DD283541A5 - METHOD FOR STERILIZING THE DUST BAGS OF PLANTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for sterilizing the dust bags of plants, which makes it possible to sterilize dust bags of a wide range of cultures with a high degree of sterilization while maintaining the ability of seeds to form Furchtansaetze with free Bestäubung. In the method according to the invention, the plants are treated with a sterilizing agent containing a suspending agent in the fifth and / or sixth period of the organogenesis. As active ingredients in the sterilizing agent used according to the invention derivatives of aliphatic alcohols of the general formula wherein the substituents R1, R2, R3, R4 and Y have the meaning given in the description. The method according to the invention is used in agriculture in selection and seed-building. Formula {anther plants; Sterilization procedures; Sterilant; Active ingredient aliphatic alcohols; Agriculture, selection; Seed Production}

Description

Description of the Invention METHOD FOR STERILIZING ION DUST BAGS FROM PLANTS

The present invention relates to biology and agriculture, in particular to a process for the sterilization of anthers of plants rich in selection and seed building.

Field of use

The method according to the invention is used in selection and seed construction for the production of high-performance varieties and hybrids of agricultural crops.

Characteristic of the known technical solution

Today, the global task of intensifying agriculture, in particular to increase the productivity of cereal, forage, vegetable and technical crops through the widespread use of first-generation hybrids, is being solved because of their hybrid power, the Y hybrids differ from the parent forms by a higher performance (by 25 to 30%) and a better product quality. There is a procedure

for the production of new hybrids, which on one system

"Cytoplasmic Pollen Sterility - Restorer of Fertility" This method is based on a sustained (within 12 to 14 years) and complicated selection work involving the creation of sterile analogs, sterility pills and fertility reators based on the sterilization of the anthers of plants using chemical sterilants (garneticides). The use of gametocides is more economical than the system ⁿ cytoplasmic male sterility ¹ ×, by eliminating the need to create such forms as sterile analogue, analogue for the fixation of sterility in maternal forms and for the restoration of fertility in paternal forms · One In practice, it is possible to obtain the seeds of first-generation hybrids in the course of the selection of initial forms as well as in the organization of their technical production.

At present, about 200 compounds are found which possess gametocidal activity and belong to different classes of chemical compounds according to their chemical structure. Gametocides must cause full sterility of pollinated plants while preserving the viability of single cells and have a sufficiently high capacity ( at least 70% of the control) to make the ovary under free pollination. The values of their phytotoxicity and toxicity to warm-blooded animals must be minimal.

Methods for the sterilization of the dust bags of cereal crops are known (L. Dzh Ifikell, Regulatory rosta raaty, Primenenie ν selskom khozyaistve, Moskva, izdatelstvo, Kolos, 1984, pp. 28-31, SU, A, 906457, LJ Nikell, Growth regulators of plants, application in agriculture, Moscow, publisher

, 3 - "Kolos", 1984. S, 28-31) "which in the treatment of plants with sterilizing agents such as 2-chlorothylphosphonic acid (Ethrel), maleic hydrazide, di- (polyfluoroalkyl) -phosphoric acids and their salts, and the like. consist. The treatment of the plants with sterilizing agents takes place in the 5th or 6th period of organogenesis (according to M.Kupermann)

In the 5th period of an organogenesis processes of formation and differentiation of bleedings begin. Towards the end of this period, neoplasms, sporogenous arche- spores, are formed, during which period stamens, pistils, and inflorescences are applied. In the 5th period, the stool is differentiated from stamens into stamens and pistils. The VI. Period is characterized by the course of the processes of bleeding (micro- and macrosporogenesis). In this period, separate mononuclear pollen grains are formed (P, M. Kupermann, Morfofiziologiya rasteny, Moskva, izdatelstvo "Vysshaya shkola", 1973. pp. 30-36.) Morphophysiology of Plants, Moscow, Vyshaya shkola, 1973. S. 30-36).

Also known is a method for sterilizing the anthers of grass plants (GB, A, 1567153), which consists of treating the grass plants with a sterilizing agent in the period between the occurrence of the second stem limb and ear stems. As Steriöisationsmittel used heterocyclic compounds whose main representatives are 2-carboxy-3,4-methane-pyrrolidine or 2-Methoxykärbonyl-3 »4-methane-pyrrolidine. The indicated compounds are used in combination with diluents and surfactants.

Object of the invention

The aim of the present invention is to develop a process for sterilizing anthers which makes it possible to form this process for sterilizing anthers of a wide range of cultures with a high degree of sterilization while maintaining the high ability of seeds to produce fruiting with free pollination. to use · Presentation of the essence of the invention

The invention has for its object to develop a method by the choice of new sterilizing agents, which makes it possible this method for the sterilization of anthers of a broad range of cultures with a high degree of sterilization while maintaining the high ability of seeds, fruiting approaches to free pollination form to use ·

This object is achieved in that in the proposed method for sterilizing the anthers of plants by their treatment with a sterilizing agent in conjunction with a thinner in the fifth and / or sixth period of the organogenesis according to the invention as a sterilizing agent

Derivatives of aliphatic alcohols of the general formula

R, H

R - C C 0 Y

^J IIR ₂ R ₄

wherein R _{1 is} H, alkoxy, alkyl halide, methyl bromide, R _{3 is} H, alkoxy, hydroxyl, R is H, Cl, ClCH ₂ , C ₃ H ₅ , WO ₃ A "N ⁺ H ₅₁ ^ q) -ZCH ₂ where Z is O or S, R _{4 is} -H, CH-, 0 f 0

A denotes --K3 ^or (O) - C ^, in which X denotes H, F, Cl, OH, NH ₂ , NO ₂ ,

Y for H, -C-5K; F ^) -, F ^ q- ^ _c ^ ^,

- pe

c O /

or R ₂ -Y represents a simple bond, their thio analogues or their mixtures serve

The sterilant can be used in conjunction with any known and suitable diluent. It is expedient to use it in combination with water as a 0.1 to 2% aqueous emulsion. As plants treated with the indicated sterilant, it is preferred Grass plants or sunflower ·

The method according to the invention makes it possible to achieve the plant sterility of pollen (98 to 100%) and to obtain a high percentage of the ability to seed (more than 70%). In order to achieve the high degree of sterilization of anthers under unfavorable climatic conditions, the treatment of plants with the Sterilization agent in the fifth and / or sixth period of organogenesis (after Kupermann) repeated.

The process according to the invention is carried out as follows.

For example, if we plant winter and spring wheat, diploid and tetraploid rye, triticale, millet, sunflower and others are treated with a sterilant, as such, derivatives of aliphatic alcohols of general formula _D "

te ,. ii

I i

H _? CC 0 Y,

^R 2 H ₄

- 6 - ItS 5 * 1

wherein R _{1 is} H, alkoxy, alkyl halide, methyl bromide, R- is H, alkoxy, hydroxyl, R _{3 is} H, Cl, ClCH ₂ , C ₃ H ₅ , NO ₃ , A ~ N * H-, ^ Cy-ZCH ₂ , where Z is O or S, R. H, CH ,, 0 or f η

Α-WC '<5) -C, wherein X = H, F, Cl, OH, NH ₃ , NO ₂ , ₀

^a @ £ - ^M r ^c ^ , ce <o> -, ce- <o>-;

or R ₃ - Y represents a single bond, their thio analogues or their mixtures.

Derivatives of aliphatic alcohols may be used in conjunction with any suitable diluents. As thinner water is to be used suitably. In this case, 0.1 to 2% strength aqueous emulsion of the compounds indicated is advantageously to be used.

It is possible to add any suitable surfactants to the ready-to-use solutions as desired. When applied to the plants, it is customary to add to the ready-to-use solutions any known auxiliary additives, such as wetting agents, dispersants and adhesives.

The sterilizing agent can be applied to plants by various treatment methods such as liquid atomization and air atomization (aerosols). The treatment of plants with the sterilizing agent takes place in the fifth and / or sixth period of organogenesis (according to Kupermann). The rate of application of the sterilant depends on the nature of the compound, culture to be treated, treatment period and natural climatic factors. To avoid the high sterilization

- 7 - ZfJ SU1

To ensure the effect under unfavorable climatic conditions, it is expedient to carry out the repeated treatment of plants in the period of organogenesis. The total dose of the sterilizing agent is 0.6 to 20 kg / ha.

All derivatives of aliphatic alcohols or their thio analogues according to the invention, which are used as sterilizing agents, have been tested for toxicity in animal experiments. The results of the puff have shown that the compounds indicated are weakly toxic or practically non-toxic.

For example, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, tetramethylolmethane, bromomethyl-tri (oxymethyleneethane, 1-bromo-2,2 * 2-> trimethylolethane, 1-bromo-2,2-dimethylol-butane are practically nontoxic compounds Chloroethanol for white mice is 580 mg / kg animal weight, LD ₅₀ of ethanolamine salt of tetrachlorophthalic acid for white mice is 500 to 4000 mg / kg animal weight, LD ₅₀ of ethanolamine salt of 5-aminosalicylic acid is 2400 mg / kg animal weight for white mice, LDc ₀ ^of Athanolaminsalz of p-aminobenzoic acid amounts for white mice 2850 mg / kg of animal weight; IIDC ₀ ^of ethanolamine of benzoic acid amounts for white mice 4100 mg / kg of animal weight; LDc ₀ of Monoäthanolaminsalz of o-fluorobenzoic acid is used for white mice 700 mg / kg of animal weight; LD- ₀ of diethanolamine salt of o-fluorobenzoic acid is 500 mg / kg animal weight for white mice, LDc ₀ of monoethanolamine salt of p-hydroxybenzoic acid is 3200 mg / k for white mice g animal weight: LDc ₀ of ethanolamine salt of p-chlorobenzoic acid for white mice is 1200 mg / kg animal weight; LD _CQ of monoethanolamine salt of phthalic acid for white mice is 1100 mg / kg animal weight;

- 8 - zrssvt

LD ₅₀ of 3- (4 -Chlorphenoxy ^f) -propanediol-1,2 amounts for weiese mice 4OO to 6OO mg / kg of animal weight; LD ₅₀ of 3-chloro-1,2-epoxypropane is 238 mg / kg animal weight for white mice; LDj-Q of 3- (4-nitrophenoxy) -propanediol-1,2 for white mice is 400 to 600 mg / kg animal weight; LD ₅₀ of 3- (2'-fluorophenoxy) -propanediol-1,2 for white mice is 400 to 6OO mg / kg animal weight; LD, - ₀ of 3- (4'-fluorophenylthio) -propanediol-1,2 is about 400 mg / kg of animal weight} LD_ for white mice ₀ of 3- (fluorophenoxy) -propanediol-1,2 is used for white mice 400 to 600 mg / kg animal weight; LDc _Q of potassium xanthate is 1700 mg / kg animal weight for rats; LD ₅₀ of potassium isopropylxanthogenate is 760 mg / kg animal weight for rats; LDcq of p-potassium butylxanthogenate is 760 mg / kg animal weight for rats; LDc ₀ of έ -chloroethyl ester of 2,4-dichloro-5-fluorophenoxyacetic acid is 500 mg / kg animal weight for a white mouse; U) ₅₀ of β- chloroethyl ester of 4-fluorophenoxyacetic acid is 400 mg / kg of animal weight for white mice; LDe ₀ of 4-fluorophenoxyethanol is 350 mg / kg animal weight for white mice; LDc ₀ of 3- (4 ^l -fluorophenylthio) -propanediol-1,2 is 4OO mg / kg animal weight for white mice; LDc ₀ of 3- (3'-chlorophenyithio) -propanediol-1,2 is 400 mg / kg animal weight for white mice; LD__ of 3- (2 * -fluorophenylthio) -propanediol-1,2 for white mice is mg / kg animal weight.

The sterilizing agents according to the invention, in whose general formula R ₁ R ₂ R _{3 is} alkoxy, R _{1 is} R _2, alkoxy, R _{3 is} ethyl, R _{4 is} H, A "- O, YaH, are prepared by condensation of acetaldehyde or butyraldehyde according to the known process with excess formaldehyde in the course

catalysis by alkalis.

The sterilizing agents according to the invention, in whose general formula R ₁ << BrCH ₂ -, R ₂ = -CH ₂ OH; R ~ -CH ₂ OH or -C ₂ Hc are prepared according to the known technology by replacing alcoholic hydroxyl with halogen under the action of hydrogen halide ·

The sterilizing agents according to the invention, in the general formula of which R.A.R.R.R.H, R, Cl, Y are H, are prepared by the known process by reaction of ethylene oxide with hydrogen chloride.

The sterilizing agents according to the invention, in whose general formula R ₁ HH, R-Cl, R represents H, YR ₂ , taken together, form a simple bond, are prepared by the known method by alkaline dehydrochlorination of glycerol dichloride hydrochloride.

The sterilizing agents according to the invention, in the general formula R ₁ s R - = R = Y = H, and

ß, ^s HCOOMH,,

A) COONH _3? CH

HO (O) COONH,>

O) -COONH

_{3 y}

(O) COONH ₁

) QH

COCNH ₁

(et

are prepared by reacting equimolar amounts of the corresponding organic acids and the monoethanolamine in aqueous solutions.

The sterilizing agents according to the invention, in their general formula R ₁ '= H, R ₂ = OH, R = CH ₂ OH, R ₄ = H,

y- u

» F

-, (O) -, ce

a .

are prepared by the known method by reacting alkali metal phenolates with o ^ -Glyzerinmonochlorhydrin.

The inventive sterilizing agent, in whose

₄ = Y »H, R ₂ = OH, R ₃

general formula R ₁

ct ^) - S-CH ₁ -

are prepared according to the known method by reacting the corresponding Natriumthiophenolaten with "^ -Glyzerinmonochlorhydrin ·

The erfindungagemässen sterilizing agent, in whose

general formula R ₁ = R _g = H, R - = H, - CH ₂ CH ₃ , R ₄ = H, CH - and Y = KSC ^ _-3 , are prepared by the reaction of 1 mole of Atzkalilösung in corresponding alcohol produced with 1 mole of carbon disulfide.

The sterilizing agents according to the invention, in whose general formula R ₁ R = R * Y * H, R ₃ = F (O / O), are prepared by the known process by reacting 4-sodium fluorophenolate with ethylene chlorohydrin.

The sterilizing agents according to the invention, in whose

general formula R = R ₂ = R = H, R - = Cl,

P Ο

Υ = / - / represent will be after the known

Process by reaction of a ^ acetyl chloride with 2-chloroethanol produced.

The inventive sterilizing agent, in whose

general formula

H, R ₃ «Cl, Y = ^f

are prepared by reacting 4-fluorophenoxyacetyl

Chloride prepared with ethylene chlorohydrin ·

The gametocidal activity of the sterilizing agents according to the invention is determined in field trials in various soil climatic zones with sections of 10 m in size in two to three to four repetitions. Each sterilant was tested for at least 5 years.

The development of the . Periods of organogenesis are monitored cytologically · The treatment of plants with the sterilizing agent takes place at the beginning of the fifth period of the organogenes (according to Küpemann).

Earthing realizes the isolation of main ears and other floors in parchment bags · Wheat and triticale use single insulators. In rye, 5 to 7 different plants per ear of wheat are included in a common insulator. In millet, each panicle is isolated separately. The sterility percentage (X) for wheat, rye, triticale and millet is calculated according to the formula

Number of inseminated in an isolator Seeds of treated plants

X = (1 _:) χ 100%

Number of inseminated in an isolator Seeds of untreated control plants

determined.

The grain count of the unisolated ears of control plants is assumed to be limited to 100% pickling with free pollination.

To obtain reliable data, 20 to 25 isolators of each replicate are used for wheat and triticale,

-12 -

10 to 15 insulators of each repetition for rye and millet.

For the control of the chemical sterilization of sunflower npollens, 45 treated plants of each replicate are used for each compound, 15 plants being isolated from them for self-pollination, and flower heads of 15 other plants being pollinated with a pollen mixture collected from 20 to 25 treated isolated baskets. and 15 plants are left for free pollination, thus the preparation of achenes with the pollen of the paternal form

can be controlled.

The pollen sterility of plants of the sunflower is assessed according to the pollen fertility and germination ability, the morphological characteristics of sperm and the ability of achenes to prepare for pollination of the treated isolated plants with the pollen of the untreated paternal form ze He is determined after seed formation of treated plants on free pollination with the paternal form.

It is desirable to carry out the treatment of plants in clear windless weather.

For a better understanding of the present invention, the following exemplary embodiments of the inventive method are given.

embodiments Examples 1 to 14

Plants of winter wheat variety Mironovskaya 808 are grown in the V. or VI «period of organogenesis by spraying the 2% aqueous emulsion of:

Fe-chloroethyl ester of 4-fluorophenoxyacetic acid (Example 1);

4-fluorophenoxyethyl alcohol (Example 2); 3- (4'-chlorophenoxy-3-O-propanediol-1,2 (Example 3); 3- (4'-fluorophenoyl) -propanediol-1,2 (Example 4)} potassium isopropylxanthogenate (Example 5); S-t'-dichlorophenoxyi -propanediol-i j2 (Example 6); 3- (2 ^f -fluorophenylthio) -propanediol-1,2 (Example 7) j 3- (3'-chlorophenylthio) -propanediol-1,2 (Example 8); 3 (4 "-nitrophenoxy) -propanediol-1,2 (Example 9); J> chlorothyl ester of 2,4-dichloro-5-fluorophenoxyacetic acid (Example 10);

3-chloro-1,2-epoxypropane (Example 11); Potassium ethylxanthogenate (Example 12); 3- (4 -Fluorphenylthio ^f) -propanediol-1,2 (Example 13); Monoethanolamine salt of orthofluorobenzoic acid (Example 14) treated with the aid of a backpack syringe.

As an emulsifier, 0.1% by weight of calcium alkylbenzenesulfonate having 12 to 14 carbon atoms is added.

As an adjuvant, 0.01% by weight of dimethyl sulfoxide is introduced into the emulsion.

The consumption of preparation is 20 kg / ha. As control serve plants, treated with a thinner without sterilizing agent. The test results are given in Table 1.

Table 1 Ifd · At- Number of Percent- Number Percentage No play Kornern the set of Korde's piecing Wr. Ear in the sterilizer Isolator did spike during sputtering

free work

Summer wheat variety Mironovskaya 808 1 control 37 , 5 0,0 40,5 100,0

-.14 -

example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Example 7 Example 8

Example 9

Example 10 Example 11 Example 12 Example 13 Example 14

Continuation of the table * 4 5 6 *** '

0.1 0.0 0.6 0.0 2.3 0.8 0.0 2.6 4.8 0.6

0.1 0.0 3.2 5.3

99.8 100

98.4 100

93.7.

97.9 100

93.1 85.2 100

99.8 100

91.5 85.9

30.4 75, t 27.4 67.7 28.6 70.6 30.6 75.4 35.2 86.2 35.0 86.4 36.7 90.6 32.7 80.7 34.0 83.9 30.1 74.3 31.4 77.5 30.7 75.8 38.2 94.3 36.2 89.3

Examples 15 to

Plants of summer wheat variety Moskovskaya 35 are in the period of organogenesis (according to Kupermann) with a 1% aqueous emulsion of 3 ~ (3-chlorophenylthio) -propanediol-1,2 (Example 15); 3- (2,4-dichlorophenoxy) -propanediol-1,2 (Example 16); Potassium isopropylxanthogenate (Example 17); Xthanolamine salt of 5-bromosalicylic acid (Example 18); 3- (2'-Pluorophenylthio) -propanediol-1,2 (Example 19); 3- (4 »- (3η1θΓρηβηθ33Γ) -propanediol-1,2 (Example 20); 3- (2'-Pluorophenoxy) -propanediol-1,2 (Example 21); potassium ethylxanthogenate (Example 22);

& Chlorathyl ester of 4-fluorophenoxyacetic acid (Example 23); Diethanolaminate dero-fluorobenzoic acid (Example 24); 3- (4'-

Phenyl phenylthio) -propanediol-1,2 (Example 25); 3- (4 * -fluoro-

phenoxy) -propanediol-1,2 (Example 26). The emulsion contains 0.1% by weight of calcium alkylbenzenesulfonate having 12 to 14 carbon atoms as emulsifier and 0.01% by weight of Ν, Ν-dimethylformamide as an adduct. Consumption of the preparation is 10 kg / ha. "Control plants are treated with a thinner without sterilizing agent." The test results

are given in Table 2 «

Table 2

lfd «Example Number of Percentage Number of Percent-N Nos., Number of Percentage of the Sterile-Grain Rate

Ear of corn in the isotat of its attachment

lator with free at free

Beetaubung dusting

1 1 9 2 15 3 4 5 6 2 10 16 variety Moskovskaya 35 Third 11 control 17 Somme rwe i ze η 0.0 27.5 4 12 example 18 27.1 99.7 24.6 100 5 13 example 19 0.8 99.9 26.0 89.5 6 example 20 0.1 91.5 24.9 94.5 7 example 21 2.3 93.4 27.9 90.5 8th example 22 1.8 100 24.6 101.5 example 23 0.0 100 25.8 89.5 example 24 0.0 99.9 26.2 93.8 example 25 0.1 100 *> 25.6 95.3 example 26 0.0 98.5 23.8 93.1 example 0.4 91.9 27.1 86.5 example 2.2 92.3 26.4 98.5 example 2.0 98.6 25.9 96 Ό 0.4 94.2

Examples 27 to 29

Plants of diploid rye variety Gibrid 1864/74 are in the V.Periode of Qrganogenese (after Kupermann) with

β is -ing

-16-

a 1 # aqueous emulsion of 4-fluorophenoxyethyl alcohol (Example 27); Monoathanolaminate of p-hydroxybenzoic acid (Example 28); The emulsion contains 0.1% by weight of calcium alkylbenzenesulfonate having 12 to 14 carbon atoms and 0.01% by weight of dodecyl sulfate. As a control, plants are treated with a thinner without sterilizing agent · The consumption of preparation is 10 kg / ha ·

The test results are given in Table 3 «Example 30 to 32

Plants of diploid rye variety Kharkovskaya 55 are grown in V. and VI, periods of organogenesis (according to Kupermann) with a 1% aqueous emulsion of β- chloroethyl ester of 4-fluorophenoxyacetic acid (Example 30); Ethanolamine salt of benzoic acid (Example 31); 3- (2,4-dichlorophenoxy) -propanediol-1,2 (Example 32). The emulsion contains 0.1 parts of calcium alkyl benzene sulphonate with 12 bia 14 carbon atoms as emulsifier and 0.01% by weight of tetrahydrofuran as adjuvant.

The consumption of sterilizing agent is 6 kg / ha. As control serve plants, treated with a thinner without sterilizing agent ·

The test results are in the table. 4, Examples 33 to 36

Plants of diploid rye variety Voskhod 2 are grown in the V, or during the period of organogenesis with a 1% aqueous emulsion of 3-chloro-1,2-epoxypropane (Example 33); Ethanolamine rate of isethraphic acid (Example 34); Athanolamine salt of 4-chlorobenzoic acid (Example 35); Treated 3- (2'-Pluorphenoxy) -propandiol-1,2 (Example 36).

The emulsion contains 0.1% by weight of calcium alkylbenzenesulfonate having 12 to 14 carbon atoms as an emulsifying agent and 0.01% by weight of ethylene glycol as an adjuvant. "Control is provided by plants treated with a thinner without sterilizing agent. The consumption of sterilizing agent is 8 kg / ha.

The test results are given in Table 5. Examples 37 to 41

Plants of diploid rye variety Gibrid 340/65 are grown in the V and VI period of organogenesis (according to Kupermann) with a 1% aqueous emulsion of & -chloroethyl ester of 4'-fluorophenoxyacetic acid (Example 37). Ethanolamine salt of p-aminobenzoic acid (Example 38); Etriol (Example 39); 3- (4 "-nitrophenoxy) -propanediol-1,2 (Example 40); Potassium isopropylxanthogenate (Example 41) treated *

The emulsion contains 0.1 mass of calcium alkylbenzene sulfonate / O-nat with 12 to 14 carbon atoms as emulsifier and 0.01 mass of dimethylformamide as adjuvant. Plants treated with a diluent without sterilizing agent serve as control.

The consumption of sterilant is 10 kg / ha. The test results are given in Table 6. Table 3

Running example Number Percentage Number of percentage

No. No. of Corder Sterile! - Grains of the Ansatz

Qern did the spike at cens ^ at free

Ear of wheat in free pollination

Isolator dusting

12 3 45 6

Diploid rye variety Gibrid 1864/74

1 control - 41.1 0.0 47.8 100.0

2 Example 27-0.0 100 42.0 87.9

Porting of Table 3

1 2

3 Example 28 1.8

4 Example 29 0.0

95.6 100

46.7 42.8

97.7 88.2

Table 4

1 control

2 Example 30

3 Example 31

4 Example 32

4 5 6

Diploid rye variety. Kharkovskaya 55 42.1 0.0 45.1 100.0

0.0 100 42.7 94.7

0.9 97.9 43.7 96.9

0.0 100 41.6 90.2

- 2 33 3 4 table 5 1 6 6 7 - 1 -· 34 diploid Rye variety 5 9 control 35 49.0 0.0 Voskhod 2 00 2 Si ¹ example 36 0.6 98.8 54.6 94 7 I ² example 1.2 97.6 51.7 98, ! 3 example 3.5 92.9 54.0 98, I ⁴ example 0.3 99.4 53.6 85 I ⁵ 46.8 2 3 4 table 6 1 5

Diploid rye variety Gibrid 340/65

1 control 37 48.2 0.0 2 example 38 0.0 100 3 Beispeil 39 3.2 93.4 4 Beispeil 40 1.6 96.7 5 example 41 0.0 100 6 example 0.0 100

54.0 100 45.6 84.4 52.8 97.8 53.2 98.5 45.0 84.1

44.8

19 Examples 42 to 56

Plants of diploid rye of the genus Chulpan are treated in the V or VI period of organogenesis with a 1% aqueous emulsion of 4-fluorophenoxyethyl alcohol (Example 42); Potassium isopropylxanthogenate (Example 43)? Potassium butyl xanthogenate (Example 44); 2-chloroethanol (Example 45)? 3- (4'-chlorophenoxy) -propanediol-1,2 (Example 46); 3-chloro-1,2-epoxypropane (Example 47)? Monoethanolamine salt of formic acid (Example 48); 3- (4 -Nitrophenoxy ^f) -propanediol-1,2 (Example 49); 3- (3-chlorophenylthio) -propanediol-ri2 (Example 50); Ethanolamine salt of 5-aminosalicylic acid (Example 51)? 3- (2'-fluorophenylthio) -propanediol-1,2 (Example 52)? monobromo-substituted Etriol (Example 53)? Diethanolaminate of o-fluorobenzoic acid (Example 54); Phthalic acid monoethanolamine salt (Example 55); Monoethanolamine salt of o-fluorobenzoic acid (Example 56) treated.

The emulsion contains 0.1% by weight of calcium alkylbenzenesulfonate having 12 to 14 carbon atoms as the emulsifier and 0.01% by weight of dimethyl sulfoxide as the adjuvant.

As control serve plants, treated with a thinner without sterilizing agent ·

The consumption of sterilant is 10 kg / ha.

The test results are given in Table 7. Example 57 to 59

Plants of tetraploid rye variety Jubilejjnaya are grown in the V. or VI. Period of organogenesis (according to Kupermann)] with a 1% aqueous emulsion of 3- (2'-pluorophenoxy-> propanediol-1,2 (Example 57); pentaerythritol (Example 58))

Monoäthanolaminsalz the phthalic acid (Example 59) treated. j

- 20 - ZfSS47

The emulsion contains 0.1% calcium alkylbenzenesulfonate having 12 to 14 carbon atoms as the emulsifier and 0.01% Maase% dodecyl sulfate as an adjuvant.

As control serve plants, treated with a thinner without sterilizing agent.

The consumption of sterilant is 10 kg / ha. The test results are given in Table 8.

Table 7

Example Number of Percentage Number of Percentage No., No. of Grains of Sterile Tots of the seed of the ear of corn in the ear of wheat in the case of the insulator

Dusting dust

1 1 2 3 4 5 b 2 control Diploider 52.0 Rye variety 0,0 Chulpan 56.6 100 3 example 42 0.0 100 48.2 85.0 4 example 43 0.3 99.4 51.8 91.4 5 example 44 2.6  96.2 48.0 84.7 6 example 45 2.2 95.8 80.2 88.5 7 example 46 0.0 100 47.2 83.2 8th Be itpiel 47 0.0 100 48.9 86.2 9 example 48 1.2 97.7 55.2 97.4 10 example 49 0.7 98.7 51.7 91.2 11 example 50 0.0 100 52.1 91.9 12 example 51 2.1 96.0 55.6 92.8 13 example 52 0.6 98.8 53.4 94.2 14 example 53 4.8 91.8 55.8 98.4 15 Beispie.1 54 0.0 100 54.0 95.2 161 55 3.1 94.0 55.6 98.1 example 56 0.1 99.8 56.2 99.1

Examples 60 to 62.

Plants of tetraploid rye variety Gibrid 67 are found in the V. or VI. Period of organogenesis (according to Kupermann) with a 1% aqueous emulsion of 3- (2 ^f -fluorophenylthio) -propanediol-1,2 (Example 60); Monoethanolamine salt of p-hydroxybenzoic acid (Example 61); Xthanolamine salt of salicylic acid (Example 62) treated.

The emulsion contains 0.1% by weight of calcium alkyl sulfonate having 12 to 14 carbon atoms as emulsifying agent and 0.01% by weight of birnethyl sulfoxide as adjuvant.

As control serve plants, treated with a thinner without sterilizing agent.

The consumption of sterilizing agent is 10 kg / ha ·

The test results are given in Table 9. Examples 63 to 66

Plants of tetraploid rye variety Ukrainskaya tetra are found in the V. or VI. Period of organogenesis (according to Kupermann) with a 1% aqueous emulsion of 3- (4'-chlorophenoxy) -propanediol-1,2 (Example 63); Ethanolamine salt of 5-bromosalicylic acid (Example 64); A'thanolamine salt of benzoic acid (Example 65); Treated potassium ethylxanthogenate (Example 66).

The emulsion contains 0.1% calcium alkylbenzeneaphthalonate having 12 to 14 carbon atoms and 0.01% tetrahydrofuran.

As control serve plants, treated with a thinner without sterilizing agent.

The consumption of sterilant is 10 kg / ha. The test results are given in Table 10.

-ZZ-

Table θ

control

1 example 57

2 Example 58

3 Example 59

3 4 5 6

Tetraploid rye variety Jubilejnaya 44.7 0.0 48.3 100.0

0.0 100. 47.1 97.5

0.4 91.1 45.6 94.4

0.0 100 46.0 95.2

Table 9

1 ~ 2 3 4 5 6

Tetraploid rye variety Gibrid 67 control 41.4 0.0 44.7 100

1 example 60 0.0 100 42.2. 94.4

2 Example 61 0.1 · 99.7 41.7 93.4

3 Example 62 0.0 100 40.8 91.3

2 __3. 4 Table 10 tetraploid rye 5 6 control 42.5 0.0 Variety Ukrainskaya tetra Example 63 0.0 100 44.2 100 1 Example 64 0.1 99.8 40.7 92.1 2 Example 65 0.8 98.2 41.9 94.7 3 Example 66 0.0 100 44.0 99.5 4 43.9 99.3

Examples 67 to 75

Plants of tetraploid rye variety Belte are in the V. or VI. Period of organogenesis (after Kupermann) with a 1% aqueous emulsion of 3- (4'-nitropheno3cy) -propanediol-1,2 (Example 67); 2-clorathan (Example 68);

at the·,

3- (2'-fluorophenoxy) -propanediol-1,2 (Example 69)? Ethanolamine salt of 5-aminosalicylic acid (Example 70); Monoethanolamine salt of o-fluorobenzoic acid (Example 71); potassium ethylxanthogenate (Example 72); monoethanolamine salt of phthalic acid (Example 73); diethanolamine salt of o-fluorobenzoic acid (Example 74); 4-fluorophenoxyethylalcohol (Example 75).

The emulsion contains 0.1 mass of calcium alkylbenzenesulfonate having 12 to 14 carbon atoms as emulsifying agent and 0.01 mass of birnethylsulfoxide as adjuvant.

As control serve plants, treated with a thinner without sterilizing agent.

The consumption of sterilizing agent is 10 kg / ha.

The test results are given in Table 11. Examples 76 to 79

Plants of Tritikal strain PRAG 109 are grown in V. and VX, period of organogenesis (according to Küpemann) with a 1 & Lgen aqueous emulsion of 4-pluorophenoxyethylalcohol (Example 76); Monoethanolamine salt of formic acid (Example 77); Etriol (Example 78); 3- (4'-chlorophenoxy) -propanediol-1,2 (Example 79). The emulsion contains 0.1% calcium alkylbenzenesulfonate having 12 to 14 carbon atoms as emulsifier and 0.01% of dodecyl sulfate as adjuvant.

As control serve plants, treated with a thinner olme sterilizing agent.

The consumption of sterilant is 12 kg / ha. The test results are shown in Table 12.

Number of grains of the Xhre in the insulator 3 Percentage of Steliness table 11 44.3 table 5 Trittoral variety PRAG 109 0.0 69.0 6 6 Serial No. Example 3 4 Number of percent grains of the ear set when using free pollination 39.7 68.2 100 62.3 1 2 tetraploid 5 42.2 0.0 99.9 64.1 100.0 100 40.1 Rye variety Belta 40.7 0.1 99.0 68.2 89.6 90.3 " control 0.0 0.0 44.1 0.7 100 61.4 95.3 92.9 1 example 67 0.0 100 43.5 0.0 91.9 98.8. 2 example 68 0.0 100 39.1 99.5 89.0 3 example 69 1.1 100 44.0 98.2 4 Example 70 0.0 97.3 43.8 88.3 5 Example 71 0.0 10.0 41.1 99.3 6 Example 72 0.3 100 98> 9 7 Example 73 0.9 99.3 92.8 8 Example 74 0.0 97.8 12 9 Example 75 100 1 2 4 control 1 example 76 2 Example 77 3 Example 78 4 Example 79

Examples 80 to 89

Plants of diploid rye variety Chulpan are treated with a 1% aqueous emulsion containing a mixture of the following compounds:

- 25 - Z * S5ti

Example 80: 4-fluorophenoxyethylalcohol and etriol in a ratio of 1: 3

Example 81: 3- (4 ^t -Cnlorphenox3TO) -ropandiol-1 and _t 2 Monoäthanolaminsalz the .Phthalsäure in a ratio of 1: 3

Example 82: Potassium ethylxanthogenate and 2-chloroethanol in a ratio of 1: 3

Example 83: 3- (4 ^f -Ni * ophenoxy) -propanediol-1,2 and xthanolamine salt of 4-aminobenzoic acid in a ratio of 1: 3

Example 84: 3- (V-fluorophenyl) -PrOPaJKLiOl-1,2 and monoethanolamine salt of ortho-fluorobenzoic acid in a ratio of 1: 3

Example 85: 3- (2'-FluoiThenylthio) -propanediol-1 _f 2 and Xthanolamine salt of 4-chlorobenzoic acid in a ratio of 1: 3

Example 86: 3- (3 ^f -chlorophenylthio) -propanediol-1,2 and monobromo-substituted pentaerythritol in a ratio of 1: 3

Example 87: Potassium isopropylxanthogeaat and Xthanolamine salt of formic acid in a ratio of 1: 3

Example 88: 3-Chloro-1- _t 2-epoxpropane and Xthanolamine salt of salicylic acid in a ratio of 1: 3

Example 89: 3- (2'-fluorophenoxy) -propanediol-1 _f 2 and ethanolamine salt of 5-bromosalicylic acid in a ratio of 1: 3.

Each emulsion contains 0.1 mass% of calcium alkylbenzenesulfonate having 12 to 14 carbon atoms as the emulsifier and 0.01 mass% of dimethylsulfoxide as the adjuvant. As control serve plants, treated with a solvent without sterilization connections. The consumption of sterilizing agents is 10 kg / ha.

The test results are given in Table 13.

Table 13

* ··· T3 ^ -i ο · _β ι Wt. Number of percentage λιι / ιοιιι iiwacuv. - ⁰⁶¹⁸ P ^{101 ΰΓ} · ^ Grains of the Sterili- des of the

Ear in the act nern the attaching insulator Xhre in free

free of charge

1 1 2 3 4 5 6 2 diploid Rye variety Chulpan 3 control 52.0 0.0 56.7 100 4 Example 80 0.0 100 54.1 95.4 VJL Example 81 0.0 100 53.6 94.5 6 Example 82 0.0 100 52.8 93.1 7 Example 83 0.0 100 53.0 93.5 8th Example 84 0.0 100 51.7 91.2 9 Example 85 0.0 100 52.5 92.6 10 Example 86 0.0 100 50.8 89.6 11 Example 87 0.0 100 54.4 95.9 Example 88 0.0 100 55.1 97.2 Example 89 0.0 100 50.2 88.5

Examples 90 to 102

The plants of the millet variety Mironovskoe 94 'are described in the ^ V. or VI. Period of organogenesis (according to Kupermann) with a 1% aqueous emulsion of 3- (2 ^f -fluorophenylthio) -propanediol-1,2 (Example 90); 3- (4'-nitrophenoxy) propanediol-1,2 (Example 91); Ethanolamine salt of 5-bromosalicylic acid (Example 92); 3 "(4" -chlorophenoxy) -propanediol-1,2 (Example 93); 3-chloro-1,2-epoxypropane (Example 94); Etriol (Example 95); Potassium ethylxanthogenate (Example 96); 4-fluorophenoxyethyl alcohol (Example 97); Diethanolautin salt of o-fluorobenzoic acid (in

game 98); Monoethanolamine salt of phthalic acid (Example 99)? Monoethanolamine salt of formic acid (Example 100); 3- (2 ^f -fluorophenoxy) -propanediol-1 _f 2 (Example 101); Potassium isopropylxanthogenate (Example 102). -L ·

The emulsion contains 0.1% by weight of calcium alkylbenzenesulfonate - |

with 12 to 14 carbon atoms as emulsifier and 0.01% by weight of dimethyl sulfoxide as adjuvant.

As control serve plants, treated with a thinner without sterilizing agent.

The consumption of sterilant is 10 kg / ha.

The test results are given in Table 14.

Examples 103 to 107

Plants of millet variety K-9693 Kormovoe I are in V. or YI. Period of organogenesis (according to Kupermann) with a 1% aqueous emulsion of 4-fluorophenoxyethyl alcohol (Example 103); 2- chloroethanol (Example 104); 3- (4'-fluorophenylthio) -propanediol-1,2 (Example 105); Potassium butyl xanthogenate (Example 106); 3- (3-chlorophenylthio) -propanediol-1,2 (Example 107).

The emulsion contains 0.1% calcium alkylbenzenesulfonate having 12 to 14 carbon atoms as emulsifier and 0.01% by weight of dodecyl sulfate as adjuvant.

As control serve plants, treated with a solvent without sterilizing agent.

The consumption of sterilant is 10 kg / ha. ., The test results are shown in Table 15. |

Examples 108 to 112., i

Plants of sunflower variety Peredovik are grown in,

V. or VI. Period of organogenesis (Kupper by man) with a .§ 0.2% aqueous emulsion of 3- (4 ¹ -Chlorphenoxy) -propan

f diol-1,2 (Example 108); 2-chloroethanol (Example 109); 3-chloro-1,2-epoxypropanol (Example 110); Potassium isopropylxanthogenate (Example 111); Potassium butylxanthogenate (Example 112).

The emulsion contains 0.1% by weight of calcium alkylbenzenesulfonate having 12 to 14 carbon atoms as an emulsifier and 0.01% by weight of dodecyl sulfate as an adjuvant. As control serve plants, treated with a solvent without sterilizing agent.

The consumption of sterilant is 1.2 kg / ha.

The test results are shown in Table 16. Examples 113 to 117

Plants of sunflower line VK 119 are treated with a 0.2% aqueous emulsion of 3- (4 ^l -chlorophenoxy) -propanediol-1,2 (Example 113); 2-chloroethanol (Example 114); 3-chloro-1,2-epoxypropanol (Example 115); Potassium isopropylxanthogenate (Example 116); Potassium butylxanthogenate (Example 117).

The emulsion contains 0.1% by weight of calcium alkylbenzenesulfonate having 12 to 14 carbon atoms as the emulsifier and 0.01% by weight of dimethylsulfoxide as the adjuvant. As control serve plants, treated with a solvent without Sterili- "sationsmittel.

The consumption of sterilant is 1.2 kg / ha.

The test results are given in Table 17.

Table 14

Running number of percentage Number of sample no. Sample Grains of the No Sprouts In Sterilis the panicle set up when isolator free at clear

-__ - i P usting B estäubung

1 ™ 2 3 4 5 6

Millet variety Mironovskoe 1 control 320,5 0,0 379,5 ^ΛΟ °

_ 29 -

Continuation of Table 14

1 2 90 3 100 5 Kormovoe I 6 2 example 91 0.0 100 300 ·, 5 146.7 79.2 3 example 92 0.0 100 311.6 128.7 82.1 4 example 93 0.0 100 320.7 130.5 84.5 5 example 94 0.0 100 284.7 128.7 75.0 6 example 95 0.0 100 312.3 134.6 82.2 7 example 96 0.0 100 355.1 100.8 93.6 8th example 97 0.0 100 330.2 87.0 9 example 98 0.0 100 311.4 82.0 10 example 99 0.0 100 348.6 91.2 11 example 100 0.0 100 350.9 92.5 12 example 101 0.0 100 352.2 92.8 13 example 102 0.0 100 307.5 81.0 14 example * o, o ' 288.6 76.0 4 Table 15 1 2 3 Type K-9693 5 6 millet 0 0.0 1 control 103 125 100 100.0 2 example 104 0.0 100 87.7 3 example 105 0.0 100 89.0 4 example 106 0.0 100 87.7 5 example 107 0.0 100 91.2 6 example 0.0 68.7

Table 16

Initial preparation Applying compound oil-germ-pollen-

No. Example of Acha- of Acha-

Nos. At 1000% in% did in isolator free axis of% at the pollinates in Acha pollination.bung in% g nexi in with%

PollengeihiS

Sunflower variety Peredovik

1 control 85.0

2 Example 108 0.0

3 Example 109 0.0

4 Example 110 0.0 .5 Example 111 0.0

6 Example 112 0.0

85.0 84 54.7 100 0.2 81.7 81.6 55.6 100 100 83.9 83.8 54.1 100 100 82.3 82.9 54.8 100 100 83.7 84.1 55.0 100 100 85.3 84.0 55.1 100 100

Table 17

Sunflower line VK 119

1 control 72.6 85.0 60.0 51.0 100 2.0

Z Example 113 0.0 84.4 58.6 50.1 100 100

3 Example 114 0.0 83.5 59.2 50.8 100 100

4 Example 115 0.0 85.0 60.2 51.3 100 100

5 Example 116 0.0 85.3 62.8 52.2 100 100

6 Example II7 0.0 81.5 66.9 51.8 100 100

-Ji-

R, c-c-o-y

R ₂ R4

R ₁ -H, oxy-Alk _t Hal-Alk, Br-Met R ₂ - H, oxy-Alk, OH;

R ₃ -H, Cl, ClCH ₂ , C ₂ H ₅₁ NO ₂ , A ^- N ⁺ H ₃ , χ

ZCHo, Z = O, S;

R _{4 is} -H, CH ₃ ; A-

Ο "

X = H, F, Cl, OH, NH ₂ NO ₂ ; y = H, - C - SK,

Il s

Cl

Cl

Claims (4)

PAO) EMTAMSPRTJCHE - 1. A method for sterilizing the anthers of plants by their treatment with a St erilisationamitt el in conjunction with a thinner in the fifth and / or sixth period of the organogenesis, characterized in that as a sterilizing agent derivatives of aliphatic alcohols of the general formula R * H r ι R, - σ - c - ο -: γ ³ I ₁ I R ₂ R ₄ R _{1 is} H, alkoxy, alkyl halide, methyl bromide, R _{2 is} H, alkoxy, hydroxyl, R _{5 is} H, Cl, ClCH ₂ , C ₂ H ₅ , NO ₂ , / Γ N ⁺ H., (O) -ZCH ₁ , where Z is O or S, ^ ** H, CHj, A-HC or in which X denotes -H, F, Cl, OH, NH-, NO-, ^L \ a Y for H ₁ -C-SK, F (O)> I _ C Λ · / u or R ₂ -Y represents a simple bond, their thio analogues or their mixtures serve. 2. Method according to. Claim 1, characterized in that the specified derivatives of aliphatic alcohols in combination with water as a diluent in the form of a O _t 1 to 2% aqueous emulsion are used. 3. The method according to claim 1, 2, characterized in that serve as plants to be treated with the sterilizing agent, grass plants and sunflower. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in order to achieve a high degree of sterilization of dust bags under unfavorable climatic conditions, the repeated treatment of plants with the sterilant in the fifth and / or sixth period of organogenesis.