DE102007053440A1 - Fluid turbulence guiding device, has guiding body comprising opening formed along longitudinal extension, where opening extends in plane whose normal vector is arranged perpendicular to longitudinal axis of guiding body - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has a tubular guiding body (1), where the device is formed with multiple arrangements. Turbulence of fluid is guided toward a longitudinal axis of the guiding body. The guiding body has an opening (6) formed along a longitudinal extension. The opening extends in a plane whose normal vector is arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the guiding body. Driving radiation nozzles are arranged for guiding the fluid at the opening or in the guiding body. The guidance body has cylindrical, ellipsoid or more-sharp-edged cross section. An independent claim is also included for a method for guiding turbulence of fluid.

Description

The The invention relates to a device for guiding a turbulent flow a fluid having a substantially tubular shape Guide body, wherein the vortex flow in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the guide body is feasible, as well as a method of keeping a Vortex flow of a fluid in the direction of the longitudinal axis a substantially tubular guide body.

From the prior art, the advantages of a turbulent flow (reduced pressure loss, avoiding disordered turbulence) and devices for generating swirl are known. Acting on the DE 699 19 543 T2 and EP 0 611 418 B1 such as EP 1 066 220 B1 pointed out which simple devices for wave energy use, which can be regarded as a special form of an open tube with internals reveal. In this case, a basic structure is proposed, which preferably requires only one-dimensionally deformed sheets, so that the production costs of vortex-generating devices are low. The same applies to the slot arrangement for detecting and exhausting exhaust gases according to DE 195 26 239 A1 , In these devices, the volume flow increases along the major axis of the device according to the fluid flowing over the slot. This is considered to be related to the formation of the vortex as a kinetic asymmetry characterized by continuous flow of fluid from a swirl-free / spin-poorer region across a tangentially extended feed gap.

With However, these devices hardly gained anything, because the conversion of vortex flows into electrical energy prepares so far a whole series of problems and is therefore hardly ever Practically applied only to a very limited extent. Which includes Cavitation on turbines, because swirl flows often frontal instead of at only an acute angle to the broad surfaces of Steering blades and turbine blades of conventional turbines collide. Further is in the swirl component a relatively high percentage of the total kinetic energy of the flow and just this Proportion can be seen in conventional turbines use only low efficiency.

From the prior art, a further commonality can be seen, which also has a disadvantageous effect. The devices generate a vortex exactly at the point where it receives an influx and is thus disturbed. Even before homogeneous vortices have formed, these imperfect vortices already have tasks such as sucking in fluid ( DE 195 26 239 A1 ) or the absorption of wave water ( EP 0 611 418 B1 ). This causes the formation of unnecessary turbulence and limits the Einsaugleistung or the capacity of the device. Because logically, only a very fast rotating vortex according to the Bernoulli law suck in the direction of rotation fluid flowing quickly and in large quantities. The object of the present invention is to generate vortices in a simple manner in order to design flows with less resistance and to reduce pressure losses in flows by realizing a potential twist flow instead of disordered turbulence.

According to the invention intended to solve the problem, at least one device for generating a turbulent flow and at least one device for energy conversion, the latter for the conversion of energy the vortex flow in another form of energy suitable is to provide. Further advantageous embodiments will become apparent the dependent claims.

practical Experiments with the proposed here as a new invention hybrid tube have shown that the suction only after a certain Distance of the vortex is sufficiently pronounced. The favorable effect of swirling flows sets so only after the existence of a sufficiently pronounced Vortex structure and at high angular velocity.

While previous spin-generating devices only in a part of the device tolerate a vortex and this in the transition to nozzle or practical when sucking in fans / compressors / pumps partially or completely destroy (eg. Vortex separator, hydrocyclones, vortex tubes), according to the invention Spin over the entire device including the previous one and underlying pipes or ducts or hose lines obtained along the entire axis, but in the case of an energetic Utilization of the flow energy in turbines for it is taken care that before the swirl portion of the flow in linear momentum is converted or used turbines which are a swirl flow with high efficiency utilize and optimal for this flow shape are designed. This implies a consequence in the application of Findings of twist technology. In this consistent about the whole system differs advanced swirl flow the proposed concept of the previously proposed Devices.

According to the invention, the realization of a swirl flow, which only then receives large amounts of fluid is supplied tangentially and / or fluid in the opposite direction flow out of the device, after already a stable Vortexströ mung was produced.

Of the Term hybrid tube will now be explained. hybridization is in this context the combination of two fundamentally different ones Flows to a constructive and fluidic Unit. In the hybrid tube is a hybridization of a preferably spiral mainstream with a tangential linear secondary flow. It is a conscious abandonment the engineering custom, piping and apparatus with spatially limited nozzles and branch pieces connect to. When hybrid tube two flows over a longer distance, preferably a multiple of the Pipe circumference of the main flow tube is, in the simplest way over a nozzle gap effective Tangentialschlitz intertwined.

For the device parts for influencing the swirl flow become turbine blades, wings or other curved surfaces or nozzles proposed, which preferably rotatable and are adjustable to be adaptable to the twist or the twist to change specifically. For the device parts for the introduction and discharge of fluid open tubes are proposed whose main indicator is the tangential orientation of the - or effluent is.

at the method according to the invention is the twist a controllable size and can be largely reversible over For example, adjustable steering elements converted into linear motion so that the twist only applies where it benefits promises and exactly where he has serious problems and performance degradation means, is convertible into linear motion. Only about this novel process appears an application of spin in the field the energy generation meaningful and feasible. This procedure or Procedures with turbomachines can be the method of high-voltage transformation in electric machines, in which only the low-loss power line, the high voltage is chosen and in the generator the much lower for him harmless voltage to application comes.

With Help the device according to the invention can Turbomachines with much longer pipelines be combined on the incoming and outgoing side because significantly lower due to the intended swirl flow Flow and friction losses are expected.

The inventive device is suitable for energy from flowing waters, from wave and tidal movements as well as wind currents and recovery of the residual energy flowing fluids. The device can be meandering shape, longitudinal, transverse or inclined to a flow Arrange. At the end of the device can be a nozzle for additional Acceleration be attached.

The both front surfaces, over which the main flow On and exits are an integral part of the device and open. This is an uninterrupted, consistent Vortex from the entrance to the device to its exit feasible, wherein elongated tangential gap spaces applied become.

By the rotational movement of the primary flow makes the Device of the sucking in the direction of rotation and in the opposite direction Back pressure resulting effect of vertebrae use.

At a turbomachine can backlog thereby be avoided by swirling after the turbomachine generated or at least amplified, in particular by Supply of propellant fluid over angled Propulsion jet nozzles or over steering surfaces. A guide body for vortex flows, which fluid from both the axial and from the tangential direction flows, here is called hybrid tube. advantageously, is already the flowing axially into the guide body Mainstream a vortex coil flow with leading Fluid core, at least a simple spiral-rotating Vortex flow.

By the continuous, partial or incremental increase the volume flow through the via tangential openings additional secondary flow acts on the guide body like a funnel and fluid collector.

It is proposed a preferably tubular or channel-shaped device which is at least partially / in sections or over its entire length, which may be several kilometers, capable of laterally sucking fluid and / or fluid also divert tangentially from the device. It is known that the faster fluid always redirects the slower fluid to itself, because the faster flow according to the Bernoulli law has a lower static pressure and is thus automatically filled by slower flows. The steady forces increase in the square of the speed, so that with a vortex-shaped rotational movement to backward only a small static pressure exists. Therefore, an incomplete tube is proposed, which consists of a foil, plate or sheet or other material, which is flanged to one or more edges and after flaring deliberately forms a non-closed cylindrical, ellipsoidal or otherwise profiled space, which to Environment is open and thus allows the supply of fluid or the suction of fluid. The inventive device allows the enlargement of the volume flow along the main flow path, wherein the supply of fluid is tangential in the direction of rotation of the fluid already flowing in the form of a vortex in the tube. The fact that the added fluid flows in at the edge of an already stable homogeneous vortex, it acts on the already existing flow as a fluid consisting of funnel wall, which constricts the cross section for the vortex. Similar conditions to the necked funnel are made. However, the proposed device has the advantages over a funnel of easier manufacturability and the multiple repeatability of the rate-increasing effect in the use of gradients.

The openings on the guide body are limited by walls, the shape of a preferably tangential feed or discharge from fluid to the whirl space.

Of the Guide body is preferably a sheet metal body or a foil and is so bent, crimped at least one end or rolled on one or more edges so that one or more result in several openings with tangential orientation.

Of the Guide body can be cylindrical, ellipsoidal or polygonal cross-section. He can at least partially Have dents and / or Ausdellungen, which spiral Contours result.

Of the Guide body has for ease of manufacture longitudinally predominantly constant cross-section on, so the device manufactured by the meter and thus like a conventional pipeline by series connection always the same individual components can be laid comfortably.

The Inflow opening can be a length of several times of the diameter, over the vast majority or entire length of the guide body extend.

The Fluid guiding device at the openings of the guide body, via which the secondary inflow takes place can be like a nozzle, funnel-shaped or hyperbolic shaped, wherein By cross-sectional taper a higher speed results and the whirling motion is supported.

The lying in the swirl space end edge of the guide body preferably runs spirally, wavy, curvy or oblique, so the fluid supply does not over the entire length takes place at the same cross-sectional location.

At The opening can be a flexible curtain, for example a rubber surface or elastic membrane may be arranged which rounds the cross section of the device and also at different Speeds or in the absence of inflow a low-friction swirl flow ensures.

At The opening can be a brush, a brush belt or a comb or a fiber end piece be arranged. These components can prevent unwanted intrusion Prevent components in the whirl space or a computing function or take over separation action or other task such as mixing and homogenizing.

The Device according to the invention can be any Substance and heat exchange favoring or the Flow advantageous influencing, the friction-reducing or have forces and moments generating internals.

In particular, the following installations are proposed alternatively or additionally:
Core tube or possibly for additional tasks usable inside hollow core body, core profiles with wavy, spiral, longitudinally or transversely ribbed or equipped with scales or otherwise kind profiling, variable in cross section core profiles, core brush or compact filling core to form an annular flow space, edge body or a wire or fiber or brush assembly in the outer region, for example, to intensify the mixing of the fluid streams or to use the device as a chemical reactor or to increase the interface for the mass and heat exchange, spirally wound around a core body wire spiral or brush, Spiral with or without attached guide elements for changing the swirl component of the flow.

The Device converts geodesic with inclined arrangement Height differences in flow energy around and serves if there is a slope of energy concentration, by the flow rate along the flow path increases, for example, by sufficient amounts of supply fluid for it is taken care that the twist is maintained.

The Movement of the fluid in the device can be largely influenced be made by Archimedespiralen and / or steering vanes, curved surfaces or wing profiles for steering the flow in Swirl or serve in the axial direction or on the device as well forces in the opposite direction to the flowing fluid and exercise moments.

The device can also be on the edge of a Container and / or be arranged within this, which forms due to the tangential inflow into the device with existing flowable container contents a spiral vortex flow, which along the vortex supports the further inflow of fluid and thus preferably shortens the emptying time of containers. The device may protrude vertically or inclined into the container to be emptied and be connected to the bottom, the container casing or the lid.

Further The device may be in one or more turns or in one Fraction of a whole turn around a container with rectangular, round or ellipsoidal or otherwise shaped cross-section along run, wherein the device to a part of the container becomes. The swirling space is preferably conically tapered at its end.

The Device can also be attached to a container be arranged, wherein by the tangential outflow from the device an intense pressure-reducing swirl flow is caused, which generates suction in the device, so that the Filling process preferably expires faster.

The Device can be in a series, a chain or arrange a meander several times or on conditions largely adapt to the environment. The device can be part of a River or other running water or Channels and in these by skillful, preferably inclined Arrangement for forming a faster core flow be used, which opens up new possibilities of an energetic Utilization of running water flows result.

A advantageous embodiment results from the use flexible materials, such as rubber, so that the device is flexible and easy along bends and arches or along rivers, by at least small ones Sections have rubber-like wall or by the device at least partially composed of hoses.

in the Area of the opening can be several additional Be arranged steering surfaces, which for example for Regulation of fluid flows the size of the gap or which multiple gap spaces form, in which different media can be introduced, so that the device acts as a material mixer.

In order to the device can be used as a cooler or heater, is a coat of sheets, tubes or half tubes or on proposed the device arranged separate fluid space, in which a heat or refrigerant can flow.

The opening the device can, for example, by means of adjusting screws and movable or rotatable boundary surfaces in their width, Cross-sectional shape and angular position can be changed.

In order to the interior of the device at least in sections at any time Removal of a portion of the device is accessible proposed a multi-part construction with a lid. Of the Lid can seal on one side of the whirl space and on the On the other side an adjustable boundary surface for gap regulation exhibit.

The Device can be several evenly or unevenly over the circumference distributed openings in the proposed manner have, so that the main flow over several receives the circumference distributed pulses in or opposite direction of rotation. At the same axial location can also openings simultaneously located, which supply and remove fluid.

In order to in the swirling room the effect of a mehrgängigen Vortex coil, elements are proposed which the feed space divide into several sections and which each have a vortex-shaped give tangential fluid supply.

Around the increased in the device kinetic energy into mechanical or to convert electrical energy, it is proposed that in the swirling space preferably entirely within the guide body a turbomachine is arranged.

to Increasing the efficiency of turbomachines on the input side measures to increase the speed proposed, for example by means of steering surfaces Cost of spin the axial velocity is increased.

The The device according to the invention can also be the essential Be part of a hydroelectric plant, putting on one or both Pages of a water turbine, the water flow in the inventive the swirl is done in a purposefully changing manner.

The device may also be part of an airfoil or a device suitable for flying or part of a mobile object moving above and / or under water and / or be part of an airfoil or profiled rotor, at which air / water is extracted at a suitable point by means of the device according to the invention or is fed through a gap, for example, to increase the buoyancy or the feed force or to prevent flow separation or to an energetic or on to produce widely usable flow in an airfoil-shaped channel.

The the swirl-changing devices give reaction forces and feed forces, by means of which the inventive Device vehicles can drive.

The Device can be made both from sections with tangential fluid supply as well as sections with tangential fluid removal exist. Further it is claimed that between these sections pumps, Turbines, fans or other fluid-promoting facilities which supply the device with energy or increase the pressure level.

The Device can also be made of thin-walled sheet metal be, taking the flow and the filling weight incurred loads of strong holders become.

The Device may also be in an artificial canal or be an artificial river integrated, such a part flow of the flow in the device and in this the the rest of the flow in the amount of speed leads. Furthermore, it is claimed that the resulting flow after a sufficient flow and incline distance a run-water turbine is fed, so that the motion-promoting Effect of a vortex or vortex coil flow used becomes.

The Device can be in the outer contour rectangular cross-section and preferably be made in two parts, so that the device can be laid well in the ground and for Inspection purposes is dismantled and can be opened and by these properties applicable as a sewer or drainage is. The device may have thick walls and off Concrete or reinforced concrete exist.

The Device can except static vortex coil generators also include rotating rotors for generating swirl, which mechanically, electrically, pneumatically, hydraulically or otherwise powered are and in the device for a low-friction flow generate or maintain or reinforce necessary spin.

The opening may contain a separate shaped body, which preferably for both the mainstream space and for Having the gap space steering surfaces or swirl-forming contours. claimed are steering surfaces which are inclined to the circumferential line and generate a thrust in or against the axial direction.

At The opening will be scoop-shaped or with airfoil equipped steering elements proposed which of the secondary flow give a preferential direction in the axial direction and in their inclination are adjustable or rotatable and thus the ratio of Regulate swirl motion to axis motion. It is further claimed that similar steering elements alternatively or additionally protrude into the main flow space and thus the core flow affect or on this a push in or against the axis movement exercise or depending on the setting angle the swirl component increase or decrease. These steering elements can Otherwise, be attached to the device or in a Cover integrated or rotatably installed on a socket.

steering Controls with the same effect can also be attached to a holder be plugged or in the form of plugs on a spiral near the wall or directly on the inner wall of the guide body glued on, screwed on or with adhesive or magnetic forces be fixed.

The opening on the guide body can also be with the help of suitable arranged sheets, foils or moldings realized be by these at a preferably centrally disposed longitudinal gap of the Guide body result in a diversion, at the End the flow to the guide body tangentially added.

The openings can also be closed by a to Gap matching lid or seal is present. Preferably An airtight closure, so that, for example, suction forces maintained in the main flow space.

about Flaps, which are manually operated, spring-loaded or automatic can be achieved, that the openings normally closed and that only when or falling below a certain pressure an inflow or Outflow of fluid takes place.

about flexible boundary surfaces at the openings can be achieved that only after concern of a certain liquid column or pressure level via an inflow the opening takes place.

claimed is that at one or more openings of the device one or more conveying devices, for example pumps, fans, propellers, Screws or rotors are arranged, which fluid into the device to press. Alternatively or additionally, it is claimed that one or more conveying organs are present, which Sucking fluid out of the device.

The opening can also be overpressured space, so that the inflow to the device solely due to the pressure differences between the environment and the interior of the device in the field of turbulence comes about, so that on the input side no conveying members are needed. Furthermore, it is claimed that the outflow from the device also results from a vacuum chamber, to which at least one opening according to the invention is connected.

at Turbomachinery becomes the spin component of the flow deliberately reduced to passing through a turbomachine Swirl-related problems and eliminate the effective speed which is known to increase the performance of a turbomachine decisively determined. To change the twist Both before and after turbomachinery are also here turbine blades, individually or arranged as a rim steering surfaces, Airfoils, curved surfaces or jet nozzles proposed, which are preferably rotatable and adjustable to to locally change the swirl of the vortex flow.

Around the vortex flow in the guide body and / or to change the momentum of the secondary flow, in particular, will increase jet propulsion nozzles Suggested conditions, which in a suitable manner in the vortex space and / or are arranged at the opening. Preferably, the propulsion jet nozzles are adjustable, wherein beam direction and / or beam intensity adjustable are.

Vortex coil generators are proposed which are arranged in the guide body in order to force a multiple-speed vortex coil in the flow space of the guide body via a plurality of detachment vortices, which precedes the core flow and thereby creates better conditions for the utilization of the flow energy in turbomachines. Here is not dealt with the specific structure of vortex coil generators, since such devices are already known and can be designed differently and in the simplest case of several self-winding guide vane-like steering surfaces according to Austrian Patent No. 138,296 exist, which, for example, are arranged on a pipe sleeve or distributed axially on the guide body and the circumference.

Also several different types of vortex coil generators can at the same time in the same guide body at different locations be applied. These vortex coil generators can, for example. a plurality of steering surfaces, boundary surfaces with arcuate end, attached to rings detachment edges and / or propulsion jet nozzles, wherein in each case by Forming a plurality of circumferentially evenly distributed Single whirling by overlay a multi-course Vortex coil is created.

The The invention will become more apparent by way of example with reference to the following figures illustrated and illustrated.

It shows

1 the essential part of the device according to the invention,

2 a simple hybrid construction consisting of a holder and a guide body,

3 a hybrid tube with an elliptical cross section,

4 the fluidic model of the invention with an example,

5 a guide body having different sections, in which a plurality of elements for generating and intensifying the twist are used in the guide body,

6 a device with two guide bodies whose openings are integrated in a flow channel or a riverbed,

7 the cross section of an open-topped flow channel,

8th a flow channel according to the invention,

9 a variant according to the invention, in which the guide body itself is bent into a circle or wound into a spiral,

10 a guide body with three sections,

11 the inventive idea of the continuous maintenance of a vortex in a device,

12 the inventive idea of influencing a swirl flow generated by steering surfaces,

13 a device according to the invention, the tangential fluid supply is accomplished via a shaped body,

14 a device according to the invention which has a steering element in the form of a blade at the tangential feed gap,

15 a device whose steering surface protrudes into the main flow space,

16 a device with steering surfaces,

17 a device according to the invention on the basis of a longitudinally cut pipe,

18 Sections of a guide body according to the invention,

19 the possibility to design a hybrid tube

20 the possibility to dismantle the device,

21 a hybrid tube,

22 an application of the device according to 21 in cross section,

23 the disturbance in a hybrid tube by means of propulsion jet nozzles for changing the core flow and / or the tangential fluid supply,

24 a multi-part guide,

25 an airfoil-shaped and rotatable propulsion jet steering device,

26 a particularly for fluid-receptive hybrid tube and

27 the guide body according to the invention with a vortex coil generator.

1a and 1b show the essential part of the device according to the invention, the hybrid tube ( 01 ), in which already a trained vortex (A) or a trained vortex coil (A) flows. The tube wall of the hybrid tube ( 01 ) goes smoothly into the curved surface ( 02 ), which together with a part of the outer tube surface ( 04 ), starting at the end edge ( 27 ), a continuously tapering gap forms, over which a secondary flow (B) comes about when inside the tube ( 05 ) there is a fast vortex flow (A) which then has a larger volume flow at the outlet of the device according to (C) = (A) + (B). The streamline shown as a dotted line shows the course of the flow in cross section, wherein fluid from a lateral tangential direction ( 03 ) into a swirling space ( 05 ) flows in. In the reverse flow direction, fluid from the swirling space ( 05 ) and the volume flow of the main flow decrease accordingly. The in the swirling room ( 05 ) end edge ( 26 ) of the guiding body ( 01 ) may be straight, but also spiral, wavy, curvy or oblique, so that the fluid supply not over the entire length of the guide body ( 01 ) takes place at the same cross-sectional location.

1c shows a hybrid tube ( 01 ) as an essential part of the device according to the invention with one of two boundary surfaces ( 02 ) and ( 04 ) existing gap ( 06 ), wherein the swirling space ( 05 ) over the preferably tapered and thus the speed increasing gap ( 06 ) Fluid is supplied and thus reinforced. Between the pipe wall ( 01 ) and the boundary surface ( 04 ) is an acute angle, whereas between the pipe wall ( 01 ) and the boundary surface ( 02 ) there is a kink-free transition.

2 shows a simple hybrid construction consisting of a holder ( 07 ) and a guide body ( 01 ), which under formation of a gap in a tangential boundary surface ( 02 ) passes over. Over the gap ( 06 ) is a secondary flow from the direction ( 03 ), which causes the longitudinally swirl in the whirl space ( 05 ) flowing primary volume flow is preferably increased continuously.

3 shows a hybrid tube ( 01 ) with an elliptical cross-section and that of 2 boundary surfaces ( 02 ) and ( 04 ) formed tangential gap ( 06 ). 3a shows a cross section, the 3b and 3c a perspective view as wireframe or as a spatial body.

4a and 4b show the fluidic model of the invention by way of example. The guiding body ( 01 ) has circular cross-section and is partially towards the environment via a tangential gap ( 06 ) open. As outlined, a hybridization of the incoming turbulent flow (A) with a secondary flow (B1), (B2), (B3) takes place over 3 units of length, which hybridization takes place via the tangentially arranged slot (A). 06 ) by utilizing a slope, whereby the volume flow flowing in the main flow (A) is continuously increased to the value (C). The resulting integral total volume flow (C) is the sum of the four individual streams (A), (B1), (B2) and (B3) shown with an arrow. The total flow (C) due to the always acting in the direction of rotation inflow has a higher angular velocity of the swirl flow than before the supply of secondary currents and therefore corresponds in effect to a vortex-forming funnel, but with the advantage of a constant flow along the main flow and the simple structure of the construction ,

5a and 5b show a guide body with different sections, in which several elements for generating and intensifying the twist in the guide body ( 01 ) are applied. These include tapered sections ( 07 ), hyperboli specific sections ( 08 ), Swirl tubes ( 09 ) and the hybrid tubes presented here ( 01 ) as well as the tangentially arranged boundary surfaces ( 02 ) additionally attached Leitrippen ( 10 ), Dents or bulges ( 11 ) or other elements ( 12 ) for aligning the lateral tangential inflow in the direction of the main flow (A). The device according to the invention is in 5a is geometrically tapered in its main flow course, in order to obtain, for example, a turbine-suitable high final velocity, in FIG 5b the variant with increasing diameter of the guide body is shown in order to produce larger volume flows in long devices, for example, to achieve a volume required by a turbine as the minimum volume flow.

The Swirl flow can also be due to other swirling elements be generated and strengthened. These include cross standing or inclined blades, hydrofoils, turbine blades, scoop - like dents or bulges on the mantle of the Hybrid tube, for example, produced by hydroforming, embossing Spiral windings or glued profiled foils, spirals, helical body.

5c shows a device according to the invention, which induces a strong swirling motion in a surrounding flow, on the one hand, the dynamic pressure on the front and on the other hand, the suction on the back of the device is used to suitably set capture surfaces ( 02a ) To receive fluid (+ B) in the device and also tangentially via guide surfaces ( 02b ) To remove fluid (-B) from the device again.

6 shows a device with two guide bodies ( 01a ) and ( 01b ), whose openings ( 06a ) and ( 06b ) in a flow channel ( 13 ) or a riverbed ( 13 ), wherein it is ensured that the suction takes place via a continuously tapered gap with hyperbolic shape, so the velocity of the influent fluid is increased even before the inflow through cross-sectional reduction. The main flow (A) has, in addition to the linear component, an additional twist (spiral vortex). The illustrated construction is proposed for more efficient artificial rivers on which run-of-river power plants are installed at certain intervals.

7 shows the cross section of an open-topped flow channel ( 13 ), which along the main flow direction, a successively stronger swirl flow with greatly increasing volume flow (A) and steadily increasing speed in the two guide bodies ( 01a ) and ( 01b ) generated.

8th shows a flow channel according to the invention, which apart from the guide bodies ( 01a ) and ( 01b ) from flat surfaces ( 02 ) and ( 04 ) and therefore enables a cost-saving production. A special feature here is that the guiding body ( 01a ) 01b ) become active only when a maximum level in the main flow channel ( 13 ) is reached or exceeded. Therefore, this construction is particularly suitable for the design of artificial streams, which provide multiple transport performance in the event of flooding and thus protect, for example, settlements and cities effectively against flood damage by the lying below the riverbed and sufficiently sized channels large amounts of water in the form of a Potentialdrallströmung continued conduct. This construction for ducts is also suitable for the design of run-of-river power plants without the need to accumulate at high dam walls.

9a shows a variant according to the invention, in which the guide body ( 01 ) is itself bent into a circle or is wound into a spiral and thereby applies the inventive principle of the tangential secondary flow, which causes the main flow in swirl and amplified in volume, with the curved or spiral shape allows adaptation to round apparatus and containers is and the required length for the device is drastically reduced. 9 shows a container whose wall consists of hybrid tube, which would be done very quickly by the strong suction forces arising at the tangential columns a drainage of the container. An oblique, half lying in the container straight drain pipe ( 14 ), which in the container as a hybrid pipe piece ( 15 ) is also suitable for the rapid emptying of containers.

9b shows a container whose bottom a guide body ( 01 ), which opens into a pump (P). Due to the streamlined and low-friction fluid supply to pumps guide body ( 01 ) with tangential openings save energy on the suction side of pump systems.

10a shows a guide body with three sections, a pipe section without openings ( 01b ) with a fluid conveying member ( 14 ), for example a fan or an axial pump, a hybrid pipe section ( 01a ) for sucking or inflowing secondary fluid and another behind the fluid conveying member ( 14 ) lying second hybrid tube ( 01c ), which is closed, for example at the end and therefore also the fluid flow rate also tangentially out of the device. Due to the respective tangential fluid flow at the inlet of the secondary flow ( 06a ) and at the outlet of the second därstroms ( 06c ), the main flow is set in a rapid rotational movement, which lowers the pressure at the inlet and gives rise to a slight overpressure at the outlet.

10b shows a hybrid tube with 3 openings and 10c one with 4 openings. Guide bodies with tangential openings are made of sheets by 90 ° bends at the end.

10d shows a hybrid tube having both an opening for fluid supply and an opening for fluid drain at the same cross section, so that fluid in the direction of rotation is added and fluid is also removed in the direction of rotation of the vortex.

11 shows again the inventive idea of the continuous conservation of a vortex in a device as well as across the device on the incoming and outgoing pipes or channels. Thus, sections with a closed cross-section ( 01a ) out 11a arbitrarily with introductory sections ( 01b ) out 11b or diverging sections ( 01c ) out 11c combined into a guiding body. A guide body with 2 openings is in 11d represented, consisting of three pipe sections and each an introductory and a diverting hybrid pipe section. In this case, in incoming or outgoing sections always a section is provided which already has a swirl flow.

12 shows the inventive idea of influencing a swirl flow generated by steering surfaces ( 16a ) 16b ), which change the proportion of the twist in the total energy of the flow, for example, to ensure the removal of additional fluid flowing. Because by steering surfaces can increase the axial velocity by an axial thrust force is exerted on the rotating fluid in the vortex flow. Although this reduces the swirl, the advantages predominate, because the swirl on the downstream turbomachines is rather annoying and the highest possible axial speed is an advantage. The steering surfaces may have wings ( 16a ) or suitable curved blades ( 16b ) be. The steering elements can be arranged both on pipe sections and on incoming or outgoing sections and are preferably rotatable / adjustable. Due to the steering elements in the orientation shown, the axial velocity increases from (V1) to (V2).

13 shows a device according to the invention, the tangential fluid supply is accomplished via a shaped body, which in the region of the flow superposition (mixing zone M) a plurality of guide channels ( 15 ) for the inflow and guide channels ( 16 ) has for the swirl flow. These guide channels can be arranged obliquely to the circumferential line and thus result in an axial thrust in or against the main flow direction along the hybrid tube axis. The one- or multi-part molded body forms together with the flat thin-walled body ( 01 ) a constructive, preferably decomposable unit.

14 shows a device according to the invention, which at the tangential feed gap a steering element ( 15 ) in the form of a blade, which gives the inflow a preferential direction in the axial direction and is rotatable and / or adjustable in its inclination and thus regulates the ratio of the swirling motion to the axis movement.

15 shows a device whose steering surface ( 16 ) protrudes into the main flow space. Right is an adjustable steering surface ( 16 ) with its axis of rotation ( 17 ). Depending on the setting angle, thrust in or against the main flow is exerted on the main flow or the swirl component is increased or reduced.

16 shows a device which with steering surfaces ( 15 ) and ( 16 ) influences both the feed space and the main flow space.

17 shows a device according to the invention on the basis of a longitudinally cut tube ( 01 ), which still receives a tangential gap for the inflow or outflow of fluid via specially shaped sheets, films or fittings by the boundary surfaces ( 02 ) and ( 04 ) are bent accordingly and in the region of the opening at the 05 ) a tangentially lying gap space ( 06 ).

18 shows sections of a guide body according to the invention, which are integrated into the wing of an aircraft or in a wind power rotor or propeller and are fed by the dynamic pressure of the frontal flow. A section without supply ( 18a ), a tangential outflow section ( 18b ) and a section for tangential influx ( 18c ) are shown. The diversion gap in 18b is located on the suction side of the flow, so that the prevailing negative pressure supports the discharge flow. The supply gap, however, is located on the overpressure side of the flow.

In 19 is the possibility shown, a hybrid tube ( 01 ) so that the tangential gap in its shape and / or width is adjustable, wherein the to the guide body ( 01 ) in the form of incomplete cylinder surfaces ( 02 ) 04a ) and ( 04b ) are movable, tiltable and adjustable. The surfaces arranged at the common fulcrum ( 04a ) and ( 04b ) can do a form constructive unit or be separate components.

In 20 shows the possibility of making the device separable by the whirl space ( 05 ) is constructed in two parts, preferably with a central division at the parting line (ML). Shown is one on the lid ( 18 ) movable surface ( 04 ), which the tangential gap ( 06 ) of the device changed. This variant of the device with a vertebral space dividing lid ( 18 ) has advantages with respect to the change of internals and during maintenance and ensures accessibility to the whirl space ( 05 ).

21 shows a hybrid tube ( 01 ), which via a turbomachine ( 14 ) is supplied with fluid, wherein over the gap ( 06 ) Fluid tangentially into the swirling space ( 05 ).

In 22a shows an application of the device according to 21 in cross section. The turbomachine ( 14 ) feeds over the gap space ( 06a ) of a hybrid tube ( 01a ) an already existing vortex flow, which over the gap space ( 06c ) of the discharging hybrid tube ( 01c ), for example, a Zulufteinheit on a room ceiling and thus supplies a room with supply air, over a correspondingly long pipe section ( 01b ) between the two sections ( 01a ) and ( 01c ) can be a long distance. The proposed device results from the consistent application of a vortex flow in the largest possible flow range from the pressure increasing point to the consumer advantages over today's Zuluft- and exhaust air technology, which applies twist only on limited system parts, for example. On swirl hoods or Drallabscheidern.

Just in the devices proposed here, the tangential takes place Supply line in an existing vortex flow.

22b shows a longitudinal section of the device in 22a ,

In the 23 the possibility is shown, the flow in a hybrid tube by means of propulsion jet nozzles ( 19 ) or other means for supplying fluid preferably having a high pulse to change, wherein the longitudinal velocity or the swirl of the main flow is changed by the pulse of one or more propulsion jets depending on the propulsion direction.

23a shows propulsion jet nozzles ( 19 ), which (on the left in the figure) longitudinally directed driving jets ( 20 ), increasing the longitudinal velocity from (V1) to (V2). The propulsion jet nozzles ( 19 ) are supplied from the outside via a nozzle feed line ( 21 ) supplied with fluid. On the right in the figure, propulsion jet nozzles arranged in the circumferential direction are shown which increase the swirl of the main flow from (π1) to (π2).

23b shows opposite the hybrid tube inclined propulsion jet nozzles within the guide body. The propulsion jet nozzles can be arranged on a nozzle ring or within a streamlined hood and are preferably designed to be adjustable. Driving jet nozzles are also arranged at the opening, which increase the momentum of the secondary flow (B).

24a shows multi-part guide devices, which via two curved or appropriately profiled guide surfaces ( 22 ) and ( 23 ) form a tapered gap.

24b shows the use of a jet nozzle ( 19 ) between two fins ( 22 ) and ( 23 ), whereby by the propulsion jet ( 20 ) the swirl of the flow in the swirling space ( 05 ) is additionally reinforced.

25 shows an airfoil-shaped and rotatable propulsion jet steering device ( 24 ) for the flow in the swirling space ( 05 ) containing a propellant chamber ( 25 ) and a tangentially arranged Treibstrahldüse ( 19 ), wherein the propulsion jet nozzle is preferably located on the suction side of the steering device. The propulsion jet ( 20 ) accelerates the main flow in the direction of the propulsion jet.

26 shows a particularly fluid-absorbable hybrid tube ( 01 ), whose opening consists of several stomata, wherein a plurality of boundary surfaces ( 04a ) - ( 04e ) are arranged one above the other in a cascade. This version is suitable for power generation from water waves. Each partial flow (B1) - (B5) acts on other partial flows like a propulsion jet pump and favors the inflow into the vortex space ( 05 ). The boundary surfaces ( 04a ) - ( 04e ) can, as shown on the right, also be arranged side by side. To prevent backflow at the openings, the boundary surfaces ( 04 ) in this order ( 04a ) 04b ) 04c ) 04e ) from the boundary surface ( 02 ) are increasingly spaced. The end edge of the guide body ( 01 ) is accordingly further spaced than the area ( 04e ).

27 shows the guide body according to the invention ( 01 ) with a vortex coil generator ( 28 ) from 8 individual vertebrae ( 29 ), in longitudinal section upper part figure and in cross section lower part figure. The vortex coil generator narrows in this case, the cross section of the guide tube and receives tangentially supplied fluid from an outer annulus, so that a rotation of the fluid takes place in the shown 8 Längsbohrun gene, which at a rear edge as a vortex ( 29 ) in the guide body ( 01 ) and the eighth part of the vortex coil ( 28 ). This vortex coil generates in the core area ( 05 ) of the guide body a forward hurrying linear flow.

01

Guiding body, hybrid tube

02

Ausleitblech / catch plate, arranged tangentially on the hybrid tube

03

inflow direction for opening on the guide body

04

boundary surface the opening on the guide body

05

Tube interior, Whirl space of the guide body

06

Opening, tangentially arranged slot opening, nozzle

07

conical section

08

hyperbolic section

09

twisted tube

10

guiding rib

11

vane in the form of a dent or bulge

12

element for steering the lateral tangential inflow

13

A lazy river, Riverbed

14

flow machine

15

steering area in the area of the opening of the guide body

16

steering area in the area of the core body

17

axis of rotation a rotatable steering surface

18

cover

19

propulsion

20

driving jet

21

nozzle supply line

22

steering surfaces

23

steering surfaces

24

Driving beam steering device

25

Propellant chamber

26

end edge of the guide body in the whirl space

27

end edge of the guide body in the outer space

28

Vortex generator coils

29

whirl

A

Primary flow / axial mainstream

B

secondary flow (tangentially incoming or outgoing)

C

resulting Total flow / vortex or vortex coil flow

P

pump

M

mixing zone

ML

center line

AR

drain pipe

HS

Hybrid pipe section

V

longitudinal speed

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 69919543 T2 [0002]
• - EP 0611418 B1 [0002, 0004]
• - EP 1066220 B1 [0002]
• - DE 19526239 A1 [0002, 0004]
• - AT 138296 [0064]

Claims (21)

Device for guiding a vortex flow of a fluid having a substantially tubular guide body, wherein the vortex flow in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the guide body can be guided, characterized in that the guide body along its longitudinal extent has at least one opening which extends in a plane whose normal vector is arranged substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the guide body. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that that the device is used in multiple arrangement. Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the device comprises a turbulent flow, a simple vortex flow and / or a pronounced Vortex flow generated with leading fluid core. Device according to one of claims 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the fluid guide at the opening or in the guide body Driving jet nozzles are arranged. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the vortex coil of individual in consists of a circle arranged single vertebrae. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the guide body a has helical cross-section. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at the opening a funnel-shaped trained fluid guide is arranged. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the fluid-guiding device has at least one pivotably arranged one Has guide element. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one element for modification the swirl of the vortex flow. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide body is formed spirally. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one guide body, which in the Area of the opening in the guide body can be used. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one filter element inserted in the opening can be used. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one substantially tubular trained core body, which is in the guide body can be used and is substantially concentric with this. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that that on the core body at least one unit for influencing the fluid flow is arranged. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one turbomachine, which can be arranged in the guide body. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one closing element, with the opening is closed. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one conveyor unit, which can be arranged in the region of the opening. Method for guiding a vortex flow of a Fluids in the direction of the longitudinal axis of a substantially tubular shaped guide body, characterized in that the turbulent flow during the guide tangential fluid added and / or removed becomes. Method according to claim 18, characterized that the added and / or discharged fluid to change the swirl of the vortex flow is deflected. Method according to one of claims 18 and 19, characterized in that the added and / or discharged Fluid is passed through a guide body. Method according to one of claims 18, 19 or 20, characterized in that one or more boundary surfaces to the tangential surface of the guide body are increasingly spaced apart.