DD299881A7 - MEDIUM AND METHOD FOR INTENSIFYING CEREAL PRODUCTION - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a means and a method for its use for increasing the yield and increasing the quality of normally supplied grain crops. According to the invention, an agent and a method for its use is proposed for this purpose which contains copper lignosulphonate alone or in a mixture with other metal ions, some of which are complexed, and with formulation agents. The composition of the invention finds application in an application rate of 2-1000 kg / ha in 1-4facher application, whereby it is applied aviotechnisch or with suitable Bodengeraeten during the Feekesstadien 4-9 on the plants.

Description

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Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a means and a method for its use to increase yield and increase the quality of cereal crops and thus to intensify the grain products.

Characteristic of the known state of the art

It has long been known that yield losses or diseases occur in cereal plants, when in addition to the known main nutrients, the micronutrients such as copper, iron, manganese and zinc are not available in sufficient quantity. If the supply of even one of the micronutrients mentioned is omitted, or if the amount is too low, deficiency symptoms appear. Therefore, an optimal supply of the plant with main and micronutrients is sought. Thus, it has become known that to compensate for the micronutrient deficiency on peat soils a spray finds application, which consists of 0.1-5% manganese ions, 0.03-1.2% copper ions, to 1.6% iron ions, a reducing agent, a complexing agent and optionally a hygroscopicity-enhancing substance and ammonium hydroxide for adjusting the pH. (DE-AS 2,535,985)

Furthermore, micronutrient fertilizers containing salts of magnesium and trace elements in the form of their sulfates, nitrates and / or chlorides in combination with the sodium and / or potassium salts of N-carboxyalkylamino acid have been used. (DE-AS 2,313,921)

These fertilizers are used to compensate for nutrient deficiencies and should have the advantage that they are easy to prepare and storage stable.

Further, liquid fertilizers containing trace elements in chloride form and / or boric acid and acetamide or formamide, which contain N-methylpyrrolidone as a solvent, known (DE-PS 2,509,467).

These fertilizers are used to compensate for nutrient deficiencies and habon have the advantage that they can be combined in small amounts, if necessary: can be used with pesticides.

Finally, to compensate for nutrient deficiency serving for foliar fertilization buffer mixture was known, the nutrients contained carbon, oxygen, nitrogen and others bound as hydroxides, phosphates, carbonates u, α. available. Furthermore, a variety of conditioning agents, buffer mixtures, adhesives, moisture-influencing agents, H-ion donors and other agents come toi application (DE-PS 3,417,133). Furthermore, a process for the preparation of a Kupferligninsulfonats was known, in which the resulting in the production of copper printed circuit boards as waste product copper-containing ammoniacal Ätzlauge is reacted with the ligninsulfonates obtained as a waste in pulp production. The amounts of waste products used show that only one-tenth of the copper used can actually be complexed to lignin sulfonate and nine-tenths is present as copper sulfate (WP 237.163).

Disadvantage of this invention is that it can be used to avoid etching damage only in low concentrations to compensate for copper deficiency symptoms.

Recently, to detect nutrient deficiencies increasingly complex plant analyzes are performed. With the appropriate nutrient supply, an optimal ratio of micronutrients to nitrogen must always be maintained. It has been found that extra income from micronutrient fertilization can only be expected if there is insufficient supply of these nutrients. An oversupply is reported as luxury consumption, which leads to no further increase in income.

Excess intake of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and magnesium usually leads to antagonistic effects of the elements with each other. The same applies to the effect on micronutrients. The consequences are impairment of growth and yield. In the case of micronutrient deficiencies, yield losses due to developmental disorders, which can lead to the death of the plants, are known. (W. Bergmann, Nutritional Disorders in Crop Plants, Jena 1986)

All these findings have in common that existing nutrient disproportions should be compensated in order to ensure optimal supply to the plants.

Object of the invention

It is the goal of the invention to propose a cost-effective and environmentally friendly means and method for its use in intensifying grain production on optimally supplied soils.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The object of the invention is aufzoigon a means and an ancestor to its application, which allows a significant increase in yield with optimally prepared grain crops.

Surprisingly, it has now been found that with optimally supplied soils and plants a significant increase in yield of the cereal crops is achieved when an agent comprising copper lignosulfonate in aqueous solution with metal ions complexed thereto, especially copper ions alone or in admixture with other metal ions such as magnesium, Contains iron, calcium, manganese and zinc ions in addition to formulating agents, is applied to the plant * According to the invention contains the agent 1-50% lignosulfonate with a complexed metal content of 0.01-6%. Al?

Formulating agents include the use of liquid and / or solid carrier substances, diluents, surface-active substances, adhesion promoters and other formulation auxiliaries or crop protection agents and other nutrients.

According to the invention, the agent is used on cereal crops such as rye, oats, wheat and barley, which grow on optimally cared for soil and balanced no nutrient mango (W.Bergmann, nutritional disorders in crops, Jena 1986, p.25).

The ormesungsgemäße means v / ird in an expenditure of 2-1000kg / ha in 1-4facher application aviotechnisch or with floor equipment during the Feekesstadien 4-9, in particular 6-8, applied to Pf'anze.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments.

750 kg of liquid sulphite waste liquor containing approx. 1.8% calcium are diluted in a kettle with 111.51 of water and stirred with 196.5 kg of copper sulphate (CuSO ₄ 5H ₂ O) for 1 hour. The resulting in the reaction calcium sulfate (CaSO ₄ 2 H ₂ O) is completely removed after 12 hours of settling by means of a filter press.

The product thus obtained is a brown, viscous liquid containing 50% lignosulfonate and 5% copper.

Figure 1 shows a diagram showing the dependence between yield and copper content in the plant. It can be seen from the diagram that a copper deficiency (<5 ppm) leads to yield reductions, irrespective of the form in which and at which time the copper-containing agent was supplied. In the case of fertilization with known copper-containing fertilizers, contents of 5-15 ppm of Cu in the leaf can be achieved without the additional increase in yield occurring, whereas in the application with the agent according to the invention, a Mohr yield is produced. By increasing the applied amount of the agent according to the invention, the copper content in the plant continues to increase. At the same time, a significant increase in production was achieved (1-8) applied with equal amounts of known copper-containing fertilizers, with copper content in the plant of> 15 ppm causing chemical burns and other toxic effects resulting in low yields (9).

More yields with the orfindungsgernäßen agent can only be achieved if the application is carried out in dor specified concentration and in the said period. (6-8)

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Example culture

Cu (ppm)

Soil contents v «d, application

Mg (mg / 100 g)

Cu (ppm)

Plant contents v.d, application

Mg ( %)

Lignosulfonate (wt.%)

Invention copper ^

Magnesium (wt%)

Effort (kg / ha) per Appl.

Number of applications

Appointment of the application (Feekes stage)

Cu (ppm)

Plant contents 24 h after application

Mg ( %)

Cu (ppm)

Plant contents 7 days after application

Mg ( %)

Additional income (dt / ha) Remarks

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Claims (2)

A copper-based foliar application agent for increasing the yield of optimally nutritious grain crops, characterized in that the agent is 1-50% of copper lignosulfonate in aqueous solution containing 0.01-5% complexed copper by itself or in admixture with other lignosulfonates such as magnesium lignosulfonate, calcium lignin sulfonate, manganese ligninsulfonate in addition to formulation auxiliaries. 2. A method for increasing the yield of optimally nutrient-supplied grain crops, characterized in that the agent in an application rate of 2-1000kg / ha in 1-4facher application aviotechnical or with ground equipment during Feekesstadien 4 -9, in particular 6-8, on the plants are applied.