DE102006011533A1 - Three-phase alternating current liquid starter for e.g. pump, has phase separation tanks with electrode systems with fixed and movable electrodes, where electrodes has guide plates with axial height of maximum value - Google Patents

Abstract

The liquid starter has phase separation tanks (4, 5, 6) with electrode systems with fixed and movable electrodes (11, 15), where the electrodes has concentrically arranged guide plates (12, 21, 22) with an axial height of maximum of about 200 millimeter. The phase separation tank has a positioning unit to permit circulation of an electrolyte by a perforated tank bottom. The phase separation tank has a glass fiber laminate in a wall, where the wall is made of an epoxy glass resin. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a phase separation tank comprising a positioning unit (2) a method for installation of a phase separation tank (3) a drive shaft for a link of a three phase alternating current liquid starter.

Description

The Invention relates to a liquid starter, a phase separation pot for a liquid starter and a method for installing a phase separation pot in a Liquid starters. Especially As regards the liquid starter, the invention relates to a three-phase liquid starter.

Three-phase liquid starters are used for starting and controlling three-phase asynchronous motors Wound rotor, For example, with rated power from 50 to 700 kW used.

To their definition are fluid starters Equipment, in which the resistance of each current branch, ie each phase, through the liquid column of a Electrolyte is formed. By changing the length and / or the cross section of the liquid column can the resistance can be changed continuously or suddenly. At least one electrode the current branches is this mostly moved. Once a minimum resistance is reached between the electrodes of a branch current, is the Starting process finished.

For the adjustment Of the electrodes, the starter usually have a motor actuator and a manual emergency drive. Furthermore can for a quick return of the Starter in the starting position with maximum resistance between the electrodes may be provided with an auxiliary magnet or a spring.

Regular applications for starters The types considered here are cement and hammer mills, fans and compressors, pumps, shredders, rolling mill drives, Ilgner groups, Wood grinder drives, boiler water feed pumps, start-up motors for gas turbines and test stands.

in the In general, a limit switch switches when reaching the end position the moving electrode, so when reaching the minimum resistance, a contactor one, the runners circle shorts. Thereafter, the starter can in its initial position with maximum Resistance reduced become. Alternatively, the starter can only after switching off moved back again become.

The Short circuit contactor is often firmly mounted on the starter in a protective housing. To be used for example, air guns in ingot design for switching without load. The magnet coil excitation can in this Trapped preferably by direct current. The necessary chipper can already in the short-circuit contactor be integrated. For control starters, the residual resistance is added minimum resistance used as a slip resistance. For fluid starters On the other hand, a short-circuit contactor is required due to the system, which is the residual resistance bridged in the starter.

The while the heat generated is stored in the electrolyte. The electrolyte begins thereby to circulate. Subsequently the waste heat is over the Container surface to the room air dissipated.

liquid starters of the type described are, for example, from the brochure "BEA liquid starter" BEA Technical Services Rheinland GmbH, 40568 Düsseldorf, known. The liquid starters described there exist from a strong-walled steel sheet container containing the resistance liquid - ie the Electrolyte - and picks up the electrode system. Inside, the container is shiny after metallic Radiation with a triple coat of Epoxydharzlack in one application thickness coated by about 0.2 mm. As in practice almost exclusively three-phase liquid starter occur, are three fixed and three jointly adjustable electrodes built-in. Depending on the resistance ratio and current carrying capacity each electrode consists of several concentric steel cylinders. Therefor low carbon steel sheets are used.

The adjustable electrodes are attached to a support bridge, which in the usual Star connection of the electrode systems forms the starter star. The fixed electrodes have a conductive connection to connection points for runner cable.

Around the resistance column and thus the initial resistance of the three phases as large as possible hold, the electrodes are isolated from each other by vessels, the so-called phase separation pots. When adjusting the support bridge the movable electrodes slide into the fixed electrodes without to touch each other. The electrodes are then in a common overlap region. This will the resistance column minimized, and it results in a smallest end resistance. The starting process is completed with it.

in the Bottom of the insulated vessels are holes arranged so that by the thermal buoyancy a circulation movement of the electrolyte used for a quick exhaustion the heat from the electrode area.

The movable electrode displacer is provided by a spindle drive system. A motor drives a spindle via a gearbox, which drives the movable electrodes vertically into the electrolyte in order to start the engine perform. In the same way, the movable electrodes are led out again when the starting process is completed.

Of the Electrolyte can be to the desired Operating condition can be adjusted very easily. The electrolyte consists of water, which starter salt in the form of technically pure Sodium carbonate is added. The final electrolyte concentration becomes the required operating conditions when commissioning the system customized. Is a reinforcement the electrolyte concentration needed, because the starting current is too low, dissolved starter salt becomes small Mixed quantities until desired Value is reached. If the concentration is too high, ie the starter current too high high or the run-up too violent, becomes a part of the electrolyte drained and water refilled. With optimal selection of electrodes, the separation pot combination, the Motor characteristic and the electrolyte concentration arises during Switching on the short-circuit contactor no Torque shock.

Out the Reichspententschrift 345600 is a liquid starter known in which a movable electrode is attached to a shaft and over a lever can be moved into an electrolyte tank, a wall of which is formed by a stationary electrode. The movable electrode is a disk. She can be parallel in her plane pivoted into the plane of the fixed electrode disc in the electrolyte become. With immersion in the electrolyte is the mobile Electrode in an overlap with the fixed electrode. The immersed surface of the movable electrode disc becomes larger with increasing pivoting, so that at the same Resistance of the total current increases. In addition to the resistance To decrease, the movable electrode disc can be perpendicular to their pivot plane to the fixed electrode to be moved. In a preferred embodiment beats the document before that the pivoting movement and the procedure to reduce the resistance depending on each other.

Further liquid starters are the patent 140467 of the Imperial Patent Office, the patents 319408, 352665, 354478, 388707, 413150, 417861, 529894, 533702 and 637079 of the Reich Patent Office, the Auslegeschriften 1 133 796 and 1 142 652 of the German Patent Office and the published patent application 2 038 849 . DE 30 27 673 A1 . DE 44 06 481 A1 and DE 44 10 959 A1 of the German Patent Office as well as the DE 18 25 161 U , of the GB 203 396 and the US 1,614,774 refer to.

Of the Invention is based on the object, an improved starter, an improved phase separation pot and / or an improved method to install a phase separation pot.

To In a first aspect of the invention, this object is achieved by a fluid starter, in particular a three-phase liquid starter, with phase separation pots each with an electrode system with a fixed and a movable electrode, wherein the fixed electrode concentrically arranged conducting means with an axial height from a maximum of about 180 mm to 220 mm, preferably about 200 mm.

conventional Electrode systems, which are vertically movable into each other, have significantly larger dimensions along the vertical travel direction here. In contrast, the electrodes are kept flatter here. This allows it the fluid starter, much faster the moving electrode from the overlap area to be able to drive out with the fixed electrode, because at conventional For starters simply the required vertical travel from the overlap area longer is. This makes it possible for the starter, the resistors in the To change electrode systems highly dynamically. Thus, the starter be driven and controlled much more efficiently.

In order to avoid a higher current load, that the electrodes are shortened compared to conventional electrodes and thus a smaller area is available, corresponding guide surfaces are added. Extensive testing has shown that a current load of no more than 0.5 amperes / cm ² at the electrode leads is ideal for a very long life. On the other hand, conventional starters usually apply their lead of the electrodes to 1 ampere / cm ² or more.

It should be noted that a generic starter which acts on the guide means of the electrodes with only about 0.5 amperes / cm ^2, but also one which pressurizes the guide means with more than about 0.6 to 0.8 amps / cm ² , is beneficial and inventive in itself.

It It is understood that the object underlying the invention also solved when the movable electrode is concentrically arranged conducting means with an axial height from a maximum of about 180 mm to 220 mm, preferably with a maximum height of about 200 mm This results in the same advantages as in the proposed variant in which the fixed electrode against the usual Design shortens is trained.

Ideally, the guiding means are both the fes th and the movable electrode in the above-described brevity.

For the arrangement It is proposed that the guide means are arranged in a ring, in particular in cylinder jacket shape. Such an electrode geometry can be especially inexpensive and is in its horizontal extent by the circular shape for a given required electrode area as small as possible.

To A second aspect of the invention solves the task Phase separation pot for a liquid starter, especially for a three-phase fluid starter, wherein the phase separation pot has its own means for positioning in the starter.

One Such phase separation pot can be easily installed in the installation tank housing the starter and there like any conventional Item sold with their own set-up and set up. The Aufstellmittel can for example, from a mounted at the bottom of the phase separation pot circumferential Base or legs consist. Three are enough Stand out legs to ensure a wobble-proof fit. Of course you can too more legs can be present, these can be adjusted in height but the latter is usually not required.

One such self-standing phase separation pot comes without the otherwise required, quite expensive retaining construction. Conventional phase separation pots become in a tank housing used and must then held vertically with elaborate belt constructions as well as horizontally secured against tipping over. The now proposed phase separation pots save thus all those otherwise mechanically necessary elements on the starter one for have to take care of a vertical storage of the phase separation pots. One Starter therefore builds considerably with the proposed phase separation pot cost-effective.

It is immediately apparent that the underlying task thus also by a method for operational installation a phase separation pot in a tank housing of a liquid starter, in particular a three-phase fluid starter, solved is, with the phase separation pot mounted vertically on their own Aufstellmitteln and the phase separation pot is then only used against horizontal or tilting is secured laterally on the tank housing.

Of the Phastrenntopf can especially against horizontal or tilting movements simply be secured by it in its upper area two places with the tank housing is connected. Thus lets a phase separation pot can easily be installed ready for use, that he with his own Aufstellmitteln in the tank housing on the Floor is set, in which case then simply two belts of be led to the upper part of the tank housing. Here, for example two small rails on top of the outer circumference of the cylindrical Phastrenntopfs bolted and on appropriate mounting rails be bolted, which rotate laterally inside the tank housing. Then besides the phase separation pot itself, there are only two rails and four screws, better six screws, required to get the pot ready for use to install.

The Setting-up means are preferably designed so that they have a circulation allow of electrolyte through a perforated pot bottom. Of the Bottom of a phase separation pot is on advanced starters perforated, preferably with concentric rows of holes. This allows it, that heated in operation electrolyte up from the phase separation pot in the tank housing Escapes while cold electrolyte from the bottom of the tank housing on the shortest Way, so through the bottom of the pot, followed. The electrodes remain thereby best possible cooled.

in the Fall of legs on a phase separation pot is proposed that this is a length of about 3 cm to 8 cm, preferably a length of about 5 cm. At extensive Try has been found that at such a distance from the bottom of the tank housing to the bottom of the phase separation pot just a sufficient circulation of electrolyte for most applications of the starter can arise.

To A third aspect of the invention is the underlying object in front of a phase separation pot for a liquid starter, especially for a three-phase liquid starter, dissolved in at which the phase separation pot a glass fiber laminate in a wall having.

Glass fiber laminates (GRP materials) are light and stable, but without the risk of breakage. In this case, the resin used for laminating the glass fibers is generally suitable for the high temperatures in a starter. Compared with conventional phase separation pots, which are often made of clay, for example, a GRP pot is not only cheaper, but also considerably easier to install. Conventional phase separation pots have a mass of about 50 kg to 80 kg, usually about 70 kg, per piece. It is obvious that such a heavy pot can only be introduced by several people and often only with the aid of a lifting machine in a starter housing and installed there. In contrast, has a GRP pot only a mass of about 15 kg to 30 kg, depending on the dimensions of the pot. Most of such pots will only weigh around 20kg when designed with GRP material. Such a pot can be easily installed by a person alone and almost no risk of injury in a starter housing.

The aforementioned values for the mass of a phase separation pot is only reached when a Phase separation pot is made almost exclusively of GRP. It is express mentioned, but that also such phase separation pots fall under the invention, which only slightly or preferably predominantly made of fiberglass. In particular, the wall should consist of GFK, because these by far the largest share at the total mass of a phase separation pot.

To According to another aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by a liquid starter, in particular a three-phase liquid starter, with phase separation pots each with an electrode system with a fixed and a movable electrode, wherein the movable electrodes on a vertically moving bridge are arranged, which is suspended from a vertical drive, being the bridge suspended at two points apart on the vertical drive.

It has already been discussed in the introduction, that at conventional Starters the bridge connected to a drive spindle. This is vertical to the starter arranged and moved the bridge up or down when spindle rotation is activated. The bridge is running along a snail-shaped guide at the spindle. The proposed bridge is with two suspension points In contrast, stored much safer against tilting when the bridge is very should be moved quickly up or down. The electrotechnical Measurement and control technology allows it easily, in a highly dynamic fast process from the Actual position of the electrodes and the motor characteristics new setpoint positions for the Specify electrodes. The previous starter mechanism prevents but it is that such highly dynamic measurement and control systems on Transfer liquid starter become. At a very fast start of the bridge in one or the other Direction easily occur jibing of the bridge as a result of inertia at the bridge on. The spindle drive is then damaged or even comes to a standstill. This triggers the invention by the suspension two points with a surprising Simplicity.

Of the Vertical drive preferably has a shaft on which the bridge is suspended. A shaft is a very space efficient drive mechanism and can the electrode bridge move up or down by simply rotating it around its own axis. So forms a horizontal running through the starter shaft a bridge suspended from it especially inexpensive and safely functioning gear to the rotational movement of a To convert drive motor in a vertical movement of the electrodes.

In a particularly preferred embodiment - and also independently from all other features The present invention advantageously and inventive - communicates the bridge over the wave with a counterweight. It has already been discussed that a starter of Species considered here can then be driven particularly effectively if he is highly dynamic and thus very fast on new target positions can be regulated. It is a great challenge, the mostly metal bridge to accelerate strongly with the attached electrodes. The equipped with the electrodes bridge usually has a significant weight, especially if three electrodes on the bridge are arranged. The dead weight of the bridge will be according to the proposal the invention compensated by the counterweight at least largely. Ideally, a weight difference between the bridge and the counterweight of at most about 400 N (because of weight difference rather kg), preferably from at most about 300 N, more preferably at most about 100 N. Es is immediately apparent that the inertia of the system to be driven is largely suppressed by the counterweight. A very fast one Procedure of the bridge is thus possible with little effort. The starter can then work very fast and accordingly effective.

Especially Preferably, the drive shaft is free of play by a drive motor driven, what the achievable dynamics of a starter invention further increased.

Preferably, a counterweight gear is provided which directly couples a vertical method of the bridge with a vertical displacement of the counterweight. Such a transmission can be represented by particularly simple means by a cable pull or a chain hoist, which are moved mass-neutral in each case during rotation of the drive shaft. It is understood that during a rotation of the shaft, although a piece of the rope or the chain is transported over the shaft from one to the other side. The length that is transported corresponds to that portion of the circumference of the shaft, which results in a division of the angle of rotation by one full turn. However, the rope or chain is preferably extremely light in relation to the masses of the bridge or the counterweight placed so that the acceleration of rope or chain results in only a small inertia. It is crucial that the bridge remains with its own weight on one side of the drive shaft and that the counterweight remains on the other side of the shaft.

In a particularly cost-effective and very reliable design variant that depends Counterweight as a compact mass on a chain hoist outside of the tank housing the starter, the chain hoist over a toothless pulley at the upper edge of the tank housing towards the drive shaft and from there vertical to the bridge runs.

To Another aspect of the invention is the underlying object solved by a liquid starter, in particular a three-phase liquid starter, with an electrode system with a fixed and a movable electrode, wherein the movable electrode via a vertically movable bridge suspended on a vertical drive is, wherein the vertical drive is connected to a motor and having an emergency hand drive, wherein the emergency manual drive subtracted from the vertical drive can be.

It has already been explained that conventional Starter over have a spindle drive for vertical movement of the bridge. Here the emergency manual drive is designed so that the drive spindle can be rotated with the handwheel. This is a rather expensive Connection required. This has particular effects on the housing construction of the starter. When the starter should be opened and this its lid should be removed, this is only with great effort possible. In contrast, allows it is the now presented aspect of the invention, the lid of the starter just with a hole for to equip the pluggable and removable emergency manual drive. If then the cover for maintenance or repair purposes to be removed should, just need the emergency manual drive from the actual main drive be removed, and the lid can be removed easily.

In a preferred embodiment is the emergency hand drive over a hollow shaft connected to the Verikalantrieb. The vertical drive is like described above - after an aspect of the invention preferably as a shaft, wherein then constructed to the hollow shaft a simple connector can be. Such is not only inexpensive, but also particularly easy to attach and detach. Such a drive shaft for one bridge a three-phase fluid starter is then preferably constructed so that it has a main shaft, which goes into a hollow shaft, wherein there is a second wave with the manual emergency drive.

Independent of all The aforementioned features also a liquid starter is advantageous and inventive in which electrode position indicators and / or a Arbeitsbereichentschalter at least in the middle third, preferably are mounted approximately in the middle of the drive shaft. Thus are these displays or message devices essentially at the work area and arranged directly on the drive. In contrast, have conventional starters these ads outside on the case, namely at the side of the housing. This requires a gearbox so that with the present Invention costs can be saved here as well.

The Invention will now be described with reference to an embodiment with reference closer to the drawing explained. It can functionally identical or identical components same reference numerals wear. Show it

1 in a schematic longitudinal section of a three-phase liquid starter, which realizes all presented aspects of the invention, and

2 the starter 1 in a schematic cross section according to the local marking II-II.

The three-phase fluid starter 1 in the figures consists essentially of a trained as a tank housing 2 made of sheet steel. The steel sheet is insulated from the outside and from the inside.

Inside the case 2 stand on a caseback 3 three phase separation pots 4 . 5 . 6 , The phase separation pots 4 . 5 . 6 each consist of a Zylindermantelwandung (exemplary with 7 marked), a pot bottom (exemplary with 8th and four each about 5 cm long feet (exemplary with 9 in). The wall 7 and the bottom of the pot 8th the phase separation pots 4 . 5 . 6 are each made of glass fiber laminate, so that each of the phase separation pots as such has a mass of about 20 kg.

Inside each of the separation pots is via an electrical connection (exemplified with 10 characterized) a fixed electrode (exemplified with 11 marked) arranged. Any fixed electrode 11 consists of four concentrically arranged cylindrical jacket-shaped conductive sheets (exemplified with 12 . 13 in).

Above the fixed electrodes 11 are at a bridge 14 coaxial with the fixed electrodes 11 three with the bridge 14 vertically movable electrodes (exemplified with 15 marked in draws) firmly arranged. The connection of the movable electrodes 15 to the bridge 14 takes place via fixed connection pieces (exemplarily with 16 in). The bridge 14 is on two tours 17 . 18 at the front ends 19 . 20 of the housing 2 vertically movably mounted. Thus, the bridge can 14 - and with it the moving electrodes 15 - Be moved verikal along the axes of the circular electrode elements.

The moving electrodes 15 are very similar to the fixed electrodes 11 constructed and have five concentric conductive sheets in cylinder jacket shape (with exemplary 21 . 22 characterized), so that the movable electrodes 15 contactless in the fixed electrodes 11 be driven in and out again. The phase separation pots 4 . 5 . 6 are open to the top. A wobble-free, safe state of the phase separation pots 4 . 5 . 6 gets through the feet 9 in connection with horizontally securing sheet metal strips (exemplarily with 23 marked) guaranteed.

In this case, the intertwining and moving apart of each pair of a stationary electrode cooperating with an electrode system can be carried out 11 and a movable electrode 15 very fast and thus highly dynamic, because both the fixed electrodes 11 as well as the movable electrodes 15 only over a length of about 20 cm along its symmetry axes (exemplified with 24 labeled).

The bridge 14 is on two chain trains 25 . 26 suspended. Already this two-point suspension makes it very stable and thus very flexible. The chain hoists 25 . 26 run vertically upwards around two sprockets 27 . 28 , which on a drive shaft 29 are secured without play. The drive shaft 29 in turn is free of play to a drive motor 30 connected. Thus, by rotation of the motor 30 the bridge 14 and with it the moving electrodes 15 be moved vertically.

To such a method the inertia of the mass of the bridge 14 and the movable electrodes 15 not to oppose, are the chain hoists 25 . 26 around the sprockets 27 . 28 in a more horizontal area 31 to a longitudinal edge 32 of the housing 2 Run and run around two smooth plastic pulleys 33 continued. They run from there in a vertical section 34 outside parallel to the housing 2 continue and are fixed to counterweights 35 connected. The mass of the two counterweights 35 corresponds relatively accurately to the mass of the bridge 14 , the moving electrodes 15 and all mitbeweglicher connecting parts to the bridge construction. Thus, the weight forces of actually moving in the control of the starter constructions to lift 14 . 15 and the counterweights 35 essentially what makes the system weightless with respect to vertical accelerations. This allows the drive motor 30 the movable electrodes 15 regulate extremely fast.

The drive shaft 29 not only from the drive motor 30 be rotated, but also on a spare wheel 36 , which is to be operated by hand. The fact that the self-weights of bridge construction and counterweights substantially offset each other, the emergency handwheel 36 quite compact. Big levers are not required. Finally, there are no major moments due to the structure hanging on the drive shaft. The emergency handwheel 36 is also about its own wave 37 , which is quite short, in a hollow shaft piece 38 on the drive shaft 29 plugged in. The emergency handwheel 36 stands sideways from the housing 2 down while the drive shaft 29 at least in the very essence within the dimensions of the housing 2 runs.

If a lid (not shown) on the case 2 is attached, is thus the drive shaft 29 essentially within the lid and thus within the housing 2 , In contrast, stands the manual emergency 36 outward from the lid and thus out of the case 2 out. If the cover is now to be removed, for example, for repair or maintenance, the emergency handwheel 36 along with his short own wave 37 easily from the hollow shaft 38 be pulled out. Then the lid can be lifted without difficulty.

Of the Starters shown all realized above mentioned aspects of the invention. A CU star bridge can be installed at the bridge which performs 3150 A rotor current.

During operation transmits - as already indicated above - the drive shaft 29 the drive torque from the drive motor 30 on the drive chain rollers 27 . 28 , These convert the rotary motion of the drive motor 30 into a linear motion.

Electrode position detector for indicating at least the maximum and the minimum resistance as well as a working area limit switch 39 are approximately in the axial center of the drive shaft 29 appropriate. They are clearly visible there, and there is no need for an otherwise complicated gearbox.

To turn on the starter are the movable electrodes 15 ideally driven to the top. At the drive shaft 29 For example, this can be represented by assuming a rotation angle of about 300 ° with respect to a subscript become. The starter has a maximum possible slip resistance at this angle. To start the starter should 1 drive the engine to the maximum speed with a constant torque. The constant torque is preferably given separately by means of a resistor combination for an electrohydraulic controller or by means of a setpoint adjustment of voltage and current for an electronic controller.

After this the engine has reached its operating point, the actual begins Operation, so that the engine with higher Moment works. It is preferred if the maximum torque of the engine in dependence calculated and specified by the engine torque.

If higher load torques occur, the starter limits the engine torque preferably to the set value. This happens because the moving electrodes 15 For example, up to a position of about 150 ° rotation angle on the drive shaft 29 be reduced. At a sustained higher load torque, the electrodes remain 15 in this position, a higher speed reduction is prohibited. After the load torque has decayed, the electrodes automatically return to the operating point. This ensures a permanent control and freedom from maintenance of the drive system.

The drive shaft 29 , the electrode suspensions and the electrodes are designed so that only minimal mechanical wear on the guide systems can occur. Thus, the starter is stable in value and has a long service life. In particular, by the self-supporting and balanced with the counterweight system a very fast and low-inertia compensation of all operations possible.

1

Three-phase liquid starters

2

tank housing

3

caseback

4, 5, 6

Phase separator pot

7

wall

8th

pot base

9

Aufstellbein

10

electrical connection

11

fixed electrode

12 13 '

baffle

14

bridge

15

portable electrode

16

suspension

17 18

vertical guide rail

19 20

front sides of the housing

21 22

baffles

23

retaining rail

24

axis

25 26

chain hoists

27 28

Chain drive wheels

29

drive shaft

30

drive motor

31

rather horizontal chain area

32

housing edge

33

idler pulley

34

vertical section

35

counterweight

36

emergency hand crank

37

short wave

38

hollow shaft

Claims (20)

Liquid starter ( 1 ), in particular three-phase liquid starters ( 1 ), with phase separation pots ( 4 . 5 . 6 ) each with an electrode system ( 11 . 15 ) with a fixed ( 11 ) and a mobile ( 15 ) Electrode, characterized in that the fixed electrode ( 11 ) concentric ( 24 ) arranged conducting means ( 12 . 13 ) having an axial height of at most about 200 mm. Liquid starter, in particular three-phase liquid starter, in particular according to claim 1, with phase separation pots each having an electrode system with a fixed and a movable electrode, characterized in that the movable electrode ( 15 ) concentrically arranged conducting means ( 21 . 22 ) having an axial height of at most about 200 mm. liquid starters according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the guiding means annular are arranged, in particular in Zylindermantelform. Phase separation pot ( 4 . 5 . 6 ) for a liquid starter ( 1 ) in particular for a three-phase liquid starter ( 1 ), in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the phase separation pot ( 4 . 5 . 6 ) own means for setting up ( 9 ) in the starter ( 1 ) having. Phase separation pot according to claim 4, characterized in that the erection means at least three legs ( 9 ) exhibit. Phase separation pot according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the erection means ( 9 ) a circulation of electrolyte through a perforated pot bottom ( 8th ) allow. Phase separation pot ( 4 . 5 . 6 ) for a liquid starter ( 1 ), in particular for a three-phase liquid starter ( 1 ), in particular according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the phase separation pot ( 4 . 5 . 6 ) a glass fiber laminate in a wall ( 7 ) having. Phase separation pot according to claim 7, characterized in that the wall ( 7 ) consists mainly of GRP. Liquid starter ( 1 ), in particular three-phase liquid starters ( 1 ), especially according to one of claims 1 to 3, with phase separation pots ( 4 . 5 . 6 ) each with an electrode system with a fixed ( 11 ) and a mobile ( 15 ) Electrode, wherein the movable electrodes ( 15 ) on a vertically movable bridge ( 14 ) are arranged on a vertical drive ( 29 ), characterized in that the bridge ( 14 ) at two separate points on the vertical drive ( 29 ) is suspended. Liquid starter according to claim 9, characterized in that the vertical drive a shaft ( 29 ), on which the bridge ( 14 ) is suspended. Liquid starter, in particular according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the bridge ( 14 ) over the walls ( 29 ) with a counterweight ( 35 ) communicates. Liquid starter according to claim 11, characterized in that the counterweight ( 35 ) of which with electrodes ( 15 ) equipped bridge ( 14 ) deviates in the mass by a maximum of 30 kg. Liquid starter according to claim 11 or 12, characterized by a counterweight gearbox ( 27 . 28 . 33 ), which is a vertical method of the bridge ( 14 ) with a vertical counterweight method ( 35 ) immediately coupled. Liquid starter according to claim 13, characterized in that the counterweight gearbox a cable pull or a chain hoist ( 25 . 26 ), which upon rotation of the drive shaft ( 29 ) is essentially mass-neutral procedure. Liquid starter according to one of Claims 9 to 14, characterized by a backlash-free motor connection to the drive shaft ( 29 ). Liquid starter ( 1 ), in particular three-phase liquid starters ( 1 ), in particular according to one of claims 1 to 3 and / or 9 to 15, with an electrode system with a fixed ( 11 ) and a mobile ( 15 ) Electrode, wherein the movable electrodes ( 15 ) via a vertically movable bridge ( 14 ) on a vertical drive ( 29 ) are suspended, wherein the vertical drive ( 29 ) with a motor ( 30 ) and an emergency hand drive ( 36 ), characterized in that the emergency manual drive ( 36 ) from the vertical drive ( 29 ) can be deducted. Liquid starter according to claim 16, characterized in that the emergency manual drive ( 36 ) via a hollow shaft ( 38 ) to the vertical drive ( 29 ) connected. Method for ready installation of a phase separation pot ( 4 . 5 . 6 ) in a tank housing ( 2 ) of a liquid starter ( 1 ) in particular a three-phase fluid starter ( 1 ), in particular according to one of claims 1 to 3 and / or 9 to 17, characterized in that the phase separation pot ( 4 . 5 . 6 ) on own Aufstellmitteln ( 9 ) is stored vertically and the phase separation pot ( 4 . 5 . 6 ) is then secured laterally against the tank housing only against horizontal or tilting movements. A method according to claim 18, characterized in that the phase separation pot ( 4 . 5 . 6 ) is connected only at its upper part in two places with the tank housing. Drive shaft ( 29 ) for a bridge ( 14 ) of a three-phase liquid starter ( 1 ), characterized by a main shaft ( 29 ), which are in a hollow shaft ( 38 ), in which a second wave ( 37 ) of an emergency manual drive ( 36 ) is located.