DE102006047971B4 - Actuator for models or model vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

Actuator for models or model vehicles, comprising a located between rod-shaped piezoelectric elements drive rail, are provided between the drive rail and the piezo elements friction body and the arrangement of piezoelectric elements, drive rail and friction bodies under spring tension and forms a piezoelectric actuator, so that upon electrical excitation of the piezoelectric elements, the drive rail performs a rectilinear motion relative to the fixed piezo elements,
characterized in that
a cuboid or rectangular housing (1) is provided, which accommodates the preassembled piezoactuator, wherein mounting surfaces (4) are provided on the housing (1) in order to fix the drive on or in the respective model or model vehicle,
an output rod (6) guided by recesses (7) of the housing (1) is displaceably arranged in this, wherein an inner end (8) of the output rod (6) is force-transmitting with the drive rail (3) of the piezoelectric actuator in combination,
Furthermore, the output rod (6) on at least two angled side surfaces (9) of the housing (1) penetrates the respective side surface (9) and ...

Description

The The invention relates to an actuator for models or model vehicles, comprising one between rod-shaped Piezo elements located drive rail, wherein between the drive rail and the piezoelectric elements friction body are provided and the arrangement of piezo elements, drive rail and friction bodies is spring-biased and forms a piezoelectric actuator, so that upon electrical excitation of the piezo elements, the drive rail a rectilinear motion relative to the fixed piezo elements executes, according to the generic term of claim 1

From the DE 202 01 703 U1 a model railway vehicle having a pantograph disposed on the roof is previously known, which is coupled via a drive connection with an electric drive element, for the purpose of raising and lowering the pantograph. The local electric drive element is held on the lower housing part and it has the drive connection to a coupling device. The coupling device can be brought into contact with each other by placing the model railway vehicle housing on the lower part so that the model railway vehicle can be mounted more easily. The clutch comprises a rotatably mounted driven pulley which is coupled to a tension member acting on the pantograph. The drive element in the form of an electric motor can rotatably drive an output roller, which is in communication with the tension member engaging the pantograph. The tension member is designed in a variant as a traction cable, in which variant the output roller is a pulley for winding the traction cable. As a drive, a piezoelectric actuator can be used, which sets a corresponding drive roller in motion. Forming a drive that has rollers and a cable is extremely expensive and entails high costs both during manufacture and during installation. In addition, a roller drive is quite prone to failure, especially in model railway vehicles.

The control device for model pantographs after DE 203 11 885 U1 mentions piezo motors as possible drives, it being possible, depending on the application, for the drive to be designed in such a way that the respective axis executes a pressure or tension movement or else also rotates. The drive itself should engage the deflection spring or the deflection springs of the pantograph and this relax or tension with the result of the desired change in position.

The embodiments according to DE 203 11 885 U1 However, they are exhausted in principle suggestions, but without revealing a practicable solution that can be used as a drive for very different models or model vehicles as a quasi-standard assembly.

From the EP 1 267 425 A2 a piezoelectric actuator is previously known, comprising rod-shaped or plate-shaped piezo elements, which cooperate with friction elements and an output rod. The drive formed by the actuator is housed in a rectangular housing. The housing has narrow ends as mounting surfaces, wherein recesses are provided in the housing for the output rod. An inner-side region of the output rod is in operative connection with the piezoelectric actuator and the friction element.

The JP 11-342275 A shows a drive for a model toy based on a piezoelectric actuator. The drive is located in a housing with mounting surfaces. The motion is transmitted by pestle-like feet, which are placed in a vibration pattern and which z. B. against a surface support. The movement of the model then takes place using static friction forces.

Out The above, it is therefore an object of the invention, an advanced Actuator for Specify models or model vehicles by means of piezoelectric actuator, wherein the actuator should consist of only a few components, the total only a small amount of space to include. The actuator should beyond that the possibility offer, forces and thus movements under different vectors, i. H. directions to disposal to make or allow.

The solution The object of the invention is achieved by an actuator for models or model vehicles according to the feature combination according to claim 1, wherein the dependent claims at least expedient embodiments and further developments.

It is therefore assumed by an actuator for models or model vehicles, comprising a located between rod-shaped piezo elements drive rail, are provided between the drive rail and the piezo elements friction body and the arrangement of piezoelectric elements, drive rail and friction bodies is under spring tension and forms a piezoelectric actuator, so that at electrical excitation of the piezoelectric elements in a known manner, the drive rail performs a rectilinear motion relative to the fixed piezoelectric elements. Such a piezoelectric actuator according to the preamble of claim 1, for example, by the company Piezomotor AB, Uppsala, Sweden, under the trade name "Piezo Wave ", and is documented in the company publication" Piezo Wave Information Issue 4. doc ", Jan, 2006, pp. 1-9.

According to the invention for the actuator a cuboid or rectangular, preferably flat housing provided, which receives the pre-assembled piezoelectric actuator. In order to is the actual piezoelectric actuator from manipulation, damage and / or contaminants protected.

At the casing are mounting surfaces provided to the drive on or in the respective model or model vehicle to fix. These mounting surfaces can comprise a flange, be designed as a screw, a Have threaded portion or act as part of a latching connection.

Farther an output rod is guided by recesses of the housing and movable in this move arranged, with an inner end of the output rod force-transmitting is in communication with the drive rail of the piezoelectric actuator.

Farther penetrates the output rod to at least two at an angle standing side surfaces of the housing the respective side surface. At every outside End of the output rod is a coupling device for model drive educated.

It can therefore be on each of the outside End of the output rod tapped a force and to perform a Movement of an appropriate element can be used. It is the maximum number of outside Ends of the output rod and thus the possibility of power transmission by the number of side surfaces of the housing certainly.

Basically exists the possibility, not needed outside Separate ends of the output rod along predetermined breaking points. This can be adapted depending on the application of the universal actuator become. Because the output rod by removing a housing cover or a housing cover plate easily accessible is, this can also be replaced by a modified output rod or exchanged. This also results in another improved functionality and universal usability of the actuator realized according to the invention.

To the aforementioned Purpose of assembly or replacement of the output rod so the housing have a removable cover plate, with output shaft when open or removed cover plate is accessible accordingly.

The mounting surfaces can in one embodiment the invention on the housing bottom be formed and each have a lateral extension with mounting hole exhibit.

The inside end of the output rod is preferably positively connected to the drive rail of the piezoelectric actuator. This connection can z. B. be designed as a dog clutch or detent coupling.

In Advantageous development make the housing recesses in connection with the respective outside End of the output rod is a Verschiebewegbegrenzung. Thus It is not necessary, the actual piezoelectric actuator with stop buffers or to provide stop edges.

in the Range of displacement of the output rod can be motion-damping Elements are arranged, for. B. in the form of damping springs or elastic Damping buffers which is then advantageous if a model for the model corresponding nachfedernde or delayed movement is desired.

About the or the coupling means may comprise means for reshaping the Movement direction or movement type are connected.

These also standardisable additional device for forming the Movement direction can be a coupling rod with a rack section as well as a combing one Gear include, wherein the gear receives a shaft for a pivot drive. The rotary actuator can be executed here as a plate, which with the shaft positive and / or non-positive communicates.

Of the Rack section and the gear with storage can be in one casing are arranged, which adjacent to the piezoelectric actuator housing receiving is.

at Alternatively, the means for reshaping the direction of movement or the movement type comprise at least one articulated rod, which at least one part to be moved is adjusted about an axis of rotation or shifts.

In Another training is the possibility of the articulated rod form as an angling. In this case, the articulated rod two rod sections at an angle. This special Articulated rod can be stored rotatably, being attached to a first link end a connection to the output rod and at the second link end a connection to at least one is made to moving part.

The as held in holes or recesses bolts or pins executed Coupling agents can also include a spring or an elastic band, what then of Advantage is when the drive to operate a model railway pantograph is used, the along with his skid on a catenary along slides.

The Invention will be described below with reference to exemplary embodiments and under With the help of figures closer explained become.

in this connection demonstrate:

1 a representation of the universal actuator in the cuboid housing with recognizable output rod;

2 a representation similar to that after 1 , but with attached cover plate and a displacement position of the output rod at the image-side right end;

3 a representation similar to that after 2 , but with a nearly central displacement position of the output rod;

4 an illustration of the universal actuator with coupled means for movement transformation in plan view;

5 a representation similar to that after 4 but in bottom view;

6 a representation similar to that after 4 but with a circular element mounted on the gear shaft;

7 an illustration of the universal actuator according to the invention, used on the example of a model railway snowplow;

8th a representation similar to that after 7 with extended position of the clearing blades of the model railway snowplow;

9 a representation of the universal actuator for its use for performing an adjustment of a model railway pantograph and

10 a representation similar to that after 9 , but in a position with the pantograph or pantograph extended.

Based on 1 to 3 should first be explained in more detail the structure of the actuator according to the invention.

Inside the cuboid or rectangular housing 1 the actuator is a preassembled piezoelectric actuator 2 ,

The piezoelectric actuator comprises two rod-shaped piezo elements, which in their intermediate space a drive rail 3 take up.

Between the piezo elements and the drive rail, not shown friction body are provided. Also, a spring in the piezoelectric actuator is present, which provides the necessary spring preload of the piezoelectric actuator, so that upon electrical excitation of the piezoelectric elements, the drive rail 3 can perform a rectilinear motion relative to the fixed piezo elements.

At the housing 1 are mounting surfaces 4 molded in the form of lateral feet, with the mounting surfaces 4 drilling 5 may have to the housing 1 and to attach the actuator to a model.

Furthermore, an output rod 6 present, by recesses 7 of the housing 1 guided and arranged in this move movable.

An inside end 8th the output rod 6 is force-transmitting with the drive rail 3 connected to the piezoelectric actuator.

Furthermore penetrates the output rod 6 on at least two angled side surfaces 9 of the housing 1 the respective side surface, wherein at each outside end 10 the output rod 6 coupling agent 11 are designed for model drive.

The housing 1 indicates according to the representations 2 and 3 a removable cover plate 12 on, leaving the output rod 6 with open or removed cover plate 12 easy to use and accessible.

The inside end 8th the output rod 6 can with the drive rail 3 by positive locking, z. B. realized as a dog clutch connected.

The housing recesses 7 form in conjunction with the respective outside end 10 the output rod 6 a Verschiebewegbegrenzung.

in the Range of displacement of the output rod can be motion-damping Elements, e.g. B. in the form of designed as a rubber buffer stops be (not shown in the figure).

About the coupling agent 11 is a Einrich device for forming the direction of movement or the type of movement can be connected, as can be seen from the 4 to 6 becomes clear.

This device for forming the direction of movement or the type of movement can be a coupling rod 13 include, in the example shown perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the coupling rod 13 a rack section 14 is provided.

This rack section 14 combs with a gear 15 , where the gear 15 a wave 16 for a rotary actuator receives.

The rack section 14 and the gear 15 can in a protective housing 17 are arranged, which the piezoelectric actuator receiving housing 1 can be arranged adjacent.

The in the 5 and 6 recognizable disc 18 has a central recess, whose shape corresponds to the free end of the shaft, so that a positive connection between the shaft 16 and the disc 18 can be produced.

The displacement movement of the output rod 6 at the corresponding outside end 10 can be tapped, is from the coupling rod 13 taken up and in a reciprocating pivoting movement using the combination rack section 14 and gear 15 transformed. About the wave 16 this movement is transferred to the disc 18 which, in turn, may be implemented as part of a model.

The device for transforming the direction of movement or the type of movement can also, as in the 7 and 8th shown a tie rod 19 include.

This articulated rod 19 adjusts a part to be moved, in the example shown in each case a Räumschaufel 20 a model snowplow.

Each of the two Räumschaufelhälften is about the axis of rotation 21 pivotable. Then, if the outside end 10 performs a longitudinal displacement (comparison from the figures to 7 and 8th ), which becomes the coupling agent 11 tappable force with the help of the respective joint rod 19 on the respective half of the bucket 20 transferred, whereby by their articulation on the axis of rotation 21 the blade halves then open or close.

To ensure a power transmission, the articulated rod has 19 a peg-like extension which is in the coupling agent 11 , designed as a bore, engages. An adequate positive power transmission is realized on the spacerside side rod end.

In the embodiment of a model pantograph or pantograph after the 9 and 10 The articulated rod has two arms at an angle 22 on. The two on a rotation axis 23 attacking arms 22 are using the rotation axis 23 rotatably mounted.

At the first joint rod end 24 is a connection to the output rod 6 and at the second link end 25 a connection to a pantograph arm 26 produced.

The connection to the pantograph arm 26 is articulated. Between the outside end 10 the output rod 6 and the first link end 24 can be a spring 27 be arranged to stand upright pantograph 26 ( 10 ) To ensure elastic compliance of the same when coming into contact with a catenary.

Of the Universal actuator is of course for further model applications used. So can the functions lifting, lowering, extending and / or shaking one Track construction machine can be realized. It can be lifting, lowering and Pivoting the lift a tower trolley, it can container and side walls of Side loaders and tippers are operated.

As well it is possible, to use the drive for uncoupling vehicles or in a Uncoupling plate or a decoupler track to integrate. Of course you can the drive also for extending and retracting model lifts use find or change the Position of wing signals in the sense of Formvor- and form main signals application.

The possible applications of the actuator also include railway barriers, turntables, traversers, shovels and grippers of cranes and excavators, coalers, water cranes, opening and closing movements of valves, such. As on tank cars, lifting and lowering of loading ramps in car transporters, open stanchions for unloading or loading stanchion cars, raising and lowering of piggyback or Rollbockwagen, carrying out movement operations in container cranes, the extension and retraction and turning of turntables, z , As ladders, the operation of coupling rods to perform a rotational movement or control of the swing in steam cylinders and steam model trains, performing deflections in windshield wipers, the adjustment of mirrors on model rail vehicles, the opening and closing of windows on vehicles and model buildings as well as opening and closing gates and doors, operating turnouts and / or switch lights, lifting and lowering bridge parts, and making turns on vehicles or getting out of the way, such B. in trams or model buses.

1

casing

2

piezo actuator

3

drive rail

4

mounting surface

5

drilling

6

output rod

7

recess

8th

inboard The End

9

side surface

10

exterior side The End

11

coupling agent

12

cover plate

13

coupling rod

14

Rack section

15

gear

16

wave

17

housing

18

disc

19

joint rod

20

dozer blade

21

axis of rotation

22

poor

23

axis of rotation

24

first Joint rod end

25

second Joint rod end

26

pantograph

27

feather

Claims (15)

Actuator for models or model vehicles, comprising a located between rod-shaped piezoelectric elements drive rail, are provided between the drive rail and the piezo elements friction body and the arrangement of piezoelectric elements, drive rail and friction bodies under spring tension and forms a piezoelectric actuator, so that upon electrical excitation of the piezoelectric elements, the drive rail performs a rectilinear movement relative to the fixed piezo elements, characterized in that a cuboid or rectangular housing ( 1 ) is provided, which receives the pre-assembled piezoelectric actuator, wherein the housing ( 1 ) Mounting surfaces ( 4 ) are provided to fix the drive on or in the respective model or model vehicle, an output rod ( 6 ) of recesses ( 7 ) of the housing ( 1 ) guided in this displaceably arranged, wherein an inside end ( 8th ) of the output rod ( 6 ) force-transmitting with the drive rail ( 3 ) of the piezoelectric actuator is connected, furthermore the output rod ( 6 ) on at least two angled side surfaces ( 9 ) of the housing ( 1 ) the respective side surface ( 9 ) and at each outside end ( 10 ) of the output rod ( 6 ) Coupling agent ( 11 ) are designed for model drive. Actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing ( 1 ) a removable cover plate ( 12 ), wherein the output rod ( 6 ) with the cover plate open or removed ( 12 ) is usable and accessible. Actuator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mounting surfaces ( 4 ) are formed on the housing bottom and each having a lateral extension with bore. Actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inside end ( 8th ) of the output rod ( 6 ) positively with the drive rail ( 3 ) connected is. Actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing recesses ( 7 ) in conjunction with the respective outside end ( 10 ) of the output rod ( 6 ) form a Verschiebewegbegrenzung. Actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the region of the displacement path of the output rod ( 6 ) are arranged motion-damping elements. Actuator according to claim 6, characterized that the damping elements are formed as elastic buffers or springs. Actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that via the coupling agent ( 11 ) a device for forming the direction of movement or the movement is connected. Actuator according to claim 8, characterized in that the means for forming the direction of movement of a coupling rod ( 13 ) with a rack section ( 14 ) and a gear meshing therewith ( 15 ), wherein the gear ( 15 ) a wave ( 16 ) receives for a rotary actuator. Actuator according to claim 9, characterized in that the rack section ( 14 ) and the gear ( 15 ) in a housing ( 17 ) are arranged, which the housing of the piezoelectric actuator ( 1 ) is adjacent. Actuator according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the means for reshaping the direction of movement or the type of movement at least one articulated rod ( 19 ), which adjusts or pivots at least one part to be moved about an axis of rotation. Actuator according to claim 11, characterized in that the articulated rod ( 19 ) an angling with two arms ( 22 ) and is mounted rotatably, wherein at a first link rod end ( 24 ) a connection to the output rod ( 6 ) and at a second link end ( 25 ) is made a connection to at least one part to be moved. Actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling means ( 11 ) are designed as held in holes or recesses bolts or pins. Actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling means a spring ( 27 ) or an elastic band. Actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by using it in a model snow plow, in a model snow plow, in a model track-laying machine, in a model pantograph, in a model tower railcar, a side loader or at tippers, at vehicle couplings, in a decoupling track, for lifting platforms, to the position change of wings of wing signals as Formvor- and Main signals, for lifting and panning of model railway barriers, to run the movement of a model turntable, for carrying out the movement of a model sliding table, for To run movements of shovels and grabs on cranes and excavators, for coking plants, for water cranes, for valves, for lifting and lowering the loading ramps of car transporters, for opening the Stanchions for the purpose of unloading or loading stakes wagons, for Lifting and lowering of piggyback or trolley cars, to run the motion functions in container cranes, to execute the Movement functions of an aerial ladder, to perform the motion functions in model steam cylinders including movement of the coupling rods to Generation of a rotary motion or the control of the rockers, to To run of deflecting movements in model windshield wipers, for performing the Adjustment movement for model exterior mirrors, to run the opening and closing movement at windows, doors or gates in and for Model railway layouts, to run the movement for adjusting switches and / or for driving Switch lanterns and for lifting and lowering of model bridge parts and for execution of curve slopes in model vehicles and exit slopes at model trams or model buses.