DE102007003141A1 - Method for avoiding vibrations of drum used in printing, comprises electronically controlled bending of drum - Google Patents

Abstract

The drum (1) has two roll necks (2) moving in laterally positioned bearings (3). Actuators (10) in the shape of hydraulic cylinders are positioned adjacent to the bearings (3). Unwanted vibrations are registered by a sensor system (13) and the signals transmitted to a control unit (14). The condition of the arrangement is evaluated, signals for counteracting measures generated and transmitted to the adjusting unit (15). The actuator (10) causes the bearings (3) and the roll necks (2) to move in a right angle to the central axis of the drum (1) bending the drum (1) in the process. An independent claim is given for a unit using the method.

Description

The The invention relates to a method and apparatus for reduction vibrations in a rolling mill, in particular in hot rolling plants, Cold rolling and striping of strip, production or printing of paper or foil.

at rollings such as hot rolling, cold rolling and strip rolling, the Making or printing on paper and foils causes vibrations in the rolling mill and in particular to vibrations of the rollers, vibrations the bearings and vibrations of the drives. Depending on the intensity of this Vibrations arise on the material periodic phenomena e.g. transverse to the processing direction such as waves at Rolling of metal strip ("Rolling Mill Chatter "), Strips in film or paper making ("calender barring") or dropouts and Offset or register deviations during printing. Such periodic Errors affect the quality of the product or the process flow negative. The defective product will provide either shortfall or belongs to the committee. In addition, can it to process interruptions come. In addition, reduce big ones Vibration amplitudes the life of the wear parts and reduce the life of the entire system.

vibration causes For example, are non-circular rolls or bearing defects, misalignment in drive or transmission defects, which is a speed proportional Induce vibration excitation of the rollers or the rolling mill and Self-excitations of the roll vibrations, the bearing vibrations or the drive vibrations. Because the cause of the periodic Errors leading vibrations by the general plant type (relatively slender rolls, low Damping, Play in the bearings or chocks, long drive spindles) lies and the process conditions (high processing speeds, changing friction conditions, relatively large forces) mandatory, can not be a principal remedy respectively.

In The practice is currently trying the vibrations of the rolling mill on the Reduce processing speed. The adjustment takes place the processing speed according to the experience of the plant operator. However, the occurrence of vibrations can not be completely excluded even then become. When disturbing vibrations occur despite already reduced processing speed then often one further reduction of the speed according to the subjective specifications of the respective operator.

In front In this background, the invention is based on the object Method and apparatus for reducing vibration to propose in a rolling mill, while maintaining high Processing speeds the production of rolled products without allowing periodic errors.

These The object is achieved by the method and the device according to the main claims. advantageous Embodiments are specified in the subclaims.

The inventive method has a control system based on measurement signals a vibration measuring system activates at least one actuator, the vibration-reducing forces Moments and / or vibration-reducing displacements and / or Twists on a roller, a bearing, a drive train and / or produced another component of the rolling mill.

Of the The invention is based in particular on the idea, by actuators active, for example, a translatory or rotary deflection to produce in a component of a rolling mill. This works in particular the plant-related or process-related oscillations opposite. Particularly preferably, the reduction takes place during the Operation ("online"). This counter-deflection causes a reduction of the vibrations, whereby a complete extinction of the vibrations is understood as a reduction. Preferably, by the Actuators forces, moments, Shifts and / or twists in antiphase to be mitigated Generated vibrations.

The most critical vibrations for the quality (e.g., periodic band errors) and the equipment condition (e.g., defective Rollers and the bearings) are oscillations of large amplitudes in the natural frequencies the plant parts and in particular when self-excited. After her local appearance These can be divided into oscillations of the rolls (during strip rolling e.g. Priority rigid body vibrations of the set of rollers ("Gage-Chatter") and by bends superimposed on the rolls Vibrations ("Roll-Chatter")), vibrations of the bearings (in band rolling, for example, chattering phenomena by movements the building pieces in the roll stand ("Chock-Chatter")) as well as vibrations of the drive train (in belt rolling, for example, different torsional vibrations Frequencies and vibration modes ("torque chatter")).

The inventive method can be used to reduce these different forms of vibration (roll vibrations, Lagerschwin conditions, drive oscillation. In this case, the method according to the invention can be used for the purpose of reducing a single oscillation form as it is used, but also for simultaneously reducing a plurality of oscillation forms. The signal acquisition for determining the system behavior and the control system can be used uniformly for all types. The actuator is particularly designed so that the necessary forces, moments, shifts and / or rotations, in particular the necessary vibration paths and / or for the corresponding components, vibration modes and frequencies. Oscillation angle can be generated. It is possible to reduce in a system only one, two or even all three of the types of vibration by the corresponding structure of the system.

The vibration sensing system detected the translational or rotational vibrations to be reduced. This can be done immediately. So can the vibration measurement system For example, the translational or rotational movements of optical or tactile components to be influenced by the actuator measure up. The vibration measuring system but can be complementary or alternatively also based on the vibration indirectly related Measurement results notice the vibration. So can the vibration measurement system Quality sizes, for example the tape thickness, measure. Likewise, the vibration measuring system the system signals, such as vibration acceleration or Strain signals of individual system components as well as process signals, for example, fluctuations in the Anstellsystemen, such as the rolling force, the roll bending, the strip tension or fluctuations of the current of the drive motors, measure. The vibration measuring system can also measure other sizes, the one conclusion to the to be reduced oscillations of the plant, to be reduced Quality defects, on the plant defects to be reduced or on the to be reduced production disruptions enable.

The Control system can be designed adaptive, in particular to to reduce well-related periodic errors well. The adaptation Thus, for example, at the beginning of a new Walzstichs already provide the basic parameters that are due to learning values previous rolling operations result. This results in a faster response of the vibration reduction. One Adaptive system also allows the vibration reduction to changing conditions how different process parameters, different rolling material, different roll diameters and boundary conditions (storage, chocks and clearance).

In a preferred embodiment is the control signal determined by the control system in a control system, in particular a converter, adapted and / or amplified. For example are the control signals from the control system in signals that are in the Actuators can be used For example, hydraulic or pneumatic signals, converted.

The Operating principle of the actuator can preferably hydraulic, pneumatic, be electromechanical, piezoelectric or magnetic.

The vibration-reducing effect of the actuator can be achieved by an active or adaptive increase the damping, by an active or adaptive eradication and / or by an active one or adaptive detuning of the system.

Further the vibration-reducing effect can also by a regulation existing Actuators take place. For example, a vibration damping can be Achieve effect of an actuator by adjusting the actuator imposes a behavior which closely resembles the behavior of a spring-damper element.

to Vibration reduction, the invention is based on the idea that by an actuator actively vibration-reducing forces, moments and / or displacements and / or rotations on the roller, the Bearings, a drive train and / or another component the rolling mill to produce, especially the plant-related and / or the process-related vibrations counteract. Especially the counter-deflection of exactly the component, whose vibration is to be reduced is preferred. At the reduction the roll vibration are therefore preferably vibration reducing forces Moments and / or displacements and / or twists on the roller, in the storage vibration at the storage and the drive vibration effected on the drive train. This causes a reduction of respective oscillation or clears the respective oscillation completely out. Preferably, a deflection is generated, the plant-related or process-related vibration is in phase opposition.

In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises a control system which, based on measurement signals of a vibration measuring system, actuates at least one actuator for generating vibration-reducing roll bends. The roll bends generated by the actuator may be such that they themselves generate a roll vibration of the first or higher eigenform, and thus may also have vibration nodes. As a result - in addition to the existing, to be reduced roll vibration - The additional generated roll vibration leads to a very small residual vibration of the roll or a stationary roll.

The inventive method assumes in reducing roll vibrations in particular, that the initially described, periodic error causing vibrations their influence on the rolled product over have at least one roll in contact with the rolled product. Preferably, the vibration of this roller by generating a vibration-reducing roll bending soothes. Depending on the type of plant, however, can Good results are achieved when, according to one embodiment the invention additionally or alternatively a vibration-reducing roll bending at intermediate or back-up rolls is produced.

In a preferred embodiment grasps that vibration sensing system the vibrations to be reduced, for example the bearing vibrations, the roll vibrations or drive vibrations, for example may also be provided to measure all the vibrations. The capture a vibration can be instantaneous (e.g., by optical or tactile measurement) or indirectly based on the Roll vibration more coherent Measurement results (e.g. quality and process variables).

Preferably the actuator generates the roll bending by deflection of a roll neck or by deflection of the bearing of the roll neck. To carry out the inventive method a single actuator can be used. Preferably However, the roll bending generated by multiple actuators. Especially can a plurality of arranged on a roll neck actuators roll bends generate in planes that are at an angle to each other. The roll bending can also be done by excitation on both roll neck. As well can the actuator by other types of intervention, such as radial compressive forces at the roll circumference, bend.

at the method according to the invention can several rolls by generating vibration-reducing forces or Moments and roll bends are excited. For example, at Rolling mills with rollers forming a nip between them, can the upper and lower work roll stimulated to reduce vibration become. Furthermore, the applied by the actuator roll bending be reduced in their absolute displacement and / or frequency, when both the work rolls and the intermediate or backup rolls reduced by vibration according to the inventive method become. A nearly parallel swinging of the upper against the lower one Roller set ("Gage-Chatter"), for example by opposing opposite roll bends Work rolls are extinguished. The simple bending of a roller in a first approximation Parallel offset of the roller can be understood.

The inventive device for reducing vibrations in a rolling mill has a Control system, which has at least one actuator as actuator, the vibration-reducing forces, Moments and / or vibration-reducing displacements and / or Twists on the roller, the bearings, a drive train and / or another component of the rolling mill can produce, wherein a vibration measuring system is provided, the measuring signals supplied to the control system become. In particular, the device according to the invention has a control system on, as an actuator at least one a vibration-reducing Roll bending generating actuator has. In particular, be the measuring signals implemented by the control system in control signals for the actuator.

The Control system can have its own, for the reduction of the roll vibration, the bearing vibration or be the drive vibration provided control system. The control system can but also part of a complete Control of the rolling mill or a regulation of subcomponents the rolling mill, for example, the reduction of a roll vibration and combine a storage vibration. If the given Target size, like e.g. the desired bending due to the vibration reduction no longer are to be complied with, for example, an adaptation of the setpoints can be made. The adaptation of the setpoints delivers better adherence to the original target size, without the quality the vibration reduction significantly deteriorate.

For the reduction Roll vibration by roll bending are all systems as an actuator suitable, the one roll bending with the necessary deflection, Can achieve frequency and power. Preferably, as an actuator for the already in the rolling process as a manipulated variable of the band flatness be used roll bending device or one by exchange elements replaced roll bending device. Particularly preferred is as an actuator a hydraulic lifting cylinder used. For example, though also electromechanical, piezoelectric or magnetic systems be used.

The actuator preferably engages a roll neck of the roll to be soothed. Preferably, the device according to the invention has in addition to already existing roll bending directions on a further actuator for generating the vibration-reducing roll bends.

In a preferred embodiment become translatory oscillations by the actuators on the roller the set of rollers and / or bending vibrations of the rollers in their reduced different vibration modes.

In a preferred embodiment is the actuator on the flat guides arranged and can deflect the storage.

In a preferred embodiment be one or more bearings from the group of bearings the work rolls, the intermediate rolls and / or the backup rolls, stimulated by generating vibration-reducing shifts or forces.

In a preferred embodiment become translational vibrations by using the actuator the bearings and / or tilting and / or other vibration modes reduced storage.

In a preferred embodiment the actuator generates rotational movements of the drive or torsion. Particularly preferred is the actuator on the drive spindles or arranged at another location of the drive train.

In a preferred embodiment the vibrations of different drive trains are reduced, such as. Drives of the work rolls and the backup rolls or drives with Gearboxes and without gearboxes, drives with power distribution (pinion gearboxes) and direct drives, drives with one and more motors.

In a preferred embodiment the vibrations of different parts of the system are individually or simultaneously reduced, for example, the roll vibrations and / or Storage vibrations and / or drive vibrations.

The inventive method and the device according to the invention can be anywhere use, where rollers act on other elements, in particular in facilities for cold rolling and metal strip striping, manufacturing or printing on paper and foil. The inventive method and the device according to the invention achieve in particular an improvement in product quality, a Improvement of the plant condition and / or an improvement of the plant Process. The inventive method and the device according to the invention can Reduce vibrations caused by one or more speed proportional or not speed proportional suggestions can be caused, such as e.g. non-circular rolls or bearing defects, misalignment in the drive or transmission defects or self-excitations of roll vibrations, of bearing vibrations or drive vibrations.

following the invention is based on merely exemplary embodiments Drawings closer explained. Show:

1 the schematic structure of the device according to the invention for reducing roll vibrations;

2 the control for the active reduction of a bending vibration in the first mode of the roller;

3 the control for active counter-movement of a bending vibration in the second mode of the roller;

4 the schematic structure of the device according to the invention for reducing bearing vibrations;

5 the schematic structure of the device according to the invention for reducing drive vibrations.

In the 1 illustrated roller 1 is with its roll neck ( 2 ) in bearings (bearings and chocks) ( 3 ) stored. At the storages ( 3 ) are actuators ( 10 ) arranged. These can be the bearings ( 3 ) and the roll neck ( 2 ) deflect perpendicular to the roll axis.

The vibration measuring system ( 13 ) determines vibrations of the roller ( 1 ) and transmits these measuring signals to the control system ( 14 ). Based on the measured signals, this identifies the current system status with regard to vibration-related periodic product errors. This condition is evaluated and signals for countermeasures are generated and sent to the control system ( 15 ) (control signals). The control system ( 15 ) amplifies the control signals and converts them according to the actuators ( 10 ) (of electrical signals eg in servohydraulic signals with a hydraulic actuator). The example designed as a lifting cylinder actuator ( 10 ) generates forces or directs the bearings ( 3 ) and roll neck ( 2 ) of the rolls ( 1 ) and thus produces a vibration-reducing roll bending.

2 shows - to illustrate the generated roll bending without taking into account the oscillation deflection to be reduced - that by deflection of the roll neck ( 2 ) in same Direction of a roll bend in the first mode of the roll can be generated. By this bending of the bending bending vibrations and also rolling set vibrations can be extinguished, which stimulate the roll with its first eigenform (such as "roll chatter" during strip rolling), but also a parallel swinging of the rolls (such as "Gage-Chatter" during strip rolling).

3 shows that by movement of the roll neck ( 2 ) in the opposite direction, a bending vibration in the second mode of the roller can be generated. Depending on the frequency of the deflection of the roll neck ( 2 ) Bending vibrations of higher intrinsic shapes of the roller can be generated and thus vibrations of different frequency and vibration modes can be reduced.

4 shows the basic structure of the device for reducing vibrations of the bearings on the example of a duo-rolling mill. The rollers ( 1 ) are with the roll neck ( 2 ) in the bearings ( 3 ) (Bearing and chock) over the flat guides ( 4 ) of the chocks (building slabs) and the flat guides ( 5 ) of the roll stand (stand plates) in the window of the roll stand ( 6 ) built-in. On the flat guides are actuators ( 11 ) arranged. These can be the bearings ( 3 ) and the roll neck ( 2 ) deflect in the band direction or generate forces.

The vibration measuring system ( 13 ) determines vibrations of the bearings ( 3 ) and transmits these measuring signals to the control system ( 14 ). Based on the measured signals, this identifies the current system status with regard to vibration-related periodic product errors. This condition is evaluated and signals for countermeasures are generated and sent to the control system ( 15 ) (control signals). The control system ( 15 ) amplifies the control signals and converts them according to the actuators ( 11 ) (of electrical signals eg in servohydraulic signals with a hydraulic actuator). The example designed as a lifting cylinder actuator ( 11 ) directs the bearings ( 3 ) and roll neck ( 2 ) of the rolls ( 1 ) and thus creates a vibration-reducing movement of the bearings and thus reduces, for example, "Chock-Chatter" when rolling tape.

5 shows the basic structure of the device for reducing vibrations of the drive train using the example of a four-high rolling mill with work rolls ( 1a ) and drive the support rollers ( 1b ) via the drive spindles ( 7 ) and the gears ( 8th ) through the engines ( 9 ).

On the spindles ( 7 ) or at other locations of the powertrain are actuators ( 12 ), which can generate or prevent torques or rotational movements.

The vibration measuring system ( 13 ) determines torsional vibrations of the drive train and transmits these measuring signals to the control system ( 14 ). Based on the measured signals, this identifies the current system status with regard to vibration-related periodic product errors. This condition is evaluated and signals for countermeasures are generated and sent to the control system ( 15 ) (control signals). The control system ( 15 ) amplifies the control signals and converts them according to the actuators ( 12 ) (of electrical signals eg in servohydraulic signals with a hydraulic actuator). The actuator ( 12 ) creates a vibration-reducing motion and thus reduces eg "torque chatter" when rolling tape.

Claims (40)

Method for reducing vibrations in a rolling plant, characterized in that a control system ( 14 ) based on measuring signals of a vibration measuring system ( 13 ) at least one actuator ( 10 . 11 . 12 ), the - vibration-reducing forces, - vibration-reducing moments and / or - vibration-reducing shifts and / or rotations on - a roller ( 1 ), - a storage ( 3 ), - a powertrain ( 1 . 7 . 8th . 9 ) and / or - can produce another component of the rolling mill. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that that this Control system is designed adaptive. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized that this Vibration measuring system the Immediately detected vibrations to be reduced. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized that this vibration sensing system the vibrations to be reduced on the basis of indirectly with the Oscillation more coherent Measurement results detected. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a positioning system ( 15 ) amplifies the control signals. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that that this Stellsystem the control signals in signals, which in the Aktuatorik can be used transforms. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized that this Operating principle of the actuators hydraulically, pneumatically, electromechanically, is piezoelectric or magnetic. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized that by the actuatorics forces, Moments, displacements and / or twists contrary to the are generated to be reduced vibrations. Method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized that the Reduction of plant-related or process-related vibrations while operation ("online"). Method according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized that one Degradation or thorough extinction plant-related and / or process-related Vibrations of the system or of components is effected. Method according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized that reduces vibrations be by one or more, speed proportional or not speed proportional suggestions can be caused. Method according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized that the Type of vibration-reducing effect of the actuator by - an active one or adaptive increase the damping, - by an active or adaptive eradication and / or - through an active or adaptive Detuning the system is effected. Method according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized that one Setpoint adaptation takes place such that the observance of the original Target sizes improved will, without the quality the vibration reduction significantly deteriorate. Method according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized that by the reduction of vibrations achieved an improvement in product quality becomes. Method according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized that by the reduction of the vibrations an improvement of the plant condition is reached. Method according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized that by the reduction of vibrations an improvement of the process is reached. Method according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized that roll vibrations be reduced. Method according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized that bearing vibrations be reduced. Method according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized that drive vibrations be reduced. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the actuator ( 10 ) by deflection of the roll neck ( 2 ) or by deflection of the storage ( 3 ) of the roll neck ( 2 ) produces a roll bend. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 20, characterized in that one or more of the rolls ( 1 ) are excited from the group of work rolls, intermediate rolls and / or back-up rolls, by generating vibration-reducing roll bends. Method according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized that by the actuator on the roller translational vibrations of the set of rollers and / or bending vibrations of the rollers in their various vibration modes be reduced. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the actuator ( 11 ), arranged on the flat guides ( 4 . 5 ), warehousing ( 3 ) deflects. Method according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that one or more bearings ( 3 ) are excited from the group of bearings of the work rolls, the intermediate rolls and / or the backup rolls, by generating vibration-reducing shifts or forces. Method according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized that by Use of the actuators translatory vibrations of the bearings and / or tilting and / or other vibration modes of storage be reduced. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 25, characterized in that the actuator ( 12 ) Generates rotational movements of the drive or torsion. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 26, characterized that the Vibrations of different drive trains can be reduced. Method according to one of claims 1 to 27, characterized that the Vibrations of different system parts individually or simultaneously reduced become. Method according to one of claims 1 to 28, characterized that this Control system own, for is the reduction of the vibration control system provided or that this Control system part of a complete control of the rolling mill or a regulation of subcomponents of the rolling mill. Method according to one of claims 1 to 29, characterized that vibrations in the Rollers of metals are reduced. Method according to one of claims 1 to 29, characterized that vibrations be reduced in the film or paper production. Method according to one of claims 1 to 29, characterized that vibrations in the Printing be reduced. Device for reducing vibrations in a rolling mill, characterized in that a control system ( 14 ) is provided, which as an actuator at least one actuator ( 10 . 11 . 12 ), the - vibration-reducing forces, - vibration-reducing moments and / or - vibration-reducing shifts and / or rotations of - the roller ( 1 ), - the bearings ( 3 ) and / or a powertrain ( 1 . 7 . 8th . 9 ), wherein a vibration measuring system is provided, whose measuring signals are supplied to the control system. Device according to claim 33, characterized in that that this Operating principle of the actuators hydraulically, pneumatically, electromechanically, is piezoelectric or magnetic. Device according to claim 33 or 34, characterized in that the actuator is mounted on a roll neck ( 2 ) or at the storage ( 3 ) of the roll neck ( 2 ) is arranged. Device according to one of Claims 33 to 35, characterized in that the actuator ( 11 ) on a flat guide ( 4 . 5 ) is arranged. Device according to one of Claims 33 to 36, characterized in that the actuator ( 12 ) Generates rotational movements of the drive or torsion. Device according to one of Claims 33 to 37, characterized in that the actuator ( 12 ) on the drive spindles ( 7 ) or at a different location of the drive train is arranged. Device according to one of Claims 33 to 38, characterized that this Control system own, for is the reduction of the vibration control system provided or that this Control system part of a complete control of the rolling mill or a regulation of subcomponents of the rolling mill. Device according to one of Claims 33 to 39, characterized by a positioning system ( 15 ), which amplifies the control signals.