DE10011145A1 - Positive displacement machine for fluids has impeller in open displacement cavity rinning at speed dependent on crank, cam or oscillator drive - Google Patents

Abstract

The positive displacement machine has an impeller (3) in an open displacement cavity (7) running at a speed dependent on a crank, cam or oscillator drive (6). The accelerations and decelerations associated with changes in speed are amplified so that the fluid previously non-positively adhering to the impeller surface are disengaged by cavitation.

Description

The invention relates to a displacement machine with a Working space and one arranged therein, by a drive device against a fluid reciprocating displacer.

Displacement machines are used for fluids. Your working principle is based on the displacement of the production fluid. The displacement or Energy transfer takes place through solid displacement bodies such as pistons, wings, Membranes etc. in a displacement work room. This requires that Control fluid changes in the work process via suction and pressure valves.

The invention has for its object energy from a displacer to transfer and discharge to a fluid.

With a displacement machine, this task is the one described above Generic solved in that the working space facing the fluid Side is open that the displacer over part of its length from the Working space accelerated against the fluid first and then can be advanced with a delay (top dead center) and to generate a Filling space in the work area first accelerated and then decelerated is retractable (bottom dead center) and that the with the  Speed changes of the displacer resulting accelerations and delays are adjustable so that the fluid at The displacement movement of the displacer is decoupled from the displacer by cavitation and when the displacer moves in, following the displacer, before reaching bottom dead center again on the displacer.

With the training according to the invention, the displacer in the Working space back and forth at a speed dependent on the drive moves and those with the speed changes themselves resulting accelerations and decelerations by increasing the Drive speed increased so that the positive on the displacer adhering fluid decoupled by cavitation and that during one revolution transferred energy is delivered as propulsive energy.

With the displacement machine according to the invention Fluid machines, such as B. propellers, mixers, stirrers, Circulation pumps, etc., to be replaced. By the opposite Fluid machines better and almost over the entire work area constant energy conversion efficiencies become significant Energy savings achieved.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention Working space is a working cylinder and is the displacer than in the working cylinder arranged piston formed.

As a drive device for the displacement machine according to the Invention come crank drives, cam drives or oscillator drives Commitment.

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1 shows a floating body immersed in water with a Verdrängerarbeitsmaschine according to the invention in the initial position (bottom dead center),

Fig. 2, the position of the machine at the end of Verdrängerhubes,

Fig. 3 shows the position of the machine at top dead center,

Fig. 4, the position of the machine at the end of Kavitationsphase,

Figure 5 is a p -. V Working diagram of an operating phase of the machine.

Figs. 1 to 4 show the rear part of a submerged in water floating body 1. At the rear end of the floating body 1 is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the floating body working cylinder 2 so that it protrudes with a portion of its length from the floating body. The working cylinder 2 is open to the water side. A piston 3 is displaceable in the working cylinder and is connected via a piston rod 4 to a schematically illustrated crank drive 5 .

The piston 3 moves at the speed generated by the crank mechanism 5 . The water mass in front of the piston is accelerated or decelerated in accordance with the speed change of the piston. The resulting transfer of energy to the water does not take place with slight changes in speed and non-positive water mass. If the speed changes, decelerations or accelerations are increased by increasing the speed (frequency), the water adhering to the piston can be detached. The boiling or saturation pressure of the water on the piston surface 6 with cavitation is then established. This formation of cavitation occurs in the displacement path, position of the piston from FIG. 2 via position according to FIG. 3 to position according to FIG. 4.

By accelerating the fluid out of bottom dead center energy is added to the water mass. With the subsequent delay will change when you select a corresponding speed change Detach the mass of water from the piston and it becomes during one revolution transferred energy delivered as propulsive energy.

The following changes in state result: The water displaced in the first part of the displacement path ( FIG. 1 to FIG. 2) is replaced with the absorbed energy on the displacement path ( FIG. 2 to FIG. 3) when the boiling and saturation pressure of the water is reached submitted. After the direction of movement is reversed, the boiling and saturation pressure will burden the displacer on the way ( FIG. 3 to FIG. 4). A new water filling is achieved on the way ( FIG. 4 to FIG. 1). The process now starts again with the energy supply.

The p - V Working diagram according to FIG 5 shows the course of the pressure p as a function of the displaced volume V..

It means:
p = pressure curve during the working stroke

p _L = air pressure on the fluid surface
p _L + h ρ g = static pressure on the displacement surface
p _s = boiling saturation pressure depending on the fluid temperature
V = volume
V _H = displacement
UT = bottom dead center
OT = top dead center

With the start of the displacement of the displacer from the bottom dead center UT, the delivery fluid is accelerated and the maximum pressure p 10 builds up in the fluid. This pressure will decrease during the further movement 10 to 11 of the displacer. If the displacer has reached the maximum speed at 11 , the fluid is no longer accelerated. Now the displacement speed begins to decrease as the displacer continues. This is associated with a deceleration - negative acceleration. The pressure p on the displacer surface continues to drop, since the displaced fluid tries to maintain the maximum speed reached according to the energy conservation law. If the boiling pressure p _{s of} the liquid is reached on the displacer surface, the high-energy fluid is released from the displacer and the cavitation phase 11 to 12 begins. This boiling pressure will adjust itself to the top dead center OT 12 until the direction of displacement is reversed. Even after the direction of movement is reversed from top dead center, the boiling pressure, associated with the formation of cavitation, is retained since the fluid surrounding the displacer cannot now follow the accelerations of the displacer. If the displacer has reached the maximum speed on the return path 12 to 13 , there is no longer any acceleration. The fluid now follows the displacer in a force-fitting manner 13 to 14 , fills the displacer working space, and finally loads the displacer with the static pressure at bottom dead center UT. The area resulting from the recording of the pressure curve in the working diagram represents the work of a double stroke or one revolution of the drive transferred to the fluid by the displacer.

Reference number list

1

Floating body

2

Working cylinder

3rd

piston

4

Piston rod

5

drive

6

Displacement surface (cavitation decoupling surface)

7

open displacement workspace
h immersion depth

10th

Pressure in the delivery fluid due to acceleration forces at bottom dead center

11

Pressure in the delivery fluid when the displacer exits the cylinder

12th

Pump fluid pressure at top dead center

13

Pressure in the delivery fluid when the displacer enters the cylinder

14

Pressure in the delivery fluid at bottom dead center due to static loads

Claims (5)

1. Displacement machine with a work space and a displacer displaceable therein by a drive device against a fluid, characterized in that the work space on the side facing the fluid is open, that the displacer over part of its length out of the work space is initially accelerated against the fluid and can then be pushed forward with a delay (top dead center) and is first accelerated to produce a filling space in the work area and then retracted with a delay (bottom dead center) and that the accelerations and decelerations resulting from the speed changes of the displacer can be adjusted in this way, that the fluid is decoupled from the displacer by the cavitation during the advancing movement of the displacer and, when the displacer moves in, following the displacer, rests on the displacer before reaching bottom dead center. 2. Displacement machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the working space is a working cylinder ( 2 ) and that the displacer is designed as a piston ( 3 ) arranged in the working cylinder. 3. displacement machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized characterized in that the drive device is a crank mechanism.   4. displacement machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized characterized in that the drive device is a cam drive. 5. displacement machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized characterized in that the drive device is an oscillator drive.