DE102005063160A1 - Disposal of waste containing vulcanised rubber, comprises thermally breaking down the components and using the heat energy of a vortex bed firing unit - Google Patents

Abstract

A process for disposing of waste containing vulcanised rubber, especially vehicle tyres, comprises thermally breaking down the components, and using the heat energy of a vortex bed firing unit. The material to be disposed of is up to 1500 mm in size and is placed in a reactor (1). The process heat is created in the stationary vortex bed fired unit and is exported to the inside of the reactor. The excess pyrolysis products, eg oil and gas, are converted into electricity and heat. The reactor can be charged continuously or intermittently. The charge unit consists of drum rollers, a slider unit, and a lock unit.

Description

The The invention relates to a method and device for disposal and energetic as well as material use of waste with Components of vulcanised rubber, mainly of vehicle tires and products such as transmission belts, footwear, clothing or equivalent objects with material components that consist of polymer by thermal Decomposition using the heat energy a stationary one Fluidised bed combustion (SWSF).

As already in DE 698 25 311 T2 described, it is an economic problem to dispose of used and unneeded products, especially tires, useful. U. a. is based on the method of destruction with recovery of certain components based on the pyrolysis, such. For example, in EP-A-70789, referenced. Although the efficiency of this process is recognized, the high investment and treatment costs as well as possible air pollution are highlighted as a disadvantage. In U. Forster "environmental protection" (Environmental Encyclopedia), 2nd edition, Berlin 1991 is under the keyword "tire pyrolysis" stated that the waste because of the pollutant content must be specially disposed of, as dioxins and furans in pyrolysis with certainty exclude.

Mention is also the GB 2 026 144 (1979) according to which rubber and plastic waste originating from old tires, coarsely crushed in a fluidized bed sand bed at 800 ° C in the presence of oxygen undergo heat decomposition. At the end of the process, the residues of reinforcing material are separated by means of magnets. Again, this process is considered inefficient in terms of investment, output, complexity, environmental impact or market. Special effort must be made for crushing the old tires. Also, the separation of reinforcing material (metal) from a fluidized bed system is possible only in the off state.

Optimized fluidised bed combustion plants (SWSF) for the disposal and recycling of landfill gas or waste and residual materials are also available in DE 198 59 053 C2 . DE 199 18 927 A1 . DE 199 18 928 and DE 199 39 390 A1 described. However, these plants have no technical equipment to carry out pyrolysis for the disposal of used tires and waste products with vulcanised rubber components.

frequently are also still old tires by burning in rotary kilns Cement industry discarded and used the heat released process related. Again, there is the problem of air pollution and segregation the reinforcing materials without the end product being loaded.

With DE 698 25 311 T2 For example, a process has been proposed in which waste of vulcanized rubber is worked up and disposed of by chemical decomposition. This method is also complex equipment. The waste must be crushed in a first step in pieces of 10 to 25 mm in length. Subsequently, this waste is treated in a reactor for 30 min. At 350 ° C with an OH ion generator, preferably an alkaline base, such as a molten NaOH. After the treated rubber has been separated, the radicals are neutralized by an acid (phosphoric acid). This is followed by the recovery and separation of the components of the rubber and the metals that have served as reinforcement. In addition, chemical residues accumulate, which are to be disposed of as hazardous waste.

In Practice has also shown that in a recovery of individual material components, such as gas, oil, soot (coke) and metal, the supply of individual Components associated with reuse with considerable effort is.

The Invention therefore pursues the aim of disposing of waste vulcanized rubber and polymer waste, as a precaution vehicle tires of all types and sizes and other objects generic material not on the way to a material recovery individual components, but to implement these components primarily energetically, but without a material extraction of individual fractions in the If necessary and in case of excess exclude.

The Process should be based on pyrolysis without a chemical Pre-treatment of the waste take place. In particular, the Conditions of the 17th BImSchV are complied with, d. H. a separate one Aftertreatment of the exhaust gases should not be necessary. Also should no hazardous waste is generated in this process.

This The aim is to work in conjunction with a stationary fluidised bed furnace (SWSF) be achieved. It should be especially car and truck tires up to a diameter of about 1500 mm or waste of the same Material types are destroyed without prior comminution.

The method developed for this purpose and the installation-specific features comprises claim 1 and the device claim 2 together with the details thereof sub-claims.

• – Annahme von Altreifen und artgleichem Abfall (nachfolgend Entsorgungsgut genannt) bis zu einer Stückgröße unter 1500 mm Durchmesser
• – Annahme von Entsorgungsgut mit Stückgröße über 1500 mm Durchmesser und Zerteilen in Stückgrößen unter 1500 mm
• – kontinuierliche oder diskontinuierliche Beschickung des Pyrolysereaktors mit Entsorgungsgut über eine Einlassschleuse oder Beschickungseinrichtung unter Stickstoffeinfluss
• – Beaufschlagung des Reaktorinnenraumes zur thermisch Zersetzung des Entsorgungsgutes mit einer Reaktionstemperatur von 750°C bis 950°C, optimal bei einer Temperatur von in etwa 850°C durch Import der Prozesswärme aus einer Stationären Wirbelschichtfeuerungsanlage (SWSF) bei einer Verweilzeit von mindestens 30 Min. bis maximal 180 Min.
• – Abführen des bei der thermischen Zersetzung entstehenden Pyrolyserohgases und des verdampften leichten und schweren Pyrolyseöles
• – Kondensation des Pyrolyserohgases in einem Wärmeübertrager und Ableiten des kondensierten Pyrolyseöles und des freigesetzten Pyrolysegases
• – Weiterleitung der extrahierten Fraktionen als Brennstoff in ein Blockheizkraftwerk (BHKW) und Verstromung und Wärmeerzeugung oder direkte Zuführung des Pyrolysegases in die SWSF zur Erzeugung der Pyrolyseprozesswärme oder Abgabe der
• – extrahierten Fraktionen zu einer prozessunabhängigen industriellen stofflichen Verwertung
• – Kühlung der Pyrolyserückstände vor dem Abziehen aus dem Pyrolysereaktor durch Wärmeentzug
• – Vorwärmen der Verbrennungsluft für die SWSF mittels der aus dem Pyrolysereaktor entzogenen Wärme
• – Abziehen der Pyrolyserückstände aus dem Pyrolysereaktor in eine mit Stickstoff beaufschlagte Auslassschleuse
• – Ausstoßen der Pyrolyserückstände aus der Auslassschleuse und mechanische Trennung von Prozesskoks/Ruß und der nichtbrennbaren Bestandteile, insbesondere von Metall mittels Magnetabscheider und/oder Rüttelsieb in die Fraktionen Prozesskoks/-Ruß und Metall
• – Zuleiten des Prozesskoks/-Ruß als Primärenergieträger in die SWSF und flammenlose Verbrennung im Inertbett bei 750°C–950°C, optimal bei einer Temperatur in etwa von 850°C
• – Ableitung der Verbrennungswärme durch Wärmeaustausch aus dem Inertbett und Freebord in den Pyrolysereaktor
• – chemische Bindung (Neutralisierung) von SO₂ in den Abgasen der SWSF durch Zugabe von Additiven (gemahlenem Kalkstein) oberhalb des fluidisierten Inertbettes oder im Freeboard erfolgt und die Senkung der CO- und NOx-Emission durch Luftsteuerung der Verbrennungsluft im Bereich von 1 bis 2,5 m/sec vorgenommen wird
• – Auskoppeln der in den Abgasen mittransportierten Wärme
• – Auskoppeln der bei der Kondensation des Pyrolyserohgases entzogenen Wärme
• – Zusammenführung der ausgekoppelten und entzogenen Wärme in Form von Heißdampf und energetische Umsetzung durch Verstromung in einer Turbinen-Generatoranlage oder Abgabe als Heizenergie an dezentrale Wärmeversorgung.

The method according to claim 1 is characterized by the following steps:

• - Acceptance of old tires and similar waste (hereinafter referred to as waste) up to a piece size below 1500 mm in diameter
• - Acceptance of material to be disposed of with a piece size of more than 1500 mm in diameter and cutting into pieces of less than 1500 mm
• Continuous or discontinuous feeding of the pyrolysis reactor with material to be disposed of via an inlet lock or feed device under the influence of nitrogen
• - Actuation of the reactor interior for thermal decomposition of the waste material with a reaction temperature of 750 ° C to 950 ° C, optimally at a temperature of about 850 ° C by importing the process heat from a stationary fluidized bed furnace (SWSF) at a residence time of at least 30 min. up to a maximum of 180 minutes
• - Removal of the resulting during the thermal decomposition Pyrolyserohgases and the vaporized light and heavy pyrolysis oils
• - Condensation of Pyrolyserohgases in a heat exchanger and diverting the condensed pyrolysis oil and the liberated pyrolysis gas
• - Forwarding of the extracted fractions as fuel in a combined heat and power plant (CHP) and power generation and heat generation or direct supply of the pyrolysis gas in the SWSF to generate the pyrolysis process heat or release the
• - extracted fractions to a process-independent industrial recycling
• - Cooling of the pyrolysis residues before removal from the pyrolysis reactor by heat extraction
• Preheating the combustion air for the SWSF by means of the heat extracted from the pyrolysis reactor
• - Removing the pyrolysis residues from the pyrolysis reactor in a pressurized with nitrogen outlet lock
• - Purging the pyrolysis residues from the outlet lock and mechanical separation of process coke / soot and the non-combustible components, in particular of metal by means of magnetic separator and / or vibrating screen in the fractions process coke / carbon black and metal
• - Supplying the process coke / carbon black as a primary energy source into the SWSF and flameless combustion in an inert bed at 750 ° C-950 ° C, optimally at a temperature of approximately 850 ° C
• - Derivation of the heat of combustion by heat exchange from the inert bed and freeboard in the pyrolysis reactor
• - Chemical bonding (neutralization) of SO ₂ in the exhaust gases of the SWSF by adding additives (ground limestone) above the fluidized inert bed or Freeboard done and the reduction of CO and NOx emission by air control of the combustion air in the range of 1 to 2 , 5 m / sec is made
• - Uncoupling of transported in the exhaust gases heat
• - Uncoupling the extracted during the condensation of Pyrolyserohgases heat
• - Combining the decoupled and extracted heat in the form of superheated steam and energetic conversion by power generation in a turbine generator system or delivery as heating energy to decentralized heat supply.

The The process characterized by these features has the crucial Advantage that the used pollutants contaminated waste Completely and be disposed of in an environmentally friendly manner and that in the end, from the disposed of waste highly refined electricity and / or heating energy economic use supplied can be.

in the The end effect remains as a residue used and discharged sand ash from the SWSF and the Pyrolysis process left behind and discarded metal. The sand ash can be tilted safely or used as an additive in the construction industry. The separated metal is fed loose or bales pressed smelting.

Independent of above possibility the pyrolysis gas or pyrolysis oil if necessary and surplus directly a material industrial recycling are supplied. In the same way can proceed with the obtained pyrolysis coke and pyrolysis if the own needs of the SWSF are lower.

The Plant for implementation of the method consists of an energy generator in the form of a stationary fluidized bed combustion (SWSF), which in its vertical axis of a self-contained cylindrical Pyrolysis reactor is penetrated.

At the The upper end of the pyrolysis reactor is outside SWSF a gas-tight inlet lock or a loading device. This device can be used as a rotary valve, rotary valve, drum roller or gout bell be formed.

Below the bottom of the pyrolysis reactor is the gas-tight outlet lock. On the reactor side, this lock is equipped with a combined locking and shearing device. The shearing means is used to remove the metal scrub contained in the pyrolysis residues during stripping to sever.

The outer closure of the outlet lock forms a single or double swing flap or a roller or plate rotary valve.

to Ensuring an oxygen termination is the inlet and outlet lock or loading device charged during charging with nitrogen, which are operatively connected to a nitrogen tank.

Of the Lower section of the pyrolysis reactor forms the cooling zone for the pyrolysis residues. These Zone lies below the active SWSF, and extends from height SWSF nozzle bottom to the barrier and Shearing device in front of the outlet lock. On the outside of the pyrolysis reactor in this functional area is the Air distribution and in front of it an air preheater for the combustion air of SFBC. For better heat exchange can on the outer wall of the reactor cooling fins to be ordered.

The Derivation of Pyrolyserohgases from the pyrolysis reactor is carried out below the inlet lock or feeder. The derivative over a ring line with a finite number of extraction holes for Reactor interior. The above the ring pipe withdrawn Pyrolyserohgas becomes a heat exchanger fed. The heat exchanger has separate Departures to one for the condensed pyrolysis oil and for another the relaxed pyrolysis gas. The fractions extracted in the heat exchanger Pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil be over delivery lines a CHP for electricity generation and heat use or via appropriate leads an entry device into the SWSF or another industrial recycled material. The fractions are introduced into the SWSF via a combined entry device for Gas and oil directly immediately above the nozzle bottom in the inert bed.

The pyrolysis residues removed from the outlet lock become mechanical and magnetic by means of magnetic separator and vibrating screen sorted. The metal is collected, loose or bale pressed to the industry fed. The screened pyrolysis coke and soot is used as a primary energy source for production the process heat spent in the SWSF. As a conveyor can Screw conveyors, Elevators or pneumatic conveyors be used in coupling a storage bunker.

Of the Entry of the high-grade fuel takes place in the lower third the fluidized inert bed of the SWSF. Due to the large number the swirling glowing Inertteilchen that are simultaneously effective Zündträger, the registered Fuel evenly in the inert bed distributed and burned in this way flameless, complete and environmentally friendly.

By a targeted entry of ground lime in the Feeboard or above the fluidized to about 1.8 m inert bed, as is known, a neutralization of the environmentally harmful exhaust gas constituents, in particular of SO _{2 can be} effected. Through a targeted air control can continue to be achieved by regulating the flow velocity of the combustion air between 1 and 2.5 m / sec, a sufficient reduction in CO and NOx emissions. An additional aftertreatment of the waste gases outside the SWSF is therefore not required and the specifications of the 17th BImSchV are complied with.

Of the Using a SWSF to generate process heat offers the particular advantage that all obtained in the pyrolysis pyrolysis for energy production without large plant technical Effort can be used. The entire plant for the disposal of waste tires and similar waste with piece sizes up 1500 mm can be stationary as well as mobile and thus independent of location and used rationally become.

At a circuit diagram should again the inventive structure the combined with a SWSF pyrolysis and the operation for disposal and energetic as well as material use of waste with components of vulcanised rubber, predominantly used tires in the main features being represented. The wiring diagram shows the SWSF with shaft reactor schematically in a longitudinal section.

The pyrolysis unit consists of a closed at the top and bottom shaft reactor 1 which is used to provide the heat of reaction in the middle of a SWSF 2 is installed. The loading side and discharge side protrude above the height of the SWSF 2 out. The charging device consists in this embodiment of a rotary valve 5 with sufficient sealing to the reactor interior 1.1 ,

The old tires 30 and other rubber- and polymer-containing wastes are, if necessary, separated in advance to a maximum piece size of 1500 mm and with the conveyor belt 29 brought to the charging device. The feed is carried out with technical aids such as grapple or a chute in the work area of the feeder with rotary valve 5 , The loading of the shaft reactor 1 takes place continuously during operation or according to the scope of delivery at intervals. In phases of a discontinuous The SWSF 2 kept in the stand-by mode by thermal shutdown to operating temperature and restarted at any time.

During the start and arrival phase of the SWSF 2 is by means of the compressor 34 in the first stage, cold or preheated with external heat combustion air in the quartz sand existing inert bed 3 blown and brought to fluidize. Subsequently, the entry of foreign fuel gases via the pressure-regulating safety device 24 and the entry device 25 for gas and oil in the inertized to about 1.8 m inert bed 3 , To neutralize the sulfur dioxide SO ₂ is via the blowing device 28 above the fluidized inert bed 3 ground lime injected as an additive. Whirling and entrained glowing particles are in the freeboard 4 intercepted by speed reduction and fall into the inert bed 3 back where their complete burnout takes place. In the heat exchanger 12 (Exhaust gas boiler), the heat from the exhaust gases is decoupled and transformed into steam. Parallel in the heat exchanger 11 released heat also transformed into steam and both together a turbine generator block 13 for power generation in the generator 17 fed. In terms of technology, both energy sources can be supplied separately. For example, for power generation or a decentralized heat supply.

Those in the SWSF 2 generated heat is transferred directly via the reactor wall into the shaft reactor 1 transported. At a temperature above 450 ° C, a first, not yet optimal pyrolysis reaction starts in the reactor. In the range of 750 ° C to 950 ° C, a stable and effective pyrolysis reaction is achieved. An average temperature of 850 ° C was found to be optimal for a system-friendly, stable operation.

The liberated during the thermal decomposition pyrolysis gas with the simultaneously vaporized light and heavy oils as a gas mixture (Pyrolyserohgas) via the loop 10 in the upper part of the shaft reactor 1 withdrawn and via an insulated pipe the heat exchanger 11 fed. The cooling of the Pyrolyserohgases in the heat exchanger 11 takes place in the condenser 15 of the turbine generator block 13 gained water condensate, with the feed pump 19 is transported circumferentially. After the phase separation of Pyrolyserohgases in the individual fractions pyrolysis and pyrolysis these are with the feed pumps 20 and 21 primarily as fuel a combined heat and power plant (CHP) 14 fed. The in the CHP 14 with the generator 18 generated electricity and in the heat exchanger 16 released heat (exhaust and cooling water heat), like the condenser heat from the condenser 15 an industrial or municipal recycling provided.

No pyrolysis coke as primary energy source for the SWSF 2 is ready, optionally, the pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil in the SWSF 2 be used as fuel. The reversal takes place by means of the three-way rotary valve 22 and 23 , In the illustration, for example, the pyrolysis gas with the feed pump 20 in the cache 39 and further into the CHP 14 promoted. That of the pump 21 subsidized pyrolysis oil is via the three-way rotary valve 23 and the safety device 24 to the entry device 25 and from this directly into the inert bed 3 the SWSF 2 spent. The activation or shut-off of the supply lines of the fuel (natural gas, city or biogas) for the start-up phase or of pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil including a fuel pressure control takes place in the safety device 24 ,

Next to the entry device 25 For heating the inert bed, it is also conceivable to install an electrical tray heightening.

If there is an excess of pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil in the process, these fractions may, if required, be removed from the buffer tank 39 after activation of the gate valve 40 to the consumer.

The in the shaft reactor 1 introduced old tires 30 and equivalent waste, as already mentioned, thermally decomposed at an average of 850 ° C and a residence time of 30 to 180 min. The outgassed and disintegrated mass sags continuously under the loading load from the actively heated zone in the reactor interior 1.1 down to the cooling zone 1.2 from. In this cooling zone 1.2 the thermal energy contained in the pyrolysis residues is sent directly to the outside of the reactor wall to an air preheater 9 transfer. Here, a heat exchange takes place to that of the compressor 34 Promoted combustion air through the air distributor 41 and nozzle bottom 26 into the inert bed of the SWSF to be fluidized 2 blown. The temperature of the pyrolysis residues is lowered so far that the pyrolysis inevitably ends and self-ignition of the pyrolysis coke is prevented in fresh air contact with certainty. Ie. that the temperature of the pyrolysis residues to be withdrawn should be below 420 ° C.

This process, like the entire pyrolysis process and the generation of process heat in the SWSF 2 control technology and monitored and controlled by electronic data acquisition.

The cooled residues are over the blocking slide 7 in the outlet lock 6 deducted. The fact that complete and only simply divided large old tires are processed with piece sizes of 1500 mm, the residues are burdened with a scrub of wire and other small metal parts. For bottom closure of the shaft reactor 1 this is with a locking and shearing device 7 equipped. When closing the locking and shearing device 7 the metal scrub embedded in the pyrolysis residues is severed and thus a secure closure of the shaft reactor 1 reached. After the closure of the shaft reactor 1 is the residue mass with a roller rotary valve 8th unhindered from the outlet lock 6 applied.

Thus, when removing the residues from the shaft reactor 1 no atmospheric oxygen can penetrate, becomes the outlet lock 6 like the feeder 5 subjected to nitrogen. The residues fall over the funnel 35 on the conveyor belt 31 or a vibratory conveyor. With a magnetic separator 32 the loose metal is sorted out. The rest of the mass falls on a vibrating screen 33 and the trapped metal is released and sorted out. The metal is discharged as loose scrap or bales pressed to the metallurgical industry. The obtained pyrolysis coke and pyrolysis is subsequently as primary

Energy source in the SWSF 2 promoted. This is done by means of the conveyor 37 , preferably an elevator (bucket elevator) in the storage bunker 38 , From here, the fuel can be delivered via the entry device as needed 27 into the fluidized inert bed mass 3 enter, preferably be blown.

With achievement of a stable operating condition of the SWSF 2 can the remaining fuel supply lines via the safety device 24 be closed and the entire system can be driven without external energy, except for water, autonomous and highly effective and efficient.

If there is an excess of pyrolysis and pyrolysis, it may if necessary via the rotary valve 36 be diverted and delivered to the user.

Of the decisive advantage of the system described is that in place of the semi-products pyrolysis, pyrolysis, pyrolysis and pyrolysis oil the economy a highly refined versatile, relatively easy to transport and environmentally friendly product in shape of electricity and / or heat to disposal can be made.

1

shaft reactor

1.1

Reactor interior

1.2

cooling zone

2

Stationary fluidized bed firing (SFBC)

3

inert bed

4

freeboard

5

Feeder / rotary valve

6

outlet lock

7

outsize and shearing means

8th

Rolling vane

9

air preheater

10

loop

11

Heat exchanger

12

Heat exchanger (boiler exhaust gas)

13

Turbine generator block

14

CHP (CHP)

15

capacitor

16

heat exchangers

17

generator

18

generator

19

feed pump

20

feed pump

21

feed pump

22

Three-way rotary valve

23

Three-way rotary valve

24

safety device

25

entry device (for gas and oil)

26

nozzle bottom

27

intake device

28

bubbler

29

conveyor belt

30

used tires

31

conveyor belt

32

Magnetic separator

33

vibrating screen

34

air compressor

35

receiving hopper

36

rotary vane

37

Conveyor

38

storage bunker

39

buffer memory

40

blocking slide

Claims (17)

Process for the disposal and energetic as well as material use of waste with components of vulcanized rubber, mainly of vehicle tires and products such as transmission belts, footwear, clothing or equivalent items with polymer material components (hereinafter referred to as disposal) by thermal decomposition using the heat energy of a Stationary Fluidized Bed Firing (SWSF) ( 2 ), in which the material to be disposed of with pieces sizes up to 1500 mm undivided in a shaft reactor ( 1 ) is thermally decomposed under exclusion of oxygen, the process heat under Use of combustible pyrolysis products as primary energy sources in an SWSF ( 2 ) and directly into the reactor interior ( 1.1 ) of the shaft reactor ( 1 ) is exported and the excess of pyrolysis products, mainly pyrolysis and pyrolysis gas powered by electricity and released in addition to the process heat energy of the overall process in useful energy, namely in electricity and heat and resulting excess pyrolysis and pyrolysis and metal is recycled material. Process according to claim 1, wherein the thermal decomposition (pyrolysis) and the processual utilization of the pyrolysis products of the waste a) in a closable shaft reactor ( 1 b) which is fed continuously or discontinuously c) where the material to be disposed of may have undivided piece sizes of up to 1500 mm d) the feed of the shaft reactor ( 1 ) is carried out under an atmosphere of nitrogen e) the material to be disposed is thermally decomposed at a reaction temperature of 750 ° C to 950 ° C, the optimum temperature being approximately at 850 ° C f) the residence time is 30 min. To 180 min ) the pyrolysis gas produced and the vaporized light and heavy pyrolysis oil withdrawn as a gas mixture and in a heat exchanger ( 11 h) extract the extracted fractions in a combined heat and power plant (CHP) ( 14 ) and converted into heat i) or to generate process heat in the SWSF ( 2 ) are incinerated j) or fed into an industrial recycling process irrespective of process k) the pyrolysis residues before being removed from the shaft reactor ( 1 ) is lowered to a temperature below the ignition temperature of pyrolysis coke l) the extracted heat for preheating the combustion air for the SWSF ( 2 ) is used m) the pyrolysis residues in the absence of oxygen in the presence of nitrogen in an outlet lock ( 6 ) are deducted n) the residues traversed with metal scrub, when closing the shaft reactor ( 1 ), then the residues from the outlet lock ( 6 ) and a magnetic and mechanical separation of the residues in process coke / soot and metal and non-combustible residues p) the process coke and process soot as the primary energy carrier the fluidized inert bed ( 3 ) of the SWSF ( 2 ) q) and flamelessly burned at 750 ° C to 950 ° C r) wherein the inert bed ( 3 ) is fluidized with preheated combustion air to an operating altitude of about 1.8 m s) the heat released during the combustion as process heat from the inert bed ( 3 ) and Freeboard ( 4 ) over the reactor wall into the reactor interior ( 1.1 ) of the shaft reactor ( 1 ) is exported in the exhaust gases of the SWSF ( 2 ) coupled with transferred heat and transformed into steam u) the heat extracted in the extraction of pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil is also converted into steam v) the recovered steam in a turbine generator block ( 13 ) and optionally fed to a decentralized heat utilization w) the heat from the condenser ( 15 ) and the cooling and waste heat of the CHP ( 14 ) being provided singly or collectively as useful heat x) squeezing and marketing the rejected metal loosely or in bales y) continuous chemical bonding (neutralization) of SO ₂ in the SWSF waste gases by adding ground additives (limestone) above the fluidized inert bed ( 3 ) and the reduction of NOx emission by air staging of the combustion air (primary air) in the range of 0.9 to 2.5 m / s, the characterizing features of the method, the sections with the letters a, b, c, d, fg , i, k, l, m, n, p, s and u. Means for carrying out the method according to claim 1, namely for the disposal and energetic as well as material use of waste with components of vulcanized rubber, mainly of vehicle tires and products such as transmission belts, footwear, clothing or equivalent items with material components of polymer by thermal decomposition using the Heat energy of a stationary fluidized bed furnace (SWSF), characterized by a, in a SWSF ( 2 ), lockable shaft reactor ( 1 ), the SWSF ( 2 ) projected on both sides in the vertical axis, wherein at the upper end of the shaft a gas-tight inlet lock or a charging device (rotary valve ( 5 )) is arranged and the shaft bottom of a barrier and shear device ( 7 ) and that behind this device is an outlet lock ( 6 ) with an outer closure (roller slide ( 8th )) and that both locks ( 5 . 6 ) are connected to a nitrogen tank for admission with nitrogen and that the lower part of the reactor interior ( 1.1 ) as a cooling zone ( 1.2 ) is formed for the residues of the pyrolysis and that on the outside of the shaft reactor ( 1 ) in the area of action of the cooling zone ( 1.2 ) an air preheater ( 9 ) is provided for preheating the combustion air and that the cooling zone ( 1.2 ) below the sphere of action of the inert bed ( 3 ) of the SWSF ( 2 ) and that in the upper part of the shaft reactor ( 2 ) a trigger (ring bus ( 10 )) is located for the pyrolysis gas and the pyrolysis oil vapors, which with a heat exchanger ( 11 ) is operatively connected and that the heat exchanger ( 11 ) for the extracted pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas has separate outlets, which with a CHP ( 14 ) and in front of the CHP ( 14 ) Connecting cable to the entry device ( 25 ) for gas and oil burners in the SWSF ( 2 ) and a buffer memory ( 39 ) are provided with a disposal for the material delivery of gas and oil to industrial customers and that for receiving and sorting the pyrolysis residues a magnetic and mechanical sorting device ( 32 . 33 ) and that between the sorting device ( 32 . 33 ) and the SWSF ( 2 ) a conveyor ( 37 ) with storage ( 38 ) is arranged for the extracted pyrolysis coke and Pyrolyseruß, and that the storage memory ( 38 ) for fuel supply with an entry device ( 27 ) in the SWSF ( 2 ) and that the inlet device ( 28 ) for additives above the fluidized inert bed ( 3 ) and in the exhaust pipe of the SWSF ( 2 ) a heat exchanger (exhaust gas boiler) ( 12 ) is provided and that the heat exchanger ( 12 ) and heat exchanger ( 11 ) with a turbine generator system ( 13 ) or optionally coupled to a decentralized heat supply device and that the capacitor ( 15 ) and the heat exchanger ( 16 ) of the CHP ( 14 ) are interconnected to heat to decentralized heat supply facilities. Device for carrying out the method according to claim 3, characterized in that the charging device as a rotary valve, rotary valve ( 5 ), Drum rolls or gout bell is formed. Device for carrying out the method according to claim 3, characterized in that as a closure of the outlet lock ( 6 ) a gate valve, hinged flaps or roller rotary valve ( 8th ) are provided. Device for carrying out the method according to claim 3, characterized in that the heat exchanger ( 11 ) has separate outlets for the extracted pyrolysis oil and the pyrolysis gas. Device for carrying out the method according to claim 3, characterized in that for the diversion of pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil as fuel for the SWSF ( 2 ) in front of the CHP ( 14 ) Three way rotary valve ( 22 . 23 ) are arranged. Device for carrying out the method according to claim 3, characterized in that in front of the CHP ( 14 ) a buffer memory ( 39 ) with diversion of pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil for industrial recycling with gate valve ( 40 ) is arranged. Device for carrying out the method according to claim 3, characterized in that the mechanical and magnetic sorting device comprises a magnetic separator ( 32 ) and a vibrating screen ( 33 ). Device for carrying out the method according to claim 3, characterized in that the transport of the pyrolysis coke and soot by means of an elevator (bucket elevator), one or more screw conveyors or a pneumatic conveyor he follows. Device for carrying out the method according to claim 3, characterized in that the entry device ( 27 ) in the SWSF ( 2 ) in the region of the inert bed ( 3 ) is arranged at rest. Device for carrying out the method according to claim 3, characterized in that for the material delivery of pyrolysis coke and carbon black between the sorting device ( 32 . 33 ) and the storage memory ( 38 ) a branch with rotary valve ( 38 ) is arranged. Device for carrying out the method according to claim 3, characterized in that the supply of the pyrolysis gas or pyrolysis oil and foreign fuel gas directly above the nozzle bottom ( 26 ) in the inert bed ( 3 ) of the SWSF ( 2 ) he follows. Device for carrying out the method according to claim 3, characterized in that in front of the entry device ( 25 ) a safety, switching and pressure regulating device ( 24 ) is arranged. Means for carrying out the method according to claim 3, characterized in that for the entry of the additives, a blowing device ( 28 ) above the fluidized inert bed ( 3 ) or in the freeboard ( 4 ) is arranged. Device for carrying out the method according to claim 3, characterized in that the shaft reactor in the region of the cooling zone ( 1.2 ) carries cooling fins on the outside. Device for carrying out the method according to claim 3, characterized in that the SWSF ( 2 ) next to the entry device ( 25 ) is provided for preheating the Inertbettes an electric shell heater.