CA2231476C - Improved pilot and nozzle assembly - Google Patents
Improved pilot and nozzle assembly Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2231476C CA2231476C CA002231476A CA2231476A CA2231476C CA 2231476 C CA2231476 C CA 2231476C CA 002231476 A CA002231476 A CA 002231476A CA 2231476 A CA2231476 A CA 2231476A CA 2231476 C CA2231476 C CA 2231476C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle
- pilot
- base plate
- flare stack
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
- F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
- F23D14/06—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with radial outlets at the burner head
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
- F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
- F23D14/10—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with elongated tubular burner head
- F23D14/105—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with elongated tubular burner head with injector axis parallel to the burner head axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
- F23G7/08—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases using flares, e.g. in stacks
- F23G7/085—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases using flares, e.g. in stacks in stacks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
- F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
- F23D2203/101—Flame diffusing means characterised by surface shape
- F23D2203/1012—Flame diffusing means characterised by surface shape tubular
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2212/00—Burner material specifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
- F23D2900/00018—Means for protecting parts of the burner, e.g. ceramic lining outside of the flame tube
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
- F23D2900/14—Special features of gas burners
- F23D2900/14701—Swirling means inside the mixing tube or chamber to improve premixing
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
Abstract
A nozzle tor a pilot light tor a flare stack, the nozzle being formed of a housing defined by an encircling cylindrical wall, with radially extending openings formed circumferentially around the encircling wall, and is made of material resistant against breakdown in a sour gas environment at temperatures at least less than 1200°C, preferably 98% by weight alumina ceramic. A cage holds the nozzle, which includes a base plate having a central aperture and first and second sides, a tube extending into the aperture from the first side of the base plate and fixed to the base plate, and plural retainers extending from the base plate and enclosing the nozzle. To form a pilot for a flare stack, a gas conduit is connected into an interior cavity of the nozzle. The cage is attached to a flame stack. The retainer members pass through the nozzle to protect the retainer members from the corrosive environment in which the pilot operates.
Description
TITLE OF THE INVENTION:
Improved Pilot and Nozzle Assembly NAME OF INVENTOR:
Robert Karl Rajewski FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to nozzles and pilots used in the burning of gas.
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The inventor has been a pioneer in the development of ceramic nozzles for use in oilfield applications. These nozzles show much greater resistance to corrosion than metal nozzles.
One of the inventor's designs=is shown in United States patent no. 5,634,788 (issued June 3, 1997). In this design, a ceramic nozzle, preferably made from alumina ceramic is held by a cage of metal retainer members. The cage assists in maintaining the integrity of the nozzle, which tends to be more likely to crack than a metal nozzle. While this design has proven satisfactory, the metal retainers are exposed to the highly corrosive environment of the nozzle, and this may cause failure of the retainers.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a pilot and nozzle, in which the nozzle is secured by a cage which is not exposed to the highly corrosive environment in which the nozzle usually operates.
Improved Pilot and Nozzle Assembly NAME OF INVENTOR:
Robert Karl Rajewski FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to nozzles and pilots used in the burning of gas.
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The inventor has been a pioneer in the development of ceramic nozzles for use in oilfield applications. These nozzles show much greater resistance to corrosion than metal nozzles.
One of the inventor's designs=is shown in United States patent no. 5,634,788 (issued June 3, 1997). In this design, a ceramic nozzle, preferably made from alumina ceramic is held by a cage of metal retainer members. The cage assists in maintaining the integrity of the nozzle, which tends to be more likely to crack than a metal nozzle. While this design has proven satisfactory, the metal retainers are exposed to the highly corrosive environment of the nozzle, and this may cause failure of the retainers.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a pilot and nozzle, in which the nozzle is secured by a cage which is not exposed to the highly corrosive environment in which the nozzle usually operates.
2 There is therefore provided in accordance with an aspect of the invention, a pilot for a flare stack, the pilot comprising:
a nozzle made of material characterized by being resistant against breakdown in a sour gas environment at temperatures below 1200 C, the nozzle having an encircling wall defining an interior cavity and first and second ends;
a plurality of openings formed in the encircling wall and extending radially through the encircling wall, the openings being disposed circumferentially around the encircling wall between the first and second ends;
a base plate having a central aperture and first and second sides;
plural retainer members extending from the base plate and securing the second end of the nozzle to the base plate;
a gas conduit connected into the interior cavity of the nozzle through the central aperture in the base plate;
ignition means disposed adjacent the nozzle for igniting gas supplied to the nozzle through the gas conduit; and the retainer members passing through longitudinal holes formed in the encircling wall.
The retainer members and longitudinal holes preferably extend from the first end to the second end of the nozzle so that the structural portions of the retainer members are entirely encased within the nozzle. The nozzle is preferably made of silicon nitride ceramic.
a nozzle made of material characterized by being resistant against breakdown in a sour gas environment at temperatures below 1200 C, the nozzle having an encircling wall defining an interior cavity and first and second ends;
a plurality of openings formed in the encircling wall and extending radially through the encircling wall, the openings being disposed circumferentially around the encircling wall between the first and second ends;
a base plate having a central aperture and first and second sides;
plural retainer members extending from the base plate and securing the second end of the nozzle to the base plate;
a gas conduit connected into the interior cavity of the nozzle through the central aperture in the base plate;
ignition means disposed adjacent the nozzle for igniting gas supplied to the nozzle through the gas conduit; and the retainer members passing through longitudinal holes formed in the encircling wall.
The retainer members and longitudinal holes preferably extend from the first end to the second end of the nozzle so that the structural portions of the retainer members are entirely encased within the nozzle. The nozzle is preferably made of silicon nitride ceramic.
3 The pilot is used in conjunction with a flare stack and a frame assembly for supporting the pilot on the flare stack.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
There will now be described preferred embodiments of the invention, with reference to the drawings, by way of illustration, in which like numerals denote like elements, and in which:
Fig. 1 shows a schematic of a flare stack supporting a pilot and nozzle according to the invention;
Fig. 2 is a side view schematic of a pilot according to the invention;
Fig. 3 is a first cross-section of a nozzle according to the invention for use in particular in association with the pilot of Figs. 1 and 2;
Fig. 4 is a second cross-section of a nozzle according to the invention for use in particular in association with the pilot of Figs. 1 and 2;
Fig. 5 is a top view of the nozzle of Figs.
3 and 4; and Fig. 6 is a section through a pilot according to the invention showing a gas supply system for the pilot.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring to Fig. 1, there is shown a pilot generally shown at 10 for a flare stack 12 such as is used to flare gas at an oil well. The flare stack 12 may be supported by guy wires (not shown) in conventional fashion and has a gas supply inlet 13 mounted at 45 . A rail 14 (2" x 1" HSS) running parallel to and spaced from the flare stack 12 is
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
There will now be described preferred embodiments of the invention, with reference to the drawings, by way of illustration, in which like numerals denote like elements, and in which:
Fig. 1 shows a schematic of a flare stack supporting a pilot and nozzle according to the invention;
Fig. 2 is a side view schematic of a pilot according to the invention;
Fig. 3 is a first cross-section of a nozzle according to the invention for use in particular in association with the pilot of Figs. 1 and 2;
Fig. 4 is a second cross-section of a nozzle according to the invention for use in particular in association with the pilot of Figs. 1 and 2;
Fig. 5 is a top view of the nozzle of Figs.
3 and 4; and Fig. 6 is a section through a pilot according to the invention showing a gas supply system for the pilot.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring to Fig. 1, there is shown a pilot generally shown at 10 for a flare stack 12 such as is used to flare gas at an oil well. The flare stack 12 may be supported by guy wires (not shown) in conventional fashion and has a gas supply inlet 13 mounted at 45 . A rail 14 (2" x 1" HSS) running parallel to and spaced from the flare stack 12 is
4 supported on supports 16 (1/,"x3 "x6" ), with a portion of the rail near the top tilted towards the flare stack 12. The pilot 10 has supports 18 terminating in sleeves 20 that slide on the rail 14. The pilot 10 is pulled up and down the stack on the rails 14 using cable 15, enclosed pulley 17 and winch 19.
Pilot 10 includes a high pressure flexible gas supply line 22 connected to a high pressure source of gas (not shown) and that terminates in a nozzle 24 held in a frame or cage which is shown in more detail in Fig. 6. The gas supply line 22 is supported within the pilot by conduit 23 (for example 2 inch 304L SS
pipe) attached to supports 18. Conduit 23, supports 18, sleeves 20, rail 14 and supports 16 together form means for attaching the cage and nozzle 24 to flare stack 12. The pilot 10 is moved into a shroud 25 at the top of the flare stack and a flame is kept burning constantly in the nozzle 24 so that should for any reason the gas being flared through the flare stack stop burning, then the gas will be immediately ignited.
Also shown in Fig. 1 is a general arrangement for an ignition control system for use with the improved nozzle and pilot according to the invention. Control and battery power source enclosure 30, which is of conventional construction, is mounted on a wall of a building 28 a minimum distance from the flare stack 12 as required by regulations. A hot ignition wire 31 (#16/4 Teck T" cable) extends from the control enclosure 30 to a conventional electrical junction enclosure 34 on the flare stack 12 and then (for example as a #16/4 Teck T"" cable) along the flare stack to transformer and electrical junction enclosure 33. A main control panel 32 of conventional construction is connected via a #16/4 Tech T" cable to the control enclosure 30.
Referring now to Fig. 2, hot wire 35 leads from the transformer enclosure 33 to an ignition
Pilot 10 includes a high pressure flexible gas supply line 22 connected to a high pressure source of gas (not shown) and that terminates in a nozzle 24 held in a frame or cage which is shown in more detail in Fig. 6. The gas supply line 22 is supported within the pilot by conduit 23 (for example 2 inch 304L SS
pipe) attached to supports 18. Conduit 23, supports 18, sleeves 20, rail 14 and supports 16 together form means for attaching the cage and nozzle 24 to flare stack 12. The pilot 10 is moved into a shroud 25 at the top of the flare stack and a flame is kept burning constantly in the nozzle 24 so that should for any reason the gas being flared through the flare stack stop burning, then the gas will be immediately ignited.
Also shown in Fig. 1 is a general arrangement for an ignition control system for use with the improved nozzle and pilot according to the invention. Control and battery power source enclosure 30, which is of conventional construction, is mounted on a wall of a building 28 a minimum distance from the flare stack 12 as required by regulations. A hot ignition wire 31 (#16/4 Teck T" cable) extends from the control enclosure 30 to a conventional electrical junction enclosure 34 on the flare stack 12 and then (for example as a #16/4 Teck T"" cable) along the flare stack to transformer and electrical junction enclosure 33. A main control panel 32 of conventional construction is connected via a #16/4 Tech T" cable to the control enclosure 30.
Referring now to Fig. 2, hot wire 35 leads from the transformer enclosure 33 to an ignition
5 chamber 36 in which is a conventional spark plug (for example a CJ6 spark plug). The ignition chamber 36 opens into a flash tube 37 (for example a 1 inch 304L
SS pipe), which lies along the conduit 23 and is fastened to the conduit 23 by U-bolts 38. The flash tube 37 terminates at a curved end 38, remote from the transformer enclosure 33, that curves in towards an opening in the nozzle 24 where the open end of the flash tube 37 lies sufficiently close to the nozzle 24 that a flame front generated in the flash tube 37 wi l l light a fuel mixture in the nozzle 24. A shield 40 shields the electrical ignition system on the pilot 10 from heat from a flame burning at the top of the flare stack 12. Other ignition systems such as are found in the inventor's United States patents no. 5,291,367 and 5,634,788 may also be used, and the ignition system may be any of various embodiments known in the art.
A preferred nozzle 24 and gas supply arrangement for the nozzle 24 is shown in Figs. 3 - 6.
Gas supply line 22 supplies gas to the inside of the conduit 23 through inline fuel filter 41. The gas supply line 22 extends through the conduit 23 to nozzle 24. Fuel and air mixture in the nozzle 24 is ignited by the flash tube 37 or other ignition mechanism disposed adjacent one of several openings 48 in the wall 44 of the nozzle 24 opposed to the end into which the gas supply line 22 supplies fuel.
Referring in particular to Figs. 3-5, the nozzle 24 is made of electrically non-conducting material characterized by being resistant against
SS pipe), which lies along the conduit 23 and is fastened to the conduit 23 by U-bolts 38. The flash tube 37 terminates at a curved end 38, remote from the transformer enclosure 33, that curves in towards an opening in the nozzle 24 where the open end of the flash tube 37 lies sufficiently close to the nozzle 24 that a flame front generated in the flash tube 37 wi l l light a fuel mixture in the nozzle 24. A shield 40 shields the electrical ignition system on the pilot 10 from heat from a flame burning at the top of the flare stack 12. Other ignition systems such as are found in the inventor's United States patents no. 5,291,367 and 5,634,788 may also be used, and the ignition system may be any of various embodiments known in the art.
A preferred nozzle 24 and gas supply arrangement for the nozzle 24 is shown in Figs. 3 - 6.
Gas supply line 22 supplies gas to the inside of the conduit 23 through inline fuel filter 41. The gas supply line 22 extends through the conduit 23 to nozzle 24. Fuel and air mixture in the nozzle 24 is ignited by the flash tube 37 or other ignition mechanism disposed adjacent one of several openings 48 in the wall 44 of the nozzle 24 opposed to the end into which the gas supply line 22 supplies fuel.
Referring in particular to Figs. 3-5, the nozzle 24 is made of electrically non-conducting material characterized by being resistant against
6 breakdown in a sour gas environment at temperatures at least lower than 1200 C, and preferably over a temperature range up to over 3000 C. The nozzle 24 shown is silicon nitride Si3N4, preferably Ceralloy (tm) 147-3 available from NeedleLok, USA. The nozzle 24 is formed from a housing having an encircling wall 44 defining an interior cavity or bore 45 and is preferably cylindrical. One end 46 of the nozzle has an opening for the flow of gas into the nozzle, and the other end 47 may have be closed as shown or have an opening (not shown, but see US patent no. 5,634,788 for an example with an opening) that is smaller than the bore 45. The encircling wall 44 and' end wall 47 are each 3/411 thick. The nozzle 24 shown here is 7.28"
long. A plurality (16 in the instant case) of openings 48 are formed circumferentially around the encircling wall 44 and extend radially through the encircling wall 44.
As shown in Fig. 6 in particular, the gas supply line 22 supplies gas into the interior cavity 45 of the nozzle 24 through a tube 50 forming part of cage 26 confining the nozzle 24. The tube 50 and gas line 22 together form a gas supply conduit leading into the interior cavity 45 of the nozzle 24. A slot 49 for a thermocouple is also provided in the nozzle.
The cage 26 enclosing the nozzle 24 is preferably formed from a circular base plate 52 having a central aperture 54. The tube 50 extehds into the aperture 54 from side 56 of the base plate 52 and is fixed to the base plate 52 as by welding. At least two retainers 56 extend from side 55 of base plate 52.
Longitudinal holes 61 are drilled through the encircling wall 44 from one end of the nozzle to the other. Retainer members 56 pass through the holes 61
long. A plurality (16 in the instant case) of openings 48 are formed circumferentially around the encircling wall 44 and extend radially through the encircling wall 44.
As shown in Fig. 6 in particular, the gas supply line 22 supplies gas into the interior cavity 45 of the nozzle 24 through a tube 50 forming part of cage 26 confining the nozzle 24. The tube 50 and gas line 22 together form a gas supply conduit leading into the interior cavity 45 of the nozzle 24. A slot 49 for a thermocouple is also provided in the nozzle.
The cage 26 enclosing the nozzle 24 is preferably formed from a circular base plate 52 having a central aperture 54. The tube 50 extehds into the aperture 54 from side 56 of the base plate 52 and is fixed to the base plate 52 as by welding. At least two retainers 56 extend from side 55 of base plate 52.
Longitudinal holes 61 are drilled through the encircling wall 44 from one end of the nozzle to the other. Retainer members 56 pass through the holes 61
7 and have nuts 67 threaded on to the retainer members at the ends 63 and 65, the ends 63 being countersunk into the wall 44 (holes 69), to enclose and fasten the nozzle 24. Additional retainers 56 may be used distributed around and extending from the base plate 52 in like manner.
Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 6, the manner of gas delivery to the nozzle 24 is shown. A supply line 22 is encased within the conduit 23. The supply line 22 leads out to a source of natural gas in conventional manner through inline filter 41. A fresh air intake 42 at the end of the conduit 23 remote from the nozzle 24 is located sufficiently far from the nozzle 24 that the air intake is unlikely to be contaminated by burnt gas from the flare stack 12. The fresh air intake allows air to enter the conduit 23 and pass along the annulus formed between the gas supply line 22 and the conduit 23 until it reaches the venturi 64. The gas supply line 22 is secured within the conduit 23 by a conventional high pressure tubing fitting 58 braced across the end of the conduit 23. A
nipple 60 is threaded into the tubing fitting 58, with the tip 62 of the nipple 60 terminating at one end of a venturi tube 64. The tube 50 of the cage 26 is fastened, as by welding, to the conduit 23, with venturi tube 64 secured within the tube 50. The other end of the tube 38 includes a mixer or flame stabilizer 66 formed of three pie-shaped cups 68 which are angled, as in the flights of a spiral, to impart a rotational movement to fluid moving from the tube 50 into the nozzle 24.
Gas for the flash tube 37 is supplied in the following manner. A gas supply line 70 is connected to the gas supply line 22, conveniently at the fresh air
Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 6, the manner of gas delivery to the nozzle 24 is shown. A supply line 22 is encased within the conduit 23. The supply line 22 leads out to a source of natural gas in conventional manner through inline filter 41. A fresh air intake 42 at the end of the conduit 23 remote from the nozzle 24 is located sufficiently far from the nozzle 24 that the air intake is unlikely to be contaminated by burnt gas from the flare stack 12. The fresh air intake allows air to enter the conduit 23 and pass along the annulus formed between the gas supply line 22 and the conduit 23 until it reaches the venturi 64. The gas supply line 22 is secured within the conduit 23 by a conventional high pressure tubing fitting 58 braced across the end of the conduit 23. A
nipple 60 is threaded into the tubing fitting 58, with the tip 62 of the nipple 60 terminating at one end of a venturi tube 64. The tube 50 of the cage 26 is fastened, as by welding, to the conduit 23, with venturi tube 64 secured within the tube 50. The other end of the tube 38 includes a mixer or flame stabilizer 66 formed of three pie-shaped cups 68 which are angled, as in the flights of a spiral, to impart a rotational movement to fluid moving from the tube 50 into the nozzle 24.
Gas for the flash tube 37 is supplied in the following manner. A gas supply line 70 is connected to the gas supply line 22, conveniently at the fresh air
8 intake 42, and leads through a solenoid valve 72 mounted on the pilot 10 adjacent the transformer enclosure 33, to line 74 which terminates inside the flash tube 37 between a fresh air intake 76 on the end of the flash tube 37 and the ignition chamber 36.
The nozzle and pilot thus described operates as follows. The pilot is used to maintain the flare in the top of the flare stack and it is important to keep the pilot light burning. Gas passing through gas line 22 is mixed with air in the tube 22 and mixer 66 and enters the interior cavity 45 or 30 of nozzle 24.
Ignition to the pilot is supplied periodically as needed by the ignition system. A thermocouple in the nozzle may be used to determine when ignition current needs to be supplied to the ignition chamber 36.
Before the ignition current is supplied, solenoid 72 is opened to allow flow of gas through line 70 and line 74 into the flash tube 37 where it mixes with fresh air from the fresh air inlet 76. Sparks created in the ignition chamber 36 by a spark plug create a flame front in the flash tube that propagates to the end 39 of the flash tube 37 where it relites the fuel in the nozzle 24.
The openings 48 in the side wall 44 of the nozzle 24 allow wind to pass through the nozzle without extinguishing the flame on the flame stabilizer 66. The thermocouple can be used to set when ignition needs to be generated, and if the pilot will not light, as indicated by the thermocouple, it may be necessary to shut off the source of the gas being flared (as for example an oil processing plant) .
A person skilled in the art could make immaterial modifications to the invention described
The nozzle and pilot thus described operates as follows. The pilot is used to maintain the flare in the top of the flare stack and it is important to keep the pilot light burning. Gas passing through gas line 22 is mixed with air in the tube 22 and mixer 66 and enters the interior cavity 45 or 30 of nozzle 24.
Ignition to the pilot is supplied periodically as needed by the ignition system. A thermocouple in the nozzle may be used to determine when ignition current needs to be supplied to the ignition chamber 36.
Before the ignition current is supplied, solenoid 72 is opened to allow flow of gas through line 70 and line 74 into the flash tube 37 where it mixes with fresh air from the fresh air inlet 76. Sparks created in the ignition chamber 36 by a spark plug create a flame front in the flash tube that propagates to the end 39 of the flash tube 37 where it relites the fuel in the nozzle 24.
The openings 48 in the side wall 44 of the nozzle 24 allow wind to pass through the nozzle without extinguishing the flame on the flame stabilizer 66. The thermocouple can be used to set when ignition needs to be generated, and if the pilot will not light, as indicated by the thermocouple, it may be necessary to shut off the source of the gas being flared (as for example an oil processing plant) .
A person skilled in the art could make immaterial modifications to the invention described
9 and claimed in this patent without departing from the essence of the invention.
Claims (6)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS
FOLLOWS:
1. A pilot for a flare stack, the pilot comprising:
a nozzle made of material characterized by being resistant against breakdown in a sour gas environment at temperatures below 1200°C, the nozzle having an encircling wall defining an interior cavity and first and second ends;
a plurality of openings formed in the encircling wall and extending radially through the encircling wall, the openings being disposed circumferentially around the encircling wall between the first and second ends;
a base plate having a central aperture and first and second sides;
plural retainer members extending from the base plate and securing the second end of the nozzle to the base plate;
a gas conduit connected into the interior cavity of the nozzle through the central aperture in the base plate;
ignition means disposed adjacent the nozzle for igniting gas supplied to the nozzle through the gas conduit; and the retainer members passing through longitudinal holes formed in the encircling wall.
a nozzle made of material characterized by being resistant against breakdown in a sour gas environment at temperatures below 1200°C, the nozzle having an encircling wall defining an interior cavity and first and second ends;
a plurality of openings formed in the encircling wall and extending radially through the encircling wall, the openings being disposed circumferentially around the encircling wall between the first and second ends;
a base plate having a central aperture and first and second sides;
plural retainer members extending from the base plate and securing the second end of the nozzle to the base plate;
a gas conduit connected into the interior cavity of the nozzle through the central aperture in the base plate;
ignition means disposed adjacent the nozzle for igniting gas supplied to the nozzle through the gas conduit; and the retainer members passing through longitudinal holes formed in the encircling wall.
2. The pilot of claim 1 in which the retainer members extend from the first end to the second end of the nozzle.
3. The pilot of claims 1 or 2 in which the longitudinal holes extend from the first end to the second end of the nozzle.
4. The pilot of claims 1, 2 or 3 in which the nozzle is made of ceramic.
5. The pilot of claim 4 in which the ceramic is silicon nitride.
6. The pilot of any of claims 1-5 further in combination with a flare stack and a frame assembly for supporting the pilot on the flare stack.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002231476A CA2231476C (en) | 1998-03-06 | 1998-03-06 | Improved pilot and nozzle assembly |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002231476A CA2231476C (en) | 1998-03-06 | 1998-03-06 | Improved pilot and nozzle assembly |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2231476A1 CA2231476A1 (en) | 1999-09-06 |
| CA2231476C true CA2231476C (en) | 2008-07-29 |
Family
ID=29409402
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002231476A Expired - Lifetime CA2231476C (en) | 1998-03-06 | 1998-03-06 | Improved pilot and nozzle assembly |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2231476C (en) |
-
1998
- 1998-03-06 CA CA002231476A patent/CA2231476C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2231476A1 (en) | 1999-09-06 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN1873343B (en) | Water heater with pressurized combustion and method for operaitng the same | |
| US20080029047A1 (en) | Water heater with lint collection detection | |
| US4952137A (en) | Flare gas burner | |
| EP0173423B1 (en) | Shielded smoke suppressing flare gas burner | |
| CA2231476C (en) | Improved pilot and nozzle assembly | |
| US11320143B2 (en) | Flare pilot and flare pilot with ignitor assembly | |
| US4431402A (en) | Waste gas flare igniter | |
| US4184838A (en) | Igniter for oil and/or gas well drilling operation | |
| US2243503A (en) | Mb heating apparatus | |
| US5954493A (en) | Nozzle and pilot for the burning of gas | |
| US4579521A (en) | Flare gas burner | |
| US4637793A (en) | Flare gas burner | |
| US4565522A (en) | Shielded flare gas burner | |
| CA2338078A1 (en) | Air inlets for gas water heaters | |
| CA2185269C (en) | Flare vent ignition assembly | |
| US4906175A (en) | Igniter for gas discharge pipe with a flame detection system | |
| CA1112888A (en) | Offshore/subsea flares | |
| US4746285A (en) | Igniter for gas discharge pipe with a flame detection system | |
| US4248585A (en) | Flare ignition apparatus | |
| CN105917168A (en) | Gas fired radiant emitter | |
| EP0169689A2 (en) | Infra-red heating system | |
| CN210624570U (en) | Multifunctional torch ignition device | |
| CN217540856U (en) | Gas heating furnace end | |
| FR2650371A1 (en) | Heating appliance for a leaktight gas fire | |
| SU1479788A1 (en) | Pilot burner |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |
Effective date: 20180306 |