DE10114902A1 - Multiple house connection for water and fuel includes central heating plant complete with burner and flame stabilizer as ceramic plates radiating off pipe and corrugated so pairs form outward gas channels. - Google Patents

Abstract

The niche (1) also contains a central heating plant (9) complete with burner and gas and air inlet with multi-perforated nozzle pipe and flame stabilizer. Stabilizing is by plates radiating from the pipe, the plates corrugated to give flow channels where paired and out to the outer plate rim. The plant (9) is in a partitined part (A) of the niche and a second partitined part (B) accommodates the distribution cabinet (7) with fuse and meter. The water connection (2) has its own meter (3) and possibly water filter. The niche stands 300 mm deep and the central heating plant comprises heat pump or fuel cell. Connection (8) is for telecommunications with photovoltaic plant generating 42-43 DC.

Description

The invention relates to a multi-line house connection the preamble of claim 1.

Such a multi-line house connection is known from EP 0 976 880 A1 known. - The well-known multi-line house connection inte grades all essential connections in a niche, which lockable with a door the size of a room door is. The multi-line house connection according to the state of the art is already highly integrated and space-saving.

Installation components, e.g. B. a distributor housing the electricity meter and fuses most, be accommodated. - The simultaneous placement a gas connection and current-carrying components a safety risk due to the possibility of sparking ko. Another disadvantage of the well-known multi-line house conclusion is that this essentially only the Connections. For central heating and hot water A special room must be provided for the generating device.

The object of the invention is a multi-line house connection to indicate which an improved integration of Hausan and installation components.

This object is solved by the features of claim 1. Appropriate configurations result from the features of claims 2 to 35.  

According to the invention it is provided that in the niche a central heating device is added. - That invented feature according to the invention is surprising for the person skilled in the art. Zen central heaters are usually in a separate th room. It was not expected that a central heating device also in the niche of a more branch house connection can be integrated.

The central heating device can be a burner for one Gas / air mixture with an inlet for the gas / air mixture have a downstream of the inlet Nozzle tube is provided, the outer surface of which is a large number of breakthroughs and wherein the nozzle tube radially from surrounded by a means for stabilizing the flame.

The proposed burner has excellent heat coupling on. A gas / air mixture can be particularly low be burned to emission levels. The burner can also be designed extremely compact so that it stands out enough to integrate into the multi-line House connection is suitable.

The term "gas / air mixture" is used here a flammable gas, e.g. B. natural gas, propane and the like, with Air or another suitable oxidizing agent understood the mixture, the mixing ratio so ge is chosen that a combustion is possible.

The diameter of the openings provided in the nozzle tube is expediently chosen so that a flashback in the nozzle tube is not possible. The breakthroughs can be one Diameters in the range from 0.5 to 2.0 mm, preferably 1.3 up to 1.5 mm. The means to stabilize the flame  has the function of limiting the combustion chamber and at the same time the flame temperature too comparative and too low Another function is to stabilize the Flame. The means to stabilize the flame is not un indirectly surrounded by a housing. The heat can go on be uncoupled. Because of the radial arrangement of the A particularly large one is used to stabilize the flame ß surface for heat extraction reached. The Auskopp lungsfläche z. B. ent the surface of a cylinder jacket speak. The radial arrangement of the stabilizing agent the flame also has the advantage that ver real volume radially increasing towards the outside nizierend flow channels of the agent for stabilizing the expanding combustion gases quickly abge the flame can be led. It arises on average for stabilization the flame does not accumulate heat, which further increases the heat extraction improved.

Advantageously, the inlet is a blower for transportation of the gas / air mixture downstream in the nozzle tube. Thereby it is ensured that there is always a sufficient amount of Gas / air mixture through the nozzle tube to stabilize sieren the flame is supplied.

The nozzle tube can be made of a refractory ceramic that is in front is preferably made of ceramic fibers. The refractory ceramic expediently has a porosity from 75 to 95% by volume. Such a ceramic is characterized in practical use characterized by durability. In particular egg ne ceramic made using ceramic fibers exhibits a high level due to its particularly good breaking strength Downtime. The ceramic is expediently together consists of about 50 wt .-% aluminum oxide and 50 wt .-% silicon oxide.  The nozzle tube can of course also be from others suitable materials, e.g. B. heat-resistant metals, Quartz glass, glass ceramic and the like.

The means for stabilizing the flame is expediently formed from a plurality of radially extending from the nozzle tube and extending with an axial distance from each other arranged washers. The washers can be held on the nozzle tube by friction. The surface of the annular discs advantageously has a large number of further openings. The further openings can be rectangular or round. The opening area of the further openings is expediently about 1 mm ² . The washers can be made of a refractory, preferably having a lattice-like structure, ceramic. This can be a fabric made from mullite fibers, which is taken up in a matrix formed from aluminum oxide. The surface of the washers is expediently corrugated, so that de flow channels are formed between two adjacent washers from the nozzle tube to the outer peripheral edge of the washers. The wave crest lines of the waves run, preferably curved, from the center to the circumferential edge of the ring disks, so that between two adjacent ring disks from the nozzle tube to the outer peripheral edge of the ring, preferably curved, continuous flow channels are formed.

It has been shown that such flow channels a special good decoupling of those generated by the combustion Cause heat.

According to another design feature, the ring shit ben provided between two near the ends of the nozzle tube  others made of fireproof ceramics Ring disks arranged. Limit the other washers the combustion chamber at the end. They have the function of an ther mix insulation. You are expediently from a po rusty alumina ceramics, which however has no breakthroughs.

The means for stabilizing the flame can also consist of one three - dimensional metal mesh, a porous ceramic or Like. Be manufactured.

The means to stabilize the flame is after a be particularly advantageous design feature - without one there between the wall - surrounded by a heat exchanger. Coupled out of the flame stabilizer The heat is highly effective in the heat exchanger circulating liquid medium. The heat exchanger can in turn be surrounded by a housing.

The heater can also be equipped with a device device should be provided in the in a fuel supply line a first mass flow sensor for determining a first measurement value, a device for measuring a second measured value the viscosity of the fuel or a function thereof and a dosing valve are switched on, whereby in an air Supply line a second mass flow sensor to determine egg nes third measured value is switched on, with a means for Control of the mass flow of air is provided, one Data processing device for regulating the mass flow of the fuel provided by the first metering valve is, the mass flow of the fuel depending on the first and second measured value is adjustable so that a before given calorific value of the fuel delivered per unit of time  is kept substantially constant, and with means of the data processing device of the mass flow Air so controlled depending on at least two of the measured values It can be seen that a predetermined air ratio λ can be set.

The mass flow sensors used may be around act conventional mass flow sensors. Are suitable for. B. Hot wire sensors, Karman vortex sensors and the like. At the Device for measuring the viscosity of the fuel can it is also a conventional facility, as they e.g. B. from DE 29 28 739 or WO 2000/065280 be are known. The disclosure content of the aforementioned pressure fonts are included in this regard. Also with the dosing valve can it be a Do according to the state of the art act sierventil, which is conveniently pneumatic or is electrically adjustable.

Advantageously, by means of data processing direction of the mass flow of air depending on the measured value te, d. H. of the first, second and third measured value, controllable his. The control achieved is then particularly precise. The Mass flow of air can in particular by means of the power a blower or another metering valve controlled become. The higher z. B. is the speed of the fan, the more the proportion of the fuel / air mixture added is higher ter air. By increasing the speed of the fan the air ratio λ can be increased if at the same time that per time Unit supplied calorific value of the fuel essentially is kept constant.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the measured values are on a data processing device transmits, according to a predefined algorithm processed and by means of the data processing device  the mass flow of fuel with a metering valve switched on in the fuel stream regulates. The mass flow of air can be controlled by a blower and / or a second metering valve can be controlled. at the data processing device can be a conventional evaluation and provided with a microprocessor Act control electronics. The metering valve (s) is / are expediently pneumatically or by means of an electrical Adjustable actuator.

According to another design feature, the air ratio depending on the stability of one generated in the burner Flame can be regulated. This can be done in the burner z. B. a light sensitive resistance or the like can be provided. From that can fourth measured values to the data processing device be transmitted. Based on the fourth measurement and the third measured values, it is possible for the blower and / or not only to control the second metering valve, but also to regulate. A regulation of the blower and / or the second Thursday sierventils can also depend on a predetermined Heating output of the burner. In this case, the fifth measured values from a device for measuring the lei the burner to the data processing device averages. It is also possible to regulate the air ratio in such a way that the emissions generated during combustion are minimal are. In this case, z. B. a λ probe see what sixth readings are to the data processing direction transmitted.

According to a further embodiment it is provided that a Line for the supply of fresh air and another line for discharging exhaust gases to the central Keizvorrichtung ge leads is. The lines can take into account the  Fire protection regulations carried out in a conventional manner his.

Advantageously, a, preferably hydraulic, Ver divider for connecting heating cables in the niche seen. The heater can also be a circulation pump and / or a heat exchanger for providing hot water have.

The central heating device is advantageously in one first compartment of the niche separated by a partition added. The provision of such a first compartment is especially with gas powered heaters from Vor part. Any escaping gas cannot in this way with the electrical devices provided in the niche get in touch.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the burner is in a double-walled, internally ventilated housing. So the heat falling in the niche can be particularly low will hold. There may also be a drain at the bottom of the niche be provided. Possibly when installing heating, Water leaking from hot or cold water pipes can do so can be easily removed. After another exit The design feature is the niche, possibly the first compartment ventilation. So can heat and possibly out Exhaust gases are removed.

The niche expediently has an intermediate wall or another partition separated second Ab part in which the power connection is included. In two A compartment with a safe can be used in the compartment and electricity meters. Furthermore, in  second compartment of the connection for telecommunications added his. According to another design feature, a feu experienced door provided for closing the niche. there it can be a door like that used to lock it is used by boiler rooms. The fireproof door lies expediently in the closed state to an edge egg on the sealing lip (s) provided. Any escaping gas remains in the first compartment and will dissipated through the vent. The gas cannot be in contact with possibly spark-generating current-carrying installations directions are coming.

The central heating device can also be a Act heat pump or a fuel cell. The stream conclude a control and / or regulating unit for a Pho tovoltaik plant include. The central heating device and / or one connected to the connection for telecommunications dene telecommunications system is conveniently with egg ner, preferably generated by the photovoltaic system, DC voltage can be operated from 42 to 48 V. The aforementioned Features enable the in a particularly advantageous manner Integration of alternative energy sources in the invention multi-line house connection.

According to a further design feature, it is provided that the connection for telecommunications with a device for Measurement and transmission of consumption data and / or all essential state parameters of the heating device connected is. This makes it possible to operate it remotely to eliminate faults or to carry out a remote diagnosis and have the necessary spare parts ready immediately.  

In an advantageous development of the invention, the What a water meter and possibly a water filter on. The fuel connection can be a gas meter or a Have filters for light heating oil.

It is particularly useful to mount a mounting frame the partition / walls of the heater, the distribution box, the heating distributor and the like. The speeds up assembly. The establishment of the invention ß multi-line house connection can be done without much time be carried out inexpensively.

According to a further design feature, the niche a maximum depth of 300 mm. It is particularly space executed economically.

An exemplary embodiment of the invention is described below the drawing explained in more detail. Show it:

Fig. 1 is a view of a multi-line service connection,

Fig. 2 is a sectional view according to Fig. 1,

Figure 3 is a schematic sectional view of a tung Heizvorrich.,

Fig. 4 is a plan view of an annular disc according to FIGS. 3 and

Fig. 5 is a block diagram.

The multi-line house connection shown in FIG. 1 has a niche 1 , preferably formed by a door frame T.

In the niche 1 there is a water connection 2 with water meter 3 , a gas connection 4 with gas meter 5 , a power supply circuit 6 and a z. B. the fuses and the electricity meter (not shown here) containing distribution box 7 . A telecommunications connection 8 is also provided.

9 with a heating device is designated. A lead 10 is connected with the interposition of a circulating pump 11 with a distributor 12 Hei-cutting, from the heating pipes 13 wegfüh ren. One of the heating manifold 12 to the heater 9 füh render return is indicated at 14. A device to the Heizvorrich 9 leading cold water supply is designated 15 and a hot water supply line coming from 16. To the heating device 9 also leads a fresh air pipe 17 to drove combustion air. An exhaust pipe is designated with 18 net. The fresh air 17 and the exhaust pipe 18 can be made in one piece from a heat-resistant material. A, conveniently made of gas-tight materi al, partition 19 divides the niche 1 into a first compartment A and a second compartment B. In the first compartment A in particular the gas connection 4 with gas meter 5 and the heating device 9 are added. The first compartment A is provided with a vent 20 , so that any gas residues that may occur in the first compartment A are immediately removed.

In the second compartment B, in particular the power connection 6 , the distribution box 7 and the telecommunications connection 8 are accommodated. The separation of the power connection 6 and the distribution box 7 from the gas-carrying lines and before devices in the first compartment A is done for safety reasons.

In Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view through the inter mediate wall 19 in Fig. 1 is shown. A preferably made of metal rear wall 21 of the niche 1 is, for. B. via rubber elements 22 connected to a wall 23 of a building. Before seeing the rubber elements 22 is used for noise decoupling. Instead of the rubber elements 22 , other noise-coupling means can also be used. The rear wall 21 may be provided with a mounting frame 23 to which the lines and devices accommodated in the Ni 1 can be attached. At the free edge of the intermediate wall 19 , a sealing lip 24 is attached, which ensures a tight seal between the compartments A and B ge when the door 25 is closed. The niche 1 also has a peripheral sealing lip around it, as is generally found in doors, in particular fire-resistant doors. To ensure sufficient ventilation of the recess 1 , a gap 26 is provided between the lower edge of the door 25 and the floor. A steady air flow from the gap 26 to the vent 20 can form. With 27 is designated with a drain from the drain.

In FIGS. 3 and 4 an embodiment of a heating device is shown, which are particularly suitable for the supply sub Brin is in the niche. 1 The proposed heating device is characterized by a particularly small overall depth of preferably at most 300 mm.

In Fig. 3, an inlet 28 for a gas / air mixture is provided in a housing half-shell 27 of a blower (not shown here). A blower outlet 29 is located in a front chamber 29 a baffle plate 29 b opposite. The baffle plate 29 b has the function of ensuring a flow rate that is as homogeneous as possible at the inlet cross section of a nozzle tube 30 . The nozzle tube 30 has a plurality of ra dial extending openings 31 with a diameter of about 1.0 to 2.0 mm. The openings 31 are evenly distributed over the outer surface of the nozzle tube 30 .

On the outer circumferential surface of the nozzle tube 30 , washers 32 which are corrugated in cross section are formed. The washers 32 are axially spaced apart. A flow channel 33 is formed between two adjacent annular disks 32 . In the vicinity of the ends of the nozzle tube 30 , further washers 32 a are added to the outer surface of the nozzle tube 30 . The other ring discs 32 a are made of a thermally insulating ceramic, for. B. a highly porous alumina ceramic. They have no breakthroughs. The further annular disks 32 a delimit a combustion chamber containing the annular disks 32 in the axial direction.

With the reference numeral 34 tubes of a heat exchanger are characterized. The tubes 34 and the nozzle tube 30 with the washers 32 and 32 a accommodated thereon are housed in a common housing.

FIG. 4 shows a top view of an annular disk 32 which is received on the nozzle tube 30 . The washer 32 is made of a grid-like ceramic. Such a ceramic can be produced by impregnating a fabric or fleece made of mullite fibers with an alumina slip by sintering the impregnated mullite fiber bond after drying the slip. Further breakthroughs formed are designated by 35. It has proven to be particularly expedient to design the surface of the annular disk 32 to be corrugated. The wave crest lines are indicated in FIG. 4 with the reference number 35 a. They run from the nozzle tube 30 curved to the peripheral edge of the annular disc 32 , so that a paddle wheel-like structure is created. If such annular disks 32 are arranged next to one another such that their wave crest lines 35 a are in axial alignment, flow channels 33 ( FIG. 3) are formed, the cross section of which increases from the nozzle tube 30 to the peripheral edge. Such flow channels 33 facilitate the discharge of the expanding hot combustion gases. A particularly effective heat extraction is sufficient.

Fig. 5 is a block diagram showing an apparatus for Steue tion of the heater 9. A safety solenoid valve 36 is switched on in a fuel supply line 5 a. Downstream, a device for measuring viscosity 37 is provided. The viscosity can e.g. B. by measuring the pressure drop with a laminar flow through a capillary led partial flow of the gaseous fuel who determined the. Also downstream of the safety solenoid valve 36 is a first mass flow sensor 38 and a metering valve 39 , which can be controlled pneumatically or by means of an electric motor. A data processing device or evaluation and control electronics is designated by 40. A second mass flow detector 41 is connected to an air supply line. A blower is designated 42.

The function of the device for controlling the Heizvorrich device 9 is as follows:
The viscosity of the fuel and from this its calorific value or the Wobbe index is determined by means of the device 37 for measuring the viscosity. It can with the device 37 z. B. a change in the gas type caused by a change in the Wobbe index can be recognized immediately.

The current mass flow of the gas is measured with the first mass flow sensor 38 . The mass flow of the gas is regulated by means of the metering valve 39 as a function of the Wobbe index measured by the device 37 and the mass flow of the gas measured by the first mass flow sensor 38 . The mass flow of the gas can e.g. B. change due to pressure fluctuations in the gas network. The control is preferably carried out in such a way that gas is always fed to the fan 42 , which has a constant calorific value per unit of time. If e.g. B. the calorific value of the gas supplied by the gas network is reduced, this is recognized by the device 37 . Using the data processing device, a suitable enlargement of the cross section of the metering valve 39 is calculated and effected, so that the calorific value can be readjusted immediately to a predetermined ideal calorific value. Pressure fluctuations in the gas network are detected in particular in the first mass flow sensor 38 . You can also be compensated by means of a suitable regulation of the metering valve 39 so that gas with the same calorific value per unit of time is always supplied to the blower 42 .

The mass flow of the air is measured by means of the second mass flow detector 41 . The mass flow of air can be changed by controlling the fan 42 . The fan 42 is preferably controlled so that a predetermined air number of the fuel / air mixture is reached. The air ratio can be specified by means of the data processing device 40 as a function of various parameters. Criteria for setting the air ratio are e.g. B. the stability of the flame, minimum emissions or maximum performance of the heating device 9 . The mass flow of air can of course be regulated or controlled at a constant power of the blower 42 by means of a further metering valve (not shown here) which is switched on in the air supply line.

Claims (35)

1. Multi-line house connection, connections for water and fuel are provided in a niche ( 1 ), characterized in that a central heating device ( 9 ) in the niche ( 1 ) is men. 2. Multi-line house connection according to claim 1, wherein the central heating device has a burner for a gas / air mixture with an inlet ( 28 ) for the gas / air mixture, where at a downstream of the inlet ( 28 ) nozzle tube ( 30 ) is provided, the lateral surface of which has a multiplicity of openings ( 31 ), and wherein the nozzle tube ( 30 ) is ra dial by a means ( 32 ) for stabilizing the flame. 3. Multi-line house connection according to claim 2, wherein the A let ( 28 ) is followed by a fan ( 42 ) for transporting the gas / air mixture in the nozzle tube ( 30 ). 4. Multi-line house connection according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the nozzle tube ( 30 ) from a refractory, preferably made of ceramic fibers, ceramic is gebil det. 5. Multi-line house connection according to claim 4, wherein the feu ceramic has a porosity of 75 to 95 vol.%.   6. Multi-line house connection according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the means ( 32 ) for stabilizing the flame from a plurality of radially from the nozzle tube ( 30 ) and which is formed with an axial spacing of the washers ( 32 ). 7. Multi-line house connection according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the surface of the washers ( 32 ) has a lot of other openings ( 35 ). 8. Multi-line house connection according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the washers ( 32 ) are made of a refractory, preferably having a lattice-like structure, ceramic. 9. Multi-line house connection according to claim 8, wherein the Ke ramic is formed from taken up in alumina matrix Mullite fibers. 10. Multi-line house connection according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the surface of the washers ( 32 ) is corrugated so that between two adjacent washers ( 32 ) from the nozzle tube to the outer peripheral edge of the washers ( 32 ) ver current flow channels ( 33 ) are formed. 11. Multi-line house connection according to one of the preceding claims, wherein wave crest lines ( 35 a) of the waves, preferably curved, extend from the center to the peripheral edge ( 14 ) of the annular discs ( 32 ), so that between two adjacent th annular discs ( 32 ) from the nozzle tube ( 30 ) to the peripheral edge ver, preferably curved, continuous flow channels ( 33 ) are formed. 12. Multi-line house connection according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the washers ( 32 ) between two near the ends of the nozzle tube ( 30 ) provided further made of a refractory ceramic washers ( 11 ) are arranged. 13. Multi-line house connection according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the means ( 32 ) for stabilizing the flame me by a heat exchanger ( 34 ) is surrounded. 14. Multi-line house connection according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the means ( 32 ) for stabilizing the flame is provided with a catalytically active coating which preferably contains Pb or Pt. 15. Multi-line house connection according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a line ( 17 ) for supplying fresh air and a further line ( 18 ) for discharging exhaust gases to the heating device ( 9 ) is guided. 16. Multi-line house connection according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the heating device ( 9 ) is provided with a device for the automatic control of the fuel / air mixture. 17. Multi-line house connection according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a, preferably hydraulic, distributor ( 12 ) for connecting heating lines ( 13 ) is provided in the niche ( 1 ). 18. Multi-line house connection according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the heating device ( 9 ) has a circulating pump ( 11 ) and / or a heat exchanger for providing hot water. 19. Multi-line house connection according to one of the previous ones Claims, wherein the burner in a double-walled interior ventilated housing is included. 20. Multi-line house connection according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the heating device ( 9 ) is accommodated in a first compartment (A) of the recess ( 1 ) which is separated by an intermediate wall ( 14 ). 21. Multi-line house connection according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at the bottom of the niche ( 1 ) a drain ( 27 ) is seen before. 22. Multi-line house connection according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the niche ( 1 ), optionally the first compartment (A), is provided with a vent ( 20 ). 23. Multi-line house connection according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the niche ( 1 ) has a separated by the partition ( 19 ) or another partition from the second part (B), in which a power connection ( 6 ) is received. 24. Multi-line house connection according to claim 23, wherein in the second compartment (B) a distribution cabinet ( 7 ) with fuses and electricity meters is added. 25. Multi-line house connection according to claim 23 or 24, wherein in the second compartment (B) a connection for telecommunications ( 9 ) is added. 26. Multi-line house connection according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a fireproof door ( 25 ) is provided for closing the niche ( 1 ). 27. Multi-line house connection according to claim 26, wherein the refractory door ( 25 ) in the closed state rests against an edge on the side / the intermediate lip provided sealing lip ( 24 ). 28. Multi-line house connection according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the water connection ( 2 ) has a water meter ( 3 ) and optionally a water filter. 29. Multi-line house connection according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the fuel connection ( 4 ) has a gas meter ( 5 ) or a filter for light heating oil. 30. Multi-line house connection according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a mounting frame ( 23 ) for fastening the partition / walls ( 19 ) and / or the heating device ( 9 ) and / or the distribution box ( 7 ) and / or the Heizungsver distributor ( 12th ) is provided. 31. Multi-line house connection according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the recess ( 1 ) has a depth of at most 300 mm. 32. Multi-line house connection according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the central heating device ( 9 ) is a heat pump or a fuel cell. 33. Multi-line house connection according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the power connection ( 6 ) comprises a control and / or regulating unit for a photovoltaic system. 34. Multi-line house connection according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the central heating device ( 9 ) and / or a connected to the connection ( 8 ) for telecommunication system with a, preferably generated by the photovoltaic system, DC voltage of 42 to 48 V. is operable. 35. Multi-line house connection according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the connection ( 8 ) for telecommunications with a device for measuring and transmitting consumption data and / or all essential state parameters of the heating device ( 9 ) is connected.