DE102007038324A1 - Flexibly bent organic electronic component e.g. organic LED, for e.g. color display, has electrodes between substrate base and cover, and getter layer, where getter layer and thermally conductive layer are thermally coupled to each other - Google Patents

Abstract

The component has two electrodes such as indium tin oxide anode (2) and cathode (4), arranged between a substrate base and a cover glass (5). An organic LED stack (3) comprises a layer made of an organic material. A getter layer (6) comprises a dry material and a thermally conductive material, and a thermally conductive layer (7). The getter layer and the thermally conductive layer are thermally coupled to one another, where the getter layer exhibits a thickness of 10 nanometer to 5000 micrometer. A metallic material is distributed in form of metallic particles in the dry material. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a method for protecting an organic electronic component (2) a method for visualizing of structures, symbols and/or characters by an organic LED.

Description

The The present invention relates to organic electronic Components, in particular organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) or organic Solar cells. OLEDs usually have more than one Organic layered organic layer system, which is contacted by means of two electrodes. This also applies to the organic solar cells. The present invention employs this particular with the cooling of the organic electronic components, with the generation of effects (for example the Achievement of color changes or the representation of characters or symbols through OLEDs). The present invention employs Beyond that with the protection (for life extension) such organic electronic components.

organic Electronic components are already known from the prior art known: For example, it is common in the production of OLEDs, Use desiccants, such as zeolites or CaO-based systems, since the harmful effect of water on the OLEDs already is known. The same applies to organic solar cells. Moreover, it is known that the temperature of the components their life, their performance and their stability are affected. In operation, there is usually a temperature increase of the components that adversely affect these properties, in particular also affects the life of the components.

at the standard desiccants known from the prior art (CaO and zeolite-containing products) it is known CaO-based Stick on desiccant in the form of adhesive pads. Zeolite-based Products are usually used as liquid driers (for example Zeolite pastes) from a solution. The zeolites must be activated before their use, which for example, by IR radiation and / or by introducing into a Vacuum can be done.

As already indicated, it may cause the degradation of the organic electronic Components come by light. One cause is education of singlet oxygen by the light excitation of photosensitizers (For example, phthalocyanines) and due to the energy transfer on the oxygen. This can be especially for outdoor applications of OLEDs or organic solar cells pose a problem, because the active surfaces are then exposed to the sun for a long time are. In this case, even small amounts of oxygen are sufficient (which for example, can penetrate through adhesive seams), to noticeably reduce the life of the components.

After all It is known from the prior art, color films, which for example can be glued onto the OLEDs to achieve lighting effects use.

task The present invention is based on the state of the art the art known organic electronic components whose Lifespan on as simple and inexpensive Way to extend. Here it is in particular a task, the cooling of organic electronic To improve components. Moreover, it is the task of the present invention, organic electronic components in particular to provide OLEDs with which Light effects in a simple, cheap and flexible way can be achieved.

The above tasks are by an organic electronic Component according to claim 1, by an organic electronic Component according to claim 21, characterized by an organic electronic Component according to claim 27 and by a display according to claim 38 solved. Advantageous embodiments are hereby to refer to the respective dependent claims.

Furthermore In the context of the present invention, methods are available provided (see claims 39 to 41), which in the context the above task solution also find use can. Uses according to the invention are described in claim 42.

The basic idea of solving the above tasks It is based on drying and cooling integrate the aforementioned organic electronic components. Further basic idea of the present invention is photochromic and / or electrochromic layers for protecting the organic electronic Components and / or for generating effects with such components use.

The solution according to the invention is hereinafter in detail with reference to several embodiments described. The individual inventive invention shown here Features can not only work in a combination like them in the individual special advantageous embodiments is shown, but may be in the context of the present Invention in any other combination options be formed or used.

• • Das erfindungsgemäß verbesserte Bauelementdesign erhöht die Wirkung von Maßnahmen zur Kühlung; insbesondere wird die Wärmeleitung zu entsprechenden Kühlelementen bzw. Kühlkörpern deutlich verbessert. Nicht nur starre, sondern auch flexible bzw. flexibel verkapselte Bauelemente können erfindungsgemäß besser Wärme abführen.
• • Insbesondere bei organischen Solarzellen kann erfindungsgemäß die Abwärme auch zur Energiegewin nung verwendet werden.
• • Die erfindungsgemäßen organischen elektronischen Bauelemente sind deutlich besser vor lebensdauerverkürzender Lichteinwirkung geschützt.
• • Mittels der erfindungsgemäßen organischen elektronischen Bauelemente lassen sich auf einfache und kostengünstige Art und Weise nahezu beliebige Effekte generieren.
• • Sowohl gegen die Degradation durch Wärme als auch gegen die Degradation durch Licht kann durch die vorliegende Erfindung eine deutliche Verbesserung gegenüber dem Stand der Technik erreicht werden, was insbesondere bei angestrebten Leuchtdichten von 1000 cd/m² und mehr sowie bei zunehmendem Integrationsbedarf der Bauelemente in Endprodukten eine Rolle spielt (der Wärmeerzeugung und -abfuhr kommt als lebensdauer- und eigenschaftsbeeinflussender Parameter eine immer größere Bedeutung zu).
• • Insbesondere durch die Kopplung der Wärmeabfuhr und der Aufnahme von Feuchtigkeit durch das integrierte Vorsehen von einem thermisch leitfähigen Material in der Trockenmittelschicht sowie die darauffolgende Ankopplung dieser Schicht an eine thermisch leitfähige Schicht ergibt sich hinsichtlich der oben genannten Aspekte ein deutlicher Fortschritt gegenüber dem Stand der Technik.

The organic electronic components according to the invention described in detail with the following exemplary embodiments have, in particular, the following advantages over the known from the prior art organi electronic components:

• The inventively improved component design increases the effect of measures for cooling; In particular, the heat conduction to corresponding cooling elements or heat sinks is significantly improved. Not only rigid, but also flexible or flexibly encapsulated components can dissipate heat better according to the invention.
• Particularly in the case of organic solar cells, according to the invention the waste heat can also be used for energy recovery.
• The organic electronic components according to the invention are significantly better protected against life-shortening light exposure.
• By means of the organic electronic components according to the invention, virtually any desired effects can be generated in a simple and cost-effective manner.
• • Both against the degradation by heat and against the degradation by light can be achieved by the present invention, a significant improvement over the prior art, which in particular at desired luminance of 1000 cd / m ² and more and with increasing integration needs of the devices in End products (heat generation and removal is becoming increasingly important as a lifetime and property-influencing parameter).
• In particular, by the coupling of the heat removal and the absorption of moisture by the integrated provision of a thermally conductive material in the desiccant layer and the subsequent coupling of this layer to a thermally conductive layer results in respect of the above aspects, a significant advance over the prior art ,

It demonstrate:

1 a first organic electronic component of the invention in the form of an OLED.

2 a flexible organic electronic component in the form of an OLED according to the invention.

3 a first and a second organic electronic component in the form of an OLED, which has a photochromic and / or electrochromic layer.

4 an application for an inventive organic electronic component in the form of an OLED.

5 to 7 other electronic components in the form of OLEDs, which have electrochromic layers.

1 shows a first example of an inventive organic electronic component in the form of an organic light emitting diode.

On a glass substrate or a substrate base 1 is adjacent to this glass substrate a first electrode (here: transparent ITO anode) 2 arranged. If, in the course of the further description, it is merely stated that a first element is arranged on a second element (and not also that both elements adjoin one another), this does not mean that the first element is arranged directly adjacent to the second element That is, it can then be arranged between the first and the second element readily one or more further elements. On the first electrode 2 and adjacent to this is an organic layer system 3 (OLED stack) arranged here, which has several layers of organic materials (the exact structure of such an OLED stack is known in the art from the prior art). On the OLED stack and adjacent to these is the second electrode (cathode 4 ) arranged. The first and second electrodes 2 . 4 are formed here as surface electrodes. On the second electrode 4 and adjacent to these is a layer of a heat conducting material, also referred to as a second thermally conductive layer, arranged (layer 9 ). Immediately adjacent to the heat conducting layer 9 (This is a copper layer) is a desiccant layer containing a dry material and a thermally conductive material 6 (Alternatively, as a getter called) arranged. This getter layer here comprises zeolite-containing materials, as are known to the person skilled in the art, but according to the invention a thermally conductive material in the form of metal particles is introduced into the zeolite layer. These metal particles are uniform over the entire layer thickness of the getter layer 6 distributed. The metal particles here have an average size of 10 to 100 microns and are in the getter layer with a volume fraction of about 30% 6 contain. The material chosen here was copper. The layer thickness of the getter layer 6 is 1 μm.

Immediately adjacent to the getter layer 6 and on this is a first thermally conductive layer (copper layer) 7 arranged. Adjacent to this thermally conductive layer 7 and on it is a cover slip 5 with a cavity which terminates the organic electronic device on the substrate-opposite side. The cavity is here cuboid in the cover glass 5 taken in and takes the thermally conductive layer 7 , the getter layer 6 and the second heat meleitmaterialschicht 9 on. The first thermally conductive layer 7 covers the glass substrate 1 facing cavity of the cover glass 5 completely so that they get the getter 6 at the top and the narrow sides completely surrounds and also the heat conduction material 9 thermally contacted laterally (on the narrow or end sides). Most of the first thermally conductive layer 7 , the complete getter layer 6 , the complete second heat conduction material layer 9 , the largest part of the cathode 4 , the complete OLED stack 3 as well as most of the ITO anode 2 are thus from the cover glass 5 closed and protected with cavity to the outside.

The first thermally conductive layer is now seen in the layer plane 7 led out laterally from the area of the cover glass by two thermal bridge connections 7a-1 and 7a-2 are formed. The thermal bridge connections 7a are (for example with a copper wire) with an external, passive heat sink 8th connected. Thus, in the OLED stack 3 generated heat through the Wärmeleitmaterial 9 , which can also be dispensed with, the getter layer with Wärmeleitpartikeln 6 , the thermally conductive layer thermally contacting this layer 7 and the thermal bridge connections 7a easy and efficient in the heat sink 8th for cooling the OLED stack 3 be transferred. The glue, which is the cover glass 5 with cavity on the glass substrate 1 or on sections of the electrodes 2 . 4 attached here is designed as a thermally conductive adhesive and is in thermal contact with the thermally conductive layer 7 and their thermal bridge connections 7a-1 and 7a-2 , which further optimizes heat dissipation.

The thermal bridge connections 7a-1 and 7a-2 are on their underside (ie on the glass substrate 1 facing section) with an electrical insulation 10a . 10b Mistake. Immediately adjacent to this electrical insulation 10a . 10b are then each electrical connections 2a . 4a the two electrodes 2 . 4 formed (which thus also laterally from the cover glass 5 covered area) to the OLED stack 3 via the first and second electrodes 2 . 4 to supply the appropriate voltage. The thermal bridge connections 7a and the two electrical connection contacts 2a . 4a are thus with the help of the electrically insulating section 10a . 10b coupled and each form common thermoelectric contacts of the organic layer system or OLED stack 3 out.

According to the invention is so in the first embodiment on the OLED 3 facing side of the cover glass 5 a thermally conductive layer 7 (which may be formed here of copper, but may also be formed of aluminum, silver, nickel, calcium, magnesium, zinc, Sn, iron, gold or an alloy of several of these metals) deposited. This layer 7 here has a thickness between 50 nm and 1 mm. Essential aspect according to the invention here is the formation of the getter layer 7 , So the application of a desiccant, which by introducing the thermally conductive materials (metal particles also from the above metals or alloys) for a quick removal of heat from the OLED stack 3 provides.

Optionally, here is an additional heat-conducting material layer 9 formed, which are in contact with the OLED stack system 3 and the thermally conductive desiccant layer 6 located. In addition to the necessary electrical contacting of the device via the electrical connections 2a . 4a becomes the thermally conductive layer 7 over the thermal bridge connections 7a (also made of copper) contacted, in order to allow optimum flow of heat. With this thermal bridge 7 . 7a is then the external heat sink structure 8th (the exact training is known in the art) thermally connected.

ever after application, in such inventive Component in addition to the passive cooling shown in addition an active cooling element can be used. Here can it is, for example, a fan or a liquid-cooled System act as they are known in the art. The active cooling element is then formed and / or arranged so that the already described Heat dissipation additionally supported becomes. In organic solar cells, it may also be advantageous be, the described passive cooling in a liquid reservoir to embed: By the transported heat is then this liquid reservoir (for example water-filled) is heated, the heated water or its heat can then continue to be used (for example, by connecting a System for hot water production or distribution). Depending on the application can such an embedding in a liquid reservoir also for OLEDs or other organic electronic components are suitable, which produce a sufficient waste heat.

As already described, the electrodes are 2 and 4 by providing the electrical connection contacts 2a and 4a , which by means of electrical insulation 10a and 10b to the thermal bridge connections 7a-1 and 7a-2 coupled so executed that a common electrical-thermal contacting of the OLED stack 3 he follows. In the present case, therefore, the heat-conducting layers are not live, so the heat-conducting layer 7 and the electrical parts are decoupled from each other. However, as is known in the art, are Also alternative embodiments possible, in which the heat-conducting layers 7 . 7a can be used simultaneously for electrical contact.

The heat removal according to the invention can be supported by the use of substrates 1 and / or coverslips 5 , which are particularly good heat conducting. These do not necessarily consist of glass, however, at least in training as an OLED or organic solar cell is necessary that one of the elements 1 . 5 at least partially transparent to light radiation of a desired wavelength.

2 shows a further inventive organic electronic component in the form of a flexible bendable organic light emitting diode.

Basically, the in 2 shown OLED constructed as the one in 1 , so that only the differences are described below: that in the embodiment in 1 rigid glass substrate 1 is here by a three-layer, flexible film substrate 1 replaced. Likewise, the two electrodes 2 . 4 As well as the OLED stack of flexibly bendable or ductile materials constructed.

Likewise, in the embodiment of FIG 1 rigid cover glass 5 with cavity including thermally conductive layer 7 replaced in the present case by a flexible bendable cover element, which consists of a flexibly bendable layer system. The flexibly bendable layer system 5 has three superimposed layers, but it may also be more or less than three layers (viewed from the substrate side facing away from the substrate side facing): A top, outermost cover layer of a support film made of polypropylene, polyethylene, PI or PET ( reference numeral 5a ). Adjacent thereto, a two-layer heat-conducting foil follows 12 (So here's a part of the cover 5 is). The foil-substrate-remote layer of this heat-conducting foil 12 is here as a metallized layer 12a constructed of ductile Cu or Al. Adjacent to the layer 12a follows the second layer 12b the heat-conducting foil 12 (which depending on the geometric configuration of the first electrode 2 , the second electrode 4 and / or the film substrate 1 in the OLED stack 3 adjacent to surrounding areas). This layer 12b is designed here as a PP, PE, PI, PET or polycarbonate layer.

The foil layer 12b thus forms in the area of the OLED stack 3 analogous to in 1 case shown a cavity. In this cavity are the OLED stack 3 and a further Wärmeleitmaterial surrounding this at its top and on its side surfaces 9 arranged. On this, so between Wärmeleitmaterial 9 (here as a liquid or pasty, non-conductive and the OLEDs not damaging material formed, for example, resin or silicone oil) and layer 12b and to the elements 9 and 12b adjacent here is also a getter layer 6 with a brought Wärmeleitpartikeln (analogous to in 1 shown case). The getter layer 6 is optional here.

When in 2 shown flexible, ie full-surface bendable component is the encapsulation or the cover 5 by a flexibly bendable layer system, which is a heat-conducting foil 12 has replaced. Alternatively, or cumulatively thereto, however, the substrate may also have a corresponding heat-conducting foil. The heat-conducting film may, as shown here, be part of a multilayer system, but it may also be the sole constituent of the substrate or of the encapsulation. Preferably, in this case at least one layer of the heat-conducting foil 12 Metallized, this can not only serve for heat conduction, but also to increase the barrier properties to water and oxygen. In the formation of the film substrate 1 and the flexible cover member 5 Care must be taken that at least one of these two surface sides of the organic electronic component is transparent.

In addition, when in 2 the case already shown in the context of the 1 described measures are taken (for example, external heat sinks and the like).

3a shows a first embodiment of another inventive organic electronic component in the form of an OLED, which has a photochromic and / or electrochromic layer. 3b shows another such embodiment, in which this layer compared to in 3a Case shown on the OLED stack 3 facing surface side of the substrate base 1 is arranged.

The basic structure of in 3a shown OLED element is like that of in 1 shown element. For simplicity, here is only the electrical contact 4a indicated the electrical and thermal connections 2a . 7a-1 and 7a-2 (including the elements 10a . 10b ) are not shown here. Only difference is that the substrate 1 on the lid 5 opposite side one adjacent to the substrate 1 arranged layer of a photochromic and / or electrochromic material 11 having. On this and adjacent to this is on the substrate base 1 opposite side a protective lacquer layer 13 arranged, which mechanical damage to the layer 11 prevented.

• • H. Bonas, H. Dürr „Organic photochronism", Pure Appl. Chem., Vol. 73, No. 4, pp. 639–665, 2001 .
• • G. Sonnez et al „A Red, Green and Blue Polymeric Electrochronic Device: The Dawning of the PECD Era", Angew. Chem. 2004, 116, 1523–1528 .
• • R. Mortiner "Organic electrochronic materials", Electrochimica Acta 44 (1999), 2971–2981
• • C. Lampert "Chromogenic Smart materials", materials today, March 2004, pp 28–35

Corresponding photochromic and / or electrochromic materials have already been described above for other purposes and are thus known to the person skilled in the art:

• • H. Bonas, H. Dürr "Organic Photochronism", Pure Appl. Chem., Vol. 73, No. 4, pp. 639-665, 2001 ,
• • G. Sonnez et al "A Red, Green and Blue Polymeric Electrochronic Device: The Dawning of the PECD Era", Angew Chem 2004, 116, 1523-1528 ,
• • R. Mortiner "Organic Electrochronic Materials", Electrochimica Acta 44 (1999), 2971-2981
• • C. Lampert "Chromogenic Smart Materials", Materials Today, March 2004, pp 28-35

With the aid of a corresponding photochromic and / or electrochromic layer, various aspects can now be realized as described below. With the help of photochromic layers (as used for example in self-tinting spectacles), it is possible to filter out interfering light wavelengths or light wavelength ranges. For this purpose, a photochromic layer 11 applied, which has a corresponding absorption band. In the case of organic solar cells according to the invention (not shown here), this is only possible to a limited extent since the light is required for energy generation. But even in this case, it may be useful to filter out depending on the incident light intensity, a portion of the wavelengths and / or a portion of the light intensity, if necessary.

at OLEDs can use this method especially in such OLEDs Be that light only in a narrow wavelength range emit, as is the case for example with monochrome OLEDs is. In addition, OLEDs for outdoor applications, which are turned on, for example, at night, from sunlight protected in the entire light spectrum.

The According to the invention used photochromic materials can be in one layer or in several layers on the Substrate can be applied. Also an integration of a corresponding layer or integration of the photochromic material into the substrate or in the encapsulation material (top emitting OLEDs) possible. To cover the desired light spectrum can a photochromic material can be used, but it can as well as several photochromic materials, which then preferably arranged in a plurality of mutually parallel layers can be used.

It Thus, both single layers, as well as layer systems be used.

All analogous to the use of photochromic layers or photochromic Layer systems can be the use of electrochromic layers or electrochromic layer systems take place. The advantage achieved thereby is the possibility of active switching of the sunshade in that the corresponding electrochromic layer with electrode contacts is provided, on the corresponding DC voltages let create. So z. B. the desired light intensity (Which meets an organic solar cell or which of an organic solar cell LED is emitted effectively) by the choice of voltage be set. The setting of a desired voltage also allows a gradual color change a suitable electrochromic system, for example on a Polyaniline. It is also possible, for a short time the OLED or the solar cell "active" for certain Switch wavelengths or ranges. An application Here is a traffic light from OLEDs, which, for example, the red Signal by transparent switching of the electrochromic layer for a short time can make visible. If the signal is not lit, either the OLEDs are turned off, the wavelength ranges the OLED can be filtered out or a combination both can be chosen. The stream for a color change is relatively small, since the once set Color state usually remains stable without further current flow.

By corresponding geometric structuring in the layer plane (in particular by local variation of the concentration of electrochromic material and / or photochromic material in the layer plane) also, as described below, effects are achieved: So can Color changes by applying a voltage to an electrochromic Layer can be achieved. These color changes are depending on used material system greatly variable by the voltage used. With this technique can be due to the appropriate local Structuring of the photochromic or electrochromic layer, too Characters and symbols made visible by applying the voltage or be changed in color.

The Thickness of the corresponding photochromic and / or electrochromic layer or layers depends on the color effect, which is to be achieved. Should only slight color changes be achieved, the corresponding layer is thinner to choose. Thicker layers require stronger ones Color effects. Alternatively or cumulatively However, the effect size is also about the concentration of the photochromic and / or electrochromic material in the corresponding Control shift. The color effects are dependent on the wavelength and the intensity of the light used.

According to the invention can be in the OLED generated by appropriate layers with suitable layer thicknesses, layer concentrations and layer materials are provided to optimize such decoupling.

A corresponding effect generation can also be done by purely photochromic layers. Thus, in addition to color changes, characters or symbols can be made visible by providing a corresponding layer structuring. An application hereof is, for example, a radiation intensity indicator. Depending on the wavelength to which the photochromic layers react, only certain areas and wavelengths can be selectively addressed by possibly secondary light sources. In this case, the OLED itself can cause the photochromic effect, ie the OLED emits the photochromic effect in the corresponding layer causing light. For example, this can be done with structured OLEDs or corresponding displays with several colors that can be emitted (cf. 4 where the letters OLED have been structured into a corresponding layer by only providing a concentration of the photochromic material other than 0 in these local areas: 4A shows the situation before a light incidence of light of suitable wavelength, 4B shows the case of irradiation of light of the appropriate wavelength, for example by the OLED stack 3 even.

According to the invention it is of course possible, both electrochromic as well as photochromic materials in different layers use (the layers can here either superimposed or also arranged next to each other). The layer thicknesses and / or the concentrations of the electrochromic and / or photochromic materials are chosen according to the intended application.

In particular, it is advantageous to attach the electrochromic and / or photochromic layers on the inside of the component (ie on the side of the substrate 1 which the OLED stack 3 facing) or between the substrate 1 and the OLED stack 3 (see. 3b ), since most of these materials are to be protected from wet and airborne.

Furthermore can according to the invention shared part of the electrodes become:

5 to 7 show such embodiments. These embodiments are basically the same as those in FIG 3a and 3b shown embodiments, so that only the differences will be described below. In the further, in 5 The example shown is the electrochromic layer 11 immediately adjacent to the transparent ITO anode 2 (on whose the OLED stack 3 opposite side of this electrode).

On the transparent electrode 2 opposite side of the electrochromic layer 11 is then immediately adjacent to the layer 11 arranged another electrode 14 , The electrochromic layer 11 is thus sandwiched between the transparent electrode 2 and the other electrode 14 arranged so that by means of these two electrodes 11 . 14 a desired voltage to the electrochromic layer 11 can be created. On the electrochromic layer 11 opposite side of the other electrode 14 (which is also layered here) is then adjacent to the substrate 1 arranged.

Im in 6 The case shown is the electrochromic layer 11 as in the 3a shown case. On its two surface sides, however, are two more electrodes 14a and 14b arranged so that a "sandwich" of substrate 1 , first further electrode 14a , electrochromic layer 11 , two more electrodes 14b and protective lacquer layer 13 results. Again, thus, the electrochromic layer 11 of two layered electrodes 14a . 14b , via which to the electrochromic layer 11 the appropriate voltage can be applied, included.

Also the in 7 The case shown is basically similar to that which in 3a is shown. Instead of using layered, sandwiched further electrodes 14a . 14b However, these two further electrodes are now in the layer plane of the electrochromic layer 11 arranged laterally thereof, so that the electric field generated by them not perpendicular to the layer plane through the electrochromic layer 11 goes through, but the electric field vector E is here in the layer plane and thus arranged perpendicular to the layer thickness or parallel to the layer plane through the electrochromic layer 11 passes.

In the first (in 5 ) thus becomes the ITO anode 2 also for the operation of the electrochromic layer 11 used.

The above-described possibilities can also be organic Solar cells use, since solar cells in addition to the power generation also to have a certain aesthetic, or in combinations as well of transparent OLEDs on organic solar cells.

According to the invention can hereby beliebi ge logos, such as company names or the like, make visible.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited non-patent literature

• H. Bonas, H. Dürr "Organic Photochronism", Pure Appl. Chem., Vol. 73, No. 4, pp. 639-665, 2001 [0036]
• G. Sonnez et al "A Red, Green and Blue Polymeric Electrochronic Device: The Dawning of the PECD Era", Angew Chem 2004, 116, 1523-1528 [0036]
• R. Mortiner "Organic electrochronic materials", Electrochimica Acta 44 (1999), 2971-2981 [0036]
• C. Lampert "Chromogenic smart materials", materials today, March 2004, pp 28-35 [0036]

Claims (42)

Organic electronic component, in particular organic light-emitting diode (OLED) or organic solar cell, comprising a substrate base ( 1 ) and a cover element ( 5 ) and at least partially disposed between the substrate base and the cover element: a first electrode ( 2 ), an organic layer system comprising at least one layer consisting at least partially of an organic material ( 3 ) and a second electrode ( 4 ), characterized in that at least partially between the substrate base and the cover element are arranged: a desiccant layer containing a dry material and a thermally conductive material ( 6 ) and a thermally conductive layer ( 7 ), wherein the desiccant layer and the thermally conductive layer are thermally coupled together. Organic electronic component after the previous one Claim, characterized in that the thermally conductive Material contains a metallic material, wherein the metallic material is distributed in the form of metal particles in the dry material, especially evenly distributed and / or the desiccant layer has a layer thickness of 10 nm to 5,000 to, preferably from 200 nm to 10 microns. Organic electronic component after the previous one Claim, characterized in that the metal particles have an average Size of between 0.1 μm and 1000 μm, preferably of between 1 .mu.m and 200 .mu.m. Organic electronic component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermally conductive material having a volume fraction of between 5% and 70%, preferably between 20% and 40% in the desiccant layer ( 6 ) and / or that the thermally conductive material comprises or consists of Ni, Cu, Ag, Al, Ca, Mg, Zn, Sn, Fe, Au and / or an alloy of several of these materials and / or that the dry material is at least comprises and / or consists of a zeolite material and / or CaO. Organic electronic component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermally conductive layer ( 7 ) at least one thermal bridge connection ( 7a ), by means of which the organic electronic component is thermally contactable and / or that the thermally conductive layer ( 7 ) has at least one metal and / or at least one alloy. Organic electronic component according to the preceding claim, characterized by a heat sink ( 8th ), which is in thermal contact with the thermal bridge terminal. Organic electronic component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the desiccant layer ( 6 ) between the second electrode ( 4 ) and the cover element ( 5 ) is arranged. Organic electronic component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the desiccant layer ( 6 ) and the thermally conductive layer ( 7 ) are thermally coupled to one another in that they are arranged at least partially adjacent to one another over the whole area and / or that the thermally conductive layer ( 7 ) between the desiccant layer ( 6 ) and the cover element ( 5 ) is arranged. Organic electronic component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first electrode ( 2 ) on the substrate base ( 1 ) and preferably also adjacent to it, that the organic layer system ( 3 ) is arranged on the first electrode and preferably also adjacent to it, that the second electrode ( 4 ) on the organic layer system and preferably also adjacent to this is arranged and that the cover ( 5 ) is disposed on the second electrode. Organic electronic component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a second thermally conductive layer ( 9 ), which between one of the electrodes ( 2 . 4 ) and the desiccant layer ( 6 ) and preferably also adjacent to this electrode and / or the desiccant layer is arranged, wherein the second thermally conductive layer ( 9 ) preferably has at least one metal and / or at least one alloy or is preferably formed as filled with a liquid or pasty material layer volume. Organic electronic component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by an active cooling element, preferably comprising a fan and / or a liquid cooling system, which is arranged and / or formed so that with him the organic layer system ( 3 ) is coolable. Organic electronic component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a liquid reservoir which can be at least partially filled and / or filled with a cooling liquid, wherein the desiccant layer, the first thermally conductive layer ( 7 ) and / or the second thermally conductive layer ( 9 ) are at least partially embedded in the liquid reservoir. Organic electronic component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first electrode ( 2 ) a first electrical connection contact ( 2a ) and / or that the second electrode ( 4 ) a second electrical connection contact ( 4a ) having. Organic electronic component according to the preceding claim and according to claim 5, characterized in that the first and / or the second electrical connection contact ( 2a . 4a ) via an electrically insulating section ( 10 ) to at least one of the thermal bridge terminals ( 7a ) is coupled to form a common thermoelectric contacting of the organic layer system. Organic electronic component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the substrate base ( 1 ) and / or the cover element ( 5 ) contains or consists of a material having a thermal conduction coefficient of between 0.1 watt / (m · Kelvin) and 500 watt / (m · Kelvin). Organic electronic component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the substrate base ( 1 ) and / or the cover element ( 5 ) comprises or consists of an electrically non-conductive material, in particular glass. Organic electronic component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the substrate base ( 1 ) and / or the cover element ( 5 ) is at least partially transparent. Organic electronic component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the substrate base ( 1 ) and / or the cover element ( 5 ) comprises or consists of a flexibly bendable layer system having at least one layer, wherein at least one of the layers of the flexibly bendable layer system comprises or consists of a heat conducting film. Organic electronic component after the previous one Claim, characterized in that the flexibly bendable layer system has or consists of a metallized layer. Organic electronic component after the previous one Claim, characterized in that the heat-conducting foil metallized to form the metallized layer. Flexible bendable organic electronic component, in particular organic light-emitting diode (OLED) or organic solar cell, comprising a flexibly bendable substrate base ( 1 ) and a flexibly bendable cover element ( 5 ) and at least partially disposed between the substrate base and the cover: a flexibly bendable first electrode ( 2 ), an at least one, at least partially made of an organic material layer having, flexibly flexible organic layer system ( 3 ) and a flexibly bendable second electrode ( 4 ), characterized in that the substrate base ( 1 ) and / or the cover element ( 5 ) comprises or consists of at least one at least one layer of facing, flexibly bendable layer system, wherein at least one of the layers of the flexibly bendable layer system comprises a heat conducting film ( 12 ) or consists thereof. Flexibly bendable organic electronic component according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the flexibly bendable layer system comprises a metallized layer ( 12a ) or consists thereof. Flexibly bendable organic electronic component according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the heat-conducting foil ( 12 ) is metallized to form the metallized layer ( 12a ). A flexibly bendable organic electronic component according to claim 21, characterized in that at least partially disposed between the substrate base and the cover element are: a flexibly bendable desiccant layer containing a dry material and a thermally conductive material ( 6 ) and a flexibly bendable thermally conductive layer ( 7 ), wherein the desiccant layer and the thermally conductive layer are thermally coupled together. Flexibly bendable organic electronic component according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the heat-conducting film is the thermally conductive layer ( 7 ) trains. Flexibly bendable organic electronic component according to one of the two preceding characterized by a training according to one of claims 2 to 17. Organic electronic component, in particular organic light-emitting diode (OLED) or organic solar cell, comprising a substrate base ( 1 ) and a cover element ( 5 ) and at least partially disposed between the substrate base and the cover element: a first electrode ( 2 ), an organic layer system comprising at least one layer consisting at least partially of an organic material ( 3 ) and a second electrode ( 4 ), characterized by at least one layer which comprises or consists of at least one electrochromic material and / or at least one photochromic material (electrochromic and / or photochromic layer), comprising an electrochromic and / or photochromic layer system ( 11 ). Organic electronic component according to the preceding claim, characterized in that a plurality of electrochromic and / or photochromic layers, each having a different light absorption spectrum comprising electrochromic and / or photochromic layer system ( 11 ). Organic electronic component after a the two preceding claims characterized by training as an OLED and in that the electrochromic and / or photochromic layer system comprises at least one layer which has at least one photochromic and / or electrochromic material, which light a wavelength range outside of the wavelength range emitted by the organic layer system of the OLED absorbed and / or which is chosen such that the wavelength the absorption maximum of the photochromic and / or electrochromic Material varies from the wavelength of the emission maximum of the wavelength range emitted by the organic layer system of the OLED by at least 10%, preferably by at least 25%, preferably by at least 50%, preferably at least 100%, based on the wavelength the absorption maximum is different. Organic electronic component after a the three preceding claims characterized that the electrochromic and / or photochromic layer system on the the cover member facing side of the substrate base and preferred Also located adjacent to the latter is that the electrochromic and / or photochromic layer system facing away from the cover Side of the substrate base and preferably also adjacent to the latter is arranged that the electrochromic and / or photochromic layer system on the substrate base side facing the cover and Preferably also adjacent to the latter is arranged that the electrochromic and / or photochromic layer system on the substrate base opposite side of the cover and preferably also adjacent is arranged on the latter or that the electrochromic and / or photochromic layer system integrated in the cover or in the substrate base is arranged integrated. Organic electronic component after a the four preceding claims characterized in that the electrochromic and / or photochromic layer system comprises at least one Layer comprising at least one electrochromic material, and two electrodes, said layer using the two Electrode is electrically contacted. Organic electronic component after a the five preceding claims characterized in that the electrochromic and / or photochromic layer system comprises at least one in the layer plane in particular by variation of the local concentration of the electrochromic and / or photochromic material having electrochromic and / or photochromic layer. Organic electronic component after the previous one Claim characterized by several one above the other perpendicular to the layer plane arranged structured electrochromic and / or photochromic layers, wherein the layers are preferably each structured differently. Organic electronic component after a of the seven preceding claims characterized, that the electrochromic material contains polyanniline or consists of and or that at least one of electrochromic and / or photochromic layers have a thickness of 50 nm to 1 mm and or that at least one of the electrochromic materials and / or the photochromic materials in a matrix. Organic electronic component after a the preceding claims, characterized in that the organic layer system at least one in the layer plane in particular by varying the local concentration of its organic Material structured layer has. Organic electronic component according to one of the nine preceding claims, characterized in that at least partially disposed between the substrate base and the cover: a drying agent layer containing a dry material and a thermally conductive material ( 6 ) and a thermally conductive layer ( 7 ), wherein the desiccant layer and the thermally conductive layer are thermally coupled together. Organic electronic component after the previous one Claim characterized by an embodiment according to one of the claims 2 to 20. Display comprising a plurality of in a two-dimensional Matrix arranged organic electronic components in the form of OLEDs according to one of the preceding claims. Process for protecting an organic electronic Component, in particular an organic light emitting diode (OLED) or an organic solar cell, against the incidence of light of a defined spectral range and / or from light above a predefined intensity, characterized in that an organic electronic component according to one of claims 27 to 37 a variable in time electrical voltage is applied. Method according to the preceding claim characterized characterized in that the electrical voltage is dependent on the time of day and / or depending on the incident on the device Light intensity is varied. Method for the temporary visualization of Structures, symbols and / or characters by means of an organic Light-emitting diode (OLED), characterized in that an organic Electronic component according to one of claims 27 to 37 a time-varying electrical voltage is applied. Use of an organic electronic component according to one of claims 1 to 37 for temporary Make structures, symbols and / or characters visible, in a display, for color display or for radiation intensity display.