DE102006007370A1 - Self-propelling uniaxial machine comprises a switching device having a first mechanical control unit for an oil stream and a second mechanical control unit arranged between tension drives for steering movement - Google Patents

Abstract

Self-propelling uniaxial machine comprises a switching device having a first mechanical control unit for an oil stream arranged between tension drives and an adjustable valve of a hydraulic pump and a second mechanical control unit arranged between further tension drives for steering movement and a steering valve of the pump. A control part of the first control unit pivots with guiding capping pieces (8, 9) about their pivoting axle. Preferred Features: One tension drive (18) is guided on the connecting point of a control rod via a deviating roller.

Description

The The invention relates to a self-propelled, uniaxial machine for the abutting or pulling operation of different attachments with one Machine frame, a drive motor for the attachments and a hydraulic pump, the over hydraulic Wheel motors the wheels drives, with guide rails, which are pivotable about a vertical axis on the machine frame, with a steering device and a device for the driving speed with pull drives, e.g. Bowden cables, acting actuators on the guide rails, being for a change of thrusting to pulling operation the guide rails swiveling 180 ° are and for a mutually unchanged operating function the actuators one arranged in the region of the pivot center of the guide rails, automatic switching device is provided.

Work machines of the aforementioned structure are for example from the GB 2 209 719 A and the EP 1 486 404 A1 known. They are used to operate different attachments, eg in towed operation for tillage equipment and in the pushed operation for bar mowers, sickle mowers, snow plows, sweeping rollers or the like. They usually have an internal combustion engine which drives the attachment, provided it has moving parts, via a gearbox with a PTO shaft on the output side.

Around with only one PTO or connection side for the implements to get along are the guide rails swiveling 180 ° on the machine frame stored. At the guide rails are the actuators for the Steering device and for a facility for the direction of travel or the driving speed. Since means the steering device each facing the steering center wheel decelerated or delayed is, results in the pivoting of the guide rails by 180 °, a reversal the operating function on the actuators of the guide rails. This can lead to unpleasant consequences and in particular to accidents.

To the operating functions of the steering device regardless of pulling or jerking operation and thus to obtain independent of the pivot position of the guide rails, so to ensure the same operating logic is in the GB 2 209 719 A a mechanical switching device is described, which acts on a complicated control mechanism on clutches of the mechanically driven wheels. The document leaves open as the necessary change in the direction of travel (direction of rotation of the wheels) and the corresponding changeover of the device for the driving speed.

The EP 1 486 404 A1 also describes a switching device whose components are arranged substantially in the pivot center of the machine and should be suitable in a not described embodiment for a mechanical drive of the wheels. In another variant for a hydraulic turning and steering drive of the wheels remains open as the means for adjusting the driving speed depending on the direction of travel takes place.

Of the Invention is based on the object, a switching device to create, in a hydraulic drive the wheels of the Work machine a simple solution for the Adjustment to the sense of direction (forwards / backwards) and for the maintenance of the operating function for the Steering and driving speed when the direction of travel changes offers.

• a) eine zwischen den Zugantrieben für die Fahrgeschwindigkeit und einem Verstellventil der Hydraulikpumpe angeordnete, erste mechanische Steuereinrichtung für den Ölvolumenstrom aufweist, wobei ein mit den Zugantrieben verbundenes Steuerglied der ersten Steuereinrichtung mit den Führungsholmen um deren Schwenkachse schwenkbar ist und über weitere Steuerglieder auf das Verstellventil der Hydraulikpumpe wirkt, und
• b) eine zwischen den Zugantrieben für die Lenkbewegung und einem Lenkventil der Hydraulikpumpe angeordnete zweite mechanische Steuereinrichtung aufweist, wobei die Zugantriebe auf ihrer Länge in zwei Abschnitte geteilt sind, von denen die betätigungsseitigen Abschnitte mit einem mit den Führungsholmen mitschwenkbaren Steuerglied der zweiten Steuereinrichtung und die ventilseitigen Abschnitte mit einem nicht schwenkenden Steuerglied verbunden sind und die Abschnitte der Zugantriebe durch Zusam menwirken beider Steuerglieder zur Durchführung der Lenkbewegung antriebsmäßig koppelbar sind.

Starting from a work machine with the features of the preamble of claim 1, this object is achieved in that the switching device

• a) arranged between the traction drives for the driving speed and an adjusting valve of the hydraulic pump, the first mechanical control device for the oil flow, wherein connected to the traction drives control member of the first control device with the guide rails about the pivot axis is pivotable and further control members on the adjustment of Hydraulic pump works, and
• b) has a arranged between the traction drives for the steering movement and a steering valve of the hydraulic pump second mechanical control device, wherein the traction drives are divided along its length into two sections, of which the operating side portions with a pivotable with the guide rails control member of the second control device and the valve side Sections are connected to a non-pivoting control member and the sections of the traction drives by co-action of both control members for driving the steering movement are drivingly coupled.

The invention provides two separate control devices, of which the first regardless of the direction of travel, that is independent of the pivotal position of the guide rails allows always the same direction setting the vehicle speed on the hydraulic wheel motors by this control device has a mitschwenkendes with the guide rails around the pivot axis control member, the is connected to the traction drives for adjusting the driving speed and other control elements on the adjustment of the Hy Draulikpumpe acts. The second control device serves to maintain the operating logic for the steering movement. Their basic idea is to divide the traction drives, for example, two Bowden cables, each in a user-side and a valve-side portion to bring the service-side sections via a mitschwenkendes control member with the fixed valve-side sections in operative connection, so that a kind of crossover is realized when operating an actuator of the steering device on one of the guide rails in both directions ensures the same steering movement.

In a preferred embodiment the first control device is connected to the traction drives Control member of a between holmfesten inner surfaces linear out Adjusting slide formed on a vertical in the pivot center arranged control rod sits and on this side and beyond the control rod connected the traction drives for the driving speed are.

Of the with direction reversal mitschwenkende Verstellschlitten acts in both positions in the same way on the control rod whose Axis out of position when driving straight out in the same Sense on the adjustment valve of the hydraulic pump acts, so that on actuator for the driving speed the same operating functions in both directions of the Arbeitsmäschine are possible.

According to one another embodiment of the first control device is provided that for the forward drive certain train drive over the Carried away adjusting slide and over a pulley to a connection point beyond the control rod guided on the adjustment slide is.

The Guide pulley for the for determined the forward drive Traction drive is mounted on sturdy walls, so that these together with the traction drives and the adjustment slide, the holmfesten inside surfaces guided is, is swung.

In preferred embodiment is provided that the control rod with its lower end below of the swivel center with a two-armed horizontal control lever firmly attached, at one end to a machine-fixed Joint mounted with vertical axis and with its other end hingedly connected to the free end of a control lever for the adjustment valve of the hydraulic pump.

At the Actuate the steering device leaves the Control rod their coaxial with the pivot axis position. These Deflection of the control rod transmits on the two-armed control lever, which pivots around its sturdy bearing and with the opposite End the hydraulic pump adjusting lever via the joint between them entraining. This joint advantageously has radial and vertical Play on.

In a further preferred embodiment provided that the adjustment slide with a center of the pivot axis Concentric slot located on the above the pivot center End of the control rod sits to pivot the guide rail up to approx. ± 25 ° without change to allow the direction of travel.

Often exists the need, a generic machine along obstacles, fences, other limitations or the like that make it impossible the guide rails in the usual To make straight ahead, especially since they have a greater distance from each other. It is therefore desirable the guide rails across from the direction of travel to make an angle, for example up to a Angle ± 25 °. This is in itself known from the documents mentioned above. To the To be able to adjust the driving speed unhindered, the adjusting carriage points the concentric to the pivot axis slot in which the upper Led the end of the control rod is, so that the first control device even at this angle employment the guide rails unchanged is effective.

For the finding the pivot position (± 25 °, 180 °) of the guide rails these are by means of at least one engaging in bores of the machine frame, spring-loaded plug pin lockable by means of an actuator can be lifted against the spring force. Constructive details of a such execution are described in the two publications mentioned above.

In a further preferred embodiment of Invention is provided that the second control device for the steering movement as mitschwenkbares control member one in the pivot center about the pivot axis rotatable ring on which the ends of the actuation-side sections the traction drives are connected approximately diametrically, and as non-pivoting STEU erglied another parallel lower ring on which the valve side Sections of the traction drives are connected approximately diametrically, and that after pivoting the guide rails and turning the upper ring selectively the operation side portion of a traction drive in alignment with the valve side portion of the other train drive can be brought.

With this structurally and drivingly simple subdivision of the traction drives for Lenkbe In particular, movement results in a functionally reliable construction of the second control device adapted to the operation which is robust in generic machines. The possible cross-connection of the user-side and valve-side sections of the Bowden cables thereby results in a lossless direct power transmission of the steering movement at each pivotal position of the guide rails.

advantageously, is the upper ring over the pivoting movement following driver rotates while the lower ring is held against rotation.

This has happened in particular an embodiment proved to be advantageous in both rings with their inner diameter on a tube sleeve are guided, with a collar the lower ring for transmitting the steering of the Pull drives undercut, and over one over the upper ring and held together with this connected locking ring.

The tubular sleeve on the one hand allows the rotational movement of the upper ring relative to the lower ring, on the other hand with the lower ring under cross Collar the entrainment of the lower ring at the actuation only a traction drive. Because with tilted the upper ring together with the tubular sleeve and the lower ring.

advantageously, the lower ring sits in the neutral steering position (straight ahead) in a circular Trough with chamfered peripheral wall.

The in the neutral position as a support for Both rings serving, machine-tight trough ensures due to the chamfered Inner wall for this, that the lower ring is always inserted into the trough, and even after a by the steering movement of a traction drive done tilting both rings.

With Advantage is between the drivers and the upper ring an äusreichendes Game for that when pressed the steering device takes place tilting the tube sleeve with intended for the rings.

In a constructive design can they Carrier be designed as vertical pins, which open outwards Fork ends one of the upper ring cross and at this and on the tube sleeve are arranged circumferentially fastened component.

In furthermore advantageous embodiment is provided that the rings on the facing end faces diametrically arranged recesses and emanating from these to the opposite end faces Have holes, and that the ends of the sections of the traction drives are provided with nipples in the recesses.

The Traction drives, e.g. The wire cables of Bowden cables, are made with the unthickened Threaded through the recess and the hole until the nipples in the Recess lie and then the free end with the Bowden cable sleeve on the actuator the steering device or the corresponding connection points on Steering valve is connected.

below the invention is based on a reproduced in the drawings preferred embodiment described.

In show the drawings:

1 a perspective view of a uniaxial machine;

2 a perspective view in the region of the pivot center of the machine in an enlarged view;

3 a longitudinal section in a plane enclosing the pivot axis, with reproduction of the first control device for the adjustment of the driving speed;

4 a section in a pivot axis enclosing the plane with playback of the second control device for the steering movement in a neutral position and

5 one of the 4 corresponding section of the second control device in a steering rash.

The uniaxial machine runs on two wheels 1 . 2 , which are each driven by hydraulic wheel motors, via hydraulic hoses 3 . 4 from one in 1 not shown hydraulic pump are acted upon. On the work machine is also a drive motor 5 in the form of an internal combustion engine with a tank 6 arranged, via a gearbox and one at the opposite end 7 emerging PTO drives there to be connected attachments. The drive motor also drives the hydraulic pump for the wheel motors.

The work machine is designed for the towing or abutting operation of attachments. The guide rails serve this purpose 8th . 9 which are in a common sub-spar 10 with side cheeks 11 . 12 pass. Near the handles at the free end of the guide rails are the actuators for the steering device, namely steering lever 13 and 14 , and for the adjustment of the driving speed, namely a tap changer 15 arranged. Further is on the left guide rail 8th a deadman switch 16 and on the right guide rail 9 a throttle 17 for the drive motor 5 intended.

The vehicle speed switch acts on two Bowden cables 18 . 19 , which determine the direction of travel and the driving speed via a first described later mechanical control device. The steering levers 13 . 14 work over in 1 not shown Bowden cables on the later described second mechanical control device for the steering movement.

The lower beam 10 is on a console 20 attached to a cylindrical collar 21 a machine-fixed base plate 22 around a vertical axis 23 (please refer 2 ) is pivotally mounted. The lower beam 10 with the guide rails 8th . 9 can be derived from the in 1 reproduced position for the pulling operation of one at the end 7 connected implement in an abutting operation. The locking of the sub-spar in one of the two pivot positions is performed by spring-loaded locking pins, not shown, in the bores of the base plate 22 engage and by means of one on the guide rail 8th in the area of the steering handle 13 arranged actuator 24 can be dug. The base plate 22 has next to the holes for the 180 ° locking two more offset by about ± 25 ° te holes on the guide rails 8th . 9 be able to bring in an angularly employed to the direction of travel position.

Hereinafter, the first mechanical control device for adjusting the driving speed regardless of the direction of travel based on the 2 and 3 described. The control device has a control member in the form of a Verstellschlittens 25 on, by means of three rollers mounted on vertical axes, in 2 are recognizable, on the inner walls of the side walls 11 . 12 of the sub-spar 10 is linearly guided. The adjustment slide 25 sits with one to the pivot axis 23 concentric slot 32 on the upper end, the control rod arranged in the pivot center 26 , On the adjustment slide 25 grab the bowden cable 18 for the forward drive and the Bowden cable 19 for the reverse drive. The Bowden cable 19 is this side of the control rod 26 , the bowden cable 18 beyond the control rod on the adjustment slide 25 connected. For this purpose, the Bowden cable 18 first on the adjustment slide 25 carried away and over a pulley 27 on the side cheeks 11 . 12 of the sub-spar 10 is stored, deflected.

The control rod 26 is with a two-armed control lever 28 firmly connected. The control lever 28 is with his one arm at a joint 29 mounted with vertical axis ( 3 ). He acts with his other end with play on a bolt 51 , at the end of an adjustment lever 31 the hydraulic pump 32 is attached.

By pressing the speed switch 15 on the guide rail 9 Depending on the direction of travel of the adjustment slide 25 with one of the Bowden cables 18 . 19 moved linearly while the control rod 26 taken. It moves out of the swivel axis 23 out. This movement is transferred to the control lever 28 , whose pivotal movement over the bolt 29 the adjusting lever 30 pivoted accordingly.

When changing from forward drive ( 1 ) for the towed operation of implements on the collision operation of implements becomes with the pivotal movement of the sub-spar 10 the adjusting slide with the pulley taken. The adjustment slide 25 rotates about the axis of the control rod 26 , The adjustment slide 25 is on the control rod 26 Secured vertically by a lock nut. He is sitting with a long hole 32 on the end of the control rod 26 in order to allow a perfect transmission of the switching forces for the driving speed even with only angled employment of the guide rails relative to the direction of travel.

Hereinafter, the second mechanical control device for the steering movement based on 4 and 5 described. The to the steering lever 13 and 14 on the guide rails 8th respectively. 9 ( 1 ) connected Bowden cables 32 for the steering to the left and 33 for the steering to the right are from the lower beam 10 starting in the area of the pivoting center vertically downwards ( 2 ) and their guide sleeves to abutments 49 . 50 attached. The Bowden cables 33 and 34 are divided into two sections, of which the respective operating section with 33 ' respectively. 34 ' and to a steering valve, not shown, of the hydraulic pump 31 leading section with 33 '' respectively. 34 '' is designated.

The second control device has a control member in the form of a about the pivot axis 23 of the sub-spar 10 rotatable control member in the form of an upper ring 35 on top of the console 20 over driver 36 is taken. For this purpose, the drivers grip 36 in outward open forks 37 one the upper ring 35 across and on this be strengthened circlip 38 one. During the rotation, the upper ring slides 35 on a rotatable lower ring 39 ,

The two rings 35 . 39 are provided on the mutually facing end faces with outgoing bores thereof, which pass into bores of smaller diameter to the opposite end faces. In the holes of the above ren rings 35 are the actuation-side sections 33 ' and 34 ' the Bowden cables 33 and 34 with nipples 40 respectively. 41 zugfixiert while in the recesses of the rotationally fixed ring 39 nipple 42 . 43 the valve side sections 33 '' . 34 '' the Bowden cables are inserted.

The upper ring 35 and the lower ring 39 sit on a common tube sleeve 45 into which the circlip 38 engages and at its lower end a the lower ring 39 undercutting collar 46 which, upon actuation of one of the actuating sides Bowden cables 33 . 34 the lower ring with the valve side sections 33 '' . 34 '' in the ratio 1: 1 takes. The two rings 35 . 39 are through the circlip 38 and the collar 46 the tube sleeve 45 held together with axial play.

In 5 a position of the control device is shown at a steering deflection to the left. Here is the left guide rail 8th arranged steering levers 13 actuated.

Its pivotal movement is transferred to the in 4 and 5 left Bowden cable 34 , Its actuation-side section 34 ' takes the upper ring 35 and over the circlip 38 the tube sleeve 45 and over their collar 46 the lower ring 39 and the valve-side section 34 '' of the Bowden cable 34 with, so that the unit consisting of the two rings, the annular disc and the tube sleeve tilts around the remaining in position right side. Will the steering lever 13 released, the aforementioned unit returns under the action of the valve-side Bowden cable 34 '' back to the neutral position. For receiving the second control device in the neutral position, one is the lower ring 39 receiving, fixed trough 44 ( 5 ) provided, the inner peripheral wall 45 is chamfered to the second controller when relieving the bowstring 34 due to the well.

Be the guide rails 8th . 9 with the lower beam 10 and the console 20 of pulling operation ( 1 ) on abutting operation about the axis 23 pivoted 180 °, the upper ring 35 about the drivers 36 twisted so that the actuation-side section 33 ' of the Bowden cable 33 in flight to the valve-side section 34 '' arrives. Due to this crossover, the operating logic remains at the steering levers when changing the operation 13 . 14 same.

1

wheel

2

wheel

3

hydraulic hose

4

hydraulic hose

5

drive motor

6

tank

7

mounting side

8th

Handlebar Left

9

Handlebar right

10

under Holm

11

side cheek

12

side cheek

13

steering handle

14

steering handle

15

speed switch

16

deadman

17

throttle

18

Bowden for forward drive

19

Bowden for reversing

20

console

21

collar

22

baseplate

23

swivel axis

24

actuator for unlocking

25

Adjustable slide

26

control rod

27

idler pulley

28

control lever

29

joint

30

adjusting

31

hydraulic pump

32

Long hole

33

Bowden Steering movement right

34

Bowden Steering left

33 '

Operator-side section of 33

34 '

Operator-side section of 34

33 ''

valve-side section of 33

34 ''

valve-side section of 34

35

upper ring

36

takeaway

37

crotch

38

circlip

39

lower ring

40

Nipple on 33 '

41

Nipple on 34 '

43

Nipple on 33 ''

44

Nipple on 34 ''

45

tubular sleeve

46

collar

47

trough

48

Inside wall of 47

49

abutment

50

abutment

51

bolt

Claims (15)

Self-propelled, uniaxial working machine for the thrusting or pulling operation of various attachments with a machine frame, a drive motor ( 5 ) for the implements and for a hydraulic pump ( 31 ), which use hydraulic wheel motors ( 1 . 2 ), with guide rails ( 8th . 9 ) around a vertical axis ( 23 ) are pivotable on the machine frame, with a Steering device and a device for driving speed with on traction drives ( 18 . 19 . 33 . 34 ), eg Bowden cables, acting actuators ( 13 . 14 . 15 ) on the guide rails, wherein for a change from jerking to pulling operation, the guide rails are pivotable through 180 ° and is provided for a mutually unchanged operating function of the actuators arranged in the region of the pivot center of the guide rails, automatic switching device, characterized in that the switching device a ) one between the traction drives ( 18 . 19 ) for the driving speed and an adjusting valve of the hydra likpumpe ( 31 ), first mechanical control device ( 25 . 26 . 28 . 29 . 30 ) for the oil flow, one with the traction drives ( 18 . 19 ) connected control element ( 25 ) of the first control device with the guide rails ( 8th . 9 ) about its pivot axis ( 23 ) is pivotable and via further control elements ( 26 . 28 . 29 . 30 ) on the adjustment valve of the hydraulic pump ( 31 ), and b) one between the traction drives ( 33 . 34 ) for the steering movement and a steering valve of the hydraulic pump ( 31 ) arranged second mechanical control device, wherein the traction drives ( 33 . 34 ) on its length in two sections ( 33 ' . 34 ' respectively. 33 '' . 34 '' ), of which the actuation-side sections ( 33 ' . 34 ' ) with a pivotable with the guide rails control member ( 35 ) of the second control device and the valve-side sections ( 33 ' . 34 ' ) with a non-pivoting control member ( 39 ) and the sections of the traction drives by interaction of both control elements ( 33 '' . 34 '' ) are drivingly coupled to perform the steering movement. Work machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the with the traction drives ( 18 . 19 ) connected control element of the first control device by a between Holmfesten inner surfaces linearly guided Verstellschlitten ( 25 ) is formed, which on a vertically arranged in the pivot center control rod ( 26 ) rotatably and on which this and beyond the control rod the traction drives ( 18 . 19 ) are connected for the driving speed. Working machine according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the traction drive intended for forward travel ( 18 ) via the adjustment slide ( 25 ) and over a pulley ( 27 ) to a connection point beyond the control rod ( 26 ) is guided on the adjustment slide. Work machine according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the control rod ( 26 ) with its lower end below the pivoting center with a two-armed horizontal control lever ( 28 ) is fixedly connected at one end to a machine-fixed joint ( 29 ) mounted with a vertical axis and with its other end hinged to the free end of a control lever ( 30 ) for the adjustment valve of the hydraulic pump ( 31 ) cooperates. Work machine according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the joint between the control lever ( 28 ) and the adjusting lever ( 30 ) has radial clearance. Work machine according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the joint between the control lever ( 28 ) and the adjusting lever ( 30 ) has vertical play. Work machine according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the adjustment slide ( 25 ) with one to the axis ( 23 ) of the pivot center concentric slot ( 32 ) on the end of the control rod located above the pivot center ( 26 ) in order to allow a pivoting of the guide rail to about ± 25 ° without changing the direction of travel. Work machine according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the pivoting angle (± 25 °, 180 °) of the guide rails ( 8th . 9 ) are adjustable by means of at least one engaging in bores of the machine frame spring-loaded plug pin, which by means of an actuating member ( 24 ) is raised against the spring force. Work machine according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the deflection roller ( 27 ) is mounted on sturdy walls. Work machine according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the second control device for the steering movement as mitschwenkbares control member rotatable in the pivot center about the pivot axis ring ( 35 ), on which the ends of the actuation-side sections ( 33 ' . 34 ' ) of the traction drives ( 33 . 34 ) are connected approximately diametrically, and as a non-pivoting control member another parallel lower ring ( 39 ), on which the valve-side sections ( 33 '' . 34 '' ) of the traction drives are connected approximately diametrically, has, and that when pivoting the guide rails ( 8th . 9 ) and twisting the upper ring ( 35 ) optionally the actuation-side section ( 33 ' . 34 ' ) of a traction drive ( 33 respectively. 34 ) in alignment with the valve-side section (FIG. 33 '' . 34 '' ) of the other traction drive ( 34 respectively. 33 ) can be brought. Work machine according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the upper ring ( 35 ) over the pivoting movement following drivers ( 36 ) is rotatable while the lower ring ( 39 ) is held against rotation. Work machine according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that both rings ( 35 . 39 ) with its inner diameter on a tubular sleeve ( 45 ), which are provided with a collar ( 46 ) the lower ring ( 39 ) for transmitting the steering paths of the traction drives ( 33 . 34 ). Work machine according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the lower ring ( 39 ) in the neutral steering position on a circular trough ( 47 ) with chamfered peripheral wall ( 48 ) rests. Work machine according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that between the drivers ( 37 ) and the upper ring ( 35 ) sufficient clearance for the event of actuation of the steering device tilting the tube sleeve ( 45 ) with the rings ( 39 . 45 ) is provided. Working machine according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the rings ( 35 . 39 ) have at the mutually facing end faces in each case diametrically arranged recesses and of these to the opposite end faces outgoing bores, and that the ends of the sections ( 33 ' . 34 ' respectively. 33 '' . 34 '' ) of the traction drives ( 33 . 34 ) with nipples in the recesses ( 40 . 41 respectively. 43 . 44 ) are provided.