserdurchmessers entspricht.Flat material web with a fiber layer of leather fibers and a binder, characterized in that consisting of tanned or pre-tanned leather, a predetermined diameter leather fibers within the fiber layer have a weight fraction of at least 60%, and in that the layer thickness of the fiber layer 1.1- 3 times the fiber diameter corresponds. Flachmaterialbahn nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Faserdurchmesser 0,1 bis 0,4 mm beträgt.Flat material web according to claim 1, characterized that the fiber diameter is 0.1 to 0.4 mm. Flachmaterialbahn nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Faserlänge dem 2- bis 10-fachen des Faserdurchmessers entspricht.Flat material web according to claim 1 or 2, characterized characterized in that the fiber length which corresponds to 2 to 10 times the fiber diameter. Flachmaterialbahn nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Bindemittel Polyvinylacetat oder Ethylenvenylacetat als Hauptbestandteil enthält.Flat material web according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the binder is polyvinyl acetate or ethylene-vinyl acetate as a main component. Flachmaterialbahn nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine der Breitseiten der Faserschicht mit einer Schicht aus Textilstoff oder Kunststoff kaschiert ist.Flat material web according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that one of the broad sides of the fiber layer laminated with a layer of fabric or plastic. Flachmaterialbahn nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine der Breitseiten der Faserschicht mit einem Schaumstoff oder mit Kork kaschiert ist.Flat material web according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that one of the broad sides of the fiber layer laminated with a foam or with cork. Flachmaterialbahn nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die freie Breitseite der Faserschicht mit einer Oberflächenprägung oder Aufrauhung versehen ist.Flat material web according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the free width side of the fiber layer is provided with a surface embossing or roughening. Flachmaterialbahn nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Faserdurchmesser dem Lochdurchmesser eines für einen Zerteilungsprozess des Leders bei der Faserherstellung verwendeten Conidursiebs entspricht.Flat material web according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the fiber diameter of the hole diameter one for used a dicing process of the leather in fiber production Corresponds Conidursiebs. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Flachmaterialbahn mit einer Faserschicht aus Lederfasern und einem Bindemittel, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass gegerbtes oder vorgegerbtes Ledermaterial in einem ersten Verfahrensschritt zerkleinert und über ein Conidursieb gezogen und dabei unter Erzeugung von Lederfasern mit einem Durchmesser von 0,1 bis 0,4 mm zerfasert wird, dass die Lederfasern mit einem zähen und biegsamen Kunststoff als Bindemittel unter Erzeugung eines Matrixwerkstoffs mit einem Lederfaseranteil von mindestens 60% gemischt werden, und dass der Matrixwerkstoff unter Bildung einer Flachmaterialfolie mit einem dem 1,1- bis 3-fachen des Faserdurchmessers entsprechenden Schichtdicke extrudiert und/oder kalandriert wird.Process for producing a flat material web with a fibrous layer of leather fibers and a binder, thereby characterized in that tanned or pretanned leather material in comminuted in a first process step and pulled over a Conidursieb and thereby producing leather fibers with a diameter from 0.1 to 0.4 mm is fiberized, that the leather fibers with a tough and flexible plastic as a binder to form a matrix material be mixed with a leather fiber content of at least 60%, and that the matrix material to form a sheet of flat material with a 1.1 to 3 times the fiber diameter corresponding Layer thickness is extruded and / or calendered. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lederfasern zu Pellets verdichtet werden, bevor sie mit dem Bindemittel vermischt werden.Method according to claim 9, characterized that the leather fibers are compacted into pellets before using be mixed with the binder. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gemisch beim Extrudier- oder Kalandrier- oder Pressvorgang bei einer Temperatur von 120 bis 170°C zähflüssig gehalten wird.Method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized that the mixture during the extrusion or calendering or pressing process is kept viscous at a temperature of 120 to 170 ° C. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Bindemittel Polyvinylacetat oder Ethylenvenylacetat verwendet wird.Method according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the binder used is polyvinyl acetate or ethylene-vinyl acetate. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Flachmaterialfolie im Zuge des Extrusions- oder Ka landrier- oder Pressvorgangs oder danach einer Oberflächenprägung oder -glättung unterzogen wird.Method according to one of claims 9 to 12, characterized that the flat material foil in the course of the extrusion or Ka-landrier- or pressing operation or thereafter subjected to surface embossing or smoothing becomes. Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Oberflächenprägung oder -glättung auf die Flachmaterialfolie aufgewalzt wird.Method according to claim 13, characterized in that that surface embossing or smoothing on the flat material film is rolled on. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Flachmaterialfolie einseitig mit einem Schichtmaterial beschichtet oder kaschiert wird.Method according to one of claims 9 to 14, characterized that the flat film on one side with a layer material coated or laminated. Verfahren nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Beschichtung ein Schichtmaterial aus der Gruppe Textilstoff, Kunststoff, Schaumstoff, Kork verwendet wird.Method according to claim 15, characterized in that that for coating a layer material from the group fabric, Plastic, foam, cork is used. Verfahren nach Anspruch 15 oder 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Schichtmaterial im Zuge des Extrusions- oder Kalandrier- oder Pressvorgangs auf die Flachmaterialfolie aufgebracht wird.Method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized that the layer material in the course of the extrusion or calendering or pressing operation is applied to the sheet of flat material. Verwendung der Flachmaterialbahn nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, als Überzug auf Automobilsitzen, Handwerkszeugen, Konsumgütern oder als Innenverkleidung für Automobile, oder Nutzfahrzeuge, oder Inneneinrichtungen.Use of the flat material web according to one of claims 1 to 8, as a coating on automobile seats, hand tools, consumer goods or as interior trim for automobiles, or commercial vehicles, or interiors.
DE102008017960A 2008-04-08 2008-04-08 Flat material web for use as coating on car seats, hand tools, and consumer goods, and as interior carpeting for automobiles or commercial vehicles or interior decoration, has fiber layer made of leather fibers and binding agent Withdrawn DE102008017960A1 (en)

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