DE102004043193A1 - Single- or multi-layer textile with a fireproof elastic coating on both sides and an interwoven lattice of heat- and-or flame-proof material, used for production of bellows structures, e.g. to connect articulated vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

Single- or multi-layered (preferably 2-layered) textile (T1) with a fireproof elastic coating on both sides, in which at least one layer (2, 3) shows a lattice structure (7) of high temperature-resistant and/or flameproof material (I). Independent claims are also included for (1) a coated textile as above (T2) in which a material (II) forming a lattice structure (30) is applied to at least one textile layer, this material being able to form channels to the hottest zone by expansion on heating (2) folded or corrugated bellows containing this textile .

Description

The The present invention relates to a monolayer or multilayer, preferably two-ply textile, with the textile on both sides with a flame-resistant elastic coating is provided.

Under A textile is in the following a knitted fabric, knitted fabric, fleece or also understood a fabric, if not on a specific type of textile Reference is made.

such single or multi-layer textile with a coating, for example from a flame-resistant or flame-resistant synthetic rubber or from a corresponding thermoplastic are known and preferably found as a material for wrinkles or corrugated bellows as Part of a transition between two articulated vehicles use.

such Single or multi-ply textiles are used in particular as a wrinkle or bellows stressed dynamically. That is, such Materials need be highly elastic in the long term. However, these textiles do not just have to be high be claimable, but also high for security reasons flame-resistant. In that sense, must they will be able to perform flame tests according to BS 6853 or pr EN 45545-2 Stand up.

Flame tests according to BS 6853 or pr EN 45545-2 Part 2 have now revealed the following:
A known textile consists of one or more polyester fabric layers, for example, have a coating of silicone rubber as a synthetic rubber. It should be noted that even with a more particularly two-ply tissue between the fabric layers, a layer of silicone rubber is present. Polyester is preferably used as textile fabric layer insofar as a polyester fabric is very flexible. Silicone rubber has the advantage that it is resistant to high temperatures and is therefore flame-resistant to a certain extent.

Becomes now exposing such a coated fabric to a flame front, then it burns first Textile made of, for example, the polyester fabric not. Indeed begins the polyester fabric between the coating of silicone rubber because polyester has a lower melting point than silicone rubber having. This produces gases. These gases cause the formation the bubbles. As long as the bubbles do not burst, the spreads Flame on the coated textile also not further.

bursts however, the bubble, then the polyester starts due to the supply to burn from oxygen. Then there is a danger that spread the flames, that is, continue hiking on the coated textile.

Of Further, it has been observed that under heat dissolves the coating of the fabric layer over a large area; that is, the coating itself quasi peels off the example tissue layer. Now get in the resulting Room oxygen, then there is a danger that the fire in the Textile layer continues to burn, without this from the outside immediately is recognizable. This means, it is not exactly apparent where exactly in such a case the flame front is located.

insofar The object of the invention, on the one hand, to prevent the resulting Bubbles burst, and to prevent others from being under heat effect the coating folds off or splits off the fabric.

Around a burst of bubbles or a splitting of coating and textile layer of the coated textile is prevented According to the invention according to a first variant proposed that the at least one textile Location a lattice structure of high-melting and / or flame-resistant Having material, which is preferably incorporated in the lattice structure is. The grid structure made of high-melting or flame-resistant material prevented by its integration into the high temperature resistant or flame-retardant coating that, in particular, the layers from each other to solve, it therefore to a "unfolding" under heat comes. Because by the flameproof material, eg. As threads from Carbon, metal, aramid or glass fibers remain the link between the coatings intact, even if the textile layer, z. Polyester, even if it is flame-resistant polyester, already burned or melted.

But even if the grid structure only on the textile layer rests, so only in conjunction with the coating, in particular Made of silicone rubber, stands, finds an improvement in the fire properties instead of. Because the grid structure holds the Silicone rubber coating also during the decomposition process of the silicone rubber under heat longer intact and thus prevents the bursting of bubbles or even that Folding down the coating. The grid structure is similar to one Net on the textile layer.

The following is under a high-melting, flame-resistant or high-temperature resistant material understood as one that loses its ability to transfer forces only at high temperature. This can mean that the material z. B. is high melting.

To a special feature of the first variant is that in the textile incorporated grating structure formed such that under the effect of heat between the coating and the textile channels towards the zone highest Heat of the single-layered or multi-layered textiles that form when burned To dissipate the resulting gas gases in the direction of the zone of highest heat. By the formation of such channels creates a so-called pyrolysis gas line; this pyrolysis gas line causes that when melting the textile layer or the textile layers Resulting gases through such a pyrolysis gas in Direction can be deduced to the flame front. That is, it will be the due to the melting of the textile layer resulting gas pressure by discharging the gases in the direction of the zone of highest heat, so for example the Flame front, mined. In this respect, the risk is reduced that resulting bubbles burst or it is further reduced the risk that the coating dissolves from the textile, so that efficiently a Propagation of flames by this measure at least one certain period is prevented.

to Achieving such a channel formation is according to a first embodiment proposed that the at least one textile layer has a lattice structure from incorporated into the textile layer high temperature resistant or flameproof material, eg. As aramid or carbon threads having. Advantageous is the grid structure made such that between the individual grating elements form the channels in two spatial directions can. This means, no matter where the textile layer, for example, a flame front is exposed form immediately adjacent to this zone highest thermal stress channels through which the gases produced during melting of the textile towards the zone highest Warmth, So z. B. the flame front dissipated can be.

The Textile can here - like already mentioned - a knitted fabric, Knitted fabric or a fleece, but also prefers a fabric be. In particular, in a tissue is provided that the grid structure by each spaced warp and / or weft threads is formed high-temperature-resistant or flame-resistant threads, with the textile situation in connection. In detail here is provided that the high-temperature-resistant or flame-resistant warp and weft threads only with every mth weft and nth warp thread in the textile Fabric layer are tied. Here, n can be equal to m or even unequal m be. It is only important that not every weft and each warp thread is tied off by each weft and warp thread of the fabric is, but that by not tied places the possibility the channeling opened becomes.

comparable also applies to a knitted fabric, knitted fabric or a fleece, especially as well there weft or warp threads can be incorporated from appropriate material with.

To Another feature of the invention is particularly in a two-ply textile between the two layers a layer of flame-resistant provided elastic material. This layer represents in particular an insulation to the adjacent textile, wherein the intermediate layer may be formed of the same material as the coating on the outer surfaces of the textile layers. In particular, it is provided in this connection that the intermediate layer is formed porous to the insulating effect to increase.

As mentioned elsewhere, In particular, polyester has a much lower melting point as z. As the decomposition temperature of silicone rubber as a coating material, even if a polyester is used, the first at higher temperatures melts. It means that when exposed to heat Polyester much earlier begins to melt, as the coating of silicone rubber decomposes. To create the lattice structure has already been point out that for this purpose high-temperature or flame-resistant Materials are used, such as. B. carbon fiber threads (carbon), Glass fiber yarns Aramid or metal threads. By this produced with the flame-resistant materials lattice structure should - as already explained - achieved be that pyrolysis gas channels for the derivation of the melting of the z. B. polyester textile resulting gases form. Elsewhere it has already been mentioned that a so-called folding down the coating of the textile layer is to be prevented. Also for this serves the grid structure. Through the lattice structure made of flame-resistant threads z. B. the previously mentioned aramid or carbon fiber filaments, as Part of a fabric in the form of warp and / or weft threads is a connection between the two outer coatings in one single-layer fabric or a connection between outer coating and inner Achieved coating in a multi-layer fabric, with the connection of the two layer surfaces by z. B. aramid or carbon fiber filaments just the aforementioned large-scale unfolding or splitting off is prevented.

This is because threads of aramid or carbon fibers (carbon) are much higher temperature stable, as z. B. the textile layer of polyester. The connection between the outer coating and the inner coating when using a multilayer textile is particularly stable under heat, especially when the high-temperature resistant material, so for example a carbon or aramid is mainly involved in the outer coating of the multi-layer textile.

A Another, second variant is characterized by the fact that the Lattice structure forming material on the at least one textile Layer is applied, the material by swelling under heat is capable of channels highest to the zone To form heat. As material here z. As expanded graphite or aluminum trihydrate or a combination of both. That means, that the materials forming the lattice structure are exposed to heat decompose and / or ausgasend are formed, as for example with expandable graphite or aluminum trihydrate is the case.

To Yet another feature is provided that the grid structure on which at least one textile layer is printed. Also in this embodiment In particular, it is provided that the material on the outer coating facing side of a two- or multi-ply textile printed is to the previously described folding or unfolding of coating and textile location.

In Reference to both variants is according to a further feature of the invention provided that the at least one textile layer within the Lattice structure is perforated, so that the coatings of the textile Location or locations are directly connected. As already executed elsewhere, is the coating z. B. of silicone rubber up to essential higher Temperatures resistant, as z. B. from the coating enclosed textile layer for example, polyester. Through the perforation of the textile layer or the layers will now have a stable connection between them the textile layer reaches adjacent coatings. This works not only supportive in the prevention of blistering, but also in the folding of the Coating of the textile layer.

In this context, it should be noted that the coating, both inside and outside, for example, from high-melting or flame-resistant or temperature-resistant synthetic rubber, such. As EPDM, CSM, silicone rubber or fluororubber or but from high-melting or flame-resistant thermoplastic materials, such as PU and PVC. The textile layer may be formed of polyester, polyamide, viscose, etc.,
With reference to the drawings, the invention will be explained in more detail by way of example.

1a shows a two-ply textile for the fabric with outer and inner coating (1st variant);

1b shows the formation of the fabric layer with warp and weft in a plan view (1st variant);

1c shows by way of example the formation of the pyrolysis gas channels under the action of a flame front (1st variant);

2a shows a single-layer textile fabric with a coating on both sides (1st variant);

2 B shows a textile fabric with applied grid structure made of flame-resistant threads;

3a also shows a single-layer textile fabric in section (1st variant);

3b shows the textile fabric layer in a plan view (1st variant);

4 shows the textile fabric layer in a plan view with printed grid structure of refractory material (2nd variant).

The total with 1 designated coated textile comprises the two fabric layers 2 and 3 , Between the two layers of fabric there is a so-called intermediate layer 4 made of a similar, comparable or even the same material, eg. As silicone rubber, is formed, as the two outer layers 5 on both sides of the respective fabric layer 2 and 3 ,

The respective fabric layer 2 . 3 is in the plan view in the 1b shown. Here, the fabric layer consists of, for example, a polyester fabric 6 , characterized by the black threads, in which a lattice structure of high temperature resistant Kevlar or aramid threads 7 woven in. Essential here is that the threads 7 Kevlar only on every sixth weft 6a and every fifth warp 6b the fabric of polyester are tied off. This results in the possibility of channeling both in the direction of the arrow 10 as well as in the direction of the arrow 20 ,

Essential in the formation of the textile fabric layer according to the 1a respectively. 1b is that the threads 7 made of flame-resistant material predominantly in the respective outer coating 5 turned are bound. This serves, as already explained in the introduction to the introduction, to prevent the coating from being unfolded from the textile layer. Because even if the textile fabric layer z. B. of polyester threads is already melted, this does not yet apply to z. B. Kevlar threads and not for the coating z. B. of silicone rubber.

1c shows such channeling in the direction of the arrow 20 ,

2a shows a single-ply textile fabric 2 with a lattice structure of high-temperature or flame-resistant threads 7 according to the textile fabric layer 2 out 1a ; This textile fabric layer is also covered by a two-sided coating 5 made of flame-resistant elastic material.

2 B shows in this context a single-layer fabric 2 with only applied grid structures made of flame-resistant threads, which rests like a net on the textile or fabric. This textile is then coated on two sides.

Another binding of a textile fabric layer results from the 3a and 3b ; because here, too, only every fifth thread 7 made of carbon fibers or aramid is tied by the polyester fabric, there is also the possibility of channeling according to the arrows 10 and 20 according to 3b ,

4 (2nd variant) shows a tissue 6 , z. As polyester, wherein on this fabric made of polyester a lattice structure 30 made of refractory material such as expanded graphite or aluminum trihydrate is printed. These materials act decomposing or outgassing under the action of heat and thus form channels through which the gases produced during melting of the polyester fabric can be dissipated, similar to a pyrolysis gas line.

How out 4 furthermore recognizable, the tissue is perforated in the area of the grid (arrow 40 ). In this area is in a single-layer fabric z. B. the outer coating directly connected to the other outer coating. This prevents on the one hand in addition the blistering or the bursting of bubbles and moreover also the folding down of the coating from the tissue. At this point it should be noted that such a perforation of the textile layer or the textile layers not only in the embodiment according to 4 can be done with a printed grid structure of refractory material, but also in the embodiments according to the 1 to 3 in which high-temperature-resistant threads are woven into a fabric in the manner of a lattice structure.

As explained earlier, are in a fabric as a textile layer with incorporated high-temperature or flame-resistant warp and / or weft threads these threads with woven. The high temperature resistant threads z. B. aramid, have a completely different elongation behavior to polyester threads. at the production of such a polyester fabric with threads Aramid in the form of a lattice structure are the voltage differences compressed between the thread types by both threads on different warp beams wound up are, so on an upper and a lower chain. Would only a warp beam for both types of thread would be used it comes to so-called "postponements".

Claims (19)

Single or multi-ply, preferably two-ply textile, wherein the textile is provided on both sides with a flame-resistant elastic coating, characterized in that the at least one textile layer ( 2 . 3 ) a lattice structure ( 7 ) made of high temperature resistant and / or flame-resistant material. Single or multi-ply, preferably two-ply textile according to claim 1, characterized in that the lattice structure ( 2 ) in the textile layer ( 2 . 3 ) is incorporated Single or multi-ply, preferably two-ply textile according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lattice structure is formed such that under the action of heat between the coating ( 5 ) and the textile ( 2 ) Channels, preferably in two spatial directions (arrow 10 . 20 ) in the direction of the zone of highest heat of the single or multi-ply textile, in order to dissipate the gases produced during the combustion of the textile in the direction of the zone of highest heat. Single or multi-ply, preferably two-ply textile according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that in a fabric, the lattice structure by each spaced warp and / or weft threads ( 7 ) is formed of high-temperature resistant or flame-resistant threads, which with the textile layer ( 6 ) keep in touch. Single or multi-ply, preferably two-ply textile according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the high-temperature or flame-resistant warp and weft threads ( 7 ) only with every mth weft and nth warp thread in the textile fabric layer ( 6 ) are tied. Single or multilayer, preferably zweilagi Textile according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the high temperature resistant or flameproof materials ( 7 ) z. B. of carbon fibers, glass fibers, metal filaments or aramid are formed. Single or multi-ply, preferably two-ply textile according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that in a two-ply textile ( 2 . 3 ) between the two layers one layer ( 4 ) (Intermediate layer) is provided from high-melting or flame-resistant elastic material. Single or multi-ply, preferably two-ply textile according to claim 7, characterized in that the intermediate layer ( 4 ) has the same material as the coating ( 5 ) on the outer surfaces of the textile layers. Single or multi-ply, preferably two-ply textile according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the intermediate layer is porous ( 4 ) is trained. Single or multi-ply, preferably two-ply textile according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flame-resistant or high-temperature resistant material predominantly in the outer coating ( 5 ) of a two- or multi-ply textile is involved. Single or multi-ply, preferably two-ply textile, wherein the textile is provided on both sides with a flame-resistant elastic coating, characterized in that a lattice structure ( 30 ) forming material is applied to the at least one textile layer, wherein the material is by swelling under the action of heat able to form channels to the zone of highest heat. Single or multi-ply, preferably two-ply textile according to claim 11, characterized in that the lattice structure ( 30 ) is printed on the at least one textile layer. Single or multi-ply, preferably two-ply textile according to claim 10 and / or claim 12, characterized in that the lattice structure ( 30 ) forming material under heat decomposition and / or outgassing is formed. Single or multi-ply, preferably two-ply textile according to one or more of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the material on the outer coating side facing a two- or multi-ply textile ( 2 . 3 ) is applied. Single or multi-ply, preferably two-ply textile according to one or more of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the at least one textile layer ( 2 . 3 ) is perforated within the grid structure so that the coatings ( 4 . 5 ) of the textile layer or layers are directly connected. Single or multi-ply, preferably two-ply textile according to one or more of the preceding claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the coating ( 5 ) of synthetic rubber, such as. As EPDM, CSM, silicone rubber or fluororubber. Single or multi-ply, preferably two-ply textile according to one or more of the preceding claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the coating ( 5 ) made of thermoplastic materials, such. B. PU, PVC. Single or multi-ply, preferably two-ply textile according to one or more of the preceding claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the textile layer ( 6 ) consists of polyester, polyamide, viscose, etc. Bellows or bellows, marked by, a Textile according to one or more of the preceding claims 1 to 18.