DE102007045671A1 - Antifriction bearing for component, particularly for gear switching element, e.g. gear shift rail or shift rod of motor vehicle gear, has inner bearing seat closed in gear shift rail - Google Patents

Abstract

The antifriction bearing (1) has an inner bearing seat (3) closed in a gear shift rail (2), which has a guiding section (6) for receiving two rows aligned in adjusting direction of a component arranged in a rolling body (4). The inner bearing seat has an elastic flexibility opposite to the rigid gear shift rail. The inner bearing seat is fixed axially non-relocatable in outer periphery of the gear shift rail, and is made of elastically deformed material, particularly from steel plate or spring steel.

Description

Field of the invention

The The present invention relates to a roller bearing for axially mutually displaceable components, in particular for Switching elements such. B. shift rails or shift rails of motor vehicle transmissions.

through said switching elements are in change-speed gearboxes of Motor vehicles on the movements of shift and / or selector levers on transmit the respective sprockets of the transmission. Shift rods and shift rails usually transfer axial actuating forces on the on these elements fixed shift forks and transferred from the switching process resulting reaction forces on the transmission housing. For the switching process, these elements must be axial be movably mounted.

Known bearings for shift rails or shift rails can be designed as plain bearings or as rolling bearings. The advantage of plain bearings, which are usually made of plastic, consists in particular in their robustness, the low cost and in the exact guidance of the switching elements. In addition, such plastic bearings have the advantage of an acoustic damping of the switching operation. Such slide bearing elements are, for example. In the DE 10 2004 002 804 B4 and in the DE 10 2006 032 782 A1 described. The main disadvantages of sliding bearings consist in their increased load-dependent coefficients of friction, which are to be avoided in the interest of a smooth-running switching operation.

For the storage of the shift rails or shift rails are also suitable Rolling bearings, where usually three or more defined, oriented in the longitudinal direction of movement grooves are provided, in which the rolling elements - usually are these balls - are guided. The rolling elements run with in cross section rectangular shift rails inside mostly a sheet metal element which engages around the shift rail and thus formed is that there are tracks to the ball. Alternatively you can the ball tracks also directly into the surface of a shift rod be introduced. Outside, the rolling elements roll in this case in a circular cylinder sleeve, which in the Gearbox is pressed. Such rolling bearings allow good efficiencies due to a low Bearing friction and thus increase the shifting comfort, as they are for a very smooth longitudinal guide the shift rail can provide.

The favorable coefficients of friction of the rolling bearings are almost independent of load and are in terms of amount significantly below the coefficients of friction of known plain bearings. Indeed can be due to the acoustic coupling of metal elements such as shift rail, running plates, balls, cylinder liner, gear housing etc. disturbing noises when switching from the sliding sleeve directly into the gearbox housing and thereby be transferred to the passenger compartment. Multi-row rolling bearings In addition, they are sensitive to misalignment of the two shift rail bearings to each other.

Bearing shells made of sheet metal or other materials which have a non-cylindrical contour in which portions of the bearing shell can be spaced from the shift rod to be stored or from the housing, are known. That's how it shows DE 34 02 523 A1 a rolling bearing for longitudinal movements for guiding a rod of rectangular cross section, wherein the mounted on the rod inner bearing shell has longitudinal grooves for guiding the rolling elements and sections between these longitudinal grooves, which have no contact with the rod. It is stated that the mounting force for pushing the bearing on the rod is very low.

Linear guides for switching shafts with multiple rows of bearings are from the DE 40 20 160 A1 as well as from the DE 41 61 823 A1 known. In these bearings, the outer bearing shell is provided with embossed longitudinal grooves, while the inner raceways are incorporated directly into the control shaft.

Finally, the reveals DE 199 61 571 A1 an inner sleeve of a bearing for limited longitudinal movements of a roller bearing rod, which is provided on at least two opposite side surfaces each with an inwardly directed projection. This projection is dimensioned in its inwardly projecting height so that it rests against the rod or is supported on the rod at least when the rolling body track is loaded.

A Object of the present invention is seen in an improved Rolling bearing for axially mutually displaceable To deliver components that transmit high forces can and at the same time for damping vibrations, Sound transmissions and vibrations suitable is.

This object is achieved by a rolling bearing with the features of claim 1, characterized in that an inner bearing shell or bearing sleeve has an elastic compliance with respect to a rigid, axially displaceable by means of the rolling bearing against a housing shift rod. The inner bearing shell may in particular be a seamless drawn sleeve, bushing o. The like., Which encloses the shift rail and with this to meh in contact with other bodies. To ensure the resilience of the bearing relative to the rigid shift rail yielding portions of the inner bearing shell relative to the outer surfaces of the shift rail are slidably displaceable.

The Inventive roller bearing for axially mutually displaceable components, in particular for Shift rods or shift rails provided by motor vehicle transmissions may be at least two rows of each in alignment Displacement direction of the components arranged rolling elements on, which roll at least in the inner bearing shell in careers or are guided, which the outer contour of the Partially enclose rolling elements. By the raceways formed around the rolling elements be the contact surfaces between career and Rolling elements increased, causing the surface pressure is reduced between the components; it can thus larger Forces and, if necessary, also transmitted torques become. Since the raceways have no cylindrical contour is a rotation of the two mutually displaceable components prevents what allows the transmission of torque. In addition, only the formation of defined raceways allows the desired compliance of the bearing shell opposite the rigid shift rail, without this, the rolling elements their leave fixed careers.

When Rolling elements are used in particular balls, each guided in raceways, in cross-section Have circular ring segments with the diameters of the rolling elements correspond. Because of the raceways in cross section respectively are adapted to the contours of the balls, the surface pressures through the larger touching surfaces reduces, which also reduces the component load.

The Component in which the shift rail guided axially displaceable In particular, a housing may be arranged with one therein Outer sleeve to the outer guide be the rolling elements.

Instead of of only two rows of rolling elements can the components in particular three or more radially uniform arranged raceways for each aligned in the direction of displacement having the components arranged rolling elements. This makes the shift rail particularly accurate to lead. In addition, the transferable forces are also higher, since the shift rail supported on three sides becomes. Of course, if necessary, more as three regularly arranged careers for provided correspondingly more rows of rolling elements be. This allows either the permissible loads for increase the shift rail or the diameter of the rolling elements reduce, as the load on more individual rolling elements can be distributed.

The Outer sleeve with three raceways for two, Three or more rows of rolling elements can optionally a round, a triovalen or otherwise shaped cross-section with sections of circular segment-shaped guides or raceways for the rolling bodies, ensuring the exact and symmetrical guidance of the balls is guaranteed.

A Another alternative embodiment of the invention Rolling bearing provides that a closed side of the formed as a bush inner bearing shell a contact surface forms for a hydraulic piston. By a smooth surface Training the closed end of the bearing shell can there a hydraulic piston clean. This contrasts with an advantage known solutions that provide direct support provide the shift rail, creating a relatively unfavorable designed contact surface is formed.

One particular advantage of the present invention is in addition to the damping of vibrations, the compensation of misalignments by the elastic inner sleeve. If oppositely disposed bearing bores in the transmission not exactly aligned and / or have angular errors, then leads the thus forced tilting in multi-row bearings in known Designs often cause bearing damage and early Failure of the bearings due to damage to the raceways due to inadmissible overload. This disadvantageous Influences of an insufficiently accurate production can excluded with the present invention in a particularly effective manner become.

Further Features, objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent The following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention, as a non-limiting example serves and refers to the accompanying drawings. Identical components basically have the same reference numerals on and are sometimes not explained several times.

1 shows a schematic cross section of a rolling bearing for the axial guidance of a shift rail with a rectangular cross-section.

2 shows a perspective view of the rolling bearing according to 1 ,

3 shows a schematic longitudinal section of the roller bearing to illustrate further details.

4 shows a schematic longitudinal section of the roller bearing another cutting plane.

5 a further embodiment ei ner rolling bearing, in which the inner bearing shell is designed as a sleeve.

The schematic representation of 1 shows a cross section through an embodiment of a roller bearing according to the invention 1 comprising a shift rail 2 with a rectangular cross-section, which is axially displaceable (ie, perpendicular to the plane of the drawing) in a transmission housing (not shown) is mounted. On the outer circumference of the shift rail 2 is an inner bearing shell 3 arranged in the form of a closed sheet, serving as an inner guide for the rolling elements 4 serves, in the present embodiment in each case by balls 5 are formed. The inner bearing shell 3 has four circumferentially distributed guide sections 6 on, axially in the longitudinal direction of the shift rail 2 extend and each have a circular segment section in cross-section, whose radius is the radius of the balls 5 corresponds so that they are guided over a defined area.

In the same way are the balls 5 or rolling elements 4 outside in an only indicated outer sleeve 7 guided, which may have an annular cross-sectional contour or a different kind of contour. A cage 8th serves for the exact guidance of the rolling elements 4 or balls 5 between inner bearing shell 3 and outer sleeve 7 and to ensure a uniform distance between the rolling elements 4 ,

Based on the sectional view of 1 as well as the perspective view of 2 is the contour of the inner bearing shell, preferably formed of seamless tube material 3 clarifies which the shift rail 2 Although completely encloses, but not with its entire surface rests against this. The non-adjacent areas, in particular on the long sides, on the inner sides of the inner guide sections 6 for the rolling elements, form flexible sections which yield under load and can provide a shift in the direction of the corner sections of the narrow sides. As a result, a very desirable elasticity of the entire rolling bearing 1 reached. This elasticity ensures on the one hand that certain manufacturing tolerances and misalignments can be compensated. The shift rail 2 does not have to be manufactured and reworked with very high accuracy, because the yielding bearing sleeve 6 can largely compensate for all manufacturing and surface tolerances that can typically occur at a conventional manufacturing accuracy.

The Elasticity leads to a further advantage of Invention, namely the possibility of compensation misaligned shift misalignment or shift rod bearings. Misalignment calls tension within the storage unit and thus a strong elevation the pressing of the rolling elements on the raceway surfaces resulting in exceeding the allowable bearing load can be, thus causing damage or destruction of the camp can lead.

On the other hand, the resilience of the inner bearing shell ensures 6 for that vibration and sound transmissions between shift rail 2 and transmission housing are transmitted only attenuated and attenuated, whereby comfort gains are achieved. Additional damping and shielding measures can thus be omitted as a rule, whereby the manufacturing cost of the shift rail bearing in the transmission can be reduced overall.

Based on the longitudinal sectional views of 3 and 4 becomes the axial fixing of the tubular inner bearing shell 6 on the shift rail 2 clarifies light, for example. By frontal jamming 9 corresponding 3 or by frontal widening 10 corresponding 4 can be done.

The longitudinal section of the 5 shows a further embodiment of the rolling bearing 1 in which the inner bearing shell 3 is designed as a sleeve. The essential difference to 3 is that the rifle is closed on one side. The closed side 11 serves as a contact surface for a hydraulic piston (not shown). The rest of the structure of the rolling bearing 1 corresponds to the 3 ,

The The invention is not limited to the above embodiments limited. Rather, a variety of variants and Modifications conceivable that of the invention Use your thoughts and therefore also in the protection area fall.

1

roller bearing

2

Shift rail, shift rod

3

inner bearing shell

4

rolling elements

5

Bullet

6

internal guide section

7

outer sleeve

8th

Cage

9

deadlock

10

widening

11

closed page

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102004002804 B4 [0003]
• - DE 102006032782 A1 [0003]
• - DE 3402523 A1 [0006]
• DE 4020160 A1 [0007]
• DE 4161823 A1 [0007]
• - DE 19961571 A1 [0008]

Claims (9)

Rolling bearing ( 1 ) for axially mutually displaceable components, in particular for shift rails ( 2 ) or shift rails of motor vehicle transmissions, with a the shift rail ( 2 ) enclosing inner bearing shell ( 3 ), the guiding sections ( 6 ) for receiving at least two rows of each aligned in the direction of displacement of the components arranged rolling elements ( 4 ), characterized in that the inner bearing shell ( 3 ) an elastic compliance with respect to the rigid shift rail ( 2 ) having. Rolling bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner bearing shell ( 3 ) is a seamlessly drawn sleeve or sleeve, which the shift rail ( 2 ) and in contact with it in several places. Rolling bearing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that resilient portions of the inner bearing shell ( 3 ) relative to the outer surfaces of the shift rail ( 2 ) are slidable. Rolling bearing according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the rolling bodies ( 4 ) each balls ( 5 ), each in careers ( 6 ) of the inner bearing shell ( 3 ) are guided, which have in cross-section circular ring segments with the diameters of the balls ( 5 ) correspond. Rolling bearing according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that three or more radially arranged rows of each aligned in the direction of displacement of the components arranged rolling elements ( 4 ) are provided. Rolling bearing according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the inner bearing shell ( 6 ) is made of an elastically deformable material, in particular of sheet steel or spring steel. Rolling bearing according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the inner bearing shell ( 6 ) axially immovably on the outer circumference of the shift rail ( 2 ) is fixed. Rolling bearing according to claim 7, characterized in that the inner bearing shell ( 6 ) with the shift rail ( 2 ) is caulked or jammed. Rolling bearing according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that a closed side ( 11 ) formed as a bush inner bearing shell ( 3 ) forms a contact surface for a hydraulic piston.