DE102004034611A1 - Manufacturing system for high-efficiency electric coils and windings for electrical machines has two posts about which coil windings are folded to make U-shape - Google Patents

Abstract

During the manufacturing process, a coil (3b) is folded from a flat plane (3a), into a U-shape. The folding takes place around two rods (10) placed in a frame. The ends of the coil are swung upward (12) away from the plane by application of force (5), while the center of the coil remains resting on the plane in the coil folding device (11). There are side limiting components (8).

Description

The The invention relates to electrical two-pole coils or windings with such coils for rotating electrical machinery used for energy conversion between mechanical and electrical energy are used and the coils are bent or folded on average transversely to the direction of movement, that they are at least at one point of an axle or shaft approach the electrical machine.

These Coils or windings can inserted in grooves of a sheet iron package or as air coils with a conclusion are in contact or freely movable as air coils relative to Be field.

in this connection they are open or closed two-pole coils, the used separately or within a coil with other coils being, being a two-pole closed coil with several turns hereinafter referred to as a single coil. Bipolar coils are coils that are simultaneously in the area of effect of both magnetic Poles are, in contrast to a toroidal coil (coil, for example, a Ring winding). Or in other words, they are coils whose Coil sides offset in the direction of movement to each other, wherein the coil sides by winding conductor or predominantly ineffective conductor, or in the case of ladders, are directly connected to a coil.

The Coil sides of these coils are in the case of air coils of a Field of opposite polarity penetrated or in the case of inserted in grooves coil sides coupled with a field of opposite polarity and ultimately in the detour over the iron is also permeated by this.

These coils are known in various forms from EP99 08683, wherein no manufacturing method for folded coils has been specified. A folded coil manufacturing method is for a disc-shaped motor DE 26 50 510 known. This manufacturing method is that the coils in a plane ( 3c . 4c in DE 26 50 510 ) around a diamond-shaped body ( 3b . 4b ) are wrapped in conventional form and then folded around a narrow edge xx. Two problems occur in this folding:
The first problem is that a flat coil that is folded creates a straight fold edge xx of the coil ( 3b ), so that the turns of the coils in the outer circumference of the coil have different distances to an inner covered disc of a rotating machine. This is in 3a and 4a indicated by the triangular winding sections in the peripheral region.

These unfavorably large distances for the energy conversion result in high copper losses, since this winding part runs outside the air gap. On the other hand, the peripheral portion of the coil can not in the EP99 8683 in 3 . 4 . 5 indicated manner be used by additional magnets in the peripheral region, since the air gap in the peripheral area would be too large and thus uneconomical.

The second problem of this folding was in DE 26 50 510 not addressed or shown. Such a fold has the property that the middle slice 9 in 1 from DE 26 50 510 nearby turns have a shorter turn length than those opposite the window 9 outside. Will the coil in the in 3c . 4c wrapped winding manner, the windings are wound the same length, so that during the folding a strong shift of the winding layers would occur against each other, which leads to a shift of the outer Windungslagen against the inner winding layers of near-axis region to the peripheral region, the displacement in the near-axis Area has the greatest impact. In addition, the coil bundle would expand in the direction of air gap, if the coil layers were previously meshed with each other wound (normal case), since the teeth of mutually wound coil layers must push past each other during the folding and jump, especially in the region close to the axis of the teeth. This leads to a widening of the coil bundle in the air gap direction and to a widening of the coil bundle as a whole, so that a larger air gap is the result and stronger magnets are required for the air gap induction to be achieved.

One Another (third) problem still comes especially with air coils added. In conventional Winding method, the coil is wound on a dome, with the Coil start inside the coil and the coil output outside this. In order to connect the coil with other coils must be the internal conductor the entire coil bundle cross, which would lengthen the air gap by one conductor diameter. Therefore becomes conventional Disc machines the near-axis region of the coils recessed to to enable the conductor crossing here. As a result, the region of the coil close to the axis acts as an effective conductor for energy conversion lost and copper losses rise. That is how it should be found Manufacturing process high efficiency of the coil and the electrical Promote machine.

Out DE 26 50 510 only a DC winding is known, in which the coils are arranged in a single-layer winding next to each other over the circumference of the circle. For this winding, the installation is relatively simple, since the individual coils can be made separately and then individually slipped over the disc. However, the area utilization of the machine and the magnets with coils in this machine is very small, so that a manufacturing method is also sought, which allows the use of windings, which have a better area utilization.

From EP99 086 83 further construction forms and types of winding are known for which no manufacturing process has yet been specified, in particular for coils which overlap each other, as in 12 . 13 . 14 . 15 the patent application, but also for bell-shaped versions of 22 . 23 or for magnetic rotor the 24 . 25 as well as for flat coils that are produced by etching, punching, milling.

The The object of the invention is to provide manufacturing methods that a production and / or assembly of the coils and / or windings of rotating electrical machines with one or two of themselves Approaching axis or shaft Coil area for the known construction forms and winding scheme allows. The invented coil production should be at least one of the two solve the problems of folding and the other (third) Problem of conductor crossing for solve the trainings, so that the respective manufacturing method coils and windings of Produces machines that have a high proportion of effective, highly efficient Have ladder and that in the case of single coils, this a compact coil bundle with high filling factor at least in further developments, the individual coils have their conductor and leader removal in the peripheral region of the coil bundle should have.

Also are for the construction forms and winding types for rotating electrical machines from EP99 086 83 for which has not yet been specified a manufacturing method was a production method to find.

Also are manufacturing methods for To find winding types that can be used on machines with high machine areas and Magnetic surface utilization to lead. Also for a rotating field winding with such high land use is a production method to find.

A first solution of the object is achieved by a production method having the features of claim 1, is in 1 - 49 . 112 is shown and achieved for a single coil through the winding on a winding body and / or winding mandrel with subsequent bending and / or folding of the coil, with their later peripheral portion of the coil connected coil legs, in the later direction of movement (of the rotor) of the machine to a in Wickelachsrichtung seen general U- or V-shaped coil with two axis or shaft approaching U- or V-shaped coil areas.

Of the The advantage here is that the coil initially in a simple manner, similar to the conventional winding, can be wrapped in a plane and when folding, though no preventive measures were hit, the coils are visible only in the peripheral area move against each other. In the near-axis region, the coil bundle remains in preserved in its compact form. This is the second problem of Problem solved and also a production method with a simple wrapping method found.

A second solution of the object is achieved by a manufacturing method having the features of claim 2, is in 50 - 59 represented and is achieved by the winding of the coil as a single coil on a winding body and / or winding mandrel with subsequent bending and / or folding of the coil transverse to the later direction of movement (of the rotor) of the machine, to a, seen in the later axial direction, general U or V-shaped coil with at least one of the axis or shaft approaching coil region, wherein the transverse to the later movement direction coil layers in the direction of axis of the winding body or winding mandrel offset from one another, with different winding position to Windungslage increasing winding length, wound and / or in the later movement direction to be distinguished coil layers are wound so that opposite the winding axis inner coil layers experience an extension of the winding length relative to the respective next outer winding layer. With this manufacturing method, the first and second problem of folding the task is solved, resulting in a high copper utilization in the coil.

A third solution of the object is achieved by a manufacturing method having the features of claim 5, is in 60 represented and is achieved by the winding of the coil as a single coil on a winding mandrel or bobbin, wherein the coil substantially in layers gewi from inside to outside is wrapped and adjacent successively wound turns of a layer in different separate receiving areas for turns (coil receiving areas) are wound, which are seen in section bounded by a frame, wherein the frame preferably only in later approaching the axis or shaft area and / or is located in the later folding area of the coil and the turns of the next coil layer are distributed to the same coil receiving areas, so that the turns of different coil layers in the respective receiving area of the turns over each other come to rest, and the frames are removed between the turns after the winding and the turns to a coil bundle are pushed together, and preferably only then the coil is bent or folded into the final shape.

This third solution of the problem has the advantage that the turns of adjacent coil receiving areas can be wound by this method in a simple manner against each other, such as 60-1 . 1a . 2a . 1c . 2c demonstrate. Also, a shift of internal turns in winding axis direction with the intention of increasing the turn length of internal turns with respect to outer, is easy to realize how 60-2 . 1b . 2 B demonstrate. The slides are limited in 61-3 only on the later peripheral and near-axis areas of the coil, so that in the winding after each winding turn simply the Windungsaufnahmebereich can be changed, as in 60-1 1b . 1c will be shown. In connection with the twelfth solution of the problem, the cyclic winding, the transition is limited to a small transition region Ü in which slides have a slot through which the conductors pass from one turn receiving area to the other.

Thus, the first and the second problem of the problem is solved here. Also, that the coil input A 'and coil output A "is located in the peripheral region of the coil bundle is easily realized by the technique of the separate coil receiving portions, such as 61 . 1a . 1b . 1c show and solved the third problem of the task. The folding of the coil out 60-3 is in accordance with the method in 55 performed. The direction of the slide and thus the shaping of the coil is different in other developments of the in 60 arranged training shown.

A fourth solution of the object is achieved by a manufacturing method having the features of claim 6, is in 79 to 84 is shown, and is carried out in which the winding is carried out on a mandrel having two coil receiving areas for the winding ready, the boundary wall is interrupted at least at a point for the passage of the continuous conductor, and the winding of the coils in both coil receiving portions initially from the inside out in the opposite direction with uninterrupted wire. Thereafter, the boundary wall between the resulting partial coils is removed and the partial coils are collapsed (pushed) in the first coil receiving area and this first overall coil is separated from the now empty second coil receiving area as before. In the second coil receiving area, a further partial coil is now wound from outside to inside with the aid of hooks and / or slides engaging in the coil space, after which the new partial coil is spatially added to the remaining already existing first overall coil to form a new overall coil, and in this again empty , Separated second coil receiving area is now another part coil wound from the inside out and then combined to form the new overall coil, etc.

In a variant, there are more than two coil receiving areas, each of which is delimited from one another by a separating slide. The sub-coils are wound in each coil receiving area separately in succession with a continuous wire in the manner described, except that the sub-coils only at the very end, when the separating slide between the coil receiving areas (similar to the 60 ) have been removed, pushed together into a coil bundle or pressed.

This manufacturing method in its two variants is used in conjunction with winding bodies, which wind the coil either in a plane and are thus constructed similar to those in 1 . 2 . 60 . 50 . 57 or immediately wrap the bobbin in the bent or folded final shape.

Advantage of this method is that a coil can be easily machined, which allows a shift of the coil layers to each other in any desired direction, similar to in 60 the winding receiving areas. In addition, a simple production of a layerwise left-handed and right-handed spiral winding preferably circular-cyclic winding is possible, which also has its coil input and coil output in the peripheral region of the coil bundle. Thus, the three problems of the problem are solved.

A fifth solution of the object is achieved by a production method with the characteristics of Pa tentanspruches 24, is in 64 - 72 . 3 . 13 . 14 . 20 . 21 . 27 . 28 . 37 . 38 . 40 . 41 . 46 . 47 . 51 . 53 . 54 . 57 . 60-1 , And is achieved by the winding of the coil as a single coil on a winding mandrel or bobbin, wherein at least in the existing or later folding area and / or in the near-axis region of the coil in the coil bundle region sliding and / or holding devices are mounted, the one layerwise preferably left - / right-handed preferably circular cyclic winding, which is alternately wound from the inside of the coil to the outside and from the outside of the coil to the coil interior, control and are preferably operated by a motor.

advantage This manufacturing process is that the coils are in the range later near the axis and / or later Circumference area easily wound with offset of the winding layers to each other can be and a winding of the coil from outside to inside is possible. This triggers the first and second problem of the task. The first hereby realizable alternating left-right wrapping method with continuous Wire allows the solution the third problem of the task.

A sixth solution of the object is achieved by a manufacturing method having the features of claim 35 and is characterized by the use of printed, stamped, etched or milled conductors, the 85 - 92 , which are in disk form in two axis or shaft approximating regions and which are either electrically connected by peripheral riveting, welding, bolting, soldering or the like directly or via interconnecting conductors, or conductive or conductor-wise around the peripheral region of the central magnetic body be bent or folded at least once and then electrically connected directly or via a collector in at least one near-axis region with a conductor of another coil or coil layer, or in the peripheral region by flexible conductor layers, preferably without interruption to the conductor approaching the axis or shaft connect, are connected.

The specified manufacturing methods allow a production of a highly dynamic servo motor with punched, etched or milled, curved or folded flat coils with a coil rotor. In addition, that allows Manufacturing process with a very high effective conductor share lowest mass, highest Power weight and performance volume. It solves the first and second problem the task and leaves the third problem does not arise first.

A seventh solution of the object is achieved by a manufacturing method having the features of claim 43 and is incorporated in the 93 to 116 shown. It takes place by wrapping or assembling the winding with the coils over the central magnetic body and at least partially enclosing it, and by distance generating means a distance in the direction of movement of the rotation of the electric machine between adjacent and / or successively wound coils, in the peripheral region the winding is generated.

In connection with the winding principle of the winding instructions of 94 . 96 and 101 . 102 the distance of the successively wound coils in the peripheral region has the advantage that the coils extend in two layers at least in the peripheral region of the disk regions of the coils and thus in this region a short air gap length is possible which requires little magnetic volume in order to achieve the necessary air gap induction ( 97 . 99 ). In the folding area of the coil even a single-layer coil layer is possible ( 100b ), which means low copper losses, since large arcs of the otherwise outer coil layer omitted. In addition, this coil region according to EP99 086 83, 3 . 5 be used highly efficiently by an assignment with magnetic poles. This manufacturing process solves all the problems of the task. The coil has a large self-cooling, because it has a large Kühloberfläche due to their sieve-like structure, the sieve also allows additional passage of coolant.

Even with windings composed of individual coils ( 112 - 116 ), the distance between the coils in the peripheral region of great benefit. Here it has the advantage that the coils, in the magnetic area of the machine 112 , can run in one layer, which keeps the air gap length low and the coil in the highly effective peripheral region according to EP99 086 83, 3 . 5 can be used fully and thus the effective conductor portion of the coil is very large. Also, a cooling of the coil through the gaps between the coil legs in the peripheral region is now possible.

An eighth solution of the object is achieved by a production method with the features of claim 46, is in 105 is shown and is wound in the form of a DC winding as a wave or loop winding with coils that are offset by one winding step with respect to each other and thereby overlap each other, achieved in that the winding takes place around an inner magnetic body of the machine, which is mounted during the winding eccentric to the winding and is rotated with its largest radius in the place of the peripheral area to be wound and on this directly or via an intermediate cylindrical body or frame supported by the central magnetic body during winding.

The eccentric rotation of the central magnetic body at The winding has the advantage of having spacers that make up the winding at a distance from the centered center magnetic body omitted and as a result, the winding in the peripheral area in the manner of a spool of thread can be wound, with successive turns directly be placed next to each other in the peripheral area. At a mission a hollow cylindrical frame can be made this thin-walled, because he does not have to carry the pulling power of the winding alone in consequence the support through the middle magnetic body.

A ninth solution of the object is achieved by a manufacturing method having the features of claim 48 and is incorporated in the 93 . 93a . 103 . 103b . 103b-1 . 103b-2 . 108 . 108a . 109 . 110 . 110a . 111 is shown and carried out in which the winding via a frame or is assembled over this, wherein the frame surrounds the inner magnetic body at least in the peripheral region and between the frame in the peripheral region, which here has the shape of a hollow cylinder, and the peripheral portion of the inner magnetic body Spacers are introduced, which keep the frame evenly spaced from the central body and which are at least partially removed after the winding and solidification of the coil.

This has the advantage of winding or assembling the winding made of individual coils including the central magnetic body can and a uniform mechanical air gap Ensuring to him in the axial and radial directions is what the construction the machine allows and guarantees high efficiency and additionally stabilizes the winding as a whole becomes. For a direct winding will at least be the first two problems solved the task.

A tenth solution of the problem is achieved by a manufacturing method having the features of claim 52 and is in 103b-1 . 105 . 106 . 107 . 110 shown.

in this connection is it that the middle magnetic body during the Winding is divided axially and axially by twice the mechanical air gap length is pushed apart and in the peripheral area a hollow cylindrical body the middle magnetic body surrounds at least in the circumference, wherein the hollow cylindrical body the Height of middle magnetic body plus has double mechanical air gap length and either through Insert of spacers, the position of the hollow cylinder to the two Disk parts of the inner magnetic body is fixed and preferably Also, the distance between the two disc parts to each other by this Spacer is fixed or the hollow cylinder or the middle magnetic bodies themselves or parts of them act as spacers.

The advantage of the tenth solution of the problem is that all three problems of the problem are solved and, moreover, a solution has been found for the production of windings, which include the middle magnetic body during the winding, and which can be realized in a simple manner and no frame is needed for the winding in the radially extending air gap, and thus the air gap length of the air gap sections 36 ' . 36 '' is short.

An eleventh solution ( 3 ) The object is achieved by a manufacturing method with the features of claim 21 , is in 61 - 63 is shown and achieved by the winding of the coil as a single coil on a winding body and / or winding mandrel with subsequent bending and / or folding of the coil transverse to the later direction of movement of the machine, to a generally U- or V-shaped coil with at least one the axis or shaft approximate coil region, wherein the coil is first bent or folded about a straight folding edge and is then placed on a rotationally symmetric folding body, which has the contour of the central magnetic body, plus the mechanical air gap length of the electric machine. On the peripheral portion of the winding, a radially applied force F is now exerted, which presses the conductor bundle of the coil with its inner Windungslage completely to the core of the folding body, the windings, the further they are outside (in the direction of movement of the electric machine) in the coil bundle, be pushed radially over a longer distance. This substantially radial displacement can be done freely or be targeted by attached frame. Thus, you can Coil limbs may be bounded on four sides by frames. As a result, the displacement of the windings continues into the region close to the axis, where windings which were previously adjacent are pushed apart from one another.

This Manufacturing process has the advantage that coils are initially in conventional Wrapped in a plane and then folded. The resulting first problem of the task is here solved by that for the energy conversion useless conductor sections in the peripheral area predominantly in the near-axis area or even in the neighboring area Circumference area are moved, where they then the energy conversion are directly useful and the efficiency of the winding and the overall machine increase.

A twelfth solution of the object is achieved by a production method having the features of claim 58 and is known in 73 to 78 shown.

It is that the coil is a single coil, which on a winding body ( 1 ), wherein the sub-coils are wound in layers alternately from inside the coil to the outside and then from the outside of the coil to the inside of the coil, the partial coils being wound in a circular-cyclic manner.

The essence of a cyclic winding is in 73 shown, wherein the type of winding and the name for this are first mentioned here, is that each coil layer is single-layered and spiral in principle, with the particularity that each individual turn with respect to turns of the adjacent coil layer at a relatively constant distance from a coil center runs here, so not spirally, in the sense of a continuous approach the coil center approaches, but the turn just before it reaches its starting point again, in a narrow transition area Ü, the comparative distance to turns of the adjacent coil position with respect to the coil center changes ,

This happens in which the winding its course after reaching the transition area Ü easily kinks and on an adjacent winding path of the same coil position changes, leaving the leader at the end of the transition area the next Swirl, in the new, changed by one winding step Distance, begins. The same procedure will continue until the Winding has reached its coil center or the inner coil edge, where it is then connected to another coil layer.

A total coil is formed by a plurality of such circular cyclic partial coils whose transitional areas Ü are congruent to one another. In this transitional region Ü, the conductors of adjacent winding layers intersect and in the remaining predominant part of the winding length, the turns of adjacent coil layers preferably interlock with one another and then run uniformly next to one another. Thus, the characteristic continuous approach of the conductor of a single-layered conventional spiral coil to a coil center in a cyclic wound coil is not completed, but the approach is accomplished exclusively in a small transition region Ü, as it were viewed at a small angle of the 360 ° circular angle from the coil center. This is in 72 - 1 illustrated.

The circular cyclic winding can be done with a flat coil or in a bent or folded coil. Should a curved or folded circular-cyclic coil arise, the first in a Plane is to be wound, the winding lengths are measured, that the turns after the bending or folding circularly into each other grab or lie to each other.

Of the The advantage here is that the coil layers in a simple manner in the predominant Part, about 90% of the spool, interlocked with each other and with the exception of the transitional area, without crossings, can be wound and thus a high copper filling factor the coil in the air gap and a short air gap length can be achieved.

To the main claim and the ancillary claims invented manufacturing process the most important further developments are described in the subclaims, like here in more detail Wise.

A development of the first (first basic variant), second, third and fourth solution of the task, as in 1 . 2 . 5 . 6 is shown in claim 7 and is that in the winding axis adjacent coil layers offset later in the circumferential area and each have a longer turn length from turn to turn, this extension compensates for the different bending radii in the bending or folding, so that in the peripheral area after the folding 5 one As compact as possible coil bundle arises, which has a substantially uniform distance from the axis of rotation of the machine and / or the inner magnetic body. The advantage of this development is in connection with the first, second, third and fourth solution to the problem that the coil has a uniform coil bundle in the peripheral area after folding, since the different winding lengths were taken into account before the folding in the winding. Thus, the first problem of folding in the task is solved.

In a development of the first (first basic variant), second, third, fourth solution of the problem, specified in claim 55, is in 1a - 1d . 50a - 5d Partially shown and the core of the bobbin is not as in 1 . 13 . 20 . 27 . 37 . 40 . 43 . 46 indicates a body having a narrow and rectangular cross-sectional area, but has a rectangular, hexagonal, round, oval, elliptical, diamond-shaped cross-sectional area. The advantage is that thereby manufacturing methods for the coils of the design forms specified in EP99 08683, such as drum windings, spherical, biconical or elliptical windings are realized with bilateral U- or V-shaped axis approach.

The Variation of the basic body around which the coil or winding is wound or folded applies also for the manufacturing process of the fifth to the twelfth solution the task, so not just double-disc windings here are shown mainly by way of example, with the production method according to the invention could be realized but also: drum-disc windings, which are drum windings with itself, in section along As seen from the axis, approaching the axis or shaft at right angles Winding parts, and drum cone windings, these are drum windings with itself, in longitudinal section seen from the axis, oblique approaching the axis or shaft Winding parts, and double truncated cone windings, these are windings which are longitudinal, in section Seen on the axis, on both sides of the peripheral area obliquely the axis or wave approaching, and bell-pulley windings, which are drum windings, in section along the Axis seen, with one-sided to the axis or wave at right angles approaching Winding parts, and bell-cone windings, which are drum windings, in section along Seen the axis, with one side approaching the axis or shaft obliquely Winding parts, and ball windings, these are windings which, in section along Seen on the axis, on both sides of the peripheral area of the circular Approaching axis or shaft, and elliptical windings, these are windings which, on average along the Seen axis, on both sides of the peripheral area elliptical axis or wave approaching and these windings have either disc or drum-shaped appearance.

A second development of the first (first basic variant) and second solution of the problem is specified in claim 14 and is in the 6 to 12 ( 34 - 36 . 54 . 70 - 71 . 79 - 84 ). It refers to the process of winding the bobbin. The 6 - 12 show the winding space (coil receiving portion) of the winding body seen in cross-section once for the later near-axis areas (in the figures below) and once for the later peripheral region of the coil (in the figures above). Here are various Bewicklungsstrategien specified that allow a more or less orderly winding with different copper fill factor and in which as in 6b - 12b preferably the coil start A 'and the coil end A''on one side, the outside, the later coil lie, which avoids unnecessary crossing of the entire coil bundle through the coil end A''.

A development in this regard is given in claim 15 and in 6 - 12 shown.

Another development in this regard is specified in claim 26 and in 34 - 36 . 60 - 1 . 70 - 80 shown.

The winding of the 6 . 7 . 8th . 9 . 11 . 12 requires the ladder guide sliding and / or holding devices, similar to those in 3 . 14 . 21 . 47 . 51 . 52 . 53 . 54 are indicated.

In the 6 - 9 The windings are wound in columns, the windings are exactly above each other in columns. This has the advantage that the width of the coil bundle in the folding direction in the folding remains unchanged, since the turns of the columns can easily slide past each other.

An advantageous development of the second development of the first basic variant is the coils of the 7 . 8th . 9 each to be wound as a circular cyclic coil (the twelfth solution of the task) and to lay the transition area in the later near-axis conductor area. So can the ladder later in scope range to move easily against each other in the bending or folding. (no figure) In a variant, the winding technique of 6 in a circular-cyclic winding, the additional advantage that the widening of the coil bundle, by the crossing of the coil in the transition region, in the plane of the air gap, so that the coil bundle in the air gap direction is uniformly thick. (no figure)

In another variant is the application of a cyclic Winding with interlocked winding layers of advantage, wherein the coil bundle in the peripheral areas in the bending or folding of the coil in Air gap plane, by the displacement of the winding arcs against each other in air gap plane, expands. (no figure)

In another variant, this widening of a toothed coil bundle is anticipated by a bending or folding of the coil in this area and the conductors in the later peripheral region can thus easily slide past one another in the bending or folding. In this method, the cyclic winding in conjunction with the 6 - 9 . 12 applied advantageous in which the coil layers in the later axis close to the area ( 6a - 9a . 12a ) are wound into each other (similarly arranged, as in 12b ) and in the peripheral area in a later direction of movement a little fanned out in columns is wound (similar, as in 6a - 9a . 12a ). The transition region Ü of the cyclic winding is placed in the later region close to the axis. (no figure)

In In a further development, the windings are individual in their length thereby by the use of sliders, hook or stair gates exactly according to the length in the finished bent or folded coil, so that the turns when bent or folded into an ideal cyclic wound final shape slide the coil with interleaved winding layers. (none figure)

10 - 11 shows a winding instructions of windings which are partially wound wild. This solves the second problem of the task.

Another special feature shows the training of 12 in which the coil bundle interlocked on the one hand, so with a high filling factor, is wound and on the other hand, the increasing different winding length is achieved in part by the bending radii of the windings between later near-axis region and later peripheral region. During folding, the coil bundle expands in the direction of folding, since the toothed turns must slide past each other.

In another embodiment, not shown, the toothed winding of 12 similar to the wrapping instructions in 6 wound in columns, the columns are slightly oblique in the later peripheral region and extend at right angles to the winding axis in the later near-axis region. The windings are preferably wound cyclically. (no figure) A third development is the second basic variant of the first solution of the problem. It is specified in claim 8 and is in the 13 to 36 shown.

Here, the compensation of the winding length is not done as in the first development only by radial displacement to each other, but seen by simultaneous displacement both in the radial and in the axial direction, in section along the winding axis, but strictly speaking, a twisting each turn to their own pivot point 13 in the fixed coil bundle area. This will be in 36 shown for the thirty-seventh turn.

This fixation takes place either in the later Achsnahen area, such as 14 . 21 . 28 shows, or in one of the later peripheral areas of the coil instead of what was not shown, but that of the fixation 21 and 28 is very similar, the fanning starts already in the lower, later peripheral region and not in the middle in the later axis close range, as in 21 . 28 ,

The advantage of this manufacturing method is that the coils can be individually sized in length so that after bending or folding of the coil, they have their ideal place in the coil bundle of the coil 3b taking.

The specified in claim 13 fixing the coil bundle in a cross section or over a longer ladder length gives orderly compression in folding an ordered starting point and above In addition, overall hold in the handling of the coil.

The different fixation of the turns in the coil bundle and their different winding lengths lead to different radii around the turns with respect to the fixed point, on average along the axis, to be twisted. This leads in the fanned out state to groups of turns that differ from the turns, such as

16 . 23 . 30 demonstrate. These different groups require sliding and / or holding devices. They allow winding on sliding and holding devices. This can be done in different ways, which is the content of the following three developments.

In a development of the first to fifth solution of the problem, in claim 10,17,24,25,26,28,29,30,31,32,33 is indicated, are on the winding body one or both sides of the Coil leg mounted sliding and / or holding devices, its slide, holder, slide / holder or hook-shaped slider / holder or similar are slidable in the coil receiving area and preferably operated by a motor and preferably in the later peripheral area or near-axis region of the coil still to be folded or in the peripheral region or near-axis region of the immediately to be wound in the final form coil be attached.

Of the Advantage of the use of such sliding and / or holding device is that the winding are performed by them ordered can and they allow Compliance with the exact winding lengths, turns and turns Winding position and the winding from the coil inside to the outside and from the outside of the coil Inside.

The first embodiment in this regard is specified in claim 11 and in 13 - 19 shown. Here, on both sides of the coil bundle sliding / holding devices are mounted, which are operated by motor (M5-M6 and M7, M8), with one-sided slide / holder same cross-section 16 . 17 , H1-H11 and opposite slide / holder of different cross section 18 , S1-S5 are attached. The turns are first bent over the suitable for the respective bending radius of the winding slider / holder S1-S5 ( 16 ) and then placed on the provided holder H1-H11, which is extended for a winding diameter by a motor.

A special feature here is that the fixation of the compact coil bundle is done centrally in the later near-axis region and thereby both later peripheral regions are initially wound fanned out. The subsequent folding on a folding body similar to that of 4 . 5 is in 15 shown.

A second embodiment in this regard is in 20 - 26 represented here, on both sides of the coil bundle sliding / holding devices are mounted. An advantage here is to be seen in that only a later peripheral area is wound fanned out and the coil bundle is compactly fixed to the middle of the coil. This results in the winding groups in a different formation in 23 as in 16 the previous training.

A special feature that can also be applied to other developments with two - sided slide / holders is in 24 see and is that the sliders S1-S5 are slotted centrally like a dovetail at the end, with the holder H1-H11 in the slot 16 can move in, so that the holder H1-H11 not necessarily as a slide / holder must be performed, but also can stand firm. The design of the 14 to 20 is in this point of continuing education in the 20 to 26 in the advantage that there the coils no matter in which position they are wound, hold themselves without additional devices on the holders H1-H11, since the position of the holder occupies an angle over 90 ° to the winding course of the coil in the region near the axis. A special feature of the further education of the 13 - 19 and 20 - 26 is that the holder in 17 and 26 are not forming, but turns with different bending radii, which by bending over the shaping slide in 18 . 24 only hold on to one point of the leader in the position.

In a third embodiment in this regard of 27 - 33 , which is specified in claim 12, is the peculiarity that the windings are wound directly and on fixed holder with a uniform bending radius and eliminates the opposite slide / holder of the other developments. As a result, the individual turns are at a greater distance to the winding axis, as in 20 . 21 , whereupon the holder at an angle greater than 90 ° to the radial coil of the 28 can lie and the turns thus in any position of the winding axis or the coil, can be held by the holders without additional help in position, without these slip from the holder, as is the case 23 could be the case for some winding axis. The finished coil of the 28 is then preferably removed from the holder and starting on a folding device from already compact coil bundle area, similar to in 5 Bounded on both sides in the axial direction towards the still fanned second peripheral region pressed. In this way, the windings automatically take their ideal position in the second peripheral area and adjust their initially uniform bending radii on the smallest bending radius building on.

In 15 . 22 . 29 . 42 . 45 Various devices for folding the coil bundle can be seen in the later rotation plane.

The folding device of 22 and 29 is divided into three parts, with two parts are connected by a hinge or the like rotatable to each other. The folding then happens in the marked steps.

A fourth development is specified in the third basic version of the first solution of the problem in claim 9,16,17 and is in the 37 to 49 shown. Also in this development, the goal is to get a total compact coil bundle with high effective conductor share and to consider the bending radius in the winding before bending or folding.

The later peripheral regions of the winding are wound into a compact coil bundle and the later axis near region (no figure) or the two later near-axis regions of the winding turn for winding in winding axis direction V- or U-shaped to each other either in the same direction ( 38 . 41 . 44 . 47 ) or spatially fanned out (no figure, but similar to the 34 - 36 Claim 8) wound around winding posts or holders.

The peculiarity of the first embodiment in this regard 37 - 39 is that the unfolded bobbin is wound without toothing, whereby the winding layers can be wound around the same winding posts in the later near-axis region, so that much space between the few winding posts is available. This is at the toothed winding of the 44 not the case, since here every second winding layer used differently placed winding posts, so that in the same space, as in 38 twice as much winding posts are placed. Wherein the coil of the third embodiment in this respect of 43 - 45 has a higher fill factor.

Around more space for To create winding posts or between groups of fanned ladder areas, is in an embodiment not shown in only one later close to the axis Area the turns against each other V- or U-shaped shifted or fanned out (claim 9) and the other later near the axis The area becomes a compact coil bundle running straight between later Wrapped peripheral areas. After the completion of the winding the winding posts are removed and the two achsnahen areas moved approximately congruent V- or U-shaped, which is preferable on the folding body directly during the folding process happens.

The same high filling factor of the coil is also achieved in the fourth embodiment in this regard and is content of claim 17 and is in 46 - 49 shown. There motor-driven sliding and / or holding devices are placed in the winding area of the coil, which allows a targeted layer-wise toothed winding with exact winding length. Compliance with the exact winding length is for the in 47 coil area shown by the interaction of the motors M19, M22, M23 around the slide the winding is placed in exact length to be subsequently held by the slide / holder of the motors M20, M21 in position, if on the other side of the bobbin to the slider the motors M22, M23, M26 the second coil part is placed.

The coils are laid in layers in the V-shaped coil area from right to left (coil 1 . 48 ) and then from left to right (coil 2 . 49 wrapped).

With the coil winding from right to left, the turns of shorter length are inserted into the predetermined turns of greater length ( 48 ).

In the case of the coil winding from left to right, the turns of greater length are slid over the turns of lesser length and then deposited in the coil plane provided for this purpose ( 49 ) etc.

advantage This configuration is the waiver of winding posts to the the turns have to be inserted which is awkward and in the range of larger winding lengths of the Spool for lack of space for small coils is difficult to realize.

A second embodiment in this regard is in 41 can be seen and described in claim 18, in which the groove-shaped coil receiving area in the later peripheral region of the coil at an angle, here 19 °, with respect to the winding axis is executed tilted. This has the advantage over the straight execution of 38 . 47 in that the conductors in the winding do not run out of this coil receiving region at such an angle, so that the axial force component which wants to bring the winding out of position during the winding is small. This has the advantage, in particular in connection with a toothed winding, whose development is specified in claim 20 and the 44 shows that it is possible to dispense with slide or holder, since the toothing sufficiently holds the turns in position during the winding. Even with an untoothed winding, as indicated in the development in claim 19, the lateral forces and consequent conductor deformations are advantageously lower.

The Winding on the winding body happens in all developments either in which the bobbin with the winding shaft rotates or in which the winding body is connected to the winding axis and the winding wire rotates about the winding body.

The fanning the coils, in the second and third basic variants of the first solution the task is in another development, not shown to the second solution applied to the task here at late-range and / or achsnahen area is applied and is in claim 8 and 9 indicated. The advantages achieved thereby are similar to those the second and third fanned out basic variant the manufacturing process of the first solution of the problem.

further developments the second solution the task consist in how the winding axis closer Coil position opposite one of her farther lying coil layer a change the turn length experiences.

A first development in this regard is specified in claim 3 and in the 50 - 55 shown.

The extension of the winding is achieved there, in which the windings are wound shifted in the winding axis direction in the later peripheral region of the machine. The subsequent folding will be in 55 shown, wherein in the first step, the coil is folded around a disc, it can be seen that the coil bundle in the peripheral region of the disc over the full coil bundle width is substantially on the circumference, whereby the first problem of the problem is solved.

A second development in this regard is given in claim 4 and in 56 - 59 shown. The extension of the winding is achieved here, in which each turn during the winding process, in the region of the later peripheral region of the coil, is bent by a defined length preferably around winding posts or an edge inwardly towards the winding axis and this defined length of the winding axis decreases next to the coil position to the outer coil layer. The deformation is preferably by laterally attacking stamp, 57 , performed. The subsequent folding will be in 59 represented, wherein in the first step, the coil is folded around a disc and in the second step, the inwardly folded ladder parts are pushed or folded to the coil bundle, so that the entire coil bundle in the peripheral region has a substantially equal distance from the central disc.

In first embodiments of the development, the cross-sectional area of the wound body is the 50 on which the coil is wound a hexagonal, a narrow rectangular, an oval, a round or a rhombic surface. With the exception of the narrow rectangular area apply to the second development in 57 the same variations of the internal cross-sectional area.

Another development of the second solution of the problem is described in claim 23 and is in 55 and 59 represented, wherein the in 50 - 53 prefabricated winding in 55 is folded around a body and the coil of 56 - 58 around the body of 59 is folded and then the coil legs in the plane of movement of the machine in position, preferably a radial course, brought by the second step ( 2 .) in 55 and by the third step ( 3 .) in 59 happens.

In another development described in claim 24 and in 54 is shown, is a possible winding process of the coil for the first solution of the problem in 54 1a - 8a , and for the second solution of the task (first training) in 54 1a - 8a . 1b - 8b shown. There will be a Winding position in 1a - 8a , alternately wound from the inside to the outside and one from the outside to the inside, wherein the conductor start attaches here in the winding axis near the interior of the coil. In most applications, it is advantageous to set it outside, the winding then in the top step in 54 1a is started and then wrapped from outside to inside. Further developments are in 54 . 60 . 68 . 70 . 79 . 84 and to find in claim 25.

A development of the fourth solution of the problem is in 79 . 80 . 81 . 83 shown and consists in variants of the winding of the coil from outside to inside and is a part of these figures.

In one variant, the 79 . 82 . 83 At times arranged as a staircase slide replaced by a stair valve 81 or in a second variant by a "roll" stair valve of 84a . 84b whose application in 80 will be shown. For the production of this embodiment of the variant must 80 only through the gate valve, as in 79 used, to be supplemented. The gate valve of the 83 is here designed for a narrow, rectangular core of the bobbin.

A development of the eleventh solution of the problem is given in claim 22 and is in the 61 . 62 shown. This is because the displacement of the windings laterally guided by coil delimitations in the direction of the axis is limited in its radial extent by a further radial coil limitation or a support near the axis, at least at one point. This has the meaning that the coil bundle in the region near the axis worsens as little as possible axis, so that the coil sides as far as possible radially, axis direction, and use of this coil bundle as a result costs as little magnetic surface and the conductors are thus effective over a larger angle of rotation ,

In an embodiment of the development not shown here, the manufacturing method is optimized to the effect that in the shaping of all conductor displacements in favor of optimal utilization of the existing machine surface or magnetic surface is done, which is limited radially at least by the distance A1. In an optimized variant, an expansion of the coil bundle over the boundary line EE in 61 not allowed, so the ladder will be moved only in the corners between frame 8b and limit line EE.

In this way, the previously ineffective conductor in the peripheral area (area C1) to be effective leaders in the near-axis area without having to increase the necessary magnetic surface. To optimize the whole with regard to the efficiency of the conductors and the magnetic surface even more is the coil 3b even more V-shaped than in 61 prepared so that the coil legs of the V initially slightly oblique to the radius of the folding body or the later machine run and find their radial orientation only by the formation in the peripheral region. Thus, at least part of the initially ineffective conductors in C1 is used for the optimal alignment of the V-shaped coil legs. In this way, the ideal, highly efficient final shape of the coil is achieved.

A development of the fifth solution of the problem is given in claim 27 and in various further developments in 64 . 65 . 66 . 67 . 68 . 69 . 70 . 71 shown, wherein the coil is wound immediately into the final shape.

advantage this solution The task is that the coil immediately wrapped in the final shape being, the two problems of folding the task are excluded from the outset.

A further development is given in claim 28 and in 64 and 65 is shown, and is that the coil layer, which extends here in the direction of movement of the rotation of the machine, which is wound from inside to outside, similar to a conventional, spiral, single-layer coil, the windings are spirally wound side by side, in which the internal Winding forms the limit for the next additional turn until the coil layer ends at the intended outer circumference of the entire coil. The peculiarity of this development is above all the realization of the winding from outside to inside, in which the outer winding length is set exactly by extending the slide, around which the first turn is placed in the later near-axis region. The slides then retract, with the first turn being held in position by slides / retainers of motors S1 and 54. The second turn is inserted between the first turn and slide / holder S2, S3, S5, S6, S9, S10, the slides / holders of the motors M41 and M47 pressing the second turn on the inside against the first turn, so that the length of the second turn Winding is given by this limitation. This will continue until the coil position 3-1 or 3-3 filled with the innermost turn. Subsequently, it is again wound from the inside to the outside, as described above.

A Another special feature of this winding is that it comes with two Sliders / holders S1, S2, S3, S4 each in the later peripheral area of the winding comes with a slider / holder, the position of the einzulegenden Winding pretends and another already laid turn of the same Location in position holds. In the later Near-axis area are also only two slide / holder S5, S6, S9, S10 necessary. The one pushes the coil in the inside position and the other stops the turns in a plane. The holding process can by a third slider / holder S7, S8 otherwise the winding position still supports become. The winding body is constructed so that the lying inside the coil motor part M41, M43, M44, M47 can be disconnected by the connector St and the finished coil can be removed upwards.

Another development of the fifth solution of the problem is given in claim 29 and is in 66 . 67 shown. The coil, similar to the development described above, is immediately wound into the final shape with the aid of slides and / or holders which engage in the coil bundle area near the axis and in the peripheral area.

The special feature of this development is the winding of the coil layer 3-2 from outside to inside, here both peripheral area and in the areas near the axis staircase-shaped slides are used, which are displaceable from the inside of the coil outwards and in height. This winding process is in the 66 . 67 shown and done so that the turns are successively started from the lowest level to the top of the stair valves, the step depth and step width is dimensioned so that the turns come laterally in the final shape to lie next to each other in shock. After the winding on the stair sliders is completed, the stair sliders are withdrawn from the coil bundle area, so that the turns are brought partly by gravity and / or by the use of sliders on a plane and thus form a coil layer, which then through the lowest level of the near-axis staircase slide S5, S7 is pushed together in the final position to a compact coil position.

In claim 33 variants are such a stair valve 23 specified and are in the 79 to 84 as well as their use shown, with a variant that in the 79 . 82 is shown, it consists in that the individual stages are constructed of individually movable slides, which simplifies the pushing together of the windings and the slide also otherwise, for example as a separating slide 21 can be used and another variant of the 80 . 82 . 83 . 84 This is that the staircase can be gradually pushed together in the manner of an escalator, so that the steps can be sunk and then form a plane. This allows an ordered continuous pushing together of the stair winding on a plane, such as 80 shows.

A development of the two described developments of the fifth solution of the problem is specified in claim 34 and in 73 - 78 shown, with the peculiarity here is that the coils are wound cyclically and thus predominantly interlocked. This requires that the winding changes the predetermined track of the underlying coil layer after each turn of the winding, thereby crossing the conductor of the below-lying conductor layer. This leads to an expansion of the coil bundle at the intersection and is therefore preferably placed in the peripheral region of the winding when the peripheral region is not in a uniform magnetic air gap. The 75 - 78 show variants for it.

Another advantageous variant is in 74 represented where the crossing of the conductors takes place in the region close to the axis, which is advantageous if the high-energy peripheral region of the winding is continuously covered with a magnetic air gap. This leads to a very powerful machine, even if an extension of the air gap or the omission of this coil area from the magnetic field must be accepted.

Another development of the fifth solution of the problem is given in claim 30 and is in 68 to 72 shown. The bobbin, similar to the previously described embodiments of the fifth solution of the problem, is immediately wound into the final shape by means of slides and / or holders which engage in the coil region in the near-axis region and the peripheral region.

The A special feature of this development is that the coil layers extend radially in the peripheral region and thus the coil layers There alternately radially from the inside to the outside and then from the outside to to be wrapped inside.

These are specified in a claim 31 embodiment in each peripheral region Slider and a hook-shaped slide / holder H1, H2 and in the near-axis area slide / holder attached, which engage in the coil bundle area and guide the orderly winding. How exactly this happens in the peripheral area is in 70 and for the near-axis area in 71 shown. So a circular cyclic winding and thus a meshed winding is possible.

Especially is advantageous in this development with circular-cyclic coil, that the expansion of the coil bundle in the transition area Ü here in Direction of movement happens, so no widening of the air gap leads. Thus, the transition area the cyclic winding everywhere where it is winding technical or space just is advantageous.

In another embodiment of the development, which is specified inter alia in claim 32 (no figure), the winding is carried out in the peripheral region by means of slide / holders which are displaceable radially between the folded coil legs in the peripheral region and height adjustable in the peripheral region. These slides, in particular for the winding of the coil layer from outside to inside, in the 79 to 84 different forms and associated with different winding operations may contain is suitable. This allows a particularly simple winding of the coil layers from outside to inside and is therefore suitable for all manufacturing processes where such a winding occurs.

A development of the sixth solution of the problem is specified in claim 36 and in the 85 to 92 is shown and is that each coil in the air gap section extends in two layers.

In a first development of this development, which specified in claim 37 and in 85 and 86 is shown, each conductor layer has its own support disk. During assembly, the inner magnetic body is covered by the discs and, first, the inner discs in the peripheral region are connected by spacer rivets. The advantage of spacer rivets is that, on the one hand, they can be used as electrical conductors and, on the other hand, they impart rigidity to the coil, in particular for the disc part, which in one embodiment is not connected to the axis or shaft of the machine.

Thereafter, the outer conductor discs, which are here slightly larger diameter, also connected by spacer rivets. In the next manufacturing step, the conductors of the respective closely spaced carrier disks are electrically connected to one another by preferably soldering. An advantage of this mounting with two carrier disks per air gap area is that the conductors of a coil in both winding layers of the respective air gap area can run exactly radially and congruently, as shown in FIG 87 and 88 is shown. So all coil sides are highly effective in the field, without that coil sides reduce each other in the effect.

In a second development of this development, which specified in claim 38 and in 90 . 91 is shown, the conductors are on both sides of a common carrier disk, wherein the conductors of both conductor layers 26a ' . 26b ' and 26a '' . 26b '' extend to the peripheral region and there the peripheral surface on the outer conductor layers 26a ' . 26a '' From there, the connection of the individual conductors with the conductor plates of the other air gap area 36 ' or 36 '' manufacture. For this purpose, the coil courses in the individual conductor layers partially, in contrast to 88a . 88b to run a half winding step twisted each other, as shown in 89a . 89b is apparent. The use of only one carrier disk allows a shorter air gap length.

In a further development as indicated in claim 39, the connection is made in the peripheral region with spacer rivets, as in 85 . 86 . 90 shown, where they also serve as an electrical conductor. In another development, the spacing rivets serve the mechanical stability, for which only a few distributed over the circumference of the disk body needed.

Another development of this compound is indicated in claim 40 and in 91 . 92 shown, wherein the disk body of the two air gap areas 36 ' . 36 '' by a hollow cylinder, the outside carries interconnects are connected together, in which the conductors of the hollow cylinder and the discs are electrically and mechanically interconnected. This connection can be done in various ways, with developments consisting in how the tracks of the inner conductor plate are led to the outside, where they are ultimately connected to the conductor bars of the hollow cylinder.

A further education in this regard is in 91 shown in the outside pane area in the circumference conductor areas are provided as contact surfaces for the internal conductor tracks. The contact from the inner trace to the outer contact surface is made by riveting or by vias (conductor sleeves). The bending of conductor tongues of the inner conductor disk around the circumference of the carrier disk around on the outer conductor plate is a development thereof. The conductor tracks of the hollow cylinder are then with those of the conductor plates, as in 91 shown connected by soldering with flat conductor angles. Another development of this contact is specified in claim 41 and in 90 shown. Here, the hollow cylinder has groove-shaped recesses distributed in both end regions over the entire circumference. By means of these recesses, superordinate conductor tongues of the inner conductor disks are guided outwards and in the next production step are bent inwards and contacted with the conductor webs of the hollow cylinder by soldering, riveting, welding or the like.

at Another development of the sixth solution of the task will be like in claim 40 indicated the head of the disk body of both air gap areas directly with each other mechanically and electrically by soldering, welding or riveting, for example, supernatant conductor tongues connected. The necessary stability is achieved for example by a few spacer rivets. (no figure)

at Another development of the sixth solution of the task will be the Coil sides star-shaped punched out and their rays individually to about half the length around the Peripheral region of the middle magnetic body bent and on the opposite Side headed axis or shaft and there with another Coil side or a collector firmly connected. (no figure)

at Another development of the sixth solution of the task will be out punched conductor strips V-shaped Head folded, with the knee of the V 'near the axle on a support disk be attached and then the V-legs around the peripheral area of the middle magnetic body be bent or folded and on the opposite side direction Axis or shaft out and there with another coil side or a collector stuck get connected. In this way, the result in each of the Approaching axis or shaft Area a two-layer winding. (no figure)

at another development of the sixth solution of the task consist of Coils of spiral punched flat coils, which folded individually around the peripheral area be and both sides approach the axis or shaft and preferably on a carrier disk are attached (no figure).

A development of the seventh solution of the problem is specified in claim 44. It takes place in which the winding with the coils is wound over a frame 93 . 97 . 99 or assembled (winding similar to in 112 - 116 ) which at least partially already surrounds the inner magnetic body and the frame remains in the winding after completion of the winding and then becomes part of the electric machine. Wherein the frame belonging to or on the frame distance generating means, such as winding posts, grooves or the like are attached or embossed or wound around the coils in the peripheral region and successively wound or composite coils in the peripheral region at a distance in the direction of movement of the electric machine be placed around each other or in the winding brackets.

The use of a frame has the advantage that the frame can on the one hand contain spacers, such as grooves or winding posts, which remain in the winding or, on the other hand, spacers which are inserted into the frame or between frame and middle magnetic body and are taken out again after the winding can. In addition, a gap-rich winding in the peripheral region allows the insertion of spacers between a peripheral frame and the central magnetic body, wherein the spacers can also serve as a winding post, which are removed again after the winding. A hollow cylindrical frame can be made very thin in the peripheral area, if correspondingly many axial spacers, as in 93a can be used, resulting in short conductors in the folding area and thus saves copper losses.

A development of the seventh solution of the problem is given in claim 45 and in 93 - 104 seen. In this case, the winding has a form of a DC winding as a wave or loop winding with coils that are wound by a winding step to each other and overlap each other, the frame in the region near the axis either hook or winding post contains or is supplemented by a single or multiple spiral ring around which the coils are placed and the frame in the circumferential area grooves or winding posts, in which the coils are at least partially inserted or run around the coils contains.

The grooves or winding post in the peripheral region and the spiral have in addition to the realization of a DC winding the advantage that up to the area near the axis enables a continuous two-layer winding for a two or more pole winding wi _r d ( 93 - 96 . 99 . 100 . 104 ). The spiral ring either remains in the winding or it is subsequently removed. Alternatively, the coils in the near-axis region by a holding device, such as a punch or a needle, temporarily fixed in the winding.

In one embodiment of this development, the 94 . 95 . 96 2, the coils in the region approaching the axis or shaft are generally V- or U-shaped, with the coil pointing from the peripheral region to the knee of the V or U's axis or shaft direction. In the peripheral region spacers between the individual coils are introduced and in the region close to the axis, the winding takes place via a multiply spiral-shaped ring, so that the turns in the region close to the axis lie abutting one another and the coils form a two-layer winding. The winding scheme of such an eight-pole winding show the 94 . 96 , The frame consists only of a hollow cylindrical ring, which by spacers, as in 93a . 103b or in 103b-1 is fixed to the inner magnetic body and at the same time act as spacers between adjacent turns.

In one embodiment, the frame extends only in an area approaching the axis, such as 108 or in another embodiment, the frame extends in both of these areas, such as 97 . 99 demonstrate.

In a development, several such windings are wound on top of each other, so that a 4,6 or 8-layer winding is formed. (no figure) In a variant of 93b-1 The spiral ring can be removed after the winding or as in a second variant of 93b . 103 . 104 remain in the winding.

In this case, preferably the winding in the remaining winding region outside the region of the spiral-shaped ring is pressed into a narrow two-layer winding, such as 103 and 104 demonstrate. For this purpose, a pad, here in the form of angles, in the near-axis area 103a-1 between winding and inner magnetic body used for the pressing phase of the winding, such as 103a . 103 show, which are removed after the pressing process again.

In another embodiment of the development that the 97 to 102 . 108 . 109 show, the coils are, seen axially, wound as a secant over the area approaching the axis or shaft, wherein successively wound coils are axially twisted by a winding step to each other and overlap in the near-axis region. As the farther the coils approach the near-axis region, as there are multiple overlaps, each limited to a radial region, in the manufacture of the coil, the coil is pressed in accordance with the areas of overlap, such as 97 - 100 . 108 . 109 demonstrate.

This manufacturing method is content of a specified in claim 57 development. The pressing process is similar to that of the before 103 was described. Advantage of this pressing is that the coil areas efficiently by extra-axial magnetic poles ( 97 . 98b ) can be used and the circumferential air gap area can have a uniform air gap width, such as 97 . 99 demonstrate.

As in the 97 . 99 can be seen, there is a development in that the frame is composed of two half-shells in the peripheral region.

Another development is that the coils are placed in alternating grooves of preferably different depth in the peripheral region, such as 97a . 98a show, in which successively wound coils are placed in every other groove, and that this arrangement, the conductor is achieved a 100% area coverage of the peripheral area, such as 98a-1 shows.

at a development of the seventh solution of the problem, in claim 49, single coils are provided via a middle magnetic body pushed and assembled into a winding.

In one embodiment of the development, half of the coils on the other half of the coils are axially twisted towards each other, the latter coils in the near-axis region, the former coils to give, like 113 shows, and therefore be bent before in the near-axis region by shaping. This allows a single-layer winding in the air gap region.

In another embodiment of the development, the coils are staggered in a relay-shaped manner to form a two-layer winding, so that a pair of coil legs of a coil lies in one layer and the other pair of coil legs in the other layer, such as 12 . 13 in EP99 08683. For this purpose, each coil in the region of a pair of coil legs is either expanded or pressed.

This Assembling the coils takes place in a development over a Framework in connection with the seventh or ninth solution of the Task.

A development of the eighth solution of the problem is specified in claim 47 and in the 105 shown.

Here, the central magnetic body is axially divided and is moved apart during the winding in the axial direction by about twice the air gap length of the electric machine. For guiding and centering the hollow cylindrical frame are preferably pins ( 44b ) or combs ( 44c ), in function as a spacer ( 44 ), radially peripherally inserted into the frame, which protrude between the two discs of the central magnetic body. This has the advantage that the frame does not slip from the disks during winding and a gap is created between adjacent windings. In another embodiment, during the rotation of the eccentrically mounted middle body, the axial movement apart of both parts of the central magnetic body is reduced so that they do not grind against already finished coils in the rotation. The axial mobility of the discs is in further developments by retractable, plane or inclined planes or a thread ( 105 ) a fit ( 106 . 107 ), a bayonet lock or the like ( 110 ) realized.

In a further development of the ninth solution of the problem, the spacers between the central magnetic body and the frame, which is at least one hollow cylindrical ring, are pins which extend axially ( 93a . 103b . 108a . 110a ) and which preferably keep their uniform distance from one another by circumferential notches in the middle magnetic body ( 93a-1 ) and also serve as a winding guide, such as 93 . 93a . 93a-1 demonstrate.

The Pens pushed into notches have the advantage of having one Keep distance between successive turns, what the Production of a two-layer winding at least in the peripheral region approaching the axis Coil areas allows. Furthermore becomes thereby a sieve-shaped winding created by the coolant can be directed. Also can the winding guides, in the form of the pins, after the winding are removed and the frame can be thinner walled accomplished become.

In another training only a few (about 3 to 6 pieces) are axial extending spacers used only the hollow cylindrical Keep the frame at a distance from the inner magnetic body. These will either removed or dissolved after the winding.

In another development of the ninth solution of the problem distance-generating pins such as, bayonet pins or screws are inserted radially into the hollow cylindrical frame, such as 103b-1 shows.

at an embodiment are offset only at three points of the circumference by 120 ° each other such pins used to only the distance between medium magnetic body and frame during to guarantee the winding and after the completion of the winding they are removed again.

at another embodiment is between two adjacent turns such pins used, which then as a winding guide a similar Function like meeting grooves, but they are removed after the winding.

In a variant of the embodiments, the radially inserted pins still have the function of keeping the two parts of a split for the winding middle magnetic body to each other in the defined state, such as 105a . 106a to be removed after the winding, such as 107a shows.

In one embodiment of this development, which specified in claim 51 and 111 ge are shown, spacers are introduced, which are liquefied or gasified after the winding or chemically or otherwise dissolved. This has the advantage of easy removal of the spacers in particular, if the peripheral area is to be completely wound and thus the spacer ( 44d ) is wrapped with.

A development of the tenth solution of the problem is specified in claim 53 and is in 103b-1 . 105 . 106 . 107 . 110 shown. The spacers are either pins or slides ( 105a . 106a . 107a ) or comb-shaped means ( 106c ), which are plugged in the radial direction in the peripheral region at least at three points and are removed again after completion of the winding, wherein the winding is preferably glued to the hollow cylinder, or the hollow cylinder in cross-section T-shaped ( 111 ) and to be volatilized by heating, a chemical reaction or the like, or after centrifugation is substantially removed from the winding after winding. The advantage of radially inserted spacers, such as sliders or comb-shaped means, is that they keep successively wound turns at a distance, so that the number of layers in the peripheral region of the discs and thus the air gap length can be kept low and the spacers serve as a winding guide, advantageously can be removed after the winding and thus the mass of the winding in the peripheral region is low. The then become vacant seats can then be wound. The comb-shaped slider also has the advantage of locking the discs in the axial direction.

The laterally close to the axis axially inserted and locked by rotation spacers ( 110b ) have the advantage that at least partially distance-generating agent accounts in the peripheral area, which is advantageous if the area is to be completely wound. This is the case in connection with the hollow cylinder with T-profile to be volatilized.

Also radially inserted pins can be used in a development as a spacer in the peripheral area ( 110 ) If an additional fixation of the discs in the vicinity of the axis by, for example, a comb-shaped spacers in key form happens.

Another development of the tenth solution of the problem is specified in claim 54 and shows the 106 . 107 , It takes place in which the winding or assembling of these coils takes place via a hollow cylinder which, along the axis of the winding, shows a bridge profile with outer bearing supports directed towards the axis, and the central magnetic body is divided axially into two disks Peripheral area the support posts of the hollow cylinder rest when the split inner magnetic body is pushed apart during the winding. It is particularly important to have an axial fixation, so that the bridge profile does not slip during the winding and their axial tensile forces from the discs.

This has the advantage of having extra Spacers that take on this task neither added nor must be removed after the winding. So can a gapless Wrapping the peripheral area done, which in particular in the Use of the cylindrical conductor area is useful.

In another development of the seventh to tenth solution of the problem set forth in claim 50, the winding is wound over a frame or the coils of the winding are assembled above it which is bell-shaped in the peripheral region and in an area approaching the axis, which 108 shows. In this case, the central magnetic body is axially displaced by an air gap width and, fixed in this position during the completion of the winding, in this way, in the region opposite the frame, the limit for the winding. This has the advantage that you save a disc-shaped frame and the air gap is shorter there. After completion of the winding, the fixation of the central magnetic body is removed and it is brought back to the middle position between the coil legs ( 109 ), which he also has after the completion of the machine.

In another development of the seventh to tenth solution of the problem indicated in claim 45, 46, the coils are wound generally V-shaped around the frame and middle magnetic body 93 and are wound from the peripheral area in the direction of the axis running and in the region near the axis in the knee of the V for the conductor reversal by a short-term engaging winding needle (no figure) or a stamp ( 110 . 105 - 107 Fixed) and from there towards circumferential area and laid around it to the opposite other near-axis area, where also takes place such a short fixation, wherein the first fixation is released and the fixing is provided for the next fixation of the V now following coil etc.

This has the advantage that in the near-axis region no winding device, like a spiral ring or winding post remain and the coil up to the knee of the V's evenly two-layered remains.

A development of the seventh solution of the problem is specified in claim 49 and in 113 shown. This is a single-layer winding in the air gap area, as in 112 seen. For this purpose, the coil, which is slipped over the other produced in the near-axis region by forming expanded.

The has the advantage that, with the exception of the axis close range, ie the folding area is also occupied by a single-layer winding, what a high surface area and volume usage leads and also utilizes the peripheral area with ideal conditions.

An embodiment of the development is in 113 shown, in which the winding is shed separately to two half-shells and these are placed over the middle magnetic body in the next manufacturing step, wherein two opposite free spaces for coils by coils, the outside coil legs of the half-shells these connecting inverted and glued or shed exclusively with the half-shells ,

This has the advantage that half shells with internal fixing disc without having to use the middle magnetic body for shedding can be the following is removed and only in the last operation the last two Spools are inserted and glued, where they then the middle magnetic body include.

Another development of the seventh to eleventh solution of the problem is given in claim 50 and in 114 to 116 shown. Here, the coils are aligned in a holder and then shed, wherein the central magnetic body is axially displaced by an air gap length and serves as Vergussgrenze, wherein a frame laterally delimits the Vergussbereiche. In this way, all coils are shed together in a later air gap area ( 114 . 116 ) and then the coil legs in the opposite air gap region ( 115 . 116 ).

This has the advantage that all coils are fixed in one go and Louvers remain in the peripheral region of the winding. Also the near-axis Area of the coils is better cooled if not shed is.

In one embodiment, the inner magnetic body is axially divided into two discs, similar to those in 105 . 106 . 107 . 110 , which are moved apart for casting apart tightly to the coil inner walls and locked there during the casting.

A development of the seventh to ninth solution of the problem is given in claim 56 and shows 117 . 118 , This is the assembly of a winding 117 with one-sided axial approach (bell shape). This makes it possible to manufacture the winding without embracing the center magnetic body according to the manufacturing method of the seventh to ninth solution of the problem. Subsequently, the middle magnetic body (part 1) sitting on a hollow axle is inserted into the bell-shaped body (part 2) ( 117a ), wherein the hollow axle protrudes through the winding in the region of the axis approach. In this part of the hollow axis of the central magnetic body axially given disc-shaped body (part 3) is now sitting even on a hollow shaft, which forms the bearing shell for the first bearing, accurately fitted, so that the coil is freely movable in the air gap therebetween ( 117b ). Subsequently, the part 4 with the shaft and the second bearing seated thereon and the disc-shaped support plate of the coil on which the collector is mounted, inserted into the hollow shaft with the first bearing seated therein and the coil fixedly connected to the disk-shaped support disk. The conductor feeders are connected to the collector and then pushed the hollow cylindrical housing over the entire body and firmly connected to the part 3. On the still open end side, a second, the inner magnetic body axially opposite, magnetic body which carries the brushes of the collector, inserted into the shell-shaped housing and fixedly connected thereto.

This allows the production of highly efficient bell runners with one-sided axial coils approach and still easier axial mounting, which is also the advantage of usual Bell runners is.

In one variant, the area of the bell winding approaching the axis or shaft lies on the same side as the commutation. The winding is in the range of the axis approach either selbsttra or supported by a bell-shaped frame. The installation of this bell-shaped rotor corresponds to the installation of a conventional bell-shaped rotor, since only the Wicklungssträgerscheibe is replaced by the winding and given case supplemented by a frame. (no figure)

A variant of the twelfth solution of the problem is given in claim 59 and in 73 - 78 shown. Here short air gap lengths are achieved in a circular-cyclic coil when the transition region Ü is outside the uniform air gap, as in the folded area FF of the folded coil in 75 - 78 , or in the near-axis region of the coil, which is recessed from the uniform air gap 74 ,

Another variant of a cyclic winding is in 68 - 72 to see. The peculiarity here is that the coil layers in the air gap direction, ie transverse to the direction of movement, run. This has the advantage that the expansion of the coil bundle in the transition region Ü, here the peripheral region, in the direction of rotation of the machinery, so that the entire coil in the air gap has a uniform coil bundle thickness (for cyclic winding, description, S.13-15, training to the second development of the first basic variant, to the 6 - 12 ).

A development of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and twelfth solution of the problem is that preferably winding body ( 1 ) and folding body ( 11 ) form a body on which the coil is wound and folded.

refinements The invention will be described below with reference to a drawing. It shows in:

1 - 51 different embodiments of the manufacturing method of the first solution of the problem, in

1 - 12 a first basic variant of the manufacturing process of the first solution of the problem with its various embodiments, in

1 . 2 a bobbin, in

1 the cross section of the bobbin along the line II-II in 2 , in

1a - 1d Variants of the cross section of a wound body along the line II-II in 2 , in

2 a side view of the bobbin along the line II in 1 , in

3 a side view of a winding body similar to the in 2 , in

4 a folding body in section along the line VI-VI of 5 , in

5 a side view of the bobbin in the view along the line VV of 4 , in

6 - 12 Sectional views of the coil bundle of an unfolded coil, similar to the one in FIG 1 - 4 , in

13 - 36 a second basic variant of the manufacturing process of the first solution of the problem, in

13 - 19 a first embodiment of the second basic variant of the first solution of the problem, in

13 . 14 Sectional drawings of a bobbin 1 , in

13 the cross section of the winding body along the line VII-VII in 14 , in

14 a side view of the bobbin along the line VIII-VIII in 13 , in

15 a winding body similar to the one in 5 in section along the line VI-VI with the coil out 13 . 14 , in

16 an enlargement of the coil bundle 14 , in

17 an enlargement of the peripheral region of the coil bundle 13 , in

18 an enlargement of the upper slide / holder along the line IX-IX in 14 , in

19 an enlargement of the cross section along the line XX in 14 , in

20 - 26 a second embodiment of the second basic variant of the first solution of the problem, in

20 . 21 Sectional drawings of a bobbin 1 , in

20 the cross section of a wound body along the line XI-XI in 21 , in

21 a side view of the bobbin along the line XII-XII in 20 , in

22 a winding body similar to the one in 5 in section along the line VV with the coil out 21 , in

23 an enlargement of the coil bundle 21 , in

24 an enlargement of the upper slide / holder along the line XIII-XIII in 21 , in

25 an enlargement of the cross section along the line XIV-XIV in 21 , in

26 an enlargement of the peripheral region of the coil bundle 20 , in

27 - 33 a third embodiment of the second basic variant of the first solution of the problem, in

27 . 28 Sectional drawings of a bobbin 1 , in

27 the cross section of a wound body along the line XI-XI in 28 , in

28 a side view of the bobbin along the line XII-XII in 27 , in

29 a winding body similar to the one in 5 in section along the line VV with the coil out 28 , in

30 an enlargement of the coil bundle at the top 28 , in

31 an enlargement of the coil bundle at the bottom 28 , in

32 an enlargement of the cross section along the line XVII-XVII in 28 , in

33 an enlargement of the peripheral region of the coil bundle 27 , in

34 - 36 Section views of the coil bundle above the line BB, in
34a - 36a similar to the upper cross section
along the line of symmetry in 13 or
along the line of symmetry in 21 or
along the line of symmetry in 28
below the line BB, in
34b - 36b similar to
Section along the line XX in 14 or
Section along the line XIV-XIV in 21 or
Section along the line XVII-XVII in 28 , in

37 - 49 Variants of the winding and folding body for the manufacturing process of the third basic variant of the first solution of the problem, in

37 - 39 a first embodiment of the third basic variant of the first solution of the problem, in

37 . 38 Sectional views of the bobbin 1 , in

37 the sectional view taken along the line XVIII-XVIII in 38 , in

38 the sectional view along the line XIX-XIX in 37 without cutting the motors M11-M14, in

39 a folding body similar to the one in 5 along the section line VI-VI, in

40 - 42 a second embodiment of the third basic variant of the first solution of the problem, in

40 . 41 Sectional views of the bobbin 1 , in

40 the sectional view taken along the line XX-XX in 41 , in

41 the sectional view along the line XXI-XXI in 40 , with engines M 15-M18 excluded from cutting, in

42 a folding body similar to the one in 5 along the section line VI-VI, in

43 - 45 a third embodiment of the third basic variant of the first solution of the problem, in

43 . 44 Sectional views of the bobbin 1 , in

43 the sectional view along the line XXII-XXII in 44 , in

44 the sectional view taken along the line XXIII-XXIII in 43 , in

45 a folding body similar to the one in 5 along the section line VI-VI, in

46 - 49 a fourth embodiment of the third basic variant of the first solution of the problem, in

46 a side view of the bobbin 1 of the 46 - 49 , in

47 a plan view of the bobbin 1 of the 46 - 49 , in

48 . 49 Side views with partial cross sections in the coil area of the 46 - 49 along the line XXV-XXV in 46 , in

50 to 59 Production method of the second solution of the problem, in

50 - 55 a first manufacturing method of the second solution of the problem, in

51 . 53 a winding body 1 for making the unfolded coil 3a in two views, in

50 a sectional view of the coil along the line XXVI-XXVI in 51 , in

50a - 50d alternative winding body 1 to the in 50 , in

51 a side view along the line XXVII-XXVII in 50 , in

52 a plan view of the coil 3a in 50 , in

53 a sectional view taken along the line XXVIII-XXVIII in 51 , without cutting the motors, in

54 a winding instruction for the winding of the coil 50 - 53 ,

1a - 8a shows the upper part of the section along the axis of symmetry in 50 that's a rough one tenförmigen cutting area in 51 shows.

1b - 8b shows the section along the line XXVIII-XXVIII in 51 , in

55 a section of the core 9 a folding body 11 in the axial direction and different folding stages 3a . 3b . 3c the coil 3 that about the core 9 is folded, in

56 - 59 a second manufacturing method of the second solution of the problem, in

56 . 57 Sectional views of a bobbin 1 for making the unfolded coil 3a . 111

56 a sectional view taken along the line XXIX-XXIX in 57 , where essentially only the coil is shown, in

57 a sectional view taken along the line XXX-XXX in 56 , where in 56 the winding body was left away, the in 51 resembles, in

58 a plan view of the coil 3a in 57 , where only the coil is shown, in

59 a section of the core 9 a folding body 11 in the axial direction and different folding and bending stages 3a . 3b . 3c the coil 3 , which is folded over the core, in

60 the manufacturing process of the third solution of the task, in

60-1 Section views of the bobbin 60-3 on the one hand a sectional view along the line XXXI-XXXI (only above the line BB and below the line CC) in the illustrations 1a . 1c and on the other hand, a sectional view of the bobbin 60-3 along the line XXXII-XXXII in the illustration 1b , in

60-2 the prefilled by the third solution process still unfolded coil 3a , in

60-3 a basic construction of the winding in front view, in

61 - 63 a manufacturing process of the eleventh solution of the problem, in

61 . 62 a shaped body 11 for producing the shaped coil 3b , in

61 a sectional view through the molding 11 along the line XXXIII-XXXIII in 62 , in

62 a sectional view through the molding 11 along the line XXXIV-XXXIV in 61 and a cut in 63 similar sectional view along the line XXXV-XXXV, in

63 a sectional view similar to the one in 62 through the molding 11 along the line XXXIII-XXXIII, in

64 to 72 various manufacturing methods of a fifth solution of the problem, in

64 . 65 a first manufacturing method of the fifth solution of the problem, in

64 a plan view of a winding device, in

65 a sectional view taken along the line XXXVI-XXXVI in 64 , with the motors excluded from the cut, in

66 . 67 a second manufacturing method of the fifth solution of the problem, in

66 a plan view of a winding device, in

67 a sectional view taken along the line XXXVII-XXXVII in 66 , with the motors excluded from the cut, in

68 . 69 a third manufacturing method of the fifth solution of the problem, in

68 a plan view of a winding device, in

69 a sectional view taken along the line XXXVIII-XXXVIII in 68 , with the motors excluded from the cut, in

70 the winding process in a peripheral region, the range of motors M57 and M58 of the 68 , represented in twelve pictures, in

71 in eight figures, the winding process in an area of the coil approaching the axis, the range of motors M59 to M60 in 69 , in

72 the cross section at the top end of the slides of the motors M55 and M58, in

73 - 78 Production method of the twelfth solution of the problem, in

73 . 73a . 73b the basic structure of a circular-cyclic winding, in

73 a two-layer circular cyclic winding, in

73a the one coil layer of the two-layer circular cyclic winding 73 , in

73b the other coil layer of the two-layer circular cyclic winding 73 , in

74 - 78 other two-layer circular cyclic coils, in

79 - 84 Embodiments of the manufacturing method of the fourth (12,5,1,2) solution of the problem, in

79 - 84 a manufacturing method of coils, in the section of the coil bundle whose coil layers are spirally or preferably circularly cyclic, in

79 at seven winding steps such a coil manufacturing process, in

80 the use of a stair valve in a coil manufacturing process of 79 , in

81 . 82 . 83 . 84 different staircases, in

85 - 92 Manufacturing method of the sixth solution of the problem, in

85 - 89 a manufacturing process for a stamped, milled or etched winding, in

85 a disc winding out 86 in perspective along the section XXXIX-XXXIX, in

86 a complete machine in cross section, to which the winding out 85 belongs in principle, in

87 the current waveform of a wave winding of 88a . 88b in an exploded perspective view, in

88 the winding of 85 . 86 differentiated into slices divided into different axial sections, in

89 another winding divided into two axial sections according to the 88a . 88b , in

90 a perspective detailed drawing of a development of the winding of 85 . 86 , in

91 another perspective detail drawing of a continuing winding of 85 . 86 , in

92 another perspective detail drawing of a development of the winding of 85 . 86 , in

93 - 96 a manufacturing process of the seventh and ninth solution of the task, in

93 a side view of a winding of the winding pattern of 94 . 95 , in

93a a detailed view 93 , in

93a-1 a detailed view 93a , in

93b in a detailed view 93 , in

93b-1 a variant of the detailed representation of 93b , in

94 . 96 the winding diagram of the winding of 93 , in

95 a detail of 93 . 96 , in

97 . 98 a manufacturing method of a two-pole DC winding according to the seventh solution of the problem, in

97 a section through the basic structure of such a machine along the line XXXXII-XXXXII, in

98 the winding of 97 in section along the line XXXXI-XXXXI without showing the coil holder, in

99 . 100 a manufacturing method of a two-pole DC winding according to the seventh solution of the problem, in

99 the section through the basic structure of such a machine along the line XXXXIV-XXXXIV, in

100 the winding of 99 in section along the line XXXXIII-XXXXIII without cutting the winding, in

100a the pole pitch of the machine 99 - 100 , in

101 . 102 the winding specification of the two-pole winding of 97 to 100 , in

103 . 104 a manufacturing method of a multi-pole double-layered DC winding of 93 - 96 after the seventh and ninth solution of the task, in

103 the cross section through the winding of 93 while winding along the line XXXX-XXXX, without cutting the ladder, in

103a the spiral ring 42 and the use of the distance angle 47 out 103 in plan view, in

103a-1 the four distance angles 47 out 103 in plan view, in

103b the peripheral area of 103 enlarged, in

103b-1 to 103b two alternative spacers 44b instead of the spacer 44a in 103b , in

103b-2 an alternative spacer in three views, in

104 the cross section through the winding of 93 after winding along the line XXXX-XXXX, without the cut of the ladder, in

105 a manufacturing method of the eighth solution of the problem in a sectional view, similar to that in 103 , in

105a a detail of 105 enlarged, in

105b a detail of 105 enlarged, in

106 . 107 a manufacturing method of the seventh and tenth solution of the problem in a sectional view, similar to that in 103 , a two-layer DC winding, in

106 the cross section during winding, in

106a a detail of 106 enlarged, in

106b a detail of 106 enlarged, in

106c an alternative detail of the detail in the 106a , in

107 the cross section after completion of the winding, in

107a a detail of 107 enlarged, in

107b a detail of 107 enlarged, in

108 . 109 a manufacturing method of the seventh and ninth solution of the problem by means of sectional drawings, similar to those in 103 a two-layer DC winding, in

108 the cross section during winding, in

109 the cross section after the winding, in

110 a manufacturing method of the ninth and tenth solution of the object of a DC winding by means of a sectional drawing through a central magnetic body 25 , similar to the one in 103 , in

110a a detail of 110 enlarged, in

110b a detail of 110 enlarged and in different other views, in

111 the detail section of an alternative manufacturing option 110a in three views, in

112 . 113 a manufacturing method of the seventh solution of the task of assembling and casting a coil with individual coils 3 that overlap each other in two views, in

112 the finished machine in cross section, in

113 the production of the winding in principle in the sectional view of the line XXXXV-XXXXV in 112 , in

114 to 116 another manufacturing method of the seventh solution of the object of winding the 112 , in

114 a centering body 49 in a cross section during a first manufacturing step, in

115 a centering body 49 in a cross section during the second manufacturing step after that of 114 , in

116 the top view of the potted coils of 114 or 115 , in

117 . 118 Manufacturing method according to the seventh to ninth solution of the object of an electric machine with a bell-shaped winding, which approaches the shaft on one side, in

117 . 117a - 117d four assembly steps, in which six prefabricated parts are assembled to the machine in cross-section, in

117a the first assembly step in cross section, in

117b the second assembly step in cross section, in

117c the third assembly step in cross section, in

117d the fourth assembly step in cross section, in

118 the finished assembled machine 117 in cross section, in the same components have the same reference numbers in all figures.

1 - 51 shows different embodiments of the manufacturing method of the first solution of the problem.

1 . 2 . 5 . 6 show a first basic variant of the manufacturing process of the first solution of the problem.

1 . 2 show the bobbin 1 on a winding axle 2 sitting. The sink 3 is about a core 6 the bobbin 1 wrapped in the winding axial direction of moving bodies 5 is limited. The core 6 the bobbin 1 is trapezoidal in section along the winding axis and the winding space of the coil in the peripheral region as a Parallelogrammm and in the region where the coil bundles are parallel in cross-section at right angles. The trapezoidal winding space of the coil 3 is in the peripheral area by a slider 6 limited during the winding is pushed into this position, especially in a wild winding process.

1a - 1d show variants of 1 in which the core 6 the bobbin 1 is varied and thus coils 3 different types, but all for the same type of folding of the manufacturing process of the first solution of the task are determined.

3 shows a variant of the bobbin in 2 , wherein in the peripheral region of the coil 3 both sides of the spool slide / holder 6 into the winding space, which are controlled by the motors M1 to M4.

4 . 5 shows a bobbin folding device 11 on the in 1 . 2 or 4 wound coil 3a is pushed or the from the outset part of the winding device in 1 . 2 . 4 is or partially to the winding body 1 will be added.

On this bobbin folding device 11 becomes the coil 3a in the desired final shape 3b bent or folded. The bobbin folding device consists of core body 9 on which the coil sits tight but movable and the outside of limiting bodies 8th is held together as a coil bundle. By applying a force F becomes the unfolded coil 3a around folding edges of a body or around winding posts 10 in the final shape of the coil 3b bent or folded. Subsequently, the coil 3b by gluing or baking strengthened and with previous removal of the winding posts 10 taken from the folding body.

6 - 12 show sectional views of the coil 3a during the winding process. The upper illustration 6a - 12a , above the line BB shows a section similar to the section along the line IV-IV in 1 only upper cross section of the coil bundle.

The lower illustration 6b - 12b , below the line BB of the coil bundle, shows a section along the line III-III similar to FIG 2 for the respective same coil as for the upper illustration, wherein the winding body of the 12 something is modified to those of 1 . 3 ,

In the winding instructions shown in the figures are coil start A 'and coil end A''always on the common outer side of the coil bundle of the finished coil 3b .. In the illustrations, the coil ends are located in the area near the axis. The coil ends could also be in the later scope range, where otherwise the same winding rule applies. The wrapping process becomes clear by the indication of arrows.

12 shows a winding instruction on one opposite 1 . 2 slightly modified bobbin, in which the coils 3 on the route from the section III-III to the section IV-IV in 1 . 2 be placed partially arcuate and the turns interlocked intermeshed.

13 - 36 show a second basic variant of the manufacturing process of the first solution of the problem.

13 - 19 show a first embodiment of the second basic variant of the first solution of the problem.

13 . 14 shows sectional drawings of a bobbin 1 ,

The winding body has a core 4 and sliding / holding the motors M6 and M8 over which the windings are wound, the windings after the winding being deposited on the slides / holders of the motors M5, M7. The bobbin limits the coil 3a in the direction of the winding axis 2 through lateral boundaries 5 , The upper part of the coil in 14 is drawn in partial section and is in 16 to see enlarged. Also the upper part of the coil in 13 is in 17 shown enlarged. Here are the narrow slider / holder 6a labeled H1, H2, H3, on which the turns of the slide / holders 6a filed with the name S1-S6. This process is in 16 for the turns 33 to see with the slide / holder S4 and H9.

15 shows a folding body 11 similar to the one in 5 along the section line VI-VI with the coil contained therein 3a before folding and after folding the coil 3b , During folding along the folding direction 12 the winding layers slide into each other at their intended place in the compact coil bundle of the folded coil 3b ,

16 . 17 The numbers in the conductor cross sections indicating the order of winding of the turns. So are turns of the same Windungslage the 19 on different slides / holders H1-H11. The holder H9 is simultaneously pushed out by the motor when the slider / holder S4 retracts and takes over the winding formed by it 33 , The narrow slide / holder 6a have only a holding function for the turns and no shaping.

18 Here are the different bending radii of the slide S1-S5 to see, to the different bends of the turns 15 from 18 to lead.

19 Here, the fixed compact coil bundle can be seen enlarged, in which the winding layers are wound into each other interlocked.

20 - 26 show a second embodiment of the second basic variant of the first solution of the problem.

20 . 21 show sectional drawings of a bobbin 1 ,

20 . 21 The winding body 1 has a core 4 and sliding / holder 6b of the motor M10 over which the windings are wound, the windings after winding on the slide / holders 6a of the motor M9 are stored. The winding body 1 limits the coil in the direction of the winding axis 2 through lateral boundaries 5 , The upper part of the coil in 21 is drawn in partial section and is in 23 to see enlarged. Also the upper part of the coil in 20 is in 26 shown enlarged. Here are the narrow slider / holder 6a labeled H1 to H11 on which the turns of the slide / holders 6b filed with the designation S1-56. This process is in 16 for the turns 33 to see with the slide / holder S4 and H9.

22 shows a folding body 11 similar to the one in 6 along the section line VI-VI with the coil contained therein 3a before folding and after folding the coil 3b , During folding along the folding direction 12 the winding layers slide into each other at their intended place in the compact coil bundle of the folded coil 3b , The peculiarity of this folding body is its divided into three parts core 9 by hinges 17 , which simultaneously serve as a folding post, connected and the wings 18 hinged against each other are, whereby the folding takes place.

24 shows the slide / holder S1-S6 of the section along the line XIII-XIII. Here you can see that the slider / holder slots 16 in the middle, in which the holders H1-H11 of 26 Partially extend when the turns are deposited on them.

25 shows a section along the line XIV-XIV in 21 , Here, the fixed compact coil bundle can be seen enlarged, in which the winding layers are wound into each other interlocked.

27 - 33 show a third embodiment of the second basic variant of the first solution of the problem.

27 . 28 show sectional drawings of a bobbin 1 ,

27 . 28 The winding body has a core 4 and holders H1-H11 over which the turns are wound. The winding body 1 limits the coil 3a in the direction of the winding axis 2 through lateral boundaries 5 , The upper part of the coil in 28 is drawn in partial section and is in 30 to see enlarged. Also the upper part of the coil in 27 is in 33 shown enlarged. Here are the holders H1 to H11 uniform width to see, which is based on the smallest turn arc of H1.

31 shows the enlargement of the sectional area of the lower coil bundle in 28 ,

32 Here, the fixed compact coil bundle can be seen enlarged, in which the winding layers are wound into each other interlocked.

29 shows the same folding body of 22 , with the coil to be folded 3a of the 27 . 28 ,

34 - 36 shows three different winding specifications for coils 3a of the 13 - 33 with even and odd number of layers of coils, which cause the coil input A 'and the coil output A''on the outside of the coil bundle of the finished coil 3b lies.

36 also shows the turning process of the winding 37 for fanning the coil bundle. The fanning is in the 14 . 21 . 28 . 34 . 35 . 36 by turning to the left, which can basically be done in other developments by rotation of the winding to the right or by a few turns to the left and from the other to the right.

37 - 49 shows embodiments of the winding and folding body for the manufacturing process, the third basic variant of the first solution of the problem.

37 - 39 show a first embodiment of the third basic variant of the first solution of the problem.

37 . 38 show sectional views of the bobbin 1 ,

37 . 38 show like the coil 3a on a core 4 is wound and wound in the later peripheral region of the coil as a compact coil bundle in a groove-shaped area, the motor-driven slide / holder on both sides 6a called S1-S4 (M11-M14), which positions the turns during winding. The coils are in the later near-axis region V-shaped around the winding posts 10 placed. The coil layers 3-1 . 3-2 extend in the later direction of movement of the machine. In the 38 In the later peripheral area, the full bundle of coils can be seen in section and in the remaining area, only the first coil layer is visible 3-1 represented as well as the unfolded coil 3a in 39 ,

39 shows a folding body 11 with the coil 3a before folding and the coil 3b after folding. The sink 3a becomes according to the direction of movement 12 about the core 9 of the folding body 11 pushed and around the folding posts 17 bent. During the folding, the winding layers slide into each other at their intended place in the compact coil bundle of the folded coil 3b ,

40 - 42 show a second embodiment of the third basic variant of the first solution of the problem.

40 . 41 show sectional views of the bobbin 1 ,

40 . 41 The sink 3a gets on the core 4 the bobbin 1 around the winding posts 10 wrapped around and in the later peripheral area in a groove-shaped receptacle to a compact coil bundle. This coil receiving area is opposite to the winding axis 2 executed tilted at an angle of 19 ° here. On both sides of the groove-shaped coil receiving area are motor-operated slide / holder 6a marked S1-54 of motors M15-M18.

42 shows a folding body with the coil 3a before folding and the coil 3b after folding. During folding along the folding direction 12 the winding layers slide into each other at their intended place in the compact coil bundle of the folded coil 3b , The special feature of this folding device 11 lies in the structure of the core 9 of the folding body 11 , It consists of two wings, each hinged on one corner, serving as folding posts 17 work, are rotatably mounted. The sink 3a is pushed onto this core and the compact wound coil bundle areas in receiving grooves 54 inserted. After that, the folding wings 18 panned and the coil 3a around the folding posts 17 bent until the coil is the final shape 3b reached.

43 - 45 show a third embodiment of the third basic variant of the first solution of the problem.

43 . 44 show sectional views of the bobbin 1 ,

43 . 44 The sink 3a gets on the core 4 the bobbin 1 around the winding posts 10 wrapped around and in the later peripheral area in a groove-shaped receptacle to a compact coil bundle. This coil receiving area is opposite to the winding axis 2 executed tilted at an angle of 19 ° here and the coil layers are wound into each other toothed, which can be dispensed with laterally engaging slide / holder.

45 shows a folding body 11 with the coil 3a before folding and the coil 3b after folding. During folding along the folding direction 12 the winding layers slide into each other at their intended place in the compact coil bundle of the folded coil 3b , Special feature of this folding device is that the folding posts 19 linearly movable and are in the folding process of position 1 by position 2 move and with it the coil 3a in its final form 3b bring. Through the toothed winding stand the winding posts 10 in the 44 close side by side. The coils are alternately placed around different winding posts. This is shown by the two illustrated coil layers 3-1 . 3-2 , wherein the first coil layer 3-1 black is highlighted in the magnification.

46 - 49 show a fourth embodiment of the third basic variant of the first solution of the problem.

46 shows a side view of the bobbin 1 , Here, the complete coil bundle, so the finished wound coil is shown.

47 shows a plan view of the bobbin 1 , wherein in the sectional view of the coil bundles in the later peripheral region, the full coil bundle is shown and in the remaining area only the first two winding layers.

48 . 49 show side views with partial cross sections in the coil region, wherein only the first two winding layers of the coil bundle are shown.

50 to 59 show manufacturing method of the second solution of the problem.

50 - 55 show a first manufacturing method of the second solution of the problem.

50 shows the coil 3a whose winding layers are shifted against each other both in the later areas close to the axis (here upper and lower coil area) and in the later peripheral areas (here hatched area, middle)

51 . 53 show a bobbin 1 for making the unfolded coil 3a ,

51 shows the finished coil 3a on the winding body 1 with the engines M29-M31 and M33-M36 the slide S1-S16, H1 and H2.

52 shows the coil as a plan view with translucent coil bundle.

50a - 50d show alternative winding body 1 to the in 50 that have different winding cores 4 and due to the spool shapes are suitable for different machine shapes, such as drum, ball, double cone machines and disk machines, and have different shapes of off-axis conductors, such as U- and V-shaped.

53 shows the finished wound coil bundle in the cut, which also in 54 . 8b you can see. It is also the arrangement of the slide motors M27-M32 in this area to see in 54 . 1a - 8b have been omitted for clarity, with the winding technique in 54 you can see.

54 shows a winding instruction for the winding of the coil 3a on the winding body 1 who in 51 . 52 in the upper section ( 1a - 8a ) the upper diamond-shaped cutting area of the coil 3a in the peripheral area of 51 and in the lower sectional view ( 1b - 8b ) the diamond-shaped sections of the coil 3a along the line XXVIII-XXVIII in 52 shows.

55 shows the folding process in 50 to 54 prefabricated coil 3a around a disk-shaped folding body 11 in two steps marked by the numbers ( 1 .) and ( Second ). In the first step ( 1 .) becomes the unfolded coil 3a around the folding body 11 folded and in the second step ( 2 .) Are the coil legs in the circumferential direction of the folding body 11 bent up to preferably approximately to the radial course of the legs.

56 - 59 show a second manufacturing method of the second solution of the problem.

56 . 57 show sectional views of a bobbin 1 for making the unfolded coil 3a ,

56 essentially shows only the coil 3a and the winding body 1 which is similar in construction to the one in 51 , only the supporting elements of the coil, such as the winding posts 10 , The coil receiving area in the area near the axis is constructed in a diamond shape.

57 shows a bobbin 1 on the unfolded coil 3a wrapped around winding posts, between two boundary bodies 5 run. In the later peripheral region of the coil (now coil center) grip laterally powered punch 20 in the coil area and form each turn of the coil V-shaped direction coil center.

58 shows a plan view of the coil 3a in 57 where only the coil is shown.

59 shows the folding process in 56 . 57 prefabricated coil 3a around a folding body 11 in three steps. In the first step ( 1 .) becomes the unfolded coil 3a around the folding body 11 folded. During this process, the in 56 visible V-shaped ladder sections in the second step ( 2 .) to a compact coil bundle together. In the third step ( 3 .) Are the coil legs bent in the circumferential direction of the folding body until they are preferably radially.

60 shows the manufacturing method of the third solution of the problem.

60-3 shows a basic structure of the winding in front view with the seat of the slide in the later near-axis and in the peripheral region of the winding.

60-1 shows the order of winding of the turns starting with winding 1 , The sink 3a is here wound so that the coil start A 'and the coil end A''lie on the outer circumference of the coil bundle. The isolating slide 21 are connected together and are pulled out of the coil by application of the force F1. By the forces F2, the coil bundle is compactly pushed together, as it is in 60-2 is apparent. The slides S1, S2 in 60-1b regulate the coil guide in this area for this embodiment.

60-2 shows the coil 3a after the slides between the turns have been removed by the force F1 and the partial coils have been pushed together by the forces F2 and the side frame has been removed. In the next step, the coil, similar to in 55 folded.

61 - 63 show a manufacturing process of the eleventh solution of the problem.

61 shows the history of the formation of a folded coil in a molding 11 in three phases. The left coil 3b shows the prefabricated folded coil, for example, as in 1 . 2 or 3 wrapped and then folded around a straight folding edge of a plate. The right spool 3c shows the finished shaped coil. The middle illustration shows the coils 3b in the molding process to the coil 3c , The coil is in the peripheral area by a punch 20 loaded with the force F, wherein the coil bundle in the circumferential direction by a guide 8b a frame is limited so that the ladder move radially. The outermost turns in the bundle of coils thereby cover a distance C1. The conductor displacement is controlled by a coil limit 8c of the frame is limited in radial extent, so that the conductors extend in a U-shaped manner near the axis, which leads to a coil bundle expansion from the coil bundle width A1 to the bundle bundle width A1 + B1. If one wishes to completely avoid a radial expansion of the coil beyond the distance A1, the radial coil limitation becomes 8c along the line EE attached (Description of claim 22)

62 shows the coil to be formed 3b in the molding 11 on the core 9 sitting of the body and of the lateral coil boundaries 8a axially limited. Furthermore, the frame 43 with its radial coil limitation 8c ( 8b to see). With B1 (D1), the coil bundle width is close to the axis of the unformed coil 3b to see. The information in brackets is for section XXXV-XXXV off 63 ,

63 shows a similar molding process as 61 . 62 with the difference that the coils 3b no radial boundary during shaping in the area close to the axis 8c undergoes a frame and therefore forms a V-shaped coil. The coil bundle extension D1 is therefore larger here so that D1> B1 (FIG. 61 ).

64 to 72 show different manufacturing processes of a fifth solution of the problem.

64 . 65 show a first manufacturing method of a fifth solution of the problem.

64 . 65 show a winding device, which is in two parts and is electrically and mechanically connected by a plug St. The winding body has a plate-shaped core 4 around the outer edge of the coil 3 is wound. In the edge region of the plate are groove-shaped Spulenaufnahmebereiche 54 , which are bounded by the motor housing M42 to M45 and each of which a slider / holder 6a protrudes into the coil winding area. The slider / holder are height adjustable in addition to their sliding function, which is indicated by the arrows of the direction of movement. In the later near-axis area of the coil 3 the coil receiving area is limited by the slides S5-S10 and / or their motors M46, M41 and M47, M48. A ladder guide 22 During the winding, the conductor moves the conductor into the area of the slides, where they place the windings in exact position. The motors M41, M43, M44, M47 are supplied with electrical current via the plug St and the conductor L1. To remove the fully wound coil, the upper plug part is disconnected with the motors M41, M43, M44, M47.

66 . 67 show a second manufacturing method of a fifth solution of the problem.

66 . 67 show a winding device which is constructed in its function similar to that of 64 . 65 , In contrast, the winding process of the second winding layer is wound from outside to inside with stair sliders S2, S4, S5, S7. Each of the motors M51, M53, M49, M50 contains a stair valve 23 which is height adjustable to the height. The slider S6, S10 of the motors M54, M52 is also height adjustable and serves as a shifter of turns on a plane after the stair gate 23 , here S5, S7 have withdrawn. By way of illustration, S6 is in 67 drawn out.

68 - 71 show a third manufacturing method of the fifth solution of the problem. 68 . 69 show a winding device for producing the coil in its bent or folded end shape.

68 . 69 show the winding device during the winding of the second coil layer 3-2 , which is wound on average radially from outside to inside. The winding body is similar in structure as in the 66 . 67 and 64 . 65 , In contrast, the windings are bent over the shaping slides of the motors M55 and M58, which in cross section in 72 are shown. They have a slot in the middle like a dovetail in the hook-shaped slide H1, H2 of the motors M56 or M57 can engage around the turns of each slide 6 to take. All slides or the motors of the slides including these are height adjustable.

The Coil layers are wound into one another, which is preferable here is circular cyclic, with the transition region of the conductor from one winding groove to another, preferably into the peripheral area or in the area close to the axis. In addition to the production possibility A highly efficient toothed winding has this manufacturing process the advantage that the coil bundle in the transition area not expanded in air gap direction; but across it in the direction of movement the rotation of the machine. Thus, the coil has a continuous conductor bundle thickness in the entire air gap direction and can thus be completely in one uniform air gap lie.

70 shows the winding process in a peripheral region of the motors M57 and M58 of 68 in twelve pictures, in which essentially the production of a coil layer from the inside to the outside ( 1 . 8th to 11 ) and the production of a coil layer from outside to inside in the 2 to 7 , and in 12 Winding a coil layer in the circumferential direction, so that the coil is located with two coil ends in the outer circumference of the coil bundle. The hook-shaped slide H2 is height-adjustable and the other slides S5-S9, SH2 are advantageously only linearly displaceable.

71 shows the winding process in an area of the coil approaching the axis, the area of the motors M59 and M60 in FIG 69 in eight pictures.

In essence, the winding process of coils that are wound from the inside out 1 . 4 to 6 shown and from a coil layer, which is wound from outside to inside 2 . 3 , and finally in 8th the winding of a coil layer in the direction of the later axis of the machine, so that the coil is located at the beginning of the coil and the coil end in the peripheral region of the coil bundle.

72 shows the cross-section at the top end of the valves of the motors M55 and M58, the center of which have a slot in which the hooks H1, H2 of the motors M56 or M57 can engage.

73 - 78 show manufacturing process of the twelfth solution of the task.

73 - 78 show only two-layer circular cyclic coils, but the coils can have any number of layers. At the in 74 - 78 shown types of coil construction are coil start A 'and coil end A''at least for an even number of coil layers, as required in the third point of the task, in the outer periphery of the coil bundle.

73 . 73a . 73b shows the basic structure of a cyclic winding.

73a shows a circular cyclic coil which is right-hand, with the coil beginning A 'and the marked transition point Z, in which a new coil layer begins. The winding has the same distance R from the bobbin center except for the area b.

73b shows that too 74a corresponding lingsgängige circular cyclic coil with the coil end A ''.

73 shows the partial coil of 73a and 73b congruent to a two-layer circular cyclic coil folded, the nature of which is that the turns of a coil layer can run in the grooves of the underlying coil layer.

74 shows a two-layer circular cyclic coil, which has the transition region Ü in an approaching the later axis area and in the folding area FF, the coils are interlocked.

75 . 77 shows a two-layer circular cyclic coil, each having two transition areas Ü, which lie in the subsequent folding area FF of the folded coil.

76 . 78 shows a two-layer circular cyclic coil having a transition region which lies in the later peripheral region of the folded coil.

79 - 84 shows a manufacturing method of the fourth solution of the problem

79 - 84 shows manufacturing method of coils in the section of the coil bundle, the coil layers spiral or preferably circular cyclic and are alternately wound from the inside of the coil to the outside and then from the outside of the coil to the inside. Here, preferably, the coil start A 'is wound with a continuous wire, in which two partial coils are wound in opposite directions from the inside to the outside ( 79 - ( 1 ) 84 - ( 16 . 17 )).

79 shows in seven winding steps so a coil manufacturing process, wherein in 1 . 2 and in 6 . 7 the winding of partial coils is shown from the inside to the outside. The winding of a partial coil from outside to inside is in 3 - 5 to see.

A special feature of this winding method, which also forms the basis of the fourth solution of the task is the use of a separating slide 21 , which initially serves as a partial partition between two coils, of which at least one is being rewrapped. After completion of the newly wound partial coils, the separating slide 21 removed from the winding room and the sub-coils pushed together with a laterally engaging coil bundle presser 24 ,

Another special feature is the winding of the sub-coil from the outside to the inside, for which here arranged step-shaped slide 23b be used.

80 shows the use of a stair valve 23c of the 83a . 83b used in the winding of a three-layer coil for winding a partial coil from the outside of the coil to the inside ( 1 - 4 ) and, moreover, as a winding limit in the winding from outside to inside ( 5 ).

81 shows a staircase 23b which is built like a compact staircase and which forms a single slider.

82 shows a staircase 23b , which is formed of individual independently movable sliders and in 79 is used.

83 shows the slider 21 and a stair valve in a side view, this being the stair valve 23a or 23b or 23c of the 81 . 82 . 84 can be.

84a . 84b shows a staircase 23c , whose steps can be pushed together on the same level as an escalator, and whose use in 80 is shown.

85 - 92 Show production method of the sixth solution of the problem.

85 - 89 shows a manufacturing process for a stamped, milled or etched winding 3 in one machine in the per air gap section 36 ' . 36 '' two carrier discs, each with an applied disc winding 26 available.

85 shows disc windings which are circumferentially riveted by distance 27 are connected. An inner conductor plate 26b '' with their circumferential rivets is by the spacer rivets, which are the outer conductor plates 26a ' . 26b ' connect, see. The disc windings are in section in 88 to see. The winding comprises the deposit disc 35 that the conductor disks 26a ' . 26b ' in 86 fixed, and the invisible central magnetic body 25 who in 86 you can see.

86 shows a complete machine to which the winding out 85 belongs. The winding 3 includes the middle magnetic body 25 that already when riveting the coil together ( 85 ) is integrated into the winding. The sink 3 is by magnetic poles 28 surround. In the near-axis area is the coil 3 over a collector 29 with the wave 31 unilaterally connected.

On the spool 3 are wings 33 attached to the pumping of coolant, the coolant through holes or slots 34 in the housing and is discharged. The wave is in the camps 32 stored. The coil is complete with the inner magnetic body 25 on the shaft during assembly fit exactly together with bearings 32 pushed and the coil disc between the collector 29 and deposit disc 35 firmly pinched.

87 shows the current profile of a wave winding 3 from 88a . 88b with 8 magnetic poles per air gap section 36 ' and 36 '' , where both conductor layers 26a ' . 26b ' and 26a '' . 26b '' of the respective air gap section 36 ' . 36 '' drawn slightly apart. The bold drawn current curve 55 is for egg NEN circulation drawn through all conductor layers translucent.

88 shows the winding of 87 divided into slices differentiated.

88c - 88f show each conductor layer alone, with 88c . 88d the outer discs 26a ' . 26a '' and the 88e . 88f the inner conductor disks 26b ' . 26b '' shows.

In 88a . 88b in each case the two conductor courses are each in an air gap section 36 ' ( 88a ) 36 '' ( 88b ). The special feature of this winding is that the conductors of both winding layers in the 88a and 88b each congruent.

In the 89 is a basically same winding structure too 88 to see, with the difference that the winding layers are arranged within an air gap portion in the peripheral region rotated by half a winding step against each other and thus lie on the gap. This current profile is in principle equal to that from the 88 only the few coil sides are within the influence of another pole, since the coil sides of the disc windings 26a ' . 26b ' respectively. 26a '' . 26b '' twisted by half a winding step to each other lie on the gap.

90 shows a detailed drawing of a winding 3 similar to that of 85 . 86 with the difference that here only one carrier disk per air gap section 26 is present, the two sides of the conductor discs 26a ' . 26b ' or 26a '' . 26b '' wearing. The conductor discs and carrier plate are by spacer rivets 27 connected.

91 shows a detailed drawing of a winding 3 similar to that of 85 . 86 with the difference that here only one carrier disk per air gap section 26 is present, the two sides of the conductor discs 26a ' . 26b ' or 26a '' . 26b '' wearing. And the ladder, the inner conductor disks 26b ' . 26b '' on the outer layer of the conductor disks 26a ' . 26a '' with conductor sleeves 37 are plated through to a winding surface 59 ,

The carrier discs 26 be here by a hollow cylinder 58 connected, the outside stripline 38 carries that through ladder angle 39 with the ladders of the discs 26a . 26a ' . 26b . 26b ' get connected.

92 shows a detailed drawing of a winding similar to that of 85 . 86 with the difference that here only one carrier disk per air gap section 26 is present, the two sides of the conductor discs 26a ' . 26b ' or 26a '' . 26 '' wearing. The conductors of the inner and outer conductor disks have conductor tongues which over the carrier disk 26 protrude and lie axially to each other twisted gap. The carrier discs 26 are, much like in 91 through a hollow cylinder 58 with outside conductor strips 38 connected, with the difference that the hollow cylinder 58 has grooves on both end faces, which are embedded in every other conductor strip. Through these grooves are the lead tongues 41 the inner conductor plate led to the outside. All conductor tongues are bent around the jacket of the hollow cylinder and soldered to the conductor strips 38 ,

93 - 96 A manufacturing method of the seventh and ninth solutions show the object of an eight-pole two-layered DC winding.

93 shows a side view of the winding in 104 and the two-layer, eight-pole DC winding of the winding scheme of 94 . 96 , A winding circulation is as well as in 94 . 96 highlighted in bold. In the near-axis region, the windings are a four-fold spiral ring 42 wound, which can be performed differently. One version is in the detail drawing 93b to see, which is due to the winding guide hook at its end intended to remain in the winding.

93b-1 shows in a detailed drawing an embodiment of the spiral ring 42 , which is rotated after completion from the winding and removed.

93a shows the winding profile in the peripheral region, wherein between hollow cylindrical frame 43 ( 58 ) and medium magnetic body 25 spacer 44 in the form of laterally pushed through posts 44a (see also 103b ) are introduced.

93a-1 shows that the middle magnetic body 25 and / or the inner edge of the hollow cylinder 58 ( 43 ) for fixing the spacers 44 can be performed slightly grooved. In this embodiment, it is the middle magnetic body 25 that carries grooves on the outer circumference. The ladders are for illustration shown transparent.

94 . 96 show the winding diagram of the winding of 93 with a bold drawn winding circulation which also in 93 is visible and marked poles 28 and the current flow in the coils.

95 shows the quadruple spiral ring 42 of the 94 . 96 with the marking (hatched) of a spiral arm and the indicated coils 3 ,

97 to 102 show a manufacturing method of the seventh solution of the object of a two-pole DC winding.

97 shows a coil 3 that have a frame 43 , the middle magnetic body 25 completely surrounds, with the winding requirement of 101 . 102 is wound. The frame ( 43 ) is composed of two half-shells, as in 97a can be seen more clearly. The spools ( 3 ) are in the peripheral region of the grooves 54 inserted, like 97a . 98a-1 demonstrate. The wave 31 with the camps 32 are indicated here only in their functions.

98 The individual conductors were drawn translucently, which illustrates the number of overlaps of the conductors. The course of a ladder was highlighted in bold, as in 98a . 98b , The pole division is in 98b shown and in 98 indicated. Here it is also clear that thick magnets can be invested in the vicinity of the axis, since the magnetic surface is small and thus the magnetic volume is low.

99 . 100 show a manufacturing method of a two-pole DC winding, which can be switched as any DC winding as a three-phase winding, in which the winding is divided into three parts, which are connected in delta or star. 99 shows another possibility of embodiment opposite 97 in which the wave 31 in storage 32 only indicated, but firmly connected to the frame of the winding. The sink 3 is over a frame 43 , the middle magnetic body 25 completely surrounds with the winding requirement of 101 . 102 wound. The frame is composed of two half-shells, as in 99a can be clearly seen. In the peripheral area, the coils are between winding posts 46 alternatively wound to grooves of 97a . 98a-1 ,

100 shows the number of overlaps of the conductors, which is illustrated by the translucently drawn individual conductors. The course of a ladder is highlighted in bold, as well as in 100a . 100b ,

100a shows the pole pitch in 100 was only hinted.

101 . 102 show the winding instructions of the bipolar winding of 97 - 100 ,

103 . 104 show a manufacturing method of a multi-pole double-layered DC winding of 93 - 96 after the seventh and ninth solution of the task.

103 . 104 show a manufacturing method of a multi-pole double-layered DC winding of 93 - 96 where the coils 3 in the peripheral area over a hollow cylindrical frame 43 Wrapped by spacers 44 in the form of axially inserted pins 44a to the middle magnetic body 25 is fixed. A variant of the spacers are radially inserted spacers 44b how screws ( 103b-1 ) or locking pins ( 103b-2 ). In the near-axis region, the coil is over a quadruple spiral ring 42 wrapped, as well as in 93 . 93b . 93b-1 . 95 . 96 ,

During or after the winding, axially acting punches press 20 or coil bundle press 24 ( 103 ) the winding with the force F1 to a two-layer winding ( 104 ), with cradle angle 47 be used to adjust the distance of the coil 3 to the middle body 25 observed. The spiral ring 42 stays in the winding in this case. In another embodiment, the spiral ring 42 out 93b-1 taken from the winding and the coil similar to in 105 by the with the force F1 axially acting punch 20 ( 24 ) pressed to a continuous two-layer coil.

105 shows a manufacturing method of the eighth solution of the problem in a sectional view similar to that in FIG 103 ,

105 shows a manufacturing method in a sectional view of a two-layer DC winding 3 over a hollow cylindrical frame 43 that has a medium magnetic body 25 surrounds, which is mounted eccentrically within a hollow cylinder and always in the current winding area of the coil 3 with the hollow cylinder 58 comes into contact. A special feature here is that the middle magnetic body 25 axially in the disk body 25a and 25b divided, wherein in the peripheral region through the hollow cylinder 58 radially inserted spacers 44b between the discs 25a and 25b protrude and so the hollow cylinder 58 with respect to the discs in the axial position. The two discs 25a and 25b are here by way of example connected to each other in the vicinity of the axis by a thread and rotatable against each other, whereby the distance of the discs is regulated to each other. The winding takes place with the aid of axially acting punches 20 ( 24 ) hold the coil in the short term when laying exactly in position.

106 . 107 show a manufacturing method of the seventh and tenth solution of the problem in a sectional view similar to that in FIG 103 a two-layer DC winding 3 to.

106 . 107 show a manufacturing method in sectional views of a central magnetic body 25 , which is used as a winding body and axially in two disk body 25a . 25b that is for wrapping around twice the mechanical air gap length 36 axially in 106 are moved apart. In this case, unlike 105 are the disk bodies 25a , b near the axis through a fit 56 connected and their distance from each other by threaded screws ( 106b . 107b ) fixed in conjunction with radially between the discs 25a , b engaging spacers 44b , The spacers are in designated slots 106a embedded in the disk body and fix the frame 43 , the hollow cylindrical body 58 showing in cross section a bridge profile, wherein the axially outer bridge piers on the circumference of the disk body 25a , b during the winding ( 106a ). The winding works much like too 105 explained. 106c shows a comb-shaped spacer 44c , the alternative for the slide used 44b ( 106a ) and the screw fixation 106b is used radially in the peripheral region.

107 shows the manufacturing process 106 after completion of the winding, with the spacers 44b in the form of radially engaging slides are removed from the winding. ( 107a ). The two disk bodies 25a . 25b become the middle magnetic body 25 pushed together or turned. In this case, this is done by tightening the screws in 107b ,

108 . 109 show a manufacturing method of the seventh and ninth solution of the problem by means of sectional drawings, similar to those in 103 a two-layer DC winding 3 ,

108 . 109 show a manufacturing method in sectional drawings of a central magnetic body 25 which serves as part of the bobbin during the winding. The winding 3 becomes a frame 43 ( 108a ), which has a bell-shaped form, wherein the boundary of the winding on the one hand by the frame and on the other hand by the axially displaced central magnetic body 25 is formed. The frame 43 and the middle magnetic body are by axially inserted spacers 44a fixed to each other during the winding ( 108a ), which are removed again after the winding ( 109a ). After or during the winding, the winding is pressed by axially engaging punch with the force F1 in shape, so that emerge uniform coil areas corresponding to the number of superimposed coil layers. The winding corresponds to the 97 . 98 ,

110 shows a manufacturing method of the ninth and tenth solution of the object of a DC winding based on a cross-sectional view through a central magnetic body 25 , similar to the one in 103 ,

110 shows a manufacturing process of a DC winding based on a cross-sectional view through a central magnetic body 25 , which is designed to be divided axially and the winding via a frame 43 in the form of a hollow cylinder 58 takes place, as well as on the axially pushed apart disk body 25a B. In the peripheral area are the hollow cylindrical frame 43 and the discs 25a , b by axially inserted spacers 44a fixed in the form of pins to each other, as in the near-axis region by axially inserted or key-shaped spacers 44c of the 110b , Alternatively, the comb-shaped spacers of 106c be used. Another alternative for the use of one of the shown hollow cylindrical frame, shows 111 , wherein the hollow cylindrical frame shown there has a T-profile and consists of a volatilizing material, such as wax or ice, which volatilizes by heating or by a chemical reaction after winding from the winding, so that the discs 25a . 25b thereby to the middle magnetic body 25 be pushed together and in the peripheral region an air gap between the central magnetic body and winding remains.

112 . 113 show a manufacturing method of the seventh solution of the task for assembling and casting a winding with individual coils 3 that overlap each other in two views.

112 shows the finished machine in cross section. The spools 3 are around the middle magnetic body 25 folded over and overlap each other in the near-axis region of the magnetic poles 28 is omitted. The coil runs in the two air gap sections 36 ' . 36 '' and is peripherally connected to the housing. The conclusion of the magnetic poles and the central magnetic body are firmly connected to the shaft.

113 The windings were potted into two semicircular windings, which in the first step around the middle magnetic body 25 be plugged radially and are joined together in the second step by two individual coils, which are then shed or glued together in total in the still open disc area, which is not shown here. The externally overlapping coils are formed widened in the axial region.

114 to 116 show another manufacturing method according to the seventh solution of the object of the winding of the 112 ,

114 shows a centering body 49 in which the coils 3 that the middle magnetic body 25 surrounded, centered and aligned. The middle magnetic body 25 is passed through a device with the force F against the upper inside of the coil and a potting frame 50 pressed. The upper coil layer is according to the plan view in FIG 116 already shed.

115 shows the next production step after that of 114 wherein the other side of the coils are shed together. The process is the same as in 114 , as well as the top view in 116 ,

116 shows the top view of the potted coils of 114 , wherein the potting compound 48 through a frame 50 is limited.

117 . 118 show a manufacturing method according to the seventh to ninth solution of the object of an electric machine with a bell-shaped winding, which approaches the shaft on one side.

117 . 117a - 117d show four assembly steps in which six prefabricated parts (Part 1-Part 6) are assembled to the machine.

117a shows the assembly of the first two parts (part 1, part 2), wherein the first part (part 1) of a hollow shaft 51 consists of a cylindrical magnet body 28 is surrounded. This part is in the prefabricated bell-shaped coil 3 introduced, followed by the hollow shaft 51 sticking out of the winding around in the second assembly step ( 117b ) to be accurately connected to the part 3. Part 3 includes a short hollow axle 51 that fit 56 with hollow axle 51 of Part 1. Within the short hollow axle is a bearing 32 fitted, said hollow shaft and the bearing by a disc-shaped return body or magnetic body 28 is surrounded, which forms the one end-side housing cover.

In the next production step the 117c becomes part 4, consisting of a wave 31 on which a second camp 32 sits and firmly with a disc-shaped winding support 52 connected, in turn, the collector 29 wearing. This part 4 comes with the shaft 31 in the hollow axle 51 and the first camp 32 inserted and fitted until the winding 3 surrounds the winding support and is glued to this. The coil ends 53 be with the collector 29 connected.

In the fourth assembly step in 117d the existing part becomes a hollow cylindrical housing 57 introduced and on a front with one of the brushes 30 encapsulated housing cover containing and on the other front side of the shell body with the disc-shaped housing part (Part 3) is screwed.

118 shows the fully assembled machine 117 on average.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

Claims (59)

Method of producing a highly efficient electric double-pole coil or winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ), which belongs to an electric machine and which in cross section to the direction of movement about a central, magnetic, rotationally symmetrical body ( 25 ) is bent or folded, and at least one side of this body of an axle or shaft ( 31 ) approximates the machine, and / or the assembly within an electrical machine characterized in that the coil ( 3 ) is a single coil, which is located on both sides of the central magnetic body ( 25 ) of the axle or shaft ( 31 ) approximates the electric machine, and the coil initially on a winding mandrel ( 2 ) and / or winding body ( 1 ) is wound with several turns and coil layers and then the resulting unfolded coil ( 3a ) on a folding body ( 11 ), between its outer limiting bodies ( 8th ) and its Faltkörperkern ( 9 ) to the Faltkörperkern ( 9 ) and folding edges or posts ( 10 ) between the boundary bodies ( 8th ) and Faltkörperkern ( 9 ), seen in the axial direction of the subsequent electric machine (Faltachsrichtung), to a generally V- or U-shaped coil ( 3b ) is bent or folded, which is on both sides of the circumferential region of the coil, with V- or U-shaped coil parts, the later machine axis or shaft ( 31 ) approximates. Method of producing a highly efficient electric double-pole coil or winding with such coils ( 3 ) according to the preamble, characterized in that the coil ( 3 ) is a single coil with multiple turns and coil layers, and this coil on a winding mandrel ( 2 ) and / or winding body ( 1 ) is wound and then transversely to the direction of movement of the later rotation of the electric machine to a, seen in the axial direction of the subsequent electric machine, generally V- or U-shaped coil ( 3b ) with at least one of the axis or shaft ( 31 ) bent or folded approximately V- or U-shaped coil region, and that the individual coil layers differ transversely to the direction of movement of the subsequent rotation of the electric machine and first in the axial direction ( 31 ) of the later electric machine are offset from each other and wound with different winding length and / or that on the mandrel ( 2 ) or bobbin ( 1 ), inner turns with respect to the respective outer winding with a longer partial turn length in the subsequent folding area of the coil (FIG. 3 ) are wound, wherein the extension of the windings is generated in the subsequent folding area. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or their assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that the extension of the Teilwindungslänge is generated in the subsequent folding area of the coil, in the later folding area, the windings are wound shifted along the winding axis, wherein the displacement is made larger, the farther the Winding lies inside. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that the extension of the Teilwindungslänge is generated in the subsequent folding area, in which the windings are wound extended winding axis direction, in which each turn during the winding winding winding axis direction by a defined length bent inwards is, wherein the resulting extension of the winding within a coil layer is the same, but continuously decreases from the inside out and the outer coil remains undeformed. Method of producing a highly efficient electric double-pole coil or winding with such coils ( 3 ) according to the preamble, characterized in that the coil ( 3 ) as a single coil on a winding mandrel ( 2 ) and / or winding body ( 1 ) is wound with a plurality of turns and coil layers, and that windings of different winding layers in the cross section of the later coil bundle are wound radially one above the other or partially obliquely to the winding axis and these superimposed turns in winding axis direction on both sides at least partially by a frame, the respective coil receiving area ( 54 ) preferably in the form of radially or obliquely to the winding axis sliding separators ( 21 ), and successively wound turns, with the exception of the edge turns of the later coil bundle, in an adjacent coil receiving area (FIG. 54 ), wherein these coil receiving areas are preferably at least partially in the later fold and near-axis area and the frame of the coil receiving areas ( 54 ), preferably in the form of separating slides ( 21 ) is removed from the coil after the winding and the turns of the coil ( 3 ) are then pushed together into a compact coil bundle and this prefabricated single coil is preferably then bent or folded into its final shape. Method of producing a highly efficient electric double-pole coil or winding with such coils ( 3 ) according to the preamble, characterized in that the coil ( 3 ) is a single coil, which is located on both sides of the central magnetic body ( 25 ) of the axle or shaft ( 31 ) approximates the electric machine, and this coil on a winding mandrel ( 2 ) and / or winding body ( 1 ) is wound with several turns and coil layers and that the coil ( 3 ) seen in the cross section of the coil bundle in at least two coil receiving areas ( 54 ), wherein first a conductor length of the total conductor length of the coil is used to a preferably spiral circular cyclic partial coil, from the junction with the remaining conductor length of the coil, to the physical conductor end A 'around the winding body or winding mandrel in a coil receiving area 54 until the conductor end A 'in the peripheral region of the coil ( 3 ) comes to rest, wherein the first turn of this partial coil remains connected to the residual conductor length and this conductor then in the second coil receiving area 54 is preferably wound to a helical, single-layer and preferably circular-cyclic coil until it reaches the intended circumferential region of the coil, then either both partial coils are combined in the first coil receiving area in which, the coil receiving areas, delimiting isolating slide ( 21 ) are removed, and the coils are pushed together in the winding axis direction, which is repeated at each subsequent, wound part coil, or each further sub-coil is in its own coil receiving area ( 54 ), wherein the coil receiving areas ( 54 ), delimiting separating slide ( 21 ) are removed after completion of the winding and then the individual partial coils in the axial direction of the winding axis by a Spulenbündelpressvorrichtung ( 24 ), like a stamp ( 20 ), and in the case of using spiral coils, these are wound alternately from outside to inside and then from the inside to the outside with a continuous wire and the winding preferably with the aid of a winding aid, such as sliding and / or holding devices, such as lateral slides ( 6b ), Hooks ( 6a ) or stair gate ( 23 ), wherein the last partial coil is preferably wound from the inside to the outside, so that the second coil end A "also comes to lie in the outer circumference of the spiral bundle. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the assembly according to any one of claims 1,5,6, characterized in that in the direction of movement of the later rotation of the electric machine adjacent partial coils of the single coil in the direction of later peripheral region of the electric machine are offset from each other and / or wound with different winding length Taking into account different bending radii for the subsequent bending or folding of the coil. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the mounting according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the individual conductor coils (turns) of the single coil are displaced relative to each other at least in a later peripheral region of the coil, in cross-section along the winding axis, both in the direction of this peripheral region and in the winding axis direction or twisted and wound with different winding lengths, so that the individual conductor coils fan out at least in a later peripheral region and / or near-axis region, wherein the winding lengths are selected as corresponding to the corresponding winding length of the finished folded compact coil, wherein at least one coil region engages closely and is compactly wrapped. Method for producing a double-pole electric coil or a winding with such coils ( 3 ) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the individual coil layers of the individual differ transversely to the later direction of movement of the rotation of the electric machine and in at least one subsequent near-axis region of the machine either in the axial direction of the winding mandrel ( 2 ) or bobbin ( 1 ) V-shaped to each other or in alignment of the winding mandrel and fanned transversely thereto, with different winding length, are wound and wound in the later peripheral region of the electric machine as a compact bundle. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the mounting according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the individual conductor coils of the single coil on a winding body ( 1 ), which has two limiting bodies ( 5 ) for the coil receiving area ( 54 ) of the coil, from which or between the sliding and / or holding devices ( 6 ) in the coil receiving area ( 54 ) on which the individual conductor coils are wound and / or which serve for the winding guide, and that the finished wound coil ( 3a ) subsequently by one or more winding posts ( 10 ) or Faltkörperkanten be bent or folded parallel offset the later axis of rotation of the electric machine, but part of the winding body ( 1 ) or part of a special bending or folding device ( 11 ) to which the prefabricated coil ( 3a ) is pushed to bend or fold. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that the individual conductor coils initially via slide ( 6b ) of different cross-sectional shape, then on sliders / holders ( 6a ) are laid down uniform cross-sectional shape and that correspond to the cross sections of the slide necessary for the compact end coil bending radii of Einzelleiterspulen or the Einzelleiterspulen on radially to the winding axis or the later machine axis working sliders ( 6b ) or stair gate ( 23 ), whose end edges specify the different bending radii of the individual individual conductor coils. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that the individual conductor coils directly via holders ( 6c ) or slider / holder ( 6a ) are wound with a uniform cross-sectional shape and the different winding lengths of adjacent coils in the later compact coil bundle is achieved by a shift and the adjustment of the angle of inclination of the holder to the winding axis. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the mounting according to one of claims 1 to 4, 7 to 12, characterized in that the individual conductor coils of the individual coil on the winding body ( 1 ) are wound so that they result in a compact coil bundle at least at one point of the overall coil that the cross section of the end coil ( 3b ), wherein this point is preferably in the later near-axis region or in a later peripheral region of the electric machine. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the assembly according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the direction of the lapping of the successive turns in the coil winding of the single coil, seen in cross-section of the coil bundle, either later in the near-axis region in the winding axis direction and later in the peripheral region obliquely to run, and / or runs in the region close to the axis transverse to the winding axis direction, as in the peripheral region and / or in the later near-axis region and peripheral region zig-zags runs, or the coil is kaotisch predominantly wound from small winding length to the larger. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the assembly according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the winding of the single conductor coil on the outer edge of the coil bundle of the later finished coil ( 3b ) is started with the coil start A 'and ends here with the coil end A'', which is preferably achieved for an even number of winding layers that differ in later air gap direction, characterized in that initially started from the outer region of the later coil bundle a Windungslage is laid from Einzelleitersperspulen and then backwards from inside to outside a second Winding situation is laid, etc., and this is achieved for an odd number of winding layers in later air gap direction in which is moved as before, but at least one winding layer of Einzelleitererspulen, seen in section, is wound zigzag. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the mounting according to any one of claims 9,13,14,15, characterized in that the V-shaped mutually shifted or fanned conductors around winding posts ( 10 ), a sliding and / or holding device ( 6 ) or the like, and in the later peripheral area by a groove-shaped receptacle with lateral boundary ( 5 ) is limited to a compact bundle, wherein the coil ( 3a ) is bent or folded after this winding in which it is preferably on a folding body ( 11 ) is pushed, and then the coil either by holding the later achsnahen area and simultaneously targeted movement of the peripheral region or by targeted movement of the region near the axis and holding the peripheral portion of the coil its final form ( 3b ) gets. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the mounting according to any one of claims 9,13,14,15, characterized in that the V-shaped mutually shifted or fanned conductor by slider and / or holder ( 6 ), which are mounted on both sides of the coil bundle, are brought into position and held and in this way one coil layer after the other is preferably wound toothed, wherein the slide and / or holder ( 6 ) are preferably operated by a motor. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the assembly according to one of claims 1 to 4.7 to 17, characterized in that the coil bundle in the later peripheral region of the electric machine, that, seen in cross-section, is compactly wound and tilted to the winding axis by an angle total. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or their mounting according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the turns of the winding layers of the single coil in the cross-section of the coil bundle seen in the later peripheral region of the finished coil ( 3b ) exactly superimposed (turn over turn, not serrated) are executed, wherein the conductor has a rectangular or round cross-section. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the mounting according to one of claims 1 to 4, 6 to 18, characterized in that the winding layers of the single coil seen in cross-section of the coil bundle at least in a later peripheral region of the finished coil ( 3b ) are interlocked, wherein the conductors have a round cross-section. Method of producing a highly efficient electric double-pole coil or winding with such coils ( 3 ) according to the preamble, characterized in that the coil ( 3 ) is a single coil with several turns and coil layers, which initially on a mandrel ( 2 ) and / or winding body ( 1 ) in a plane to a coil ( 3a ) is wound and then along an axis of symmetry of the coil transverse to the later direction of movement of the rotation of the electric machine to a core body ( 9 ) of a folding body ( 11 ) is bent or folded, and the coil ( 3b ) after folding in the peripheral region, the circumference of the inner core body ( 9 ) is formed in which a radial force F via a rotatable punch ( 20 ) or the like is exerted on the coil layers in the peripheral region, so that the coil layers move against each other predominantly in the direction of the later axis or shaft of the electric machine, and after forming the coil layers later in the axis at least in some areas at a distance from each other, this is the prefabricated, so wound and folded coil ( 3 ) on a core body ( 9 ) of the shaping device ( 11 ), the contour of the middle magnetic body ( 25 ) of the electrical machine plus the mechanical air gap length ( 36 ), pushed or set, so that the already folded coil ( 3b ) before forming in the peripheral region only with an inner winding and in the axis of the generally U- or V-shaped area with all the body facing turns the inner core body ( 9 ) of the shaping device ( 11 ), wherein after forming all the inner core body ( 9 ) facing turns of the coil ( 3c ) of the peripheral region of the inner body ( 9 ), and thus the radially exerted force F acts as a displacement of the turn to each other in the near-axis region, the coil legs are at least later in the axial direction (later air gap direction) by a coil limitation preferably in the form of limiting discs ( 8a ) and preferably also at least outside the coil in the later direction of movement of the Rotation of the electric machine by a coil limit ( 8b ), so that the windings initially move against one another in the direction of the axis and fill free spaces there. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or their mounting according to claim 21, characterized in that in the shaping of an arbitrary deflection of the ladder is limited to the later axis of the electric machine out in the region close to the axis, in which a body ( 8c ) preferably in the middle of the coil ( 3 ) or along a transverse to the radius line EE is mounted in the air gap, which limits the axis approach of the winding and the turn at further radial displacement laterally of this boundary ( 8c ), so that preferably a more U-shaped coil ( 3 ) in the near-axis region after forming. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the mounting according to one of claims 2 to 7, 13, 14, 15, 21, 22, characterized in that the prefabricated still unfolded coil ( 3a ) in a section transverse to the direction of movement about the outer edge of a core body ( 9 ) of a folding body ( 11 ) is bent or folded around and then in the peripheral region of the coil ( 3b ) connected legs of the generally U- or V-shaped bent or folded coil ( 3b ) in the plane of movement at an angle to each other or be bent so that they then run on the radius of the central inner body of revolution or lean against him and that the coil ( 3c ). Method of producing a highly efficient electric double-pole coil or winding with such coils ( 3 ) according to the preamble, characterized in that the coil ( 3 ) is a single coil with several turns and coil layers, and this coil on a winding body ( 1 ) is wound, in which the coil is preferably wound in layers alternately from outside to inside and then from inside to outside, etc., wherein on the winding body ( 1 ) at least in the fold area and / or near-axis area of the coil, inside and / or outside of the coil receiving area ( 54 ), Sliding and / or holding devices ( 6 ) are mounted, which control the conductor guide of each turn and which are preferably operated by a motor. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the mounting according to one of claims 1 to 21, 24, characterized in that the winding body ( 1 ) on both sides of a coil receiving area ( 54 ) via sliding and / or holding devices ( 6 ), which allow a layer-wise winding, wherein in the later peripheral region of the coil ( 3b ) preferably in each case a hook-shaped slider / holder ( 6a ), which already laid, preferably holds on a staircase-shaped foundation, turns in position, and him opposite slide ( 6b ) specify the position in which the respective turn is placed, wherein the slide ( 6b ) have at their top a slot into which the hook ( 6a ) engages when it takes the slide a misplaced conductor coil and then holds this in position. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or their mounting according to one of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that at the beginning of the winding, a second conductor length of the coil with the one conductor end A '' is left behind and the coil ( 3 ) associated with the first part length of the coil within a coil receiving area ( 54 ) is wound in layers until the resulting first partial coil in the outer periphery of the later coil bundle of the coil ( 3 ) ends with the coil end A ', then or at the same time as the winding of this first partial coil, the left-behind second conductor length, which at the start of the winding from the coil receiving region ( 54 ) was led out of the first part of the conductor length, wound with the opposite sense of winding to the first part of the coil, until they also the peripheral portion of the later coil bundle of the coil ( 3 ) is reached with the second conductor end A '', and the coil receiving areas ( 54 ) of the two partial coils thus formed initially by a separating device ( 21 ) are separated, which is then removed between the sub-windings and the sub-coils are axially collapsed to a first overall coil, preferably the first sub-conductor length is wound into a single-layer spiral, preferably circular cyclic coil, and the separating device ( 21 ) either a slider ( 6b ) or the back of the hook-shaped slider / holder ( 6a ) or the lateral slides ( 6b ), which also serve to wind the first part coil, or a slide ( 6b ), which is radially slidable from inside to outside, is. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the assembly according to one of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that the coil is a single coil with a plurality of turns and coil layers, and these Coil on a winding body ( 1 ) is immediately wrapped in the bent or folded final shape. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or their mounting according to one of claims 24 to 27, characterized in that in the circumferential region each coil layer extends in the direction of movement of the subsequent rotation of the electric machine and in each peripheral region and near-axis region in each case a sliding and / or holding devices ( 6 ) with at least one slider / holder ( 6a ) is mounted inside and outside of the coil bundle, which are each adjustable in height and each slide / holder ( 6a ) can overstretch the full coil bundle, and in the coil layer, which is wound from the inside out, turn by turn is placed side by side until the full coil bundle width is reached in the direction of movement, the internal slide / holder ( 6a ) hold a holding function to hold the already laid turn in position, and the outer slide / holder compactly collapses the bundle of coils after every new turn, and the first turn around the inner one in the case of the reel turn wound from outside Slider / holder is placed in the exact, required for the end coil winding length, and the second turn loosely between the then dissolved inner slide / holder ( 6a ) and the first turn is placed at the next moment with the inner slides / holders ( 6a ) press the second turn on the inside against the first and the first turn of the outer slide / holders ( 6a ) is held in position until the second turn is applied, and so on until the reel position is complete and the next position is initiated from inside to outside, as described above. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the mounting according to one of claims 24 to 27, characterized in that extending in the peripheral region each coil layer in the direction of movement of the subsequent rotation of the electric machine and in each peripheral region and near-axis region in each case a sliding and / or holding device ( 6 ) with at least one slide ( 6b ) or slider / holder ( 6a ) preferably inside and outside of the coil receiving area ( 54 ) is mounted, each of which is height-adjustable and the slide ( 6b ) or slider / holder ( 6a ) can overwrite the full coil bundle, and in the coil layer, which is wound from inside to outside, turn after turn is placed side by side until the full coil bundle width is reached in the direction of movement, and that the inside of the coil lying slide ( 6b ) a staircase form ( 23 ), which increases from the outside inwards, wherein the winding layer, which is wound from outside to inside, is placed on these stairs upwards from the bottom, and the steps are dimensioned so that each winding the exact necessary winding length of the finished coil ( 3 ), so that when the stair sliders ( 23 ) are pulled inwards out of the coil bundle region, the turns are brought by gravity and / or by means of sliders and / or holders, preferably in the region close to the axis, on a layer plane and the turns are then in the case that immediately in the final shape was wrapped, they lie exactly in each other. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or their mounting according to one of claims 24 to 27, characterized in that the coil layers extend radially in the peripheral region and that the winding layers are wound alternately radially from inside to outside and then from outside to inside, wherein one or both sides of the coil bundle Sliding and / or holding devices ( 6 ) are mounted, which control the winding in the coil bundle area. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or their mounting according to claim 30, characterized in that in the peripheral region of the bent or folded coil, the coil layers extend radially to the later axis or shaft of the electric machine and that the lying between the two peripheral regions of the coil sliding / holding device ( 6 ) in the peripheral area a hook shape ( 6a ) and the sliding / holding device in the peripheral area as many slides ( 6b ) plus one, as there are different Windungsradien in the coil layer, which is wound radially from outside to inside, where the slides each provide the corresponding bending radius and onion-like superposed, and in the near-axis region each inside and outside of the coil bundle Sliding and / or holding devices ( 6 ), and the first coil layer is wound radially from the inside to the outside, in which all outer slides are equally pushed out in the peripheral region, so that a narrow slot between the sliders and the outer boundary of the coil region is available for receiving the first winding layer , and the second radially extending layer is wound radially from outside to inside, in which the outer turns are wound in the circumferential region on the corresponding slide with the appropriate bending radius and then with the inner hook-shaped holder ( 6a ) are held in position, it is continued until the innermost turn laid and the situation is complete, after is again wound from the inside out and so on until the full coil bundle width is reached in the direction of movement of the later rotation of the electric machine, and the one end of the coil A 'lies in the outer region of the coil bundle, finally, preferably a stored conductor with the length for a Coil layer in the direction of movement, which was during the winding in the interior of the coil, spirally placed in the direction of movement from the inside out, so that the second end A '' of the coil then comes to rest in the outer region of the coil bundle. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the mounting according to one of claims 1 to 5, 6 to 10, 13 to 15, 18 to 27, 30, 31, characterized in that inside the wound body ( 1 ) a sliding and / or holding device ( 6 ) in the form of sliders ( 6b ) or sliders / holders ( 6a ), which are in the radial direction to the winding axis or to the later axis of the electric machine pushed out and adjustable in height or instead of a stair valve ( 23 ), preferably in the form of an escalator ( 23c ) is slidable in height and the sliding direction is radially to the later axis or shaft of the electric machine, and outside of the coil bundle at least one slider which is slidably mounted in the direction of movement of the subsequent rotation of the electric machine, which limits the winding space or the coil layers to a bundles compact bundles of coils and the single conductor coil via the radially sliding slide ( 6b ) or stair gate ( 23 ), whose front edges specify the different bending radii of the single conductor coil. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the assembly according to any one of claims 29,32, characterized in that the stair valve ( 23 ) of a number of individual slides ( 6b ), each of which forms a step, or consists of the stairs ( 23c ) is pushed together in the direction of movement or in the circumferential or in the axial direction in the manner of an escalator to a plane to bring the sub-coil to a plane. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the assembly according to one of claims 1 to 33, characterized in that the turns of two coil layers are interlocked at least in a folding area intertwined and that the turns are wound spirally and preferably circularly and the transition region preferably in a peripheral region of the coil is settled. Method of producing a highly efficient electric double-pole coil or winding with such coils ( 3 ) according to the preamble, characterized in that the winding of printed, stamped, etched or milled coils in rigid and / or flexible form consist of either conductor or conductor layer bent or folded around the peripheral region of the central magnetic body and then at least in a region close to the axis can be connected to another coil and / or a collector or to at least two disk bodies ( 26 ), which are on both sides of the mitleren magnetic body ( 25 ) of the axle or shaft ( 31 ) and the coil sides of the two disk bodies ( 26 ) in the peripheral region with each other electrically and mechanically by welding, riveting, gluing, screwing, soldering or the like or by flexible conductor layers, preferably without interruption to the axis or shaft ( 31 ), and the middle magnetic body ( 25 ) by the bending or folding of the conductors or by the connection of the two disk bodies ( 26 ) is enclosed in the peripheral region. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the mounting according to claim 35, characterized in that the two disk bodies ( 26 ), each on one side of the inner body ( 25 ) of the axle or shaft ( 31 ) in each case in an air gap area ( 36 ' or 36 '' ), contain at least two conductor layers, wherein the coil sides of the two conductor layers ( 26a ' and 26b ' or 26a '' and 26b '' ) in the achsnahen area of each disk body ( 26 ' . 26 '' ) are electrically connected to each other and coil sides of the two layers of a disk body ( 26 ' ) in layers with those of the second disk body ( 26 '' ) are connected in the peripheral region. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the mounting according to claim 36, characterized in that each of the two conductor layers ( 26a ' and 26b ' or 26a '' and 26b '' ) has its own carrier disk, wherein first the middle magnetic body ( 25 ) closest conductor layers ( 26b ' . 26b '' ) are joined together with carrier disc in the peripheral region and then the outer Leiterschich carrier plate together with each other in the peripheral region, wherein the outer conductor layers ( 26a ' . 26a '' ) with carrier disc have a larger diameter and these have the inner conductor layers ( 26b ' . 26b '' ) including the carrier disk, and the two conductor layers ( 26a ' . 26b ' or 26a '' . 26b '' ) located on one side of the middle magnetic body ( 25 ) are in the vicinity of the axis are connected to each other and the conductors preferably on the same radius in the peripheral region and the coil sides in the near axis region involute or oblique and in the peripheral region, preferably radially, run, the conductors are designed to be wider towards the periphery and preferably in break down narrow, parallel conductors, which are connected electrically connected in parallel in the peripheral region and near-axis region, and each individual conductor coil extends over all four conductor layers ( 26a ' . 26b ' or 26a '' . 26b '' ). Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or assembly according to claim 36, characterized in that each of the two disk bodies ( 26 ) within an air gap section, at least two conductor layers ( 26a ' . 26b ' or 26a '' . 26b '' ), which are applied on a common carrier disk in each case on one side, and preferably the conductor track width in the peripheral region of the outer conductor disks ( 26a ' . 26a '' ) is reduced to about half and the other half of the surface of the electrical and / or mechanical connection of the outwardly guided conductor of the inner conductor plates ( 26b ' . 26b '' ) serves. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or their assembly according to claim 35 to 38, characterized in that the disc-shaped body of the two axis or shaft approaching areas in the peripheral region are connected by spacer rivets or rivets with spacer sleeves, which preferably also serve as electrical conductors. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or their mounting according to one of claims 35 to 39, characterized in that the conductor ends of the inner conductor layers ( 26b ' . 26b '' ) electrically through vias (conductor sleeves) or the bending of conductor tongues ( 41 ), which project beyond the carrier material of the carrier disk to the outer edge of the disk body ( 26 ), or by riveting or the like, on the outside of the disk body ( 26 ) and the conductors of the two disk bodies ( 26 ' . 26 '' ) of the air gap areas 36 ' . 36 '' directly or through a hollow cylinder ( 58 ) of the outside preferably axially extending conductor strips ( 38 ) are connected, in which the head of the disk body directly with each other or with the heads of the cylinder body ( 58 ) are electrically and mechanically firmly connected by riveting, soldering, welding or the like, so that a compact bobbin drum is formed. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the assembly according to claim 40, characterized in that the hollow cylinder groove-shaped recesses ( 40 ) at both outer edges, through the conductor tongues ( 41 ) of the internal disk winding ( 26b ' or 26b '' ) are led directly to the outside and with the conductor strips ( 38 ) of the hollow cylinder ( 58 ) are connected directly by a mechanical bending and subsequent electrical connection and the coil sides of the outer conductor plates ( 26a ' . 26a '' ) with the conductor strips ( 38 ) of the hollow cylinder by extra conductor angle ( 39 ) or by overhanging and bent conductor tongues ( 41 ) in the peripheral region of the disk winding or by bent overhanging conductor tongues of the conductor strips of the hollow cylinder ( 58 ) get connected. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the mounting according to one of claims 35 to 41, characterized in that the rivets ( 27 ) are designed as countersunk rivets, in solid or hollow form, which extend in the conductor and carrier plate tapered outward in diameter increasingly. Method of producing a highly efficient electric double-pole coil or winding with such coils ( 3 ) according to the preamble, characterized in that the winding with the coils ( 3 ) around the middle magnetic body ( 25 ) or is composed of individual coils and at least partially encompassing them, and by distance generating means ( 44 ) a distance, in the direction of movement of the rotation of the electric machine, between adjacent and / or successively wound coils in the peripheral region of the winding, is generated. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the mounting according to claim 43, characterized in that the winding with the coils via a frame ( 43 ) is wound or put together, that the middle magnetic body ( 25 ) at least partially and that on the frame ( 43 ) and / or between frame and middle magnetic body ( 25 ) distance-generating means ( 44 ) in the form of winding holders ( 46 ), such as winding posts ( 10 ), Grooves ( 54 ) or the like, attached or embossed around or in which the coils ( 3 ) are at least partially laid or wound. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the assembly according to any one of claims 43,44, characterized in that the winding in the form of a DC winding as a wave or loop winding, the coils are wound offset by a winding step to each other and mutually overlapping two layers, is prepared, and the Coils over a frame ( 43 ) wound around the miter magnetic body ( 25 ) surrounding the machine, wherein the frame in the region close to the axis either hooks or winding posts ( 10 ), around which the coils ( 3 ) or that the coils are wound over a single or multiple split spiral ring ( 42 ) or the coils in the near-axis region by a holding device ( 24 ), like a stamp ( 20 ) or a fixing needle, are temporarily fixed in the winding and the coils in the axis or shaft ( 31 ) approaching area generally V- or U-shaped and coming from the peripheral area with the knee of the V's or U's axis or shaft direction ( 31 ) demonstrate. Method of producing a highly efficient electric double-pole coil or winding with such coils ( 3 ) according to the preamble, characterized in that the winding has the form of a DC winding as a wave and / or loop winding with coils ( 3 ), which are wound around one another by a winding step and overlap one another, preferably in two layers, the coils being wound around the central, rotationally symmetrical, magnetic body (FIG. 25 ), and this is mounted and rotated eccentrically during the winding as a whole, wherein the deviation from the central axis of the winding about the mechanical air gap length ( 36 ) corresponds to the machine, and during the winding, the location of the largest radius of the eccentric rotating central magnetic body ( 25 ) is rotated to the circumferential location of the winding, over which the conductor is wound at the moment, and during which, at the previously wound location of the peripheral area or in the area close to the axis, an externally engaging holding device (FIG. 24 ), like a stamp ( 20 ), a fixing needle or a sliding and / or holding device ( 6 ) hold the coil in position for a short time until the winding progresses and the next point is fixed, and preferably the winding over a frame ( 43 ), preferably a narrow non-magnetic hollow cylinder ( 58 ) with the height of the axial length of the central magnetic body ( 25 ) plus twice the mechanical air gap length and that between winding ( 3 ) and middle magnetic body ( 25 ) and this in the winding through the rear bearing of the central magnetic body ( 25 ) with a locking angle ( 47 ) is supported, and the winding in the peripheral area with the frame ( 43 ) or in particular the hollow cylindrical body ( 58 ) is glued during winding or subsequently. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or assembly according to claim 46, characterized in that the central magnetic body ( 25 ) is axially divided and during the winding in the axial direction by about twice the mechanical air gap length of the electric machine is moved apart, preferably preferably either during the rotation of the eccentrically mounted middle body ( 25 ) the axial movement apart of both partial bodies ( 25a . 25b ) of the middle magnetic body ( 25 ) is reduced, or circumferentially spacers 44b in the form of pins are radially embedded in the frame, which up between the part body ( 25a . 25b ) protrude the middle body and that the two partial body ( 25a . 25b ) of the central magnetic body via a thread, oblique, or plane retractable planes, a fit ( 56 ), a bayonet closure or the like, which allows axial displacement or rotation and / or locking of the two disc parts are connected together. Method of producing a highly efficient electric double-pole coil or winding with such coils ( 3 ) according to the preamble, characterized in that the winding with wire over a frame ( 43 ) or wire-wound two-pole single coils ( 3 ) is assembled over this, which the middle magnetic body ( 25 ) at least partially in the peripheral area, and that between frames ( 43 ) and middle body ( 25 ) Spacers ( 44 ) are introduced in the form of pins, strips, screws, a comb or the like, which keep the frame and the central magnetic body fixed during the winding or the coil assembly to each other at a distance and preferably simultaneously as a winding holder ( 46 ) and / or winding guide serve and the spacers ( 44 ) are at least partially removed after the winding. Manufacturing method of a high efficiency electric double pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the assembly according to any one of claims 43, 43, 48, characterized in that the winding consists of compact, mutually overlapping individual coils around the central magnetic body ( 25 ), wherein either each individual coil is preformed so that a pair of coil legs, which is connected in the peripheral region is made expanded for the position in a second coil layer or the near-axis conductor portions of at least some coils of the winding for the location in a second coil layer expanded for be prepared in a relay-shaped winding structure, and the prefabricated coils coming from the peripheral region via the middle magnetic body ( 25 ) and at least partially overlapped, and by a centering device ( 49 ) are held in position and then fixed by gluing or potting. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the assembly according to one of claims 43 to 49, characterized in that the central magnetic body ( 25 ) either as a whole each one-sided during winding and / or fixing and potting the winding as a winding and / or Vergießgrenze in one of the disc areas of the winding, in which it is pushed axially displaced to the limit of the coil legs and this serves as a stop surface or the middle magnetic body axially ( 25 ) divided and pushed apart simultaneously serves as an interface for both disc areas of the winding during winding and / or fixing and potting this, wherein a Vergussrahmen ( 50 ) forms the Vergießgrenze in the peripheral area during casting. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the mounting according to one of claims 43, 44, 45, 48, 49, characterized in that the spacer ( 44 ) is a material which liquefies or gasifies after winding by heating or chemical reaction, as is the case with wax, preferably stearin, or ice, and this is done after the winding and the spacer material then substantially disappears from the winding so that the middle magnetic body ( 25 ) is freely movable again, relative to the winding. Method of producing a highly efficient electric double-pole coil or winding with such coils ( 3 ) according to the preamble, characterized in that the winding with the coils ( 3 ) around the central, rotationally symmetric, magnetic body ( 25 ) or assembled as individual coils, whereby this is divided into two partial bodies ( 25a . 25b ) is axially divided and this during winding or assembling the winding in the axial direction by about twice the mechanical air gap length ( 36 ) of the electric machine are moved apart and the winding via a non-magnetic hollow cylinder ( 58 ) with the height of the axial length of the telescoped middle magnetic body ( 25 ) and this surrounds takes place, and the two partial body ( 25a . 25b ) are held to each other and in relation to the hollow cylinder by spacers in a defined locked position, wherein either the hollow cylinder ( 58 ) or parts of it are spacers or the part bodies ( 25a . 25b ) even spacers or additional spacers ( 44a . 44b . 44c . 44d ) are introduced. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the mounting according to one of the claims 44, 48, 52, characterized in that the spacers ( 44 ) either radially operating slide ( 44b ) are in the peripheral region through the hollow cylinder ( 58 ) through between the partial bodies ( 25a . 25b ), preferably in slot-shaped guides of the discs ( 25a . 25b ), the distance between the part bodies ( 25a . 25b ) to each other and the hollow cylinder ( 58 ) with respect to the partial bodies ( 25a . 25b ) or comb-shaped means ( 44b ), which are plugged radially in the peripheral region or laterally in the axial region, such as a key are inserted into the lock and then rotated, wherein the "key comb" the part body ( 25a . 25b ) holds each other in position or radially inserted spacer pins ( 44b ), which in the peripheral area between the part bodies ( 25a . 25b ), wherein their position to the part body in the axial direction by additional means, preferably screw or comb-shaped means ( 44c ), near the axis, while winding are fixed, or a hollow cylinder ( 44d ) with at least partially T-profile in cross-section, which consists of by heating or a chemical reaction to be volatilized material, such as wax or ice. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the assembly according to any one of claims 52,53, characterized in that the hollow cylinder ( 58 ), the spacer itself contains in that it reduces its inner radius in the axial direction at both outer edges in section (bridge profile), so that support supports are provided, which on the moved-apart part bodies ( 25a . 25b ) of the middle magnetic body ( 25 ), but which are non-contact to these, when the body parts are pushed together again. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the assembly according to claim 1 to 54, characterized in that the core ( 4 ) of the wound body ( 1 ) or mandrel ( 2 ) around which the coil is wound has a narrow strip shape, an octagonal shape, a rectangular shape, a hexagon shape, a diamond shape, a circular shape or an elliptical shape in section across the winding axis. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the assembly according to any one of claims 43,46,48,52, characterized in that the winding has a one-sided axis approach and is wound in a bell shape and solidifies self-supporting and via the magnetic core ( 28 ), which is supported on a hollow axle ( 51 ), is pushed, so that the hollow axle protrudes through the winding in the winding part approaching the axis, and whose outer wall is the limit for a fit ( 56 ), over which a disk body with a short hollow axle ( 51 ) fitted with a magnetic disk body and a bearing ( 32 ) for the shaft, wherein in the subsequent manufacturing step the shaft ( 31 ) with the second storage ( 32 ) in the hollow axle ( 51 ), whereby the shaft ( 31 ), which are fixed on one side with the winding support disk ( 52 ), which is the collector ( 29 ), and the winding carrier disk ( 52 ) in the winding ( 3 ) and is glued to it, the winding ends ( 53 ) with the collector ( 29 ) and finally the drum-shaped housing ( 57 ), which simultaneously forms the magnetic return of the machine, over the entire so prefabricated part so far axially slipped and with a disc-shaped housing body, the brushes ( 30 ) and electrical connections, in the axial direction firmly connected, so that the hollow cylindrical housing part ( 57 ) Is firmly connected to the mounted disc-shaped housing parts and so the winding connected to the shaft can rotate freely in the axial and radial air gap. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or the mounting according to one of claims 43, 44, 45, 46, 48, 52, 56, characterized in that during or after the winding the conductors in the axis or shaft ( 31 ) approaching area in the air gap direction by a pressing device ( 24 ) and then strengthened, resulting in a smaller bundle bundle thickness in the air gap direction in the peripheral region of the coil parts approaching the axis or shaft than in the near axis region, so that the winding has one or more steps in section in each coil region approaching the axis whose conductor sections between the steps of the stages, then can lie in a uniform air gap section. Method of producing a highly efficient electric double-pole coil or winding with such coils ( 3 ) according to the preamble, characterized in that the coil is a single coil, which on a winding body ( 1 ), the sub-coils ( 3-1 . 3-2 . 3-x , where x ≙ 1,2,3 ... n) are wound in layers alternately from the inside of the coil to the outside and then from the outside of the coil to the inside of the coil, whereby the partial coils of the respective layer are wound in a circular-cyclic manner, which means that each coil layer ( 3-1 . 3-2 or 3-x ) runs in a single layer and in principle spirally with the special feature that every single turn in the winding course runs as if the winding returns to its starting point and shortly before this would change their position by a slightly bent course within a transition range Ü and then the next turn, in the new position changed by one winding step, and in this short transition area Ü in which the direction change of the turn takes place, the turn conductor, adjacent turn layers ( 3-1 . 3-2 ), and, preferably, the coil layers mesh with one another in the predominant part of the winding circulation. Method of producing a high-efficiency electric double-pole coil or a winding with at least one of these coils ( 3 ) and / or their assembly according to claim 58, characterized in that the at least one transitional region Ü in which conductors of adjacent coil layers intersect in the peripheral region or in the region of the coil close to the axis 3 and the single coil is preferably immediately wound into the bent or folded final shape.