DE102007039436B4 - span winds - Google Patents

Abstract

Clamping winch for a lashing line with
A base body (1),
- One in the base body (1) rotatably mounted winding shaft (2) for the Zurrstrang, and
- At least one with the winding shaft (2) rotatably connected ratchet wheel (3a, 3b),
in which
- The winding shaft (2) has an accessible longitudinal section, in particular a front end, with a non-round, in particular hexagonal, drive lug (5) for attaching a rotary lever,
characterized in that
- At least in the circumferential direction around the winding shaft (2) spaced, in the base body (1) mounted and radially displaceable locking slide (4a, 4b) are provided which are in the radially inner position in engagement with the at least one ratchet wheel (3) and its rotation in the unwinding direction, and
- A release element is provided which is able to alternately one of the locking slide (4a, 4b) in the radially outer, not with the ratchet wheel (3a) in engagement befindliches to move position.

Description

The The invention relates to a tensioning winch for a lashing line.

such Tensioning winches are used between two tensioning straps or tensioning cables, by a strap attached to the winch or a tension cable through To reduce winding up and thus tighten the lashing line.

Usually such tensioning winches have a radially projecting tensioning lever, which in the manner of a winch over a certain angle range can be moved back and forth, and through a toothed ratchet wheel and a pawl engaging in the ratchet wheel, which is mounted radially displaceable in the clamping lever, the winding shaft can move in the winding, wherein the lock gear rotating reduced in the unwinding, as long as the gate valve in the is left in the activated position.

To release such Zurrstranges the locking slide is deactivated by displacing radially outward, causing the tensioned belt abruptly dissolves, which is undesirable at high voltages:
On the one hand injuries can occur due to the instantly releasing tension belt, on the other hand the cargo held by the tensioned tension belt can thereby get out of position.

In order to release the tensioning winch, the existing stress in the tensioned state when loosening the lashing line defined, in particular gradually, reduce, it is for example from the EP 0455085 A1 known, except the locking slide in the clamping lever and two other locking slide in the body - complains in the circumferential direction of the winding shaft - to order.

Of the Tensioning lever carries while at its periphery a release cam, be solved with each one of the two locking slide can, but must be for this required free movement of the clamping lever whose locking slide first be brought into the deactivated position and held there.

By Swinging back and forth the clamping lever in the way that the disconnect always alternately one of the locking slide in the base body in the release position moved, the tension in the lashing strand is gradually reduced by the ratchet wheels at release of a locking slide always by a small distance in the unwinding turn until the next one Tooth flank is applied to the straight not unlocked locking slide.

• – Zum einen muss während des Lösevorganges der Sperrschieber im Handhebel gelöst gehalten werden, was für die Bewegung des Handhebels umständlich ist,
• – des Weitern muss der Spannhebel sehr genau in einem bestimmten Winkelbereich bewegt werden, damit der Lösenocken abwechselnd jeweils einen der beiden Sperrschieber löst, da keine Anschläge der Lösebewegung des Handhebels vorhanden sind,
• – die durch den Spannhebel aufzubringende Spannkraft ist begrenzt von der Handkraft des Benutzers und der Hebellänge des Spannhebels,
• – die Abstrebrichtung der beiden Zurrstrang-Teile ist dadurch begrenzt, dass sie nicht mit der Abstrebrichtung des Spannhebels kollidieren darf,
• – die Sperrräder und darin eingreifenden Sperrschieber sind beidseits des Wickelbereiches offen angeordnet und sind daher wenig geschützt, können Verletzung erzeugen und leicht verschmutzen,
• – die Konstruktion mit insgesamt drei radial beweglichen, Feder- vorgespannten Schiebern ist aufwendig.

However, this solution has several disadvantages:

• - On the one hand must be kept dissolved during the dissolution process of the locking slide in the hand lever, which is cumbersome for the movement of the hand lever,
• - Furthermore, the clamping lever must be moved very accurately in a certain angular range, so that the release cam alternately solves each one of the two locking slide, since there are no stops of the release movement of the hand lever,
• - The applied by the clamping lever clamping force is limited by the manual force of the user and the lever length of the clamping lever,
• The stripping direction of the two lashing strand parts is limited by the fact that they must not collide with the stripping direction of the tensioning lever,
• The ratchet wheels and the locking slide engaging therein are open on both sides of the winding area and are therefore little protected, can cause injury and easily contaminate,
• - The construction with a total of three radially movable, spring-biased slides is expensive.

In addition, from the prior art, such as from the DE 20 2004 006 253 U1 , of the US 3 428 331 A or the US 2006 0 081 824 A1 , Spannwinds have become known in which the winding shaft for Zurrstrang has an accessible frontal end, which is designed in the form of a non-circular approach or a drive pin with engagement surfaces for transmitting a torque by a rotary lever or motor drive.

It The object of the present invention, a tensioning winch with a gradual release process to create that is easy and inexpensive to manufacture and avoids the disadvantages of the prior art.

These The object is solved by the features of claim 1. advantageous embodiments emerge from the dependent claims.

By the accessible Arranging only a non-round, non-rotatable approach to the winding shaft can If necessary, a rotary lever can be attached to this approach, however this rotary lever does not always have to be attached to it.

On the one hand it is thereby possible to remove the rotary lever again when the clamping operation is completed. In this way, one and the same rotary lever in the various tensioning winches can be used in several existing tensioning winches and will not be multiply be forces.

But above all, in this way the most suitable rotary lever tool can be used:
In the present case, very long tension straps are tensioned with the aid of the tensioning winch according to the invention, as they are laid across the load in long timber transports. Since the required length is generous for such straps, sometimes with such a tensioning winch even larger free stretches of the tension belt must be tightened with little force until the tension belt gets tension. For such cases, instead of a hand lever and a driven lever, such as the nut of a cordless screwdriver, placed on the approach and the winding shaft can be driven quickly.

Device the tension belt then under train, instead, a hand lever with a long lever length opens up put on the approach, so that applied because of the large lever length large clamping forces on the strap can be.

By doing the approach in the form of an optionally even interchangeable pin sitting on the winding shaft, can even different shaped cones, so cones with different trained approaches for different existing rotary levers, used or worn pins replaced become.

By doing the release lever axially spaced from the winding area is on the one hand the accessibility to the release lever not affected by the tension belt, regardless of in which direction he protrudes.

To the Others, the strap through the release lever and the nearby mechanism arranged not adversely affect, in particular not be damaged by abrasion.

Preferably are on the clamping winch therefore axially spaced separate areas, namely on the one hand a wrap area for the winding of the tension belt and on the other hand a mechanical Area for the accommodation of the at least one ratchet wheel, the release lever and the other parts of the locking and releasing mechanism.

A strict separation is achieved, for example, that the body of the sheet metal part has a base leg, in the direction of the winding shaft runs parallel and from the right angle and parallel to each other and axially complains of three carrying legs protrude, with the winding area between the first two support legs and the mechanical area between lies the last two support legs. Here are the first and last support legs be a U-shaped sheet metal bent part together with the base leg, in which the middle support leg is additionally used.

The Winding shaft penetrates all three support legs and is in stored this, which gives a better storage of the winding shaft is as in storage only at their ends. Also a less massive construction of the winding shaft itself is possible, and concomitantly a weight saving.

In same way also the gate valves, which only in the axial direction of the mechanical Range, shorter and thus be less massive, than if they also would have to bridge the entire winding area.

In addition, the Barrier be arranged in the peripheral region, anyway from the base leg of the body is covered, so that they are already well protected from damage and also soiling.

In addition, can the entire mechanical area, since this is not the tension belt is penetrated, by means of a covering, largely closed housing protected are mainly against pollution and damage, which is hardly possible if the mechanics on both sides at the two end faces of the winding area is arranged.

A particularly simple construction of the clamping winch arises when the winding shaft one of the two end faces ago axially slotted hollow shaft or massive wave is.

The two-sided slots are preferably up to the middle the three support legs and bridge it each from one side both the winding area and the mechanical area.

Of the Slit in the winding area serves for a plugging and thus fixing the tension belt in the winding shaft, and on the other for rotationally fixed insertion of the pin on which the approach formed is, by this pin on its back a plate-shaped extension has, which runs transversely to the axis of rotation of the winding shaft and can be inserted into the slot.

Accordingly is on the side of the winding area only one across the diameter such slot in the winding shaft necessary.

In the mechanical field of the slot is used to all non-rotatably to be fixed on the winding shaft parts such as the one or more ratchet wheels, the release lever and possibly other required spacer wheels axially on the winding shaft:
For this purpose, these parts have in accordance with the width of the slot shaped, inwardly facing projections which protrude into the interior of a formed in the interior of these parts passage opening. In order to increase the transmittable torque, the winding shaft in this area preferably has two such such slots at an angle to each other and the aufzusteckenden parts not only two, but four such inwardly projecting extensions.

By doing the two slots can be at right angles to each other, both the ratchet wheel as well as the release lever mounted in two different layers who the, so that thereby the Clamping direction of the clamping winch can be set individually.

At the release lever itself is on both sides of the release lever each formed a stop which on the outside of each of the two gate valves can be applied and then not on the both gate valves can be moved away, even if this are in their radially innermost end position.

By these attacks becomes the range of motion of the release lever limited, so no larger than the for the alternate release the two gate valves required Overrunning the pivoting path of the release lever becomes. This is a very fast and targeted gradual Solve the Tension belt possible.

By doing the release lever is only a lever approach to which the actual lever, so a lever extension, can be put on, the release lever itself is very small and easily trained and with very large forces to be solved, a corresponding size renewal on the approach of the release lever be plugged.

All in all this makes possible a construction of the tensioning winch which is very small and compact, especially the mechanical area can be well protected, and in the dependent from the applied clamping and releasing force the appropriate tools put on the tensioning winch and removed again can.

Thereby the weight of the individual tensioning winch is greatly reduced, especially with a larger number on the same vehicle to be mounted tensioning winches is positive.

embodiments according to the invention in the following example closer described. Show it:

1 : the clamping winch in exploded view,

2 : the tensioning winch in different views,

3 : the winding shaft,

4 : the release lever,

5 a ratchet wheel.

2a shows the winding shaft 2 in side view, in which the main body 1 with its longitudinal base leg 1a and its three transverse, in the axial direction 10 objected to, support legs 1b -D can be seen.

The distance 9a between the two support legs 1b and 1c is the winding area in which the tension belt, not shown, on the winding shaft 2 is wound up by placing it in the slot there 16 inserted and optionally pulled through and then the winding shaft 2 is turned.

As a result of the areas of the tensioning belt wound on the continuous section of the tensioning belt (not shown) under tension, the tensioning belt is known to be so strong in a force-fitting manner radially inwards against the winding shaft 2 Pressed that the tension belt does not loosen.

The exploded view of the 1 right next to the main body 1 shown items are in the assembled state of 2a in the mechanical area, ie at a distance 9b between the middle support leg 1c and the outer support leg 1d on the winding shaft 2 assembled.

On the one hand, these are two ratchet wheels in this case 3a , b, of which in 5 one is shown separately.

These ratchets 3a , B have unbalanced teeth, the tooth flanks rise relatively flat in their clamping direction, in the release direction, however, extend approximately in the radial direction.

In the two according to the desired clamping direction analog mounted ratchet wheels 3a , b grip from the outside radially the two locking slide 4a , b, which are in corresponding radially aligned slots 15a , b in the mechanical area 9b limiting two supporting legs 1c , d are incorporated.

The gate valves 4a , b are according to the length of the slots 15a , B movable between a radially outer and radially inner end position, and thereby biased by spring force in the radially inner end position, in which they in the ratchet wheels 3a , b engage while in their outer end position out of engagement with these ratchet wheels 3a , b are.

The in the activated, radially inner layer biased locking slide 4a , b can - preferably alternately - by a release lever 6 be spent in the radially outer, deactivated end position, with the result that then the disabled locking slide no longer hinder the release movement of the winding shaft, but possibly only the other locking slide, if it is radially in the engagement region of the ratchet wheels. Since the tooth pitch does not coincide with the angular spacing of the two locking slide, so the angular distance between the two locking slides is not an integer multiple of the angular distance of two teeth of the ratchet wheels, the winding shaft rotates after loosening the currently engaged locking slide until a z. B. half tooth pitch later applies the next tooth flank to the other, now active gate valve.

Thereby a gradual strain relief of the tension belt is carried out when the two gate valves are alternately deactivated one after the other.

For this purpose has the gate valve 6 - as best in the detail of the 4 visible - a release cam 7 projecting radially so as to disengage the inner edge of a gate valve against the locking wheels 3a , b holds.

The alternate deactivation of one of the two gate valves 4a , b is done by the release lever 6 on the stationary winding shaft around the axis of rotation of the winding shaft 2 is pivoted back and forth and thereby the release cam 7 of the release lever 6 alternately one of the two gate valves 4a , b radially out of engagement of the ratchet wheels 3a , b presses.

For this purpose, the two ratchet wheels 3a , b axially in the two outer areas of the mechanical distance 9b , so close to the two support legs 1c , d arranged so that the gate valve 4a , b near their axial ends, where they are in the support legs 1c , d be supported in the ratchet wheels 3a , b engage and thereby the risk of bending the gate valve 4a , b is low, or they can be dimensioned relatively weak.

Accordingly, the release lever 6 that as an item in 4 is shown between the two ratchet wheels 3a , b arranged.

There you can see that the release lever 6 a radially outwardly projecting extension 6 ' has, on which an extension lever is placed. On the radially opposite side is on the release lever 6 the functionally important part described above, namely the disconnecting cam 7 , formed.

This is shaped differently in the two directions of rotation in order to fulfill its various functions, which in the 2 B - 2e are shown.

First shows 2c the unlocked position, in one of the two gate valves, in this case the gate valve 4b , by means of the release cam 7 pressed outwards and unlocked, so that the belt unwinds until the other gate valve 4a abuts the next steep tooth flank.

2 B shows the position in which the release lever remains when the tensioning belt is tensioned:
In this case, one of the tension lock slide, in particular the locking slide 4a , in the deactivated outer position by the release cam 7 held, and the other locking slide rests in a recess that holds him radially in an intermediate position between fully activated and deactivated, so that when tightening the winding shaft rotating with the winding shaft locking wheels under a gate valve 4a go through completely and the other gate valve 4b only have to press slightly radially outward, which reduces the effort when tensioning the winding shaft. Nevertheless, this still offers activated gate valve 4b a sufficient abutment when the teeth of the ratchet wheel are released.

2d shows the unwinding position, in which the belt can be pulled off the winding shaft, thus allowing the winding shaft to rotate freely with the locking wheels. Then the one gate valve 4b through the release cam 7 disabled while the other gate valve 4a through the park cam 7 ' is also kept in its deactivated position.

At the two ends of the release cam 7 stand by this one stop each 14 radially outward so far in front of it that it has the appropriate gate valves 4a , b can not be performed, even if they are in their radially outer end position. Through the attacks 14 becomes the movement path of the release lever 7 limited. The park cam 7 ' is immediately after one of these attacks 14 ,

1 further shows that the release lever 6 out two successively laid in the axial direction and preferably welded together layers, in particular of the same sheet metal material, from which also the other parts as basic body 1 , Locking wheels 3a , b etc. punched or lasered out to a larger attack surface of the release lever 6 at the lock valves 4a to ensure b.

Furthermore, the individual presentation of the 4 that the release lever 6 a passage opening corresponding to the outer diameter of the winding shaft 2 owns to get on the winding shaft 2 rotate freely and release the gate valves as needed.

However, since the winding shaft also in the area where the release lever 6 sitting on it, slotted and even slotted crosswise - as best in the 3 the winding shaft shown individually - are in the axial region of the release lever 6 stiffening crosses 25 inside the winding shaft 2 arranged, which completely fill the space through the slots and thereby prevent compression of the winding shaft in this area. The stiffening crosses become axial 23 held by the release lever 6 axially adjoining retaining elements 24 , which also rotatably on the shaft 2 are inserted in the slots.

3 also shows a perspective view of the winding shaft 2 as a single item.

From the left front side, the winding area 9a , she is doing it with a transverse slot in the transverse direction 12 Slotted, from the right front side, in the mechanical area 9b , by contrast, by two perpendicular to each other slots 15a , b.

To the stability of the winding shaft 2 to improve, is the slot 12 introduced in a rotational position between the rotational position of the other two slots 15a , b so that, despite the axial mutual reaching of the slots 12 and 15 - or even the slight axial overlap - the stability of the winding shaft 2 preserved.

In the axial end regions are also each a transversely whole or almost completely continuous transverse bore 22 to see that serve for driving a dowel pin or screwing a locking screw and therefore can also have an internal thread.

Thus, the assembly of the clamping winch designed in the basic body designed 1 as follows:
From one side is the winding shaft 2 until reaching the mechanical range 9b advanced and the further forward sliding in the mechanical area there successively on the winding shaft 2 to be fastened items axially pushed and fixed against rotation.

This is done by removing the various items such as the ratchet wheels 3a , b Through holes according to the outer diameter of the winding shaft 2 have, and in this through-hole extensions 17a , b projecting, right in the slots 15a , b of the winding shaft 2 fit.

At the release lever 6 - Which must be able to rotate freely on the winding shaft - are instead of such extensions in the slots of the winding shaft 2 Separate crosses used and held as sheet metal parts, which is a compression of the winding shaft 2 prevent.

As the friction receiving wear parts are also axially between the support legs 1c , d on the one hand and the nearest ratchet wheels 3a , b on the other hand and between the ratchet wheels 3a , b and the release lever 6 distance wheels 13a , b arranged, which may for example also consist of plastic, and in turn with in the slots 15a , B engaging extensions rotatably on the winding shaft 2 are attached.

Is the winding shaft located 2 in their final position, in which they are on both sides of the main body 1 protrudes, each outside the main body 1 in the local cross bores 22 a tension pin 19a , b so driven that it is radially out of the winding shaft 2 protrudes and thereby an axial withdrawal of the winding shaft 2 from the main body 1 prevented.

On the side of the winding area 8th is before driving in the locking pin 19a the pin 21 with its plate-shaped extension 20 ahead in the slot 16 stuck, with the extension 20 one for transverse drilling 22 has aligned transverse bore.

Through the local security screw 19a thus becomes the pin 21 additionally form-fitting in the winding shaft 2 held.

Before screwing in the locking screws 19a , b are still friction rings between the locking screws and the body 25 , preferably also made of plastic, interposed.

Preferably, finally, the gate valves 4a , b in the main body 1 mounted as well as the biasing springs, of course, must be taken to ensure that then already the release cam 7 in the area between the two gate valves 4a , b must be.

1

body

1a

base leg

1b-d

supporting leg

2

winding shaft

2 '

axis of rotation

3a, b

ratchet wheel

4a, b

blocking slide

5

approach

6

release lever

6 '

extension

7

release cam

7 '

Park cams

8th

winding area

9a b

distance

10

axially

11

radial plane

12a, b

slot

13

distance wheels

14

attack

15a, b

slots

16

slots

17a, b

extension

18

mechanical Area

19a, b

locking screw

20

extension

21

spigot

22

cross bolt

23

stiffening cross

24

spacer

25

friction ring

Claims (14)

Clamping winch for a lashing line with - a main body ( 1 ), - one in the main body ( 1 ) rotatably mounted winding shaft ( 2 ) for the lashing line, and - at least one with the winding shaft ( 2 ) rotatably connected ratchet wheel ( 3a . 3b ), wherein - the winding shaft ( 2 ) an accessible longitudinal section, in particular a front end, with a non-round, in particular hexagonal, drive lug ( 5 ) for attaching a rotary lever, characterized in that - at least in the circumferential direction about the winding shaft ( 2 ), in the main body ( 1 ) mounted and radially displaceable locking slide ( 4a . 4b ) are provided, which in the radially inner position in engagement with the at least one ratchet wheel ( 3 ) and block its rotation in the unwinding direction, and - a release element is provided, which is able to alternately one of the locking slide ( 4a . 4b ) in the radially outer, not with the ratchet wheel ( 3a ) to move into position. Clamping winch according to claim 1, characterized in that the release element is a release lever ( 6 ) and axially spaced from the winding area ( 8th ) of the tensioning winch is arranged. Clamping winch according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the basic body ( 1 ) a sheet metal part with a base leg ( 1a ) and three parallel, axially spaced, support legs ( 1b to 1d ), the first section ( 9a ) between the support legs ( 1b and 1c ) the winding area ( 8th ) and the second section ( 9b ) between the support legs ( 1c and 1d ) the mechanical area ( 18 ) for the arrangement of the at least one ratchet wheel ( 3a . 3b ), as well as the release lever ( 6 ). Clamping winch according to claim 3, characterized in that the winding shaft ( 2 ) all three support legs ( 1b to 1d ) penetrates and is stored in these. Clamping winch according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the locking slide ( 4a , b) only in the mechanical area ( 18 ) limiting support legs ( 1c and 1d ) in aligned slots ( 15a , b) guided radially displaceably between two end positions and biased into the radially inner position. Tensioning winch according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the drive lug ( 5 ) in the open end of the hollow winding shaft ( 2 ) axially insertable, positively therein rotatably held drive pin ( 21 ). Tensioning winch according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the winding shaft ( 2 ) is axially slit from both end faces up to the middle support leg ( 1c ) between winding area ( 8th ) and mechanical area ( 18 ) and the winding shaft ( 2 ) is designed in particular as a hollow shaft. Clamping winch according to one of the preceding claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the winding shaft ( 2 ) in the winding area ( 8th ) a continuous slot ( 16 ) and in the mechanical area ( 18 ) two continuous slots at right angles to each other ( 15a . 15b ) having. Clamping winch according to claim 8, characterized in that in the mechanical area the least one ratchet wheel ( 3 , the release lever ( 6 ) and possibly spacer wheels ( 13 ) with the winding shaft ( 2 ) are connected by receiving radially inwardly projecting extensions ( 17a . 17b ..) in the slots ( 12a . 12b ) intervene. Tensioning winch according to one of the preceding claims 6 to 9, characterized that the drive pin ( 21 ) at its the winding shaft ( 2 ) facing end an axially and radially extending plate-shaped extension ( 20 ) which is in the slot ( 16 ) fits. Clamping winch according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the two locking slides ( 4a . 4b ) in the peripheral region of the winding shaft ( 2 ) arranged on the side of the base leg ( 1a ) lies. Tensioning winch according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 11, characterized in that the base leg ( 1a ) and the two outer support legs ( 1b and 1d ) are a U-shaped bent sheet metal part. Tensioning winch according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the release lever ( 6 ) on both sides of the release cam ( 7 ) one stop each ( 14 ) which protrudes radially so far that it on the outside of each one of the locking slide ( 4a . 4b ) can be brought into contact. Clamping winch according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the release lever has a lever approach on which the lever is attachable.