DE102006041775A1 - heater - Google Patents

Abstract

In order to provide a heating device (1, 1 ') which can be inserted into a hardenable material bed (300) such as tile adhesive, mortar, screed and the like and is inexpensive to produce, an electrical heating device comprising a heating foil with a heating current-carrying layer (40 , 41) of a resistance material, wherein the heating foil has a plurality of perforations (60).
The invention further relates to a method for producing the heating device according to the invention, to a method for laying such heating devices and to a rail (200) which is laid together with such heating devices.

Description

The The invention relates to a heating device, which in a curable Material bed as from a tile adhesive, mortar, screed and the like inserted is.

A such device is in particular under a variety of floor coverings, for example Stoneware, plastic, carpet, laminate, wood or cork can be used. Depending on the material used is such a heater used as direct, as partial storage or as storage heater. such Heating devices are suitable for example for tempering and Heating of dry and wet rooms. The insert is not limited to the floor, but are also in the ceiling and wall area used.

When Heating media are filled with hot water pipes or alternatively used electrical heating mats, these heating mats in the Usually has a fixed on a flexible fabric heating cable. such Heating mats have a web structure with the hot water pipe or the heating cable runs back and forth across the web to an effective in the area To form heating element. Also exist with the electrical equipment gaps between the individual heating cable sections or the fixing material, so that the heating mat in the material bed, as example inserted into a flexible mortar is without which there is a risk that the heating mat as a release layer between the underlying and the overlying bedding acts.

By the use of a heating cable, which is "woven" to sheet-like mats, results the disadvantage of a very complex production, with the result that such heating mats are relatively expensive. Further point these conventional ones Heating mats a considerable Weight, which makes laying difficult.

insofar The invention is based on the object, conventional heating devices, which in a curable Material bed as from tile adhesive, mortar, screed and the like can be inserted, so educate that their disadvantages described at least partially resolved.

On surprising easy way solves the invention has this object with a heater with the features of claim 1. In this case, the heating device according to the invention comprises a heating foil having a heating current-carrying layer of a resistance material, wherein the heating foil has a plurality of perforations. Such Heating foil usually has a sheet-like, possibly multilayer, sheet-like structure on, the comparatively simple and therefore inexpensive in the production is. The variety of perforations in the heating foil make sure that the heating device according to the invention can be inserted into the material bed is without a separating layer formed in the material bed, since the Bed material can flow through the perforations during installation and thus a high strength of the material bed over the entire Extension is ensured.

The heating device according to the invention is suitable for both the ground, as well as for the wall and ceiling area. It is with all conventional floor coverings such as tiles, carpet, laminate, PVC and wood can be used. Since the heating current is not in cable-shaped Ladders but is guided in a layer of resistance material, is compared to conventional Heaters a large surface for transmission the heat provided on the flooring. This results comparatively small time constants for the desired temperature changes as well as a comfortable radiation behavior.

advantageous embodiments are in the subclaims specified.

It may be appropriate if the heating foil for easy laying a rectangular Form having two spaced apart and in particular parallel conductor strips such as two metal conductor strips are provided, which in each case adjacent to a Heizfolienkante substantially their entire edge length extend and wherein the conductor strips with the resistance layer to be in electrical contact. By this constructive measure is ensured that over the expansion of the heating foil in the predetermined by the conductor strip Direction essentially the same electrical potential can be provided can, so the heat production uniform he follows.

to Providing a particularly good electrical contact of the Conductor strip with the resistance layer can be provided that the conductor strip is embedded in the resistance layer, i.e. the conductor strip protrudes into the resistance layer. The Attachment of the conductor strip to the resistance layer can occur diverse Way done, for example by means of a conductive adhesive.

It is particularly expedient if in each case only one of the two ends of a conductor strip connection means for electrically connecting the conductor strip is provided with an electrical power supply. For example, such a heating device according to the invention comprises a web-shaped heating foil over the longitudinal extent of the two indicated parallel Conductive strips, it is sufficient if the entire web, ie both conductor strips of the web is contacted only at one end. Such webs can then advantageously be matched to the respective length of the room to be provided with a heater, so that it is not necessary to arrange a plurality of such heating foils in series, which would otherwise result in the necessity of contacting adjacent heating foils.

The Heating foil of the heating device according to the invention can be produced in different ways. For example, can a carrier foil, in particular a carrier film made of a plastic material with an electrical resistance material be coated, due to the material composition as well the predetermined thickness a certain electrical surface resistance having. Such a resistance layer can, for example, by means of a thick film technology, in particular with a screen printing process on the carrier film be applied. As a resistance material, a composite material, which, for example, comprises carbon. Advantageous is also a conductive one Polymer material used. Such a designed heating foil or heating device according to the invention can extremely thin be kept, for example, with a thickness between 0.1 and 0.4 mm.

In a further expedient embodiment, which the production of very thin heating foils or heaters allows the resistance layer may be self-supporting, so that the need to use a carrier film is eliminated. For example For example, the resistive layer may be provided by a thermosetting composite material be a carbon nonwoven covers. By choosing the composite materials or their relationship the mechanical and electrical properties of the resistive layer are within one huge Range freely selectable. Such a heating foil, for example, flexible (elastic) or also be rigid.

Around a homogeneous heat generation over the can provide entire heater or heating foil can be provided be that the heating foil over essentially their entire area extension except the holes having said resistance layer, wherein the layer thickness is approximately constant. It may also be useful if the coating is formed homogeneously. On the other hand, to produce anisotropic electrical and / or mechanical properties of an inhomogeneous coating provided.

To the Protection of the resistance layer, it may be provided that the Heating film, a cover sheet, in particular a plastic cover sheet comprising which the resistance layer and / or the conductor strips covers. Depending on whether the resistance layer is self-supporting or on a carrier foil is formed, it can also be provided that the heating foil on both sides a cover sheet, in particular a cover sheet of a non-conductive Plastic, so that the resistive layer electrically and / or mechanically isolated and protected against the environment. In this sense can it also be appropriate if the edge of the holes is sealed, so even in the area the perforations a mechanical and / or electrical insulation against the Environment is provided.

Around to mechanically stabilize the heating foil and / or the embedding in the material bed to improve, can be provided that the heating foil at least on one side a reinforcing fabric, in particular is laminated. Such a reinforcing fabric can, for example a glass fiber material or a plastic material. Such a reinforcing fabric provides additional surface for embedding the heating device according to the invention ready in the material bed, so a particularly good adhesion effect ensured between the material bed and the heater is.

To the electrically connecting the heating device according to the invention with a Power supply can be provided an electrical connection device be with a mounting portion for attachment to a conductor strip and a coupling portion for electrically coupling the terminal device with a connecting element, wherein the electrical connection device in the region of its attachment portion by means of a crimped connection is mechanically and electrically fixed to the conductor strip. Especially is appropriate the connection device consists of an electrical conductor such as a Metal can be produced, which also provides the necessary stability for the crimp connection provides. For electrically coupling the connection device with the connecting element, it may be useful if the electrical Connection device in the coupling section at least one contact socket for receiving a contact pin of the connecting element.

A mechanically particularly stable electrical connection device has two spaced contact sockets in the coupling section, wherein a front plate connected to these is arranged in front of the contact sockets and the front plate has two functionally identical openings which are aligned with insertion openings of the contact sockets. Conveniently, the front panel comprises a third opening, the inner edge of which cooperates with a connecting element acting latching stop to provide a strain relief, so that a particularly secure coupling of the connection device to the Verbindungsele is ensured.

The The invention also relates to such a connecting element, which is intended for Coupling the heating device according to the invention interacts with a power supply. This connecting element serves for electrically connecting a connectable to the power supply electrical PTC thermistor with connection device of a heating device according to the invention. Conveniently, is the connecting element complementary to the associated electrical Connection device formed to the desired electrical and mechanical Connection between connection device and connecting element to realize.

For this For example, the connecting element can have two conductively connected coupling sections have, the first coupling portion with a connection device connectable to the heater according to the invention is and the second coupling portion electrically to the PTC thermistor is connected, wherein the first coupling portion spaced two and parallel extending pins for insertion into comprises two spaced contact sockets on a connection device and the contact pins from a transverse web in the longitudinal direction extend.

Around the introduction to facilitate the contact pins in the contact sockets and beyond a Strain relief for the connection between the connection device and connecting element can be provided that on the connecting element one between the pins and arranged with these extending centering lance is included, wherein the centering lance is provided with a spring-mounted locking lug, which with a complementary trained latching means cooperates on a connection device.

By the use of several side by side and parallel to each other aligned, web-shaped and heating means constructed as described according to the invention, which can be placed in a common material bed, any area be provided with a heating function. As already explained, can the heating device according to the invention a Heizfolienbahn comprise, at one end of each head connection means for electrically contacting the conductors are arranged. In order to avoid that when inserting the heating device according to the invention in the material bed, for example a mortar bed, the connection devices in contact with the mortar bed come and about it In addition, after the installation of an accessibility to the respective To enable connection device can a rail for receiving in each case an end-side end portion a plurality of juxtaposed and parallel to each other and in a material bed inserted, as described trained Heating devices may be provided. By using such Rail can also be avoided that the electrical contacts at the heating device according to the invention contaminated by the material of the material bed during installation become. The rail may suitably thereby formed as part of the floor covering and to this in the Height adjusted be.

It may be appropriate if this rail comprises an elongated bottom section, on which the frontal sections of the heaters support, being from a longitudinal edge the bottom portion approximately perpendicular to this a longitudinal side portion extends. It is provided that the bottom portion outside on the Material bed rests, so that on the inside of the bottom section resting front end portions of the heaters against the material bed is delimited and protected. Which is from the bottom section extending longitudinal side section can advantageously for the lateral coverage of the frontal End sections of the heaters serve. Conveniently, the rail has a cross-sectionally L-shaped main body, wherein at the two end-side ends approximately perpendicular to the bottom portion in each case a front side wall portion is arranged, which at the Front of the rail the heaters against the environment covers. To cover the front end portions of the heaters from the top is expediently a rail cover provided with the described rail main body for Formation of a cavity detachable, especially about a clamp connection is connectable. This cavity serves to accommodate and protection of the front end portions of the heaters. Furthermore allows he a later Access to the connection contacts, especially for maintenance purposes.

It may be expedient if the rail cover is constructed substantially in longitudinal section L-shaped, with a parallel to the bottom portion of the rail extending horizontal portion and a horizontal portion perpendicular longitudinal side wall portion. In this way, the rail cover forms together with the rail base body a cuboid cavity for receiving the front end faces of a plurality of juxtaposed heaters. In order to seal off the portions of the heaters received by the rail against the ingress of foreign substances, in particular material of the material bed into the cavity of the rail, it may be provided that the longitudinal side wall portion of the rail cover vertically downwards in the direction of the Schie ne received heaters extends, wherein a sealing device is provided on the bottom edge of the longitudinal side wall portion which abuts the end-side end portions of the plurality of juxtaposed and parallel to each other and inserted in a material bed heater.

Conveniently, the rail may further be formed as a cable channel for guiding PTC cables, which to respective connection devices of the heaters are connected and connect them to the power supply. On This way, a specially designed bottom bar for guiding the Cables omitted because they are guided in the described rail.

Conveniently, For example, the bottom portion of the rail may transversely over the Rail cover extends beyond to under reach the heaters be. In this respect, the bottom portion of the rail protrudes into the material bed which improves the fixation of the rail to the ground.

the method, solve the Invention the task of the invention with a method for producing a heating device, which in a hardenable Material bed, in particular of tile adhesive, mortar, screed and the like can be inserted through the steps: providing a heating foil, which a layer of a resistance material and punching a variety of holes in the heating foil. The conductor strips could be before or after Punching the holes applied and contacted with the resistive layer. So far a cover sheet on the resistive layer and / or the conductor strips is applied, this is conveniently done before punching the holes, so in addition to the resistance layer and any existing support film also the cover can be punched simultaneously. As far as that or the possibly attached to the heating foil reinforcement fabric sufficient free space has expediently takes place the attachment of the reinforcement fabric after punching the perforations, so as not to weaken the strength of the fabric.

The Invention relates to this In addition, a method for laying a heating system, comprising a Plurality of trained as described heaters as well at least one trained as described rail on a substrate. In this case, the method according to the invention comprises the steps of applying a curable material bed on the underground, placing a heating device on the material bed, Applying a normal force on the main surface of the heater, in such a way that material of the material bed penetrates through the holes in the heating foil and the heater sinks into the material as well as smoothing the through the holes the heating foil flowed through material of the material bed.

Advantageous The material bed is applied with a toothed spatula to the substrate applied to the sinking of Heizeinrich device in the material bed facilitate. Below, the specified normal force, for example by means of a trowel or a smoothing bow be applied, with which the heater in the material bed pressed becomes. After smoothing the material bed is an ideal surface for the subsequently applied Coating, such as Tiles in front.

Conveniently, is before the application of the material bed a rail on the Background e.g. by dowels or gluing, wherein a plurality of heaters aligned parallel to one another in the material bed and the front end portions of the heaters to which the heater by means of a cable to a power supply connected to the bottom of the rail.

The The invention will be described below by describing some embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein

1a A first embodiment of a heating device according to the invention in an end view,

1b in the 1a illustrated first embodiment in a plan view,

2a A second embodiment of a heating device according to the invention in an end view,

2 B in the 2a shown embodiment in a plan view,

3 a detail in the front area of a heating device according to the invention,

4 a side view of a connection element,

5 a connection element for coupling a connection element, as shown in FIG 3 is shown to a power supply,

6 another connection element for attachment to a conductor strip,

7a a rail in an end view for receiving end portions of juxtaposed heaters,

7b in the 7a shown rail with the in-rail extending in the heaters in a plan view and

8th an exemplary heating system comprising a plurality of inventively designed heaters shows.

In 1a , b shows a first embodiment of a heating device according to the invention in an end view. The heater consists essentially of a Heizverbundfolie 1 , which is rectangular and web-shaped. In the described embodiment, the heating composite film comprises a carrier film 30 on which, for example by means of a screen printing method or a casting method, a curable resistive layer 40 is applied. The resistance layer 40 comprises a carbon compound, wherein the sheet resistance of the layer through the material composition and the thickness of the layer on the carrier film 30 is adjustable so that it can be adapted to the heating voltage used. In the described embodiment, the resistance material is homogeneous and uniform on the carrier foil 30 applied. In order to provide a predetermined electrical potential difference over the entire length of the heating composite film web, are parallel to the longitudinal extent of the Heizverbundfolie 1 each adjacent to the longitudinal edge of two conductor strips in the form of a copper foil 50 provided, see 1b , To protect the resistance layer 40 or the conductor strip 50 is a cover sheet 70 laminated from a plastic material. It should be noted that the 1a . 1b Schematic representations with different scales are.

ever according to embodiment can the Heizverbundfolie invention also over the entire area be provided with a reinforcing fabric, the one-sided or two-sided applied to the Heizverbundfolie, in particular laminated becomes.

In order to ensure in particular a permanent structural-physical connection of the heating composite film according to the invention with the material bed, for example a mortar bed, the film has perforations 60 through which embedding material can flow during the introduction of the film into the bed. This prevents layer formation in the material bed. At the same time, for example, the drying behavior of the mortar bed also improves after the introduction, since the moisture below the film can escape through the holes. Furthermore, it is avoided by the provision of holes in the composite film that form inhomogeneities in the material bed, which can for example lead to inhomogeneities in the heat distribution and thus ultimately to cracks in the material bed.

In the described embodiment, the perforations of the heating foil are designed so that the two conductor strips 50 remain unperforated to maintain high mechanical and electrical stability of the strips.

The 2a , B show a second embodiment of a heating device according to the invention, which is in a curable material bed such as a tile adhesive, Mör tel, screed, etc. inserted. In contrast to the first embodiment, no carrier film is needed. Instead, the resistance layer is replaced by a hot-pressed carbon nonwoven composite layer 41 provided. Such a situation can be produced for example by the compression of a carbon nonwoven fabric with polyethylene (PE) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Such a situation can be generated very thin and mechanically highly stable depending on the manufacturing process or composite materials used. Even a layer in paper thickness can have sufficient tear resistance. Also in the second embodiment again two spaced conductors are applied in the form of metal foils on the resistance layer, for example by means of a conductive adhesive. After laminating the cover sheet 70 turn the holes 60 introduced into the Heizverbundfolie, wherein the conductors 50 stay undisturbed.

In the 1b . 2 B the connection elements are indicated on one end only sketchy. These are made of metal and in the first embodiment extend with a fastening section through the carrier foil, the resistance layer except for the copper foil. In the second embodiment, see 2 B The attachment portion extends through the copper foil and the carbon nonwoven composite layer. Since the layer has a very high tensile strength, no further reinforcing element in the attachment portion of the connecting element 80 needed. In any case, by fixing the connection elements at the ends of the copper foil to one of the two end faces of the heating composite foil web, an electrical contact section is defined, to which the said connection elements are connected both electrically and mechanically to the heating composite foil.

The following is with reference to the 3 and 4 an exemplary structure of a connection element described, wherein 3 the detail A in 1b in a larger detail view shows and 4 for better illustration a single arm of the 3 represents shown connection element. The connection element 80 essentially consists of a crossbar 81 and two contact arms extending longitudinally of the conductor strip 82a , b together. Each of these arms 82a , b points in the front Area a coupling section 84a , b and in the rear of a mounting portion 83a , b on. The coupling portion is formed in the described embodiment as a contact socket which receives a contact pin of a still to be described below connecting element. While the coupling section rests freely on the heating composite film, the fastening section extending from the coupling section is mechanically and electrically connected to the heating composite film. This in 3 connecting element shown is formed as a punching element and has a height of less than 1 mm. The use of two parallel contact arms, which are interconnected via a transverse web, increases the mechanical and the electrical contact with the relevant conductor strip on the one hand, improves or simplifies the manual joining of the connection device and the connecting element and, moreover, increases the heat dissipation at the contact point.

4 shows the structure of a contact arm 82a in a side view. At the attachment section 83 are crimping phrases or - arms 85 arranged, which for the described crimp fastening of the connection element 80 serve to the Heizverbundfolie. As already stated above, the crimp extensions extend through the carrier foil and the copper foil 50 through and are on the back of the copper foil to provide a good electrical contact between the connection element and copper foil.

A connecting element for electrically coupling a connectable to a power supply electrical PTC thermistor with a connection device is in 5 shown in a perspektivi rule view. The connecting element 100 points from a central pier 105 parallel and spaced extending pins 103 . 104 on. The distance between the perpendicular to the longitudinal spaced contact pins 103 . 104 corresponds to the distance between the two contact arms 82a , b of the connection device 80 , please refer 3 , The tongue extending between the pins and parallel to them 107 serves here for holding the connecting element 100 during the manual insertion of the two pins in the contact sockets of the connection element 80 , In the in 5 illustrated embodiment, the connecting element has a extending in the direction of the central web spring bar 109 on, on which a latch 111 is appropriate. These features will be described below with reference to 6 received. In addition to the first coupling section, which the two pins 103 . 104 has, has the connecting element 100 a second coupling portion in which the element to a PTC thermistor 250 is mechanically and electrically connected, via which an electrical connection of a power supply can be made to provide the heating current.

The Use of the PTC thermistor to the connecting element can, for example by soldering or Crimping done.

6 shows a second embodiment of a connection element, which in turn is designed for making a contact with a conductor strip and for coupling with a connecting element. This in 6 illustrated connection element 90 works with the in 5 illustrated connecting element 100 to provide an additional strain relief together. For clarity of illustration, the connecting element 90 not shown connected to the Heizverbundfolie, but it has not shown Crimpfortsätze, which, as with reference to the in 3 illustrated connecting element, ensure the electrical and mechanical contact with the Heizverbundfolie. The connection element has two spaced contact sockets 91 . 92 on that for receiving two pins 103 . 104 serve, see 5 , The connection element 90 has an L-shaped sheet metal part on which the contact sockets 91 . 92 are attached. The base of the L-profile is as front panel 96 arranged in front of the contact sockets, with holes 97 . 98 in the front panel 96 with the openings of the contact sockets 91 . 92 aligned. Between these openings 97 . 98 for the contact pins is another openings 99 provided, in which the centering lance 106 when assembling the connecting element 100 with the connection device 90 extends. As a result, a centering aid is provided, so that despite small contact pins, which may have an edge length of less than 1 mm, these safely into the associated contact sockets 91 . 92 are insertable. The front panel can also significantly improve the heat dissipation at the contact point due to the relatively large accumulation of material.

As in 5 indicated, the centering lance 107 a spring bar 109 on, on which a catch 111 attached, which when joined to the outer edge 99a the opening 99 and when separating with the inner edge 99b the opening 99 interacts. When merging the connector 100 with the connection device 90 beats the catch 111 against the outer edge 99a so that the connecting element 100 via an increased use of force further into the connection element 90 is introduced, with the spring bar 109 in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the connecting element 100 emotional. As soon as the nose 111 behind the front panel 96 is located, the spring bar springs back so that the connecting element audibly engages. Connected with the latching is a locking situation in which the nose 111 of the connecting element 100 at the inner edge 99b of the opening 99 rests, so that the connecting element only with an increased force again from the connection element 90 can be pulled out. Also in 6 connecting element shown can be produced as a stamped part with subsequent forming of a metal. The connecting element 100 is produced by a single punching process from a metal sheet.

In one embodiment, not shown, the locking means on the spring pin 109 as a latching ramp, that is square executed so that the locking connection between the connection element connection device can not be solved without tools, which increased security requirements can be met.

7a , b show a rail as part of a laying system for the inventively designed heaters. 7a shows the rail 200 in a sectional view, wherein 7b a plan view with two adjacent and parallel aligned and inserted into a material bed Heizverbundfolie 1 . 1' , The rail 200 comprises a main body, which consists of an elongated bottom section 210 and from a longitudinal side portion extending from this approximately vertically upwards 215 consists. The basic body is by means of a dowel 216 firmly connected to the ground. The portion A of the bottom portion is in the described embodiment in the bed of the mortar 300 and is punched so that the rail will not float. On the rail base is in the depictions 7a , b a rail cover 220 detachably mounted, whereby a cavity for receiving an end-side end portion of the Heizverbundfolien 1 . 1' is formed, to which these connection means as described above 80 exhibit. The lid 220 has in addition to a horizontal portion, which is substantially parallel to the bottom portion 210 of the rail main body extends, a perpendicular to this longitudinal side portion 230 extending from the horizontal cover portion vertically downwards toward the Heizverbundfolien 1 . 1' extends.

The cavity formed by the rail takes in addition to the specified end portions of the Heizverbundfolien also the cables, which serve to connect the respective film webs to the power supply. A related PTC cable, which as described above to the connection device 80 is coupled in is 7a with the reference number 250 Mistake.

At the front, the rail is in each case by an end wall 237 . 239 completed. Around the cavity also towards the Heizverbundfolienbahnen 1 . 1' seal is in the described embodiment, a seal 240 provided at the edge of the longitudinal side section 230 of the rail cover 220 runs and in the assembled state on the Heizverbundfolienbahnen 1 . 1' is applied so that the cavity of the rail is completely sealed.

When laying the heating system according to the invention, the rail first 220 attached with the rail base body to the substrate and subsequently the material bed 300 applied to the substrate. Thereafter, the Heizverbundfolienbahnen are aligned, the webs first with their end faces, to which the connection means 80 are attached to the bottom section 210 the rail 200 fixed, for example glued. Then the foil webs are pressed into the mortar bed with a smoothing trowel. By pressing with the trowel, the mortar mass is through the holes 60 brought to the surface and simultaneously leveled by sliding movement to a fattened surface. After drying, the surface can be walked on without damaging the foils or copper tapes. The substrate is then prepared for all kinds of floor coverings. For example, tiles can be applied in the usual way to the prepared as described substrate. It can be provided that the overall height of the rail 200 just corresponds to the height of the tiles, so that the rail cover and the tiles form a continuous plane. The inventive design of the heater has the consequence that a few millimeters additional height sufficient to integrate such a heating system.

The complete contacting and testing of the heating system takes place after the drying of the first application layer and before laying the floor. In this case, cables are attached to the two connection devices of each Heizverbundfolienbahn and connected to a power supply. As described the contacts only in the rail 200 lie, the function of the heating system is always ensured.

8th shows an exemplary arrangement of the laying and electrical coupling of inventively designed Heizverbundfolienbahnen 2 - 7 , Which are arranged for heating a given space surface and to a power supply 120 are connected. The film webs 2 - 7 are aligned parallel to one another as described above and protrude into the rail with their respective end sections, on which the respective two connection devices for the electrical connection of the heating foils are located 200 into it. How out 8th can be seen, the two film webs 6 . 7 electrically connected in parallel. The power supply 120 is designed as a transformer, which On the input side of 230 volts AC voltage is applied and has five controllable DC voltage outputs whose output voltages from a control device 130 are regulated. This control device measures via a temperature transmitter 140 , the temperature at the top of the material bed, ie in the area of the contact surface to the actual floor covering. In addition, the control device 130 to a room thermostat 150 connected, at which the room temperature is measured and the user can specify a set temperature.

The control device 130 controls the outputs of the transformer 120 in response to an actual setpoint temperature comparison. The actual temperature is a room temperature and the setpoint temperature is the desired room temperature set on the room thermostat. In order to avoid a heat accumulation, the temperature in the area of the floor covering with the temperature sensor is at the same time 140 monitored and switched off when exceeding a predetermined limit, the power supply.

1, 1'

2-7

Heizverbundfolienbahn

30

support film

40

resistance layer

41

Carbon nonwoven composite ply

50

Conductor strips copper foil

51

Contact section

70

cover sheet

80

connecting device

81

crosspiece

82a, b

contact

83a, b

attachment section

84a, b

coupling section

85

Crimpfortsatz, Crimparm

90

connecting element

91 92

Contact socket

95

L-profile

96

front panel

97 98

opening

99

opening

99a

Outer edge of the opening 99

99b

Inner edge of the opening 99

100

connecting element

103 104

pin

105

center web

107

Zentrierlanze

109

feather pen

111

locking lug

120

power supply

130

control device

140

temperature sensor

150

room thermostat

200

rail

210

bottom section

215

Longitudinal side portion

220

rail covers

230

Longitudinal side portion

237

End wall

239

End wall

240

poetry

250

PTC cable

256

Longitudinal side portion

300

mortar bed

A, B

rail section

Claims (34)

Heating device ( 1 . 1'' . 2 - 7 ), which in a hardenable material bed ( 300 ) of tile adhesive, mortar, screed and the like. Can be inserted, characterized by a heating foil with a Heizstrom leading layer ( 40 . 41 ) of a resistance material, wherein the heating foil a plurality of perforations ( 60 ) having. Heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating foil has a rectangular shape, wherein two mutually spaced conductor strips, in particular two metal conductor strips ( 50 ) are provided which each extend adjacent to a Heizfolienkante over substantially the entire edge length and wherein the conductor strips are in electrical contact with the resistive layer. Heating device according to claim 2, characterized in that a conductor strip in the resistance layer ( 40 ) is embedded. Heating device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that in each case only at one of the two ends of a conductor strip, a connection device ( 80 ) for electrically connecting the conductor strip to an electrical power supply ( 120 ) is provided. Heating device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by a carrier foil ( 30 ), which with the resistance material ( 40 ) is coated. Heating device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the resistance layer ( 41 ) is provided by a composite material comprising a carbon nonwoven fabric. Heating device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the heating foil over substantially its entire surface extension said resistance layer ( 40 . 41 ), wherein the layer thickness is approximately constant. Heating device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the heating foil a cover sheet ( 70 ), in particular a cover sheet made of plastic, which the resistance layer ( 40 . 41 ) and / or the conductor strips ( 50 ) covers. Heating device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the heating foil on both sides of a cover sheet, in particular has a plastic cover sheet. Heating device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the edge of the perforations ( 60 ) is sealed. Heating device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that on the heating foil at least one side a reinforcing fabric is applied, in particular laminated on. Heating device according to one of claims 4 to 11, characterized in that the electrical connection device ( 80 . 90 ) an attachment portion ( 83a . 83b ) for attachment to the conductor strip ( 50 ) and a coupling section ( 84a . 84b ) for electrically coupling the connection device with a connecting element ( 100 ), wherein the electrical connection device ( 80 . 90 ) is mechanically and electrically secured in the region of its attachment portion by means of a crimp on the conductor strip. Heating device according to one of claims 4 to 11, characterized in that the electrical connection device ( 80 . 90 ) in the coupling section ( 84a . 84b ) at least one contact socket ( 91 . 92 ) provides for receiving a contact pin. Heating device according to one of claims 4 to 13, characterized in that the electrical connection device ( 90 ) in the coupling section two spaced contact sockets ( 91 . 92 ), and in front of the contact sockets a front panel connected to the contact sockets ( 96 ), wherein the front panel has two functionally identical openings ( 97 . 98 ), which are aligned with insertion openings of the contact bushes and a third opening, the inner edge ( 99b ) one with a connecting element ( 100 ) cooperating detent stop ( 111 ) cooperates to provide a strain relief. Connecting element ( 100 ) for electrically connecting a, to a power supply ( 120 ) connectable electrical PTC thermistor ( 250 ) with a connection device of a heating device according to one of claims 1 to 14. Connecting element ( 100 ) according to claim 15, characterized in that the electrical connection element ( 100 ) has two conductively connected coupling sections, whose first coupling section is connectable to a connection device of a heating device and whose second coupling section is electrically connected to the PTC thermistor, wherein the first coupling section has two spaced and parallel extending contact pins ( 103 . 104 ) for insertion into two spaced contact sockets on a connection device ( 80 ), wherein the contact pins of a crosspiece ( 105 ). Connecting element ( 100 ) according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that arranged between the contact pins and extending with these centering lance ( 107 ) is provided, wherein the centering lance ( 107 ) with a spring-mounted locking lug ( 111 ), which with a complementarily formed locking means on a connection device ( 90 ) cooperates to provide a strain relief. Rail ( 200 ) for receiving in each case an end-side end section of a plurality of juxtaposed and parallel aligned and inserted into a material bed heating devices ( 1 . 1'; 2 - 7 ) according to one of claims 1 to 14. Rail according to claim 18, characterized by an elongated bottom section ( 210 ), on which the front end portions of the heaters are supported, wherein from a longitudinal edge of the Bo denabschnitts approximately perpendicular to this a longitudinal side portion ( 215 ). Rail according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the rail ( 200 ) has a longitudinal section L-shaped base body. Rail according to claim 18, 19 or 20, characterized in that from an end face of the elongated bottom portion approximately perpendicular to this an end face portion ( 237 . 239 ). Rail according to one of claims 18 to 21, characterized by a rail cover ( 220 ) which is releasably connectable to a rail body to form a cavity. Rail according to claim 22, characterized in that the rail cover ( 220 ) is constructed in longitudinal section substantially L-shaped, with. one parallel to the bottom section ( 210 ) of the rail extending horizontal portion and a horizontal portion perpendicular to the longitudinal side portion ( 256 ). Rail according to claim 23, characterized in that the longitudinal side section ( 256 ) of the rail cover ( 220 ) vertically downwards towards those picked up by the rail Heater extends, wherein a sealing device ( 240 ) at the bottom edge of the longitudinal side section ( 256 ) is provided, with which the rail ( 200 ) against the front end portion of the plurality of juxtaposed and parallel aligned and in a material bed inlaid heaters ( 1 . 1' . 2 - 7 ) is sealed. Rail according to one of claims 18 to 24, characterized in that the rail ( 200 ) is further designed as a cable channel for guiding PTC thermistors which are connected to respective connection devices ( 80 ) of the heaters are connected and connect them to a power supply. Rail according to one of claims 22 to 25, characterized in that the floor section ( 210 ) in the transverse direction over the rail cover ( 220 ) extends to engage under the heaters. Method for producing a heating device which is embedded in a hardenable material bed ( 300 ) such as tile adhesive, mortar, screed and the like can be inserted, with the steps: - Providing a heating foil, which is a layer of a resistance material ( 40 . 41 ), - punching a plurality of holes ( 60 ) in the heating foil. A method according to claim 27, characterized in that two, each along a longitudinal edge of the heating foil and spaced apart extending conductor strip ( 50 ), in particular two metal foil strips, applied and electrically connected to the resistance layer ( 40 . 41 ) are contacted. A method according to claim 27 or 28, characterized in that before punching the holes ( 60 ) a plastic cover sheet ( 70 ) is applied to the resistance layer and / or the conductor strips, in particular laminated. A method according to claim 27, 28 or 29, characterized through the step: - Attach a reinforcing fabric to the heating foil. Method according to one of claims 27 to 30, characterized through the step: - Attach a connection device only at one of the two ends of each Conductor strip. Method for laying a heating system comprising a plurality of heating devices according to one of claims 1 to 14 and at least one rail according to one of claims 18 to 26 on a surface, marked by the steps: - Apply a curable Material bed on the ground; - placing a heater on the material bed; - Apply a normal force on the main surface of the heater, in such a way that material of the material bed penetrates through the holes in the heating foil and the heater sinks into the bed of material; - Smoothing the through the holes the heating foil flowed through material of the material bed. Method according to claim 32, characterized in that that before applying the material bed, a rail on the Subsurface is attached. A method according to claim 32 or 33, characterized a plurality of heaters are aligned parallel to one another be inserted into the material bed, wherein the end-side end portions the heating devices to which the heating means by means a cable are connected to a power supply on the Bottom of the rail to be laid.