DE102005060034A1 - Lens, or lens array, for reducing multiple reflections (etalon effect) in laser system uses specified formula for dimensioning curvature radii and spacing of two lens surfaces - Google Patents

Lens, or lens array, for reducing multiple reflections (etalon effect) in laser system uses specified formula for dimensioning curvature radii and spacing of two lens surfaces Download PDF

Info

Publication number
DE102005060034A1
DE102005060034A1 DE200510060034 DE102005060034A DE102005060034A1 DE 102005060034 A1 DE102005060034 A1 DE 102005060034A1 DE 200510060034 DE200510060034 DE 200510060034 DE 102005060034 A DE102005060034 A DE 102005060034A DE 102005060034 A1 DE102005060034 A1 DE 102005060034A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
lens
spacing
dimensioning
laser system
multiple reflections
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE200510060034
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Pawel Kluczynski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to DE200510060034 priority Critical patent/DE102005060034A1/en
Publication of DE102005060034A1 publication Critical patent/DE102005060034A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00Simple or compound lenses
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/08Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof

Abstract

Curvature radii (R1,2) and spacing (d) of two lens surfaces (1,2) are dimensioned by specified formula, i.e. larger than 1 or less than zero. Both lens surfaces lie next to each other on optical axis (3).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Linse oder eine Anordnung von Linsen für ein Lasersystem.The The invention relates to a lens or an array of lenses for a laser system.

In Lasersystemen kann es zu unerwünschten Mehrfachreflexionen zwischen den einander im Strahlengang gegenüberliegenden Oberflächen von optischen Bauelementen, wie z. B. Fenstern oder Linsen, kommen. Solche Etalon-Effekte führen zu Interferenzmustern, was insbesondere in laserbasierten Messsystemen, wie Laserspektrometern, zu erheblichen Störungen der Messung führt.In Laser systems can be undesirable Multiple reflections between each other in the beam path opposite surfaces of optical components, such. As windows or lenses, come. Such etalon effects result interference patterns, especially in laser-based measurement systems, As laser spectrometers, leads to significant disturbances of the measurement.

Zur Vermeidung dieser Probleme ist es bekannt, die Anzahl der optischen Oberflächen im Strahlengang möglichst gering zu halten, die Oberflächen optisch zu vergüten und/oder parallele Oberflächen zu vermeiden. Letzteres lässt sich durch keilförmige Ausbildung von Fenstern oder durch Neigung von optischen Bauelementen gegenüber dem Strahlengang erreichen ( US 5 539 577 , US 5 832 153 ).To avoid these problems, it is known to keep the number of optical surfaces in the beam path as low as possible, optically reward the surfaces and / or to avoid parallel surfaces. The latter can be achieved by wedge-shaped design of windows or by tilting of optical components with respect to the beam path ( US 5 539 577 . US 5,832,153 ).

Es ist bekannt, dass aus zwei gegenüberliegenden Hohlspiegeln bestehende optische Resonatoren dann optisch stabil sind, wenn für den Abstand d und die Krümmungsradien R1 und R2 der Hohlspiegel die nachstehend angegebene Beziehung erfüllt ist (www.fz-rossendorf.de/FWL/palaver/seidel/talk 0603.pdf, Seite 3 von 18): 0 ≤ (1 – d/R1)·(1 – d/R2) ≤ 1. It is known that optical resonators consisting of two opposing hollow mirrors are optically stable if the relationship given below for the distance d and the radii of curvature R1 and R2 of the concave mirrors is fulfilled (www.fz-rossendorf.de/FWL/palaver/seidel / talk 0603.pdf, page 3 of 18): 0≤ (1-d / R1) · (1-d / R2) ≤1.

Die vorliegende Erfindung, wie sie in dem einzigen Anspruch definiert ist, nutzt diese Beziehung aus, indem Linsen oder Anordnungen von Linsen für Lasersysteme derart ausgebildet sind, dass das oben angegebene Stabilitätskriterium in Bezug auf die Linsenoberflächen gerade nicht erfüllt wird. Dies gilt für die beiden Oberflächen einer oder jeder einzelnen Linse, kann aber in gleicher Weise auch für die einander gegenüberliegenden Oberflächen jeweils benachbarter Linsen gelten. Dadurch werden in einfachster Weise Mehrfachreflexionen zwischen den Linsenoberflächen verringert.The present invention as defined in the single claim is, exploits this relationship by using lenses or arrangements of Lenses for Laser systems are designed such that the above-mentioned stability criterion with respect to the lens surfaces just not fulfilled becomes. This applies to the two surfaces one or each individual lens, but can also in the same way for the opposite each other surfaces each adjacent lenses apply. This will be the simplest As a result, multiple reflections between the lens surfaces are reduced.

1 zeigt ein Beispiel für eine solche konkavkonvexe Linse, deren beiden Oberflächen 1 und 2 die Krümmungsradien R1 und R2 aufweisen und auf der optischen Achse 3 im Abstand d zueinander liegen. Für R1 = –37,18, R2 = +20,17 und d = 25 (die Größen sind hier der Einfachheit halber dimensionslos) erhält man (1 – d/R1)·(1 – d/R2) = –0,4;d. h., die Oberflächen 1 und 2 bilden einen optisch instabilen Resonator. Gegenbeispiel: Bei R2 = +28,40 und ansonsten unveränderten Werten für R1 und d erhält man das Ergebnis +0,2; d. h., die Oberflächen 1 und 2 würden dann einen optisch stabilen Resonator bilden. 1 shows an example of such a concavo-convex lens, the two surfaces 1 and 2 have the radii of curvature R1 and R2 and on the optical axis 3 at a distance d to each other. For R1 = -37.18, R2 = +20.17 and d = 25 (the sizes are dimensionless here for the sake of simplicity) (1-d / R1) · (1-d / R2) = -0.4; ie, the surfaces 1 and 2 form an optically unstable resonator. Counterexample: For R2 = +28.40 and otherwise unchanged values for R1 and d, the result is +0.2; ie, the surfaces 1 and 2 would then form an optically stable resonator.

2 zeigt die Beziehung (1 – d/R1)·(1 – d/R2) = g1·g2in grafischer Darstellung, wobei die Bereiche optischer Instabilität außerhalb der durch Rasterung gekennzeichneten Bereiche liegen. Die in den unterschiedlichen Bereichen zur Veranschaulichung eingetragenen Kombinationen von konvexen und konkaven Linsenoberflächen und ihre Abstände sind nur beispielhaft zu verstehen und geben nicht alle Kombinationsmöglichkeiten wieder. So kann, wie das oben angegebene Rechenbeispiel zeigt, eine konkavkonvexe Linse je nach Dimensionierung einen optisch stabilen oder instabilen Resonator bilden. 2 shows the relationship (1-d / R1) * (1-d / R2) = g1 * g2 in a graphical representation, with the areas of optical instability lying outside the areas marked by screening. The combinations of convex and concave lens surfaces registered in the different areas for illustration and their distances are only to be understood as examples and do not represent all possible combinations. Thus, as the calculation example given above shows, a concave-convex lens can form an optically stable or unstable resonator depending on the dimensioning.

Die erfindungsgemäße Dimensionierungsvorschrift
(1 – d/R1)·(1 – d/R2) größer 1 oder kleiner 0
kann äquivalent auch wie folgt ausgedrückt werden:
[d > R1 + R2]
ODER
[(d > Rx UND d < Ry), wenn (Rx > 0 UND Ry > 0)]
ODER
[d > Rx, wenn (Rx > 0 UND Ry < 0)]
mit (x, y) = (1, 2) oder (2, 1).
The dimensioning rule according to the invention
(1 - d / R1) · (1 - d / R2) greater than or equal to 0
can be equivalently expressed as follows:
[d> R1 + R2]
OR
[(d> Rx AND d <Ry), if (Rx> 0 AND Ry> 0)]
OR
[d> Rx, if (Rx> 0 AND Ry <0)]
with (x, y) = (1, 2) or (2, 1).

Claims (1)

Linse oder Anordnung von Linsen für ein Lasersystem, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Krümmungsradien R1 und R2 und der Abstand d zweier auf einer optischen Achse (3) nebeneinander liegender Linsenoberflächen (1, 2) nach folgender Vorschrift dimensioniert sind: (1 – d/R1)·(1 – d/R2) größer 1 oder kleiner 0.Lens or arrangement of lenses for a laser system, characterized in that the radii of curvature R1 and R2 and the distance d of two on an optical axis ( 3 ) of juxtaposed lens surfaces ( 1 . 2 ) are dimensioned according to the following rule: (1 - d / R1) · (1 - d / R2) greater than or equal to 0.
DE200510060034 2005-12-15 2005-12-15 Lens, or lens array, for reducing multiple reflections (etalon effect) in laser system uses specified formula for dimensioning curvature radii and spacing of two lens surfaces Ceased DE102005060034A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200510060034 DE102005060034A1 (en) 2005-12-15 2005-12-15 Lens, or lens array, for reducing multiple reflections (etalon effect) in laser system uses specified formula for dimensioning curvature radii and spacing of two lens surfaces

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200510060034 DE102005060034A1 (en) 2005-12-15 2005-12-15 Lens, or lens array, for reducing multiple reflections (etalon effect) in laser system uses specified formula for dimensioning curvature radii and spacing of two lens surfaces

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE102005060034A1 true DE102005060034A1 (en) 2006-11-16

Family

ID=37295540

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE200510060034 Ceased DE102005060034A1 (en) 2005-12-15 2005-12-15 Lens, or lens array, for reducing multiple reflections (etalon effect) in laser system uses specified formula for dimensioning curvature radii and spacing of two lens surfaces

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102005060034A1 (en)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4961622A (en) * 1988-02-25 1990-10-09 University Of Houston - University Park Optical coupler and refractive lamp
US5345336A (en) * 1989-11-09 1994-09-06 Omron Tateisi Electronics Co. Micro aspherical lens and fabricating method therefor and optical device
US5956182A (en) * 1996-08-07 1999-09-21 Nikon Corporation Projection optical system
US20040052286A1 (en) * 2002-09-17 2004-03-18 Masayuki Momiuchi Semiconductor laser device
DE102004010907A1 (en) * 2003-03-06 2004-09-16 Denso Corp., Kariya Optical device with microlens arrangement, and method for its production
US20050219493A1 (en) * 2002-07-03 2005-10-06 Yoshitada Oshida Illuminating method, exposing method, and device for therefor

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4961622A (en) * 1988-02-25 1990-10-09 University Of Houston - University Park Optical coupler and refractive lamp
US5345336A (en) * 1989-11-09 1994-09-06 Omron Tateisi Electronics Co. Micro aspherical lens and fabricating method therefor and optical device
US5956182A (en) * 1996-08-07 1999-09-21 Nikon Corporation Projection optical system
US20050219493A1 (en) * 2002-07-03 2005-10-06 Yoshitada Oshida Illuminating method, exposing method, and device for therefor
US20040052286A1 (en) * 2002-09-17 2004-03-18 Masayuki Momiuchi Semiconductor laser device
DE102004010907A1 (en) * 2003-03-06 2004-09-16 Denso Corp., Kariya Optical device with microlens arrangement, and method for its production

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
SPEER, Ernst: Physik für Mädchen. Stuttgart: Ernst Klett Verlag, 1956 *

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE2740733B2 (en) Miniaturized, photographic wide-angle lens with a large relative aperture
DE3206600A1 (en) FIXING STRUCTURE FOR FIXING OPTICAL FIBERS AND LENSES OF THE GRADIENT TYPE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SUCH A FIXING STRUCTURE AND DEVICE WITH SUCH A FIXING STRUCTURE
DE2613347A1 (en) LASER GENERATOR
DE2629504C3 (en) Inverted telephoto type wide angle lens
WO2006072260A1 (en) Beam splitter arrangement
DE4133738C2 (en)
DE2441294C2 (en) Varifocal lens
DE102005060034A1 (en) Lens, or lens array, for reducing multiple reflections (etalon effect) in laser system uses specified formula for dimensioning curvature radii and spacing of two lens surfaces
DE2529754A1 (en) WIDE-ANGLE LENS OF THE TYPE OF INVERTED TELE LENSES
DE3213149C2 (en) Optical system for changing the position of the image
DE2217192C3 (en) Distance lens
DE2614371A1 (en) WIDE ANGLE PHOTOGRAPHIC LENS
DE2718896B2 (en) Achromatic microscope objective made of three lens sections
DE2825642C2 (en) Inverted telephoto type wide angle lens
DE3410617C2 (en) Varifocal lens consisting of four lens groups
DE2557462C3 (en) Wide angle lens
DE3247954C2 (en)
DE3443322C1 (en) Self-supporting aiming mark, especially for optical aiming devices
DE3917158C2 (en)
DE3010307C2 (en) Optical system for a discussion microscope
DE1647001A1 (en) Bright lens with changeable focal length
DE2657958A1 (en) MICROSCOPE LENS WITH LOW MAGNIFICATION
DE2546602C3 (en) Microscope objective for overview images
DE2814303C2 (en) Five-element microscope objective, ten times magnification
DE4042542C2 (en) Varifocal lens for a compact camera

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
OAV Applicant agreed to the publication of the unexamined application as to paragraph 31 lit. 2 z1
OP8 Request for examination as to paragraph 44 patent law
8131 Rejection