DE10132483A1 - Bivalent drinking water heater comprises a drinking water mixer, a circulation, and a lower dispensing line connected between an upper heating surface and a lower heating surface - Google Patents
Bivalent drinking water heater comprises a drinking water mixer, a circulation, and a lower dispensing line connected between an upper heating surface and a lower heating surfaceInfo
- Publication number
- DE10132483A1 DE10132483A1 DE2001132483 DE10132483A DE10132483A1 DE 10132483 A1 DE10132483 A1 DE 10132483A1 DE 2001132483 DE2001132483 DE 2001132483 DE 10132483 A DE10132483 A DE 10132483A DE 10132483 A1 DE10132483 A1 DE 10132483A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- drinking water
- circulation
- heating surface
- bivalent
- water heater
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
- F24D17/0015—Domestic hot-water supply systems using solar energy
- F24D17/0021—Domestic hot-water supply systems using solar energy with accumulation of the heated water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
- F24D17/0078—Recirculation systems
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Nutzung der thermischen Solarenergie für die Trinkwassererwärmung mit bivalenten Speichern erreicht in Anlagen mit Zirkulation weniger als 25% Nutzungsgrad und kann durch Einführung der thermohydraulischen Weiche im Speicher, das heißt bessere Deckung der Zirkulationsverluste erheblich erhöht werden. The use of thermal solar energy for drinking water heating with bivalent storage is achieved in systems with circulation less than 25% efficiency and can be implemented by introducing the thermo-hydraulic switch in the Storage, which means better coverage of circulation losses can be increased significantly.
In Deutschland werden Trinkwassererwärmungsanlagen mit thermischen Solarkollektoren üblicherweise mit bivalent beheizten Speicher-Trinkwassererwärmern ausgerüstet. Die Speicher haben zwei Heizflächen und werden oben von Primärenergie auf ca. 60°C aufgeheizt und im unteren Speicherteil von Solarenergie auf die jeweils mögliche Temperatur vorgewärmt. In Germany, drinking water heating systems with thermal solar collectors are usually included bivalent heated DHW cylinder. The storage tanks have two heating surfaces and are heated up by primary energy to approx. 60 ° C and in the lower storage part by solar energy to possible temperature preheated.
Zur Nutzung d. h. für Zapfung und Zirkulation wird die Austrittstemperatur des Speichers von 60°C über Trinkwassermischer für das Netz mit Kaltwasser auf 45°C herunter gemischt. To use d. H. the outlet temperature of the storage tank is above 60 ° C for tapping and circulation Drinking water mixer for the network mixed with cold water down to 45 ° C.
Der Nachteil dieser üblichen Reihenschaltung mit Nachheizung auf 60°C liegt in einem garantierten Primärenergieverbrauch von zum Beispiel 42% für eine unnötige Temperaturerhöhung von zum Beispiel 45°C im Vorwärmer auf 60°C im Nachwärmer. The disadvantage of this usual series connection with reheating to 60 ° C is a guaranteed one Primary energy consumption of, for example, 42% for an unnecessary temperature increase of, for example, 45 ° C in the preheater to 60 ° C in the post-heater.
In Anlagen mit größerem Verteilnetz, bei denen auf die Zirkulation nicht verzichtet werden kann, nimmt man aus Komfortgründen erhebliche Wärmeverluste für die Warm- und Zirkulationsleitungen in Kauf. Die, durch Auskühlung des Wassers im Verteilnetz auftretendenden Zirkulationsverluste, senken den Nutzungsgrad der zentralen Trinkwassererwärmung um ca. 50%! In systems with a larger distribution network, where circulation cannot be dispensed with, one takes Considerable heat losses for the warm and circulation pipes in purchase for reasons of comfort. By Cooling of the water in the distribution network occurring circulation losses reduce the efficiency of the central drinking water heating by approx. 50%!
Wird die Trinkwasserzirkulationsleitung wie üblich bei bivalenten Solarspeichern oben am Behälter angeschlossen und die Anschlussleitung des Trinkwassermischers an Kaltwasser nach Bild 1, so werden die Zirkulationsverluste in diesen Anlagen fast ausschließlich von Primärenergie gedeckt! If the drinking water circulation line is connected to the top of the tank as usual with bivalent solar storage tanks and the connection line of the drinking water mixer to cold water as shown in Figure 1, the circulation losses in these systems are almost entirely covered by primary energy!
Nur, wenn die Solarenergie ausreicht, den ganzen Speicher über 60°C zu erwärmen, wird Solarenergie auch zur Deckung der Zirkulationsverluste genutzt. Das ist aber erfahrungsgemäss nur dann der Fall, wenn, wie im Urlaub, kein Bedarf vorliegt. Solar energy only becomes available if the solar energy is sufficient to heat the entire storage tank above 60 ° C also used to cover circulation losses. Experience has shown that this is only the case if, how on vacation, there is no need.
Zur Beseitigung aller beschriebenen Nachteile von bivalenten Speichern (1) mit Zirkulationsanschluss wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, die Zirkulation (2) und die Kaltwasser-Leitung (7) zum Mischer (3) wie in Bild 2 dargestellt zwischen den beiden Heizflächen (8) und (9) am Behälter (1) so anzuschließen, so dass sich im Bereich zwischen den Heizflächen eine "thermische und eine hydraulische Weiche" (4) für das einströmende Zirkulationswasser, das Wärmeangebot von der Solarheizfläche (9) und die Zapfleitung (7) zum Mischer (3) für das, von Solarenergie erwärmtes Wasser im unteren Behälter (5) ergibt. In order to eliminate all the above-described disadvantages of bivalent storing (1) with circulation connection, it is proposed according to the invention, the circulation (2) and the cold water pipe (7) to the mixer (3) as shown in Figure 2 between the two heating surfaces (8) and (9 ) to the tank ( 1 ) so that there is a "thermal and a hydraulic switch" ( 4 ) in the area between the heating surfaces for the inflowing circulation water, the supply of heat from the solar heating surface ( 9 ) and the tap line ( 7 ) to the mixer ( 3 ) for the water heated by solar energy in the lower container ( 5 ).
Um Temperaturerhöhungen an der unteren Heizfläche (9) durch das einströmende Zirkulationswasser zu vermeiden, wird durch Anordnung und Bauart der Anschlüsse (2) und (7) dafür gesorgt, dass die Dicke der Grenzschicht im Bereich der thermischen Weiche (4) möglichst gering ist. Das fällt leicht, da die Zirkulationswassermenge gering ist und bei waagerechter Einströmung schon bald nach dem Eintritt in den Behälter auf eine Geschwindigkeit von weniger als 0,15 m/s herabgesetzt ist. Bei dieser geringen Geschwindigkeit überwiegen dann die thermischen Bedingungen im Behälter, so dass sich eine funktionierende thermohydraulische Weiche (4) zwischen den beiden Heizflächen ausbildet. In order to avoid temperature increases on the lower heating surface ( 9 ) due to the inflowing circulation water, the arrangement and design of the connections ( 2 ) and ( 7 ) ensure that the thickness of the boundary layer in the area of the thermal switch ( 4 ) is as small as possible. This is easy because the amount of circulating water is low and, with horizontal inflow, is reduced to a speed of less than 0.15 m / s soon after entering the tank. At this low speed, the thermal conditions in the tank then predominate, so that a functioning thermo-hydraulic switch ( 4 ) is formed between the two heating surfaces.
Ergebnis ist die Deckung der Zirkulationsverluste mit Solarenergie ab z. B 43°C im unteren Behälter (5) und nicht erst ab 60°C wie bei der üblichen Anschlussweise nach Bild 1. The result is the coverage of the circulation losses with solar energy from z. B 43 ° C in the lower container ( 5 ) and not only from 60 ° C as with the usual connection method according to Figure 1.
Der Aufwand für den beschriebenen Anschluss am bivalenten Solarspeicher lohnt sich doppelt, da nicht nur der zwangsweise Verbrauch von Primärenergie vermieden wird, sondern gleichzeitig der thermischen Nutzungsgrade für die Solarkollektoren (20) verbessert wird. The effort for the described connection to the bivalent solar storage system is doubly worthwhile, since not only the compulsory consumption of primary energy is avoided, but at the same time the thermal efficiency for the solar collectors ( 20 ) is improved.
Die Verbesserung des thermischen Nutzungsgrades für die Kollektoren (20) resultiert aus einer erheblichen Steigerung der Entnahmemengen aus dem solarbeheizten Vorwärmer (5) (bessere Kühlung). The improvement in the degree of thermal utilization for the collectors ( 20 ) results from a considerable increase in the quantities withdrawn from the solar-heated preheater ( 5 ) (better cooling).
Zur weitergehenden Verbesserung von Solaranlagen mit bivalenten Speichern (1) und Zirkulation (2) wird ebenfalls vorgeschlagen den Brauchwassermischer (3) mit einem Stellmotor (12) auszurüsten und mit Hilfe eines Sollwertgebers (13) von den Zapfstellen (14) aus zur Erreichung variabler Netztemperaturen ansteuerbar zu machen. Auf diese Weise kann der Benutzer, wie heute schon bei elektronisch gesteuerten Durchflusserhitzern üblich, die gewünschte Temperatur an der Zapfstelle wählen und den Anlagenwirkungsgrad durch die Wahl der jeweils nötigen Temperatur beeinflussen. To further improve solar systems with bivalent stores ( 1 ) and circulation ( 2 ), it is also proposed to equip the domestic water mixer ( 3 ) with a servomotor ( 12 ) and with the aid of a setpoint device ( 13 ) from the tapping points ( 14 ) to achieve variable network temperatures to make it controllable. In this way, as is already the case today with electronically controlled flow heaters, the user can select the desired temperature at the tap and influence the system efficiency by selecting the temperature required in each case.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2001132483 DE10132483A1 (en) | 2001-07-05 | 2001-07-05 | Bivalent drinking water heater comprises a drinking water mixer, a circulation, and a lower dispensing line connected between an upper heating surface and a lower heating surface |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2001132483 DE10132483A1 (en) | 2001-07-05 | 2001-07-05 | Bivalent drinking water heater comprises a drinking water mixer, a circulation, and a lower dispensing line connected between an upper heating surface and a lower heating surface |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE10132483A1 true DE10132483A1 (en) | 2003-01-23 |
Family
ID=7690630
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE2001132483 Withdrawn DE10132483A1 (en) | 2001-07-05 | 2001-07-05 | Bivalent drinking water heater comprises a drinking water mixer, a circulation, and a lower dispensing line connected between an upper heating surface and a lower heating surface |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE10132483A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202009007493U1 (en) | 2009-05-26 | 2009-08-13 | F.W. Oventrop Gmbh & Co. Kg | Transfer station for the joint connection of solar systems and service water systems to storage |
-
2001
- 2001-07-05 DE DE2001132483 patent/DE10132483A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202009007493U1 (en) | 2009-05-26 | 2009-08-13 | F.W. Oventrop Gmbh & Co. Kg | Transfer station for the joint connection of solar systems and service water systems to storage |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |