DE10066076A1 - Secured screw connection - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a secured screw connection with: DOLLAR A - a threaded shaft (12); DOLLAR A - a threaded bore (11); DOLLAR A - at least one locking element (13, 13 ') which is attached to the threaded shaft (12) or the threaded bore (11) and projects radially outwards; and DOLLAR A - at least one locking recess (15) for receiving the locking element (13, 13 '), which is formed on the threaded bore (11) or the threaded shaft (12). DOLLAR A Both such variants of the secured screw connection are known from DE 4340504 A1. DOLLAR A It is an object of the invention to provide secured screw connections of the type mentioned at the beginning, which can be easily tightened and yet are reliably secured against unintentional loosening. DOLLAR A This object is achieved in both variants in that the locking recesses (15) and / or the locking elements (13, 13 ') are designed in such a way that the release locking force is greater than the attractive force.

Description

• – einem Gewindeschaft;
• – einer Gewindebohrung;
• – wenigstens einem Rastelement, das an dem Gewindeschaft angebracht ist und radial nach außen vorspringt; und
• – wenigstens einer Rastvertiefung zur Aufnahme des Rastelementes, die an der Gewindebohrung ausgebildet ist.

In a first variant, the present invention relates to a secured screw connection, with:

• - a threaded shaft;
• - a threaded hole;
• - At least one locking element which is attached to the threaded shaft and projects radially outwards; and
• - At least one locking recess for receiving the locking element, which is formed on the threaded bore.

• – einem Gewindeschaft;
• – einer Gewindebohrung;
• – wenigstens einem Rastelement, das an der Gewindeböhrung angebracht ist und radial nach innen vorspringt; und
• – wenigstens einer Rastvertiefung zur Aufnahme des Rastelementes, die an dem Gewindeschaft ausgebildet ist.

In a second variant, the present invention relates to a secured screw connection, with:

• - a threaded shaft;
• - a threaded hole;
• - At least one locking element which is attached to the threaded bore and projects radially inwards; and
• - At least one locking recess for receiving the locking element, which is formed on the threaded shaft.

Both such variants of the secured screw connection are from the DE 43 40 504 A1 known.

A correctly designed Screw connection that is reliable biased, generally does not need any additional Screw locking. By loosening as a result of setting or Creep the connecting elements or by automatically loosening them as a result of relative movements between the contact surfaces however in some cases the required pretensioning force is not reached. A creep can be used, for example, when bracing low-strength copper sheets or painted steel sheets even at room temperature be during relative movements between the contact surfaces especially with thin ones clamped parts and loads perpendicular to the axial direction the screw occur with insufficient preload.

With those from the DE 43 40 504 A1 Known secured screw connections both each locking element, which is a spring clip there, as well as each locking recess each in a plane in which the longitudinal axis of the screw connection extends. Consequently, the locking elements and the locking recesses are formed symmetrically to the longitudinal axis.

It is therefore an object of the invention secured screw connections of the type mentioned at the beginning disposal to be placed that can be easily tightened and yet reliably against accidental Loosen secured are.

This task is done with both variants solved by that the locking recesses and / or the locking elements are formed in such a way are that the release latch force larger than the pull-in force is.

The threaded shaft can, for example which is an external thread load-bearing shaft of a screw, and the threaded hole can on a workpiece, such as an engine block or an internal thread be a mother's bore.

If when tightening the screw connection the locking element protrudes into the locking recess, then the Screw connection only with overcoming the release latch force solved again become. The locking element and recess can be designed in this way be that the pull-in force that is overcome for further tightening must be less than the release detent force is.

Under threaded shaft in the sense of the present invention is also understood to be a shaft that only on part of its length an external thread wearing. In this case, the locking element of the first variant or the locking recess of the second variant also on a section be attached to the threaded shaft, which has no external thread.

Under tapping in the sense of present invention is also understood to be a bore that is only on part of their length carries an internal thread. In this case, the locking recess of the first variant or the locking element of the second variant also on a section of the Threaded bore must be attached that has no internal thread.

• – einem Außenkörper, der eine axiale Durchgangsöffnung aufweist;
• – einem Innenkörper, der in der Durchgangsöffnung in axialer Richtung verschiebbar aufgenommen ist, die Gewindebohrung aufweist und in axialer Richtung in wenigstens zwei Backen geteilt ist, die jeweils an ihrer radial inneren Fläche ein Segment des Innengewindes tragen und derart in der Durchgangsöffnung geführt sind, dass sie, wenn der Außenkörper relativ zum Innenkörper in eine Axialrichtung verschoben wird, auseinander gerückt werden und, wenn der Außenkörper relativ zum Innenkörper in die entgegengesetzte Axialrichtung verschoben wird, geschlossen werden.

In both variants it can be provided that the secured screw connection has a nut with:

• - An outer body which has an axial through opening;
• - An inner body which is slidably received in the through opening in the axial direction, has a threaded bore and is divided in the axial direction into at least two jaws, each of which carries a segment of the internal thread on its radially inner surface and are guided in the through opening in such a way that they are moved apart when the outer body is displaced in an axial direction relative to the inner body, and are closed when the outer body is displaced in the opposite axial direction relative to the inner body.

Such a shared mother is, for example, from the published French patent application FR 2 640 336 , the published German patent application DE 40 24 784 or the as yet unpublished German patent application DE 100 23 675 known, reference being made to the content of these three documents. This split nut enables the screw connection to be loosened quickly and easily without having to unscrew it against the release latching force. If the jaws are moved apart, then it won't only the engagement between the internal thread segments and the external thread of the threaded shaft is reduced, but also the engagement between the latching element and the latching recess, as a result of which the release latching force is reduced. The jaws can be moved so far apart that neither the internal thread segments and the external thread nor the locking element and locking recess are in engagement with one another, so that in this state the nut can be moved axially on the threaded shaft.

In this case, a first Alternatively, the jaws are provided when the outer body is relative to the inner body moved in the release direction becomes, radially outward be moved and when the outer body relative to the inner body in Tightening direction is shifted radially inwards.

This first alternative is in the above DE 100 23 675 described.

• – die Backen jeweils einen Vorderabschnitt, der das jeweilige Innengewindesegment trägt, und einen daran einstöckig anschließenden Hinterabschnitt haben, der ähnlich wie der Vorderabschnitt geformt ist, jedoch relativ zu diesem leicht nach außen abgewinkelt ist und anstelle des Innengewindesegments eine gewindelose Ausnehmung aufweist, deren Innenabmessungen größer als das Innengewindesegment ist; und
• – die Backen an der Übergangsstelle zwischen den Vorderabschnitten und den Hinterabschnitten derart schwenkbar aneinander gelagert sind, dass die Vorderabschnitte, wenn der Außenkörper relativ zum Innenkörper in Löserichtung der Mutter verschoben wird, aufgeklappt werden und, wenn der Außenkörper relativ zum Innenkörper in Anziehrichtung der Mutter verschoben wird, zugeklappt werden.

In a second alternative it can be provided that:

• - The jaws each have a front section that carries the respective internal thread segment, and have a rear section connected to it in one piece, which is shaped similarly to the front section, but is slightly angled outwards relative to this and instead of the internal thread segment has a non-threaded recess, the internal dimensions of which are larger than the female thread segment; and
• - The jaws at the transition point between the front sections and the rear sections are pivotally mounted to one another in such a way that the front sections are opened when the outer body is displaced relative to the inner body in the loosening direction of the nut and when the outer body is displaced relative to the inner body in the tightening direction of the nut will be closed.

This second alternative is in the above DE 40 24 784 described.

• – einem Außenkörper, der den Gewindeschaft umfasst und in axialer Richtung in wenigstens zwei Schenkel geteilt ist, die jeweils einen Schaftabschnitt, der ein Segment des Außengewindes trägt, aufweisen und radial einwärts vorgespannt sind; und
• – einem Innenkörper, der zwischen den Schenkeln in axialer Richtung verschiebbar angeordnet ist, wobei die Schenkel, wenn der Innenkörper in Löserichtung der Schraube zwischen den Schenkeln heraus gezogen wird, radial einwärts bewegt werden können.

In both variants, it can also be provided that the secured screw connection has a screw with:

• An outer body, which comprises the threaded shaft and is divided in the axial direction into at least two legs, each of which has a shaft section which carries a segment of the external thread and is biased radially inwards; and
• - An inner body which is arranged displaceably in the axial direction between the legs, wherein the legs can be moved radially inward when the inner body is pulled out between the legs in the loosening direction of the screw.

Such a split screw is, for example, from the as yet unpublished German patent application DE 100 36 194 known, reference being made to the content of this document. Similar to the split nut described above, this filed screw also enables quick and easy loosening of the screw connection without the need to unscrew it against the release latching force. If the legs are moved inward, then not only the engagement between the external thread segments and the internal thread of the threaded bore is reduced, but also the engagement between the latching element and the latching recess, whereby the release latching force is reduced. The legs can be moved inwards so far that neither the external thread segments and the internal thread nor the locking element and locking recess are in engagement with one another, so that in this state the screw can be moved axially in the threaded bore.

It can further be provided that the locking element is anchored in a side surface of the inner body which forms a portion of the peripheral surface of the threaded shaft, that has no external thread.

It can also be provided be that the locking recess is an axial groove.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the locking recesses and / or the locking elements are asymmetrical to the longitudinal axis the screw connection are designed so that the release locking force larger than the pull-in force is.

moreover can be provided that each locking recess is an oblique right Flank that extends radially inward from the left, radially extending flank removed.

It can also be provided that each locking element is inclined to the left if it is in a Resting recess is located.

Other features and training the invention are described in the subclaims.

The following are preferred embodiments based on the attached Drawings closer described:

1 is a cross section of a secured screw connection in a first embodiment according to the first variant;

2 is a cross section of a secured screw connection in a second embodiment according to the first variant;

3 is a cross section of a secured screw connection in a third embodiment according to the first variant;

4 is a cross section of a secured screw connection in a fourth embodiment according to the second variant;

5 is a sectional side view of a secured screw connection in a fifth embodiment according to the first variant with a split nut with the jaws open;

6 is a cross section along the line VI-VI from the 6 ;

7 shows the screw connection of the 5 with the jaws closed;

8th is a cross section along the line VIII-VIII from the 7 ;

9 is a side view of a cheek for the mother of the 5 to 8th ;

10 is a sectional side view of a secured screw connection in a sixth embodiment according to the second variant with a split screw, in which the legs are closed;

11 is a cross section along the line XI-XI from the 10 ;

12 shows the screw connection of the 10 in which the legs are spread;

13 is a cross section along the line XIII-XIII from the 12 ;

14 is a top view of the inner body of the screw of FIG 10 to 13 ;

15 is a side view of the inner body of the 14 ;

16 is cross section of a secured screw connection in a seventh embodiment according to the first variant with a split screw, in which the legs are spread; and

17 is a top view of the inner body of the screw of FIG 16 ,

In the 1 a secured screw connection is shown in a first embodiment. She shows a mother 10 with threaded hole 11 and a threaded shaft 12 on. In the lower half of the 1 are the mother 10 and the threaded shaft 12 shown separately.

On the threaded shaft 12 is a locking element 13 attached, which projects radially outwards. The locking element 13 here consists of a spring plate, which has an edge in the threaded shaft 12 is anchored and its opposite free edge runs parallel to the longitudinal axis A of the screw connection. At the threaded hole 11 are four recesses 15 formed, which are arranged at the same angular distance of 90 ° around the longitudinal axis A. Every recess 15 Here is an axial groove that runs the length of the threaded hole 11 runs.

According to the 1 is the free edge of the locking element 13 in the upper recess 15 , so that the screw connection is secured against unintentional loosening. Because to loosen the threaded shaft 12 from the position shown relative to the mother 10 turn to the left so that the locking element 13 initially in contact with the left flank of the upper recess 15 device and thereby hindering a further left turn. This is only possible if the torque is so great that the locking element is bent from the adjacent left flank to the right and its free edge slips out of the locking recess. The force required for this torque is also referred to here as release detent force.

If, on the other hand, the screw connection is to be tightened further, then the threaded shaft must 12 from the position shown relative to the mother 10 turn to the right so that the locking element 13 initially in contact with the right flank of the upper recess 15 device and thereby hindering further legal rotation. As before, this is only possible if the torque is so great that the locking element 13 is bent from the adjacent right flank to the left and with its free edge from the recess 15 slips out. The force required for this torque is also referred to here as the pull-in locking force. Now the threaded shaft can 12 can be turned further to the right with less torque as the bent locking element 13 can be pulled relatively easily over the internal thread until after 90 ° the right locking recess is reached, into which the locking element 13 can snap back into place.

So that the bent locking element 13 cannot clamp between the internal thread and the external thread, the external thread has a recess 17 on in which the locking element 13 sits and offers him enough space to dodge.

In this first embodiment, the release locking force is equal to the pull-on locking force, since the locking element 13 and the recesses 15 are symmetrical to the longitudinal axis A. In the 2 and 3 on the other hand, two modifications of the first embodiment are shown, in which the release latching force is greater than the tightening latching force, so that the screw connection can be loosened more difficult and / or tightened more easily.

In the 2 a secured screw connection is shown in a second embodiment. In the right half of the 2 is the mother 10 shown alone.

In contrast to the first embodiment, the locking recesses are here 15 not symmetrical, but each have an oblique right flank that moves radially inward from the left, radially extending flank. If now the threaded shaft 12 is turned to the right to tighten the screw connection from the position shown, then the locking element comes 13 initially only with its free edge in contact with the right flank, so that it can be bent more easily to the left and like on a wedge surface from the recess 15 slips out. As a result, the pull-in force is smaller than in the first embodiment.

In the 3 a secured screw connection is shown in a third embodiment. In the right half of the 3 is the threaded shaft 12 shown alone.

In contrast to the first embodiment, the locking element is here 13 not symmetrical, but inclined to the left if it is in a latching depression 15 located. If the threaded shaft 12 to loosen the screw connection from the position shown to the left, then the locking element 13 initially only with its free edge in contact with the left flank, so that it is more difficult to bend to the right, since it only has to be set up and only then can it be bent further. As a result, the release latch force is larger than that in the first embodiment.

The second embodiment can of course also with the third embodiment be combined.

In the 4 a secured screw connection is shown in a fourth embodiment. In the lower half of the 4 are the mother 10 and the threaded shaft 12 shown separately.

In contrast to the three previous embodiments, the locking element is here 13 not on the threaded shaft 12 but at the threaded hole 11 attached and projects radially inwards. The recesses are corresponding 15 not on the threaded hole 11 , but on the threaded shaft 12 educated. However, the mode of operation is the same in all embodiments.

In the 5 to 8th a secured screw connection is shown in a fifth embodiment. This fifth embodiment corresponds to the first embodiment, but has a split nut 10 on how they're in the DE 100 23 675 is described.

The mother 10 has an outer body 16 and two cheeks 18 . 20 on. The outer body 16 has an axial through opening 22 on the cheeks 18 . 20 are slidably received in the axial direction, as will be explained in more detail below. The passage opening 22 here has a rectangular cross section and runs coaxially to the longitudinal axis A of the nut 10 , The cheeks 18 . 20 here are cuboid blocks, the length of which is the length of the outer body 16 corresponds and whose width is slightly smaller than the width of the through opening 22 is like in the 6 is clearly visible, so that it is rotatably in the through opening 22 sit. Every cheek 18 . 20 points on its radially inner surface, that is to say on the surface that leads to the threaded shaft 12 has an internal thread segment 24 on that matches the external thread of the threaded shaft 12 is trained. Consequently, the in the 5 and 6 upper cheek 18 their female thread segment 24 on its bottom, while the bottom jaw 20 their female thread segment 24 carries on their top.

Like in the 6 The two cheeks are clearly visible 18 . 20 distributed symmetrically around the longitudinal axis A and thus also around the threaded shaft 12, that is to say they are at an angular distance of 180 ° to one another. This arrangement also applies accordingly to other embodiments of the nut (not shown) 10 , in which more than two jaws are provided: in the case of three jaws, these are then preferably arranged at an angular distance of 120 ° from one another around the longitudinal axis A.

According to the 6 are on the outer body 16 first guide means provided, here four lugs 26 include that of the through hole 22 protrude. There are two noses 26 at the in the 6 left and right of the passage opening 22 arranged at the same distance above and below the longitudinal axis A. The noses 26 are formed here by the inner end of pins, which from the outside in through holes 28 in the outer body 16 were inserted.

Suitable for these first guide means on the outer body 16 are according to the 5 . 6 and 9 second guide means on the cheeks 18 . 20 provided the four grooves here 30 include, in each of which one of the noses 26 running. Every cheek 18 . 20 points to their in the 6 left side surface a groove 30 and in its right side surface another groove symmetrical to this 30 on. Every groove 30 moves away according to the 5 and 9 in the tightening direction from the longitudinal axis A, so that their distance from the longitudinal axis A in the 5 left is larger than right. So every groove runs 30 essentially axially in a plane which is parallel and at a distance from the longitudinal axis A.

Even though the grooves are straight here can you also curved in the axial direction his.

Unlike the first embodiment, the split nut has 10 only two recesses 15 (in the 5 and 7 indicated by a dotted line) on the internal thread segments 24 the upper cheek 18 or the lower cheek 20 formed and arranged at the same angular distance of 180 ° around the longitudinal axis A. The threaded shaft 12 corresponds to that of the first to fourth embodiments, but according to FIGS 6 and 8th a second locking element 13 ' on, which is offset by 90 ° to the first locking element 13 about the longitudinal axis A. As with the first to fourth embodiments, this ensures that the screw connection is again in a locked, secured state after a rotation of 90 °, since either the first locking element 13 or the second locking element 13 ' in one of the two recesses 15 sitting.

To simplify the drawings are in the 5 to 8th the locking elements 13 . 13 ' only shown schematically.

The following is based on the 5 to 8th the functioning of the shared mother 10 described. In the 5 and 6 the nut 10 is shown in the open state in which the jaws 18 . 20 are so far apart that their internal thread segments 24 not in engagement with the external thread of the threaded shaft 12 stand and also none of the locking elements 13 . 13 ' in engagement with the locking recesses 15 stands. The mother 10 can therefore be in the open state to the right in the 5 , in the release direction, quickly from the threaded shaft 12 be withdrawn without having to be rotated about its longitudinal axis A, as is the case with a conventional one-piece nut. This property is particularly advantageous when the release latching force is high. The mother 10 can of course also quickly to the left, i.e. in the tightening direction, onto the threaded shaft 12 be pushed on without having to be turned.

Like in the 5 The outer body is clearly visible 16 relative to the cheeks 18 . 20 in the release direction up to the stop of the lugs 26 at the right end of the grooves 30 shifted so the cheeks 18 . 20 only about halfway through 22 stuck. Because every groove 30 the jaws are with their right end closer to the longitudinal axis A than with their remaining course 18 . 20 so far apart that their internal thread segments 24 not in engagement with the threaded shaft 12 stand and also the first locking element 13 not in engagement with the upper notch 15 stands.

Because the height of the cheeks 18 . 20 is chosen so that it with its radially outer surface 32 that at the top cheek 18 the top and the lower cheek 20 the underside of which is in this opened state of the mother 10 on the upper or lower surface of the through opening 22 to prevent them from being around the nose 30 tilt it down and then the bottom left edge of the top jaw 18 and the upper right edge of the lower jaw 20 on the threaded shaft 12 issue.

To close the mother 10 is this from the in the 5 shown position so far to the left until the jaws 18 . 20 with their left end faces on the objects to be connected 14 nudge. If the outer body 16 further relative to the threaded shaft 12 is pushed to the left, it is now also relative to the cheeks 18 . 20 shifted to the left and thus, since they can no longer move to the left, pushed onto them. Since now the outer body 16 relative to the cheeks 18 . 20 the noses run in the direction of tightening 26 in the grooves 30 also in the tightening direction so that the jaws 18 . 20 be moved radially inwards and thus closed. Because the cheeks 18 . 20 radially inwards, i.e. to the threaded shaft 12 their internal thread segments get there 24 uniformly engaged with the external thread of the threaded shaft over its entire length 12 , This will cause the internal thread segments to get caught and jammed 24 with the external thread through an inclined seat of the jaws 18 . 20 on the threaded shaft 12 prevented. Otherwise there is a risk that the mother 10 cannot be closed completely or, if this should be achieved with excessive force, the threads of the threaded shaft 12 and / or the cheeks 18 . 20 to be damaged.

If the outer body 16 completely on the cheeks 18 . 20 is postponed, then the mother is 10 in the closed state, which in the 7 and 8th is shown. In the 7 it is easy to see that then the noses 26 in the left end of the grooves 30 sit so the female thread segments 24 together form part of an internal thread that leads to the external thread of the threaded shaft 12 fits as in the 8th is easy to see. The cheeks 18 . 20 So together form an inner body in the through opening 22 is rotatably and slidably received in the axial direction and has an axial internal thread, as it is from a nut 10 is required. Conversely, it can be said that the inner body in the axial direction in two jaws 18 . 20 is divided.

If the mother 10 in the in the 7 and 8th shown closed state, then it can be tightened like a conventional one-piece nut because of the inner body 18 . 20 rotatable in the through opening 22 sitting.

In this closed state, the first locking element is also seated 13 in the upper recess 15 so that the screw connection is secured.

This fifth embodiment can of course also be varied such that the two locking elements are similar to the fourth embodiment 13 on the internal thread segments 24 are attached and therefore the two recesses 15 on the threaded shaft 12 are trained. In order to ensure that it clicks into place after each rotation by 90 °, the locking elements are located 13 at an angular distance of 180 ° and the locking recesses 15 at an angular distance of 90 ° to each other.

In the 10 to 13 a secured screw connection is shown in a sixth embodiment. This sixth embodiment corresponds to the fourth embodiment, but has a split screw 110 on how they're in the DE 100 36 194 is described.

The screw 110 has an inner body 113 and an outer body on the axially in two legs 114 . 115 is divided. Every thigh 114 . 115 has a shaft portion 116 , which is a segment of the external thread of the screw 110 wears, and a head section 117 on the one with the one in the 10 and 12 left end of the shaft section 116 connected is.

In contrast to the fourth embodiment, the split screw has 12 only two recesses 15 (in the 10 and 12 indicated by a dotted line) on the outer thread segments of the upper leg 114 or the lower leg 115 formed and arranged at the same angular distance of 180 ° around the longitudinal axis A. The mother 10 corresponds here to that of the first to fourth embodiments, but has according to FIGS 11 and 13 a second locking element 13 ' on, which is offset by 90 ° to the first locking element 13 about the longitudinal axis A. As with the first to fourth embodiments, this ensures that the screw connection is again in a locked, secured state after a rotation of 90 °, since either the first locking element 13 or the second locking element 13 ' in one of the two recesses 15 sitting.

To simplify the drawings are in the 10 to 13 the locking elements 13 . 13 ' only shown schematically.

The thigh 114 . 115 are radially inward, that is, in the in the 10 and 11 biased closed position shown. For this purpose, it is provided here, for example, that the shaft sections 116 an annular groove 118 have a snap ring 119 sitting. Additional ring grooves with a snap ring can be provided as required. In addition, the ring groove 118 deviating from their position shown at the free end of the shaft sections 116 also at another point on the shaft sections 116 be provided.

According to the 10 and 12 is in the head section 117 of the upper leg 114 a first hole 120 formed from top to bottom perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A of the screw 110 runs. A corresponding second hole 121 is in the head section 117 of the lower leg 115 aligned with the first hole 120 educated. A guide pin 122 sits with its upper end in the first hole 120 and with its lower end in the second hole 121 so the two legs 114 . 115 can be moved radially, but not axially relative to each other. The two holes 120 . 121 are designed as through bores and each have a diameter in the radially outer section that is larger than the diameter of the guide pin 122 is. The two head ends of the guide pin lie in these radially outer sections 122 that have a larger diameter than the rest of the guide pin 122 to have. Thus, the guide pin 122 not from the holes 120 . 121 slip out. The assembly of the guide pin 122 is described below.

Every head section 117 has a radially inner surface 123 on that starting from the left face of the head section 117 first parallel to the longitudinal axis A and then obliquely radially inwards to the longitudinal axis A.

The inner body 113 has essentially the shape of a rod with a rectangular cross section. Its tip end (right in the 10 and 12 ) is suitable for the radially inner surfaces 123 wedge-shaped. In the in the 10 shown closed state are therefore the upper and lower wedge surface 124 the tip end of the inner body 113 on the sloping portion of the radially inner surface 123 of the upper or lower head section 117 on. The middle section adjacent to the tip end 125 of the inner body 113 has a height equal to the distance between the parallel sections of the radially inner surfaces 123 of the two head sections 117 in the in the 12 shown closed state corresponds. Therefore, these parallel sections are on the top or bottom of the middle part 125 on. The length of the middle part 125 corresponds to the length of the shaft sections 116 , That on the middle part 125 adjacent headboard 126 of the inner body 113 has a top and a bottom that match the radially inner surfaces 123 of the two head sections 117 are trained. Therefore, the head end 126 lies in the spread state with its top and bottom on the radially inner surfaces 123 on, and the middle part lies in this spread state 125 with its top and bottom at the bottom of the upper shaft section 116 or at the top of the lower shaft section 116 on.

In the 14 and 15 is the inner body 113 shown in top view and side view. It has an axial slot 127 on the entire length of the middle section 125 to the head end 126 runs and in the top and bottom of the inner body 113 empties. The guide pin 122 is according to the 10 and 12 through the slot 127 guided so that the inner body 113 captive with the thighs 114 . 115 connected is.

Like in the 11 The shaft sections are clearly visible 116 a cross-sectional area in the form of a segment of a circle, the radius of which corresponds to the radius of the external thread of the screw 110 and the radius of the internal thread 111 mother 10 corresponds and whose central angle is less than 180 °. This central angle is chosen so that in the closed state with coaxial alignment of the nut 10 and screw 110 no shaft section 116 with its male thread segment in engagement with the female thread 111 stands, that is, the width of the shaft portion 116 smaller than the inside diameter of the internal thread 111 and the height of the shaft section 116 smaller than the inner radius of the internal thread 111 is.

The following is based on the 10 to 13 the operation of the split screw 110 described. In the 10 and 11 the screw 110 is shown in the closed state, in which the legs 114 . 115 are so close to each other that their male thread segments do not engage the female thread 111 mother 10 stand and also none of the locking elements 13 . 13 ' in engagement with the locking recesses 15 stands. The screw 110 can therefore in this closed state to the right in the 10 , so in the tightening direction, quickly into the mother 10 can be pushed in without having to be rotated about its longitudinal axis A, as is the case with a conventional one-piece screw. This property is particularly advantageous when the release latching force is high. The screw 110 can of course also go to the left, that is in Lö direction, quickly from the mother 10 can be pulled out without having to be rotated.

Like in the 10 The inner body is clearly visible 113 relative to the thighs 114 . 115 in the release direction up to the stop of the guide pin 122 at the right end of the slot 127 shifted so that its tip end is between the head sections 117 located. Because the thighs 114 . 115 with the help of the snap ring 119 are biased radially inward, their radially inner surfaces, that is, the underside of the upper leg 114 , and the top of the lower leg 115 together.

For spreading the screw 110 becomes the inner body 113 from the in the 10 shown position relative to the legs 114 . 115 pushed to the right by the wedge action between the wedge surfaces 124 at the tip end of the inner body 113 and the sloping portions of the radially inner surfaces 123 of the head section 117 initially in the area of the head section 117 be pressed radially outwards and with the to the head section 117 adjacent areas of the shaft sections 116 in engagement with the internal thread 111 reach. If the inner body 113 is pushed so far to the right that its tip end is between the shaft sections 116 then the legs 114 . 115 not further spread in the area mentioned, but held in the spread position reached. The inner body 113 will continue to the right between the thighs 114 . 115 pushed that now in the areas of the shaft sections further to the right 116 be pushed radially outward and engaged with the internal thread 111 reach. If the headboard 126 between the head sections 117 lies and lies with its oblique sections on its oblique sections, then the inner body 113 completely between the thighs 114 . 115 pushed in, so that the screw 110 is in the spread state, which in the 12 and 13 is shown. In the 12 it is easy to see that then the guide pin 122 at the left end of the slot 127 sitting.

In the 13 it can be clearly seen that the male thread segments of the shaft sections 116 together the external thread of the screw 110 form that to the internal thread 111 mother 10 fits. The thigh 114 . 115 So together form an outer body that carries an external thread, like it does from a screw 110 is required. Conversely, it can be said that the outer body in the axial direction in two legs 114 . 115 is divided. The shaft sections 116 the thigh 114 . 115 form together with the middle part 125 of the inner body 113 the threaded shaft 12 the screw 110 , whose outer diameter to the outer diameter of the internal thread 111 mother 10 fits and the sum of the heights of the two shaft sections 116 and the height of the middle section 125 equivalent.

If the screw 110 in the in the 12 and 13 shown spread state, then it can be tightened like a conventional one-piece screw. This is done with a conventional tool, such as a screwdriver or wrench, on the head of the screw 110 attacks in this spread state from the head sections 117 the cord 114 . 115 and the headboard 126 of the inner body 113 is formed.

In this spread state, the first locking element is also seated 13 in the upper recess 15 so that the screw connection is secured.

This sixth embodiment can of course also be varied such that the two latching elements are similar to the first embodiment 13 on the thighs 114 . 115 are attached and therefore the two recesses 15 at the threaded hole 11 are trained. In order to ensure that it clicks into place after each rotation by 90 °, the locking elements are located 13 at an angular distance of 180 ° and the locking recesses 15 at an angular distance of 90 ° to each other.

The guide pin is used for assembly 122 , initially only on his in the 12 has a head end in the spread state of the screw 110 with its lower end in the second hole 121 inserted and through the slot 127 so far from below in the first hole 120 pushed that headboard to the shoulder of the second hole 121 supports where its diameter decreases. Then the head end is pushed up and the upper end of the guide pin 122 upset so that, like the lower end, it becomes a head end that sits on the shoulder of the first hole 120 supports where its diameter decreases.

In the spread state of the screw 110 the guide pin is supported 122 with its head ends on the shoulders of the two holes 120 . 121 and is therefore under tension. Consequently, the two legs 114 . 115 radially inwards against the inner body 113 pressed so that pulling out the inner body 113 is difficult.

In the 16 a secured screw connection is shown in a seventh embodiment. This seventh embodiment corresponds to the first embodiment, but like the sixth embodiment has a split screw 110 on how they're in the DE 100 36 194 is described.

In contrast to the sixth embodiment, there is only one locking element 13 provided that in the in the 16 left side surface of the middle part 125 of the inner body 113 is anchored. In the 17 is this inner body 113 the split screw 10 shown in top view. Since, as already mentioned, the middle section 125 together with the shaft sections 116 the thigh 114 . 115 the threaded shaft 12 the screw 110 form, is the locking element 13 , as in the first embodiment, on the threaded shaft 12 attached to it However, it is located in a section of the threaded shaft 12 that has no external thread.

Because the recess 15 is an axial groove that runs the length of the threaded hole 11 runs, the inner body 113 in the axial direction between the two legs 114 . 115 can be pulled out without the threaded shaft 12 in the threaded hole 11 has to be rotated.

A

longitudinal axis

10

mother

11

threaded hole

12

threaded shaft

13 13 '

locking element

14

to screwing objects

15

latching depression

16

outer body

17

recess

18

upper jaw

20

lower jaw

22

Through opening

24

Internal thread segment

26

nose

28

Through holes

30

groove

32

radially outer surfaces of the jaws 18 . 20

34

inner wedge surfaces

110

screw

113

inner body

114

upper leg

115

lower leg

116

shank portion

117

header

118

ring groove

119

snap ring

120

first drilling

121

second drilling

122

guide pin

123

radially inner surface of the head section 117

124

Wedge surface at the tip end of the inner body 113

125

Middle part of the inner body 113

126

Head end of the inner body 113

127

slot

Claims (11)

Secured screw connection, with: - a threaded shaft ( 12 ); - a threaded hole ( 11 ); - at least one locking element ( 13 . 13 ' ) on the threaded shaft ( 12 ) is attached and protrudes radially outwards; and - at least one recess ( 15 ) to accommodate the locking element ( 13 . 13 ' ) on the threaded hole ( 11 ) is formed, characterized in that the locking recesses ( 15 ) and / or the locking elements ( 13 . 13 ' ) are designed such that the release latching force is greater than the tightening latching force. Secured screw connection, with: - a threaded shaft ( 12 ); - a threaded hole ( 11 ); - at least one locking element ( 13 . 13 ' ) on the threaded hole ( 11 ) is attached and protrudes radially inwards; and - at least one recess ( 15 ) to accommodate the locking element ( 13 . 13 ' ) on the threaded shaft ( 12 ) is trained. characterized in that the locking recesses ( 15 ) and / or the locking elements ( 13 . 13 ' ) are designed such that the release latching force is greater than the tightening latching force. Secured screw connection according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it has a nut ( 10 ) with: - an outer body ( 16 ), which has an axial through opening ( 22 ) having; - an inner body ( 18 . 20 ) in the through opening ( 22 ) is slidably received in the axial direction, the threaded bore ( 11 ) and in the axial direction in at least two jaws ( 18 . 20 ) which each carry a segment of the internal thread on their radially inner surface and in this way in the through opening ( 22 ) that if the outer body ( 16 ) relative to the inner body ( 18 . 20 ) is moved in an axial direction, moved apart and, if the outer body ( 16 ) relative to the inner body ( 18 . 20 ) is moved in the opposite axial direction, be closed. Secure screw connection according to claim 3, characterized in that the jaws ( 18 . 20 ) if the outer body ( 16 ) relative to the inner body ( 18 . 20 ) in the loosening direction of the nut ( 10 ) is moved radially outwards and if the outer body ( 16 ) relative to the inner body ( 18 . 20 ) in the tightening direction of the mother ( 10 ) is moved radially inwards. Secured screw connection according to claim 3, characterized in that: - the jaws ( 18 . 20 ) each have a front section that carries the respective internal thread segment, and an integrally connected rear section that is shaped similarly to the front section, but is slightly angled outwards relative to this and instead of the internal thread segment has a non-threaded recess whose internal dimensions are larger than that Female thread segment is; and - the cheeks ( 18 . 20 ) pivotally mounted to one another at the transition point between the front sections and the rear sections are that the front sections when the outer body ( 16 ) relative to the inner body ( 18 . 20 ) in the loosening direction of the nut ( 10 ) is moved, opened and if the outer body ( 18 . 20 ) relative to the inner body ( 16 ) in the tightening direction of the mother ( 10 ) is moved, closed. Secured screw connection according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a screw ( 110 ) with: - an outer body ( 114 . 115 ), the threaded shaft ( 12 ) and in the axial direction in at least two legs ( 114 . 115 ), which each have a shaft section ( 116 ) that carries a segment of the external thread, and are biased radially inwards; and - an inner body ( 113 ) between the thighs ( 114 . 115 ) is slidably arranged in the axial direction, the legs ( 114 . 115 ) when the inner body ( 113 ) in the loosening direction of the screw ( 110 ) between the legs ( 114 . 115 ) is pulled out, can be moved radially inwards. Secured screw connection according to claim 6, characterized in that the latching element ( 13 ) in a side surface of the inner body ( 113 ) that anchors a portion of the peripheral surface of the threaded shaft ( 12 ) that does not have an external thread. Secured screw connection according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the latching recess ( 15 ) is an axial groove. Secured screw connection according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking recesses ( 15 ) and / or the locking elements ( 13 . 13 ' ) are designed so asymmetrically to the longitudinal axis (A) of the screw connection that the release latching force is greater than the tightening latching force. Secured screw connection according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each locking recess ( 13 . 13 ' ) has an oblique right flank that moves radially inward from the left, radially extending flank. Secured screw connection according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each locking element ( 13 . 13 ' ) is inclined to the left if it is in a recess ( 15 ) is located.