DE102007054921A1 - Oil mist separator for use in internal combustion engine, has rotor arranged in housing, and gas guide ring radially surrounding rotor, where guide ring is not rotated simultaneously relative to rotor - Google Patents

Abstract

The separator (1) has a rotor (2) arranged in a housing (10), and a gas guide ring (3) radially surrounding the rotor, where the separator is designed as a centrifugal separator. The guide ring extends in an axial direction of the rotor and made from plastic or steel plate. The guide ring is loaded with a preload force, and an oil discharging channel is arranged in the guide ring, where the guide ring is not rotated simultaneously relative to the rotor.

Description

The The present invention relates to oil mist separators Internal combustion engine, as a centrifugal separator with one in one Housing arranged rotor in the form of a stack of plates and with a radially outwardly surrounding the rotor, in the axial direction the rotor extending gas guide ring are executed.

at Internal combustion engine, especially in automotive engineering, is it necessary crankcase ventilation gas from liquid contaminants, especially lubricating oil mist and drops, to clean. To serve u. a. centrifugal separator, which include a Tellerstapelseparator.

Such a Tellerstapelseparator is from the patent DE 103 38 770 B4 known, wherein a plurality of axially arranged plates form a rotor and rotate together and thus pressed due to the resulting centrifugal forces, for example, oil droplets to the outside. There they meet a substantially cylindrical gas guide ring, which surrounds the rotor radially on the outside. This basket is rotatably connected to the rotor, so that the basket rotates with the plates.

Furthermore, from the EP 1 273 335 B1 a Zentrifugalab separator with Tellerstapelseparator known, wherein the rotor is radially outwardly surrounded by a housing and the rotor rotates relative to the fixed housing, so that radially outwardly worn oil impinges on a housing interior side and runs down.

When disadvantageous in these known Zentrifugalabscheidern has proved that the separation efficiency is not always sufficient.

outgoing from this prior art arises for the present Invention the task of oil mist separator of the aforementioned To create kind, which a simple constructive structure with improved Have separation efficiency.

A First solution of the problem succeeds according to the invention by Ölnebelabscheider of the type mentioned, which is characterized in that the Gas guide ring is not co-rotating relative to the rotor.

at a centrifugal separator or an oil mist separator for internal combustion engines with such a trained Tellerstapelseparator is indeed a the rotor or the a plurality of axially superimposed plate outside surrounding Gas guide present, this is not co-rotating with the Rotor formed. This means that the rotor is relative to rotates the surrounding gas guide ring. The gas guide ring forms a Impact separation surface and may be substantially hollow cylindrical be educated. In known manner, the rotor is through powered by a lubricating oil flow. By the turning Plate stack receives the mixture of gas and oil mist a swirling movement and the oil is due the centrifugal force discharged to the outside and separated from the gas. Such a gas guide ring is in a simple manner so manufacturable that the desired functionalities be fulfilled. The gas guide ring can be fixed be formed, for example by connecting with the surrounding housing the centrifugal separator is firmly connected, or he can also be designed to be movable relative to this housing, wherein but he does not turn with the rotor. The advantage of the invention is that the oil mist separator for Internal combustion engine has a simple structure and by the relative to the rotating rotor not co-rotating gas guide oil better deposited from the crankcase ventilation gas becomes.

Further is provided that the gas guide ring in the axial direction of the rotor is movable relative to the rotor and the housing, wherein this movement is the cross section of a clean gas passage between Rotor and gas guide ring is changeable. Thus, an in its size variable gap between the gas guide ring and the rotor formed.

Preferably is further provided that by the movement of the gas guide ring the cross section of the clean gas passage in the sense changeable is that at a smaller clean gas flow rate of the cross section the clean gas passage is smaller and larger Clean gas volume flow, the cross section of the clean gas passage larger is.

Preferably is the axial movement of the Gasleitringes alone by a Flow of the clean gas can be generated. Rule in the rotor a slight overpressure, so the gas guide ring by an axially outwardly flowing gas stream be slightly raised in the axial direction, so as to the gap to enlarge until a pressure equalization is established is. As the volume flow decreases, the gas guide ring automatically sinks again and the gap size is reduced.

So that the gas flow can exert the necessary force on the gas guide ring, an upper edge is designed to be bent radially inwardly on this expediently. For shaping the gas guide this can at its upper edge z. B. bent in an L-shape, so as to divert the gas flow and direct. Alternatively, this upper edge may be formed cranked, ie z. B. have two 90-deflections. By such gutter-shaped edge is in particular a leakage of lubricating oil upwards prevented in a clean gas outlet.

Around an automatic reset of the gas guide ring this is preferable with a preload force subjected to, in the direction of a reduction of the cross section the clean gas passage acts.

there For example, the biasing force acting on the gas guide ring can be by gravity or be generated by spring force.

to Improvement of the separation efficiency is preferably on the inner peripheral side at least one Ölabelitrinne formed on or in the gas guide ring. By This Ölabelitrinne is due to the gas guide ring the centrifugal forces impinging oil down derived and can no longer from the clean gas flow upwards be dissipated with.

Prefers it is further suggested that the at least one Ölabelitrinne along at least one helical line, which in Direction of rotation of the rotor seen facing down. The spin of the Gas flow thus supports the oil removal. In addition, the oil drain trough the oil separation by Support impact separation and flow deflection.

In a simple embodiment, the gas guide ring a closed, form break-free surface.

Of the Gas guide ring can then z. B. by a one-piece hollow cylinder be formed of plastic or metal.

alternative the gas guide ring can be a perforated or porous one Make surface to absorb oil in it.

To can the gas guide ring by a hollow cylindrical lattice or Screen or filter body be formed.

In Another embodiment is proposed that the gas guide ring forming lattice or screen or Filterstoffkörper a non-self-supporting element of woven or knitted fabric or Scrim or knit, preferably of textile material, or of open-cell foam, each with an integrated support body, or from a self-supporting element of a woven or knitted fabric or scrim or knit, preferably of metallic material, or sintered material.

For the collection and discharge of the separated lubricating oil it is favorable if the grid forming the gas guide ring or sieve or filter body a mesh or pore size between 10 and 300 μm.

Around possibly in the direction of the clean gas outlet entrained oil particles Still to settle, it is suggested that in the amount of one Gas outlet side front end of the gas guide ring on an inner peripheral surface of the housing a deflection ring is attached or molded, the against a present there gas flow direction in the interior of the case has. Through the deflection ring is the gas flow forced a sharp deflection of the oil particles can not follow. The oil particles catch rather radially outward of the deflection ring and can be removed from there down.

at the above-described embodiments of Ölnebelabscheiders be in the housing between the inner peripheral surface the housing and the rotor two separate annular spaces educated. On the one hand, this is between the rotor and the gas guide ring a first annulus, through which essentially the clean gas is derived This is not or hardly by the gas guide ring to the outside passes through. On the other hand, between the gas guide ring and the surrounding inner circumferential surface of the housing second annular space formed through which the oil dissipated becomes. By separating these annular spaces is achieved that in the second, outer annulus virtually no Gas flow is more present, leaving the oil There practically flow without turbulence downwards can.

to further reduction of a gas flow in the second, outer Annular space can be between a housing wall of the separator and the gas guide ring be formed a labyrinth seal, the substantially inhibits the passage of a gas stream, so that this second, outer annulus is turbulence free is held.

A second solution of the problem succeeds according to the invention an oil mist separator of the type mentioned, the characterized in that the gas guide ring rotates with the rotor is formed and a perforated or porous surface forms.

Also with this second oil mist separator becomes a high separation efficiency achieved, and this separator is structurally simple and inexpensive can be produced.

Preferably, it is further provided that the gas guide ring is arranged around the rotor such that the gas guide ring between its inner peripheral surface and the outer periphery of the plate stack has a first annular space and between its Außenum fangsfläche and an inner peripheral surface of the housing forms a second annular space. Thus, the above-mentioned advantages of the two annular spaces are achieved even in the second separator.

Of the Gas guide ring is z. B. by a hollow cylindrical grid or sieve body formed.

alternative can the gas guide ring through a hollow cylindrical body be formed from or with lamellae. With the slats can the swirl and the velocity of the gas flow and thus the centrifugal force influenced on the oil droplets, in particular increase. For example, the slats can act like a fan. The slats can be made for example of metal and / or plastic and are preferably designed to be interchangeable to damaged To replace slats. For example, could even several lamellae are clipped together at each end, to get a simple production.

In In a first embodiment, the slats can substantially parallel to the axial direction of the rotor.

alternative there is a possibility that the slats are pointing upwards are slightly inclined inwards.

A Another alternative suggests that the slats up one or more helices obliquely from above to run down.

additional to the latter embodiment, the slats are preferred tilted obliquely outwards.

Further It is suggested that the hollow cylindrical forming the gas guide ring Body a first, radially inner body part with arranged in a first orientation slats and a second, radially outer body part with Having arranged in a second orientation lamellae. hereby the separation efficiency can be further increased.

Around the outer annulus flow-calmed to keep that is provided between the housing and the upper edge region of the co-rotating with the rotor Gasleitringes a labyrinth seal is arranged.

According to the As described above, the oil mist separators according to the invention, one or the other of the two Represent solutions. As a third option is According to the invention provided that the oil mist separator Features of one or more of claims 1 to 16 and Features of one or more of claims 17 to 26.

in the Below, embodiments of the invention are based on explained a drawing. Showing:

1 an oil mist separator with a non-rotating gas guide ring, in longitudinal section,

2 the oil mist separator off 1 in a modified version, in longitudinal section,

3 a Ölnebelabscheider with a co-rotating, perforated Gasleitring, in longitudinal section,

4 a Ölnebelabscheider with a co-rotating, formed by vertical fins Gasleitring, in longitudinal section,

5 an oil mist separator with a co-rotating, double gas guide ring, in longitudinal section,

6 a gas guide ring in plan view,

7 the gas guide ring 6 in longitudinal section along the section line AA in 6 , and

8th the gas guide ring in a further embodiment, in longitudinal section.

In the 1 to 5 is in each case an oil mist separator 1 an internal combustion engine with a rotor 2 shown in the form of a stack of plates, with several plates 20 the rotor 2 form, that of a rotary drive 23 is in rotation displaceable. The rotor 2 is here in a housing 10 of the oil mist separator 1 arranged. The pile of dishes 20 is lower and upper side of a stacking pedestal 24 and a stacking tower 25 edged. A feather 26 presses the stacking attachment to fix the plate 20 downward. A wave 21 carries the rotor 2 and is in an upper camp 22 and a lower bearing 22 ' stored.

A base plate 16 limits the housing 10 among other. With this bottom can the oil mist separator 1 as a unit with the interposition of seals 17 by means of screws 18 be flanged to an internal combustion engine. The wave 21 goes through the base plate 16 down through and carries there the rotary drive 23 ,

To be de-oiled crankcase ventilation gas from below into a room area 12 introduced, then flows radially inward from bottom to top in the rotor 2 and then between his plates 20 radially obliquely outwards. This entailed Ö lpartikel on the plates 20 deposited as a result of centrifugal force action. The separated oil flows radially outwards on the underside of the plate and is thrown off radially outwards. The clean gas is led upwards into a room area 13 to which, as shown in the examples, a crankcase pressure control valve 4 can connect. From there, the clean gas flows through the gas outlet 40 off, z. B. to the intake manifold of an associated internal combustion engine.

In 1 has the separator 1 via a gas guide ring surrounding the rotor 3 the gas guide ring 3 is designed such that it does not interfere with the rotor 2 rotates. He can either be arranged spatially fixed and, for example, with the housing 10 be firmly connected or he may be loose. In addition, the gas guide ring 3 as indicated by the double arrow, movable in the axial direction, so as to an annular gap-shaped clean gas passage 32 between an upper edge 31 of the gas guide ring 3 and the radially outer edge of a plate top side covering stacking attachment 25 to change.

Rises inside the rotor 2 the pressure, so can the gas guide ring 3 be lifted slightly by the flow pressure, so that the clean gas passage 32 increases until a pressure equalization is obtained. The return of the gas guide ring 3 down is done by gravity. If necessary, this is the gas guide ring 3 also acted upon by a spring force.

Here, the upper edge 31 either bent L-shaped as shown, or cranked so as to form a groove, so that the leakage of lubricating oil at this edge 31 is effectively prevented. By relative to the rotor 2 fixed surface of the gas guide ring 3 is the separation efficiency of the separator 1 improved.

In addition, on the inner surface of the gas guide ring 6 preferably helically downwardly extending fins or discharge channels 33 be provided for discharging the separated lubricating oil, as in 6 and 7 is shown.

In 2 is the gas guide ring 3 omitted or not yet installed. Different from 1 is that the case 10 in 2 inside at the level of the radially outer edge of the stacking attachment 25 a deflection ring 11 ' having. The deflection ring 11 ' points downwards and forms a sharp flow deflection for the upwardly flowing gas flow, whereby in this possibly still contained oil particles are deposited. These oil particles then flow on the inner peripheral surface 11 of the housing 10 down from.

In 3 is that the rotor 2 surrounding gas guide ring 3 ' with the rotor 2 connected, here in one piece with the stacking attachment 25 , formed so that the gas guide ring 3 ' with the rotor 2 rotates. A lateral surface of the gas guide ring 3 is perforated. or may be fixed relative to this. Likewise, an additionally arranged outside gas guide ring 6 be provided.

Through the gas guide ring 3 ' become a first, inner annulus 14 and a second outer annulus 15 educated. In the first room 14 In essence, the gas is discharged upwards and through a pressure regulating valve arranged on the upper side 4 to the clean gas outlet 40 guided.

Since the gas is almost completely in the first room 14 dissipated, can be in the second room 15 the separated lubricating oil be well discharged, since in this second room 15 There is no strong gas flow that could swirl the oil droplets. Thus, the oil can be completely dissipated down and recycled.

Furthermore, between a rotor underside bounding Stapeluntersatz 24 and one the housing 10 base plate delimiting on the underside 16 a labyrinth seal 27 designed to allow gas to flow out of the area 12 under the rotor 2 in the area 13 over the rotor 2 to circumvent it as far as possible under its circumvention.

In a further embodiment, the in 4 is shown, is the gas guide ring 3 ' in the form of substantially in the axial direction, on the rotor 2 attached slats 36 educated. The slats 36 For example, consist of plastic and / or metal and are preferably releasably attached len to damaged Lamel 36 to be able to exchange.

The slats 36 form baffles for the oil particles and can act with appropriate shape and orientation in the manner of a fan, so that the swirl and the speed of the gas flow can be influenced. So z. B. an increase in the centrifugal force can be achieved, which acts on entrained oil particles. Thus, the separation efficiency of the oil mist separator 1 be significantly improved.

In 5 a further embodiment is shown, wherein the gas guide ring 3 ' is in two parts, namely with an outer closed hollow cylinder and a radially inwardly lying arrangement of helically outside the rotor 2 placed, obliquely downward slats 36 ' ,

Again, the slats 36 ' for example, made of metal and / or plastic and preferably detachable. These oblique lamellas 36 ' are inclined towards the outside and run obliquely downward in the manner of a window blind, thus also the separation efficiency of the oil mist separator 1 to improve. The de-oiled gas stream is here by a circumferential row of clean gas passages 32 in the top of the gas guide ring 3 ' discharged upward.

The 6 and 7 show a gas guide ring 3 as an item in top view and in longitudinal section. On the inner peripheral surface 30 are distributed in the circumferential direction several Ölableitrinnen 33 with helical course. In addition to the oil drainage form the gutters 33 also means for impact separation of oil and for flow control.

According to 7 can the gas guide ring 3 from a hollow cylindrical element 34 , z. B. from a tissue or the like, consist, by means of a support body 34 ' is kept in shape.

8th finally shows a gas guide ring 3 , as a self-supporting, hollow cylindrical element 35 , z. B. of a sintered material, is formed.

1

Oil Mist Separators

10

casing

11

Inner peripheral surface of 10

11 '

deflector

12

Room under 2

13

Room over 2

14

first annulus

15

second annulus

16

baseplate

17

seals

18

screw

2

rotor

20

A stack of plates

21

wave

22 22 '

camp

23

rotary drive

24

Stack pedestal

25

stack paper

26

feather

27

labyrinth seal

3, 3 '

Gasleitringe

30

Inner peripheral surface of 3

30 '

Outer peripheral surface of 3

31 31 '

upper edge of 3 . 3 '

32

Clean gas passage

33

Ölableitrinnen

34

element made of fabric or the like

34 '

support body

35

element made of sintered material

36 36 '

slats

4

Pressure control valve

40

pure gas outlet

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 10338770 B4 [0003]
• - EP 1273335 B1 [0004]

Claims (27)

Oil mist separator ( 1 ) of an internal combustion engine, which as a centrifugal separator with a in a housing ( 10 ) arranged rotor ( 2 ) in the form of a plate stack ( 20 ) and with a rotor ( 2 ) radially outwardly surrounding, in the axial direction of the rotor ( 2 ) extending gas guide ring ( 3 . 3 ' ) is executed, characterized in that the gas guide ring ( 3 ) relative to the rotor ( 2 ) is not formed mitdrehend. Oil mist separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas guide ring ( 3 ) in the axial direction of the rotor ( 2 ) relative to the rotor ( 2 ) and to the housing ( 10 ) is movable, whereby by this movement the cross section of a clean gas passage ( 32 ) between rotor ( 2 ) and gas guide ring ( 3 ) is changeable. Oil mist separator according to claim 2, characterized in that by the movement of the gas guide ring ( 3 ) the cross section of the clean gas passage ( 32 ) is variable in the sense that at a smaller clean gas volume flow, the cross section of the clean gas passage ( 32 ) is smaller and at a larger clean gas volume flow, the cross section of the clean gas passage ( 32 ) is larger. Oil mist separator according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the axial movement of the gas guide ring ( 3 ) can be generated solely by a flow of pure gas. Oil mist separator according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that an upper edge ( 31 ) of the gas guide ring ( 3 ) is formed radially inwardly cranked. Oil mist separator according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the gas guide ring ( 3 ) is loaded with a biasing force, which in the direction of a reduction of the cross section of the clean gas passage ( 32 ) acts. Oil mist separator according to claim 6, characterized in that on the gas guide ring ( 3 ) acting biasing force is generated by gravity or by spring force. Oil mist separator according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the inner peripheral side on or in the gas guide ring ( 3 ) at least one oil drain trough ( 33 ) is trained. Oil mist separator according to claim 8, characterized in that the at least one Ölabelitrinne ( 33 ) along at least one helical line, which in the direction of rotation of the rotor ( 2 ) pointing downwards. Oil mist separator according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the gas guide ring ( 3 ) forms a closed, non-perforated surface. Oil mist separator according to claim 10, characterized in that the gas guide ring ( 3 ) Is formed by a one-piece hollow cylinder made of plastic or metal. Oil mist separator according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the gas guide ring ( 3 ) forms a perforated or porous surface. Oil mist separator according to claim 12, characterized in that the gas guide ring ( 3 ) is formed by a hollow cylindrical grid or screen or filter body. Oil mist separator according to claim 13, characterized in that the gas guide ring ( 3 ) forming lattice or sieve or Filterstoffkörper of a non-self-supporting element ( 34 ) of woven or knitted or scrim or knit fabric, preferably of textile material, or of open-cell foam, each with an integrated support body ( 34 ' ), or from a self-supporting element ( 35 ) made of woven or knitted fabric or scrim or knitted fabric, preferably of metallic material, or of sintered material. Oil mist separator according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the gas guide ring ( 3 ) forming mesh or screen or filter body has a mesh or pore size between 10 and 300 microns. Oil mist separator according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that at the level of a gas outlet side front end of the gas guide ring ( 3 ) on an inner peripheral surface ( 11 ) of the housing ( 10 ) a deflection ring ( 11 ' ) is attached or formed, which against a gas flow direction present there in the interior of the housing ( 10 ). Oil mist separator ( 1 ) of an internal combustion engine, which as a centrifugal separator with a in a housing ( 10 ) arranged rotor ( 2 ) in the form of a plate stack ( 20 ) and with a rotor ( 2 ) radially outer, extending in the axial direction of the rotor gas guide ring ( 3 . 3 ' ) is executed, characterized in that the gas guide ring ( 3 ' ) with the rotor ( 2 ) is formed co-rotating and forms a perforated or porous surface. Oil mist separator according to claim 17, characterized in that the gas guide ring ( 3 ' ) so around the rotor ( 2 ) is arranged around that the Gas guide ring ( 3 ' ) between its inner peripheral surface ( 30 ) and the outer periphery of the plate stack ( 20 ) a first annulus ( 14 ) and between its outer peripheral surface ( 30 ' ) and an inner peripheral surface ( 11 ) of the housing ( 10 ) a second annulus ( 15 ). Oil mist separator according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the gas guide ring ( 3 ' ) is formed by a hollow cylindrical grid or screen body. Oil mist separator according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the gas guide ring ( 3 ' ) by a hollow cylindrical body or with lamellas ( 36 . 36 ' ) is formed. Oil mist separator according to claim 20, characterized in that the lamellae ( 36 ) substantially parallel to the axial direction of the rotor ( 2 ). Oil mist separator according to claim 21, characterized in that the lamellae ( 36 ) are arranged slightly inclined inwards towards the top. Oil mist separator according to claim 20, characterized in that the lamellae ( 36 ' ) run obliquely from top to bottom on one or more helices. Oil mist separator according to claim 23, characterized in that the lamellae ( 36 ' ) are inclined obliquely outwards. Oil mist separator according to claim 20, characterized in that the gas guide ring ( 3 ' ) forming hollow cylindrical body having a first, radially inner body part arranged in a first orientation lamellae ( 36 ) and a second, radially outer body part with lamellae arranged in a second orientation ( 36 ' ) having. Oil mist separator according to one of claims 17 to 25, characterized in that between the housing ( 10 ) and the upper edge area ( 31 ' ) of the rotor ( 2 ) co-rotating gas guide ring ( 3 ' ) A labyrinth seal is arranged. Oil mist separator ( 1 ) of an internal combustion engine, which as a centrifugal separator with a in a housing ( 10 ) arranged rotor ( 2 ) in the form of a plate stack ( 20 ) and with a rotor ( 2 ) radially outwardly surrounding, in the axial direction of the rotor erstre ckenden gas guide ring ( 3 . 3 ' ) is executed, characterized in that the oil mist separator ( 1 ) Features of one or more of claims 1 to 16 and features of one or more of claims 17 to 25.