DD281574A5 - ELECTROPNEUMATIC REMOTE CONTROL DEVICE, ESPECIALLY FOR CIRCUITING THE GEARS OF THE SYNCHRONIZED MECHANICAL GEARBOX OF MOTOR VEHICLES - Google Patents

Abstract

The inventive remote switching device is characterized in that the switching cylinder (35) in its outer positions has a lower and a larger compression force level and furthermore in the remote switching unit (7, 56) in the direction of selection (v) as many signal transmitter (EV12, EV34, EV56, EVR) as the number of switching phases (1-2x, 3-4x, 5-6x, Rx) are arranged. In the switching direction (k) are arranged at least symmetrically to the center position of each two signal transmitter (64, EKK1, EKS1, EKS2, EKK2), of which the closer to the center position signal generator (64, EKS1, EKS2) with, in the aeuszeren positions of the shift cylinder (35) a lower pressure force generating valves (SKO-SK1, SKO-SK2) are in control connection. The remote from the center position signal generator (64, EKK1, EKK2) are in control, with the, in the aeuszeren positions of the shift cylinder (35) generating a larger pressure force valve valves (SK1, SK2). Furthermore, the switching cylinder (35) is provided with at least one each, the end position signaling signal generator (P1, P2, ESO). In the remote switching unit (7, 56), the remote control lever (12, 58) is in forced connection with a brake attachment device (F) actuated by means of auxiliary energy, wherein the braking attachment device (F) in the remote switching unit (7, 56) in the switching direction (K) arranged signal generator (18, EK1, EK2, 64, EKK1, EKS1, EKS2, EKK2) and the end position of the shift cylinder (35) signaling signal generator (P1, P2, ESO) are in control connection. Fig. 1 {remote switching device; Shift cylinder; Remote switching unit; Signal generator; valves; Control handle; Brake mounting device; Compressive force level; Schaltstrasze; Hilfsenergiebefaehigung}

Description

16 pages drawings

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a remote switching device, with the help of the driver-by simulating the manual operation of the traditional shift lever - is error-free in a position to switch the Gangstuff η in a remote from him synchronized mechanical change gear.

Characteristic of the known state of the art

Eo is known that in a part of the motor vehicles, primarily of motor vehicles with rear engine or in different machines the change gear is located away from the driver, so that the stage change organ of the gearbox can not be operated by means of directly by hand.

Smaller distances can be bridged with a linkage or Bowden cable. But in motor vehicles or work machines, which are connected by a joint and in which the driver sits on one joint member and the change gear is arranged on the other joint member, these solutions can no longer be used. To solve the problem hydraulic and pneumatic systems have already become known. The essence of these hydraulic systems is that the driver with the help of the shift lever corresponding piston moves in mutually perpendicular cylinders, whereby the pushed out of the cylinders hydraulic fluid actuates the pistons of the associated with the stage change organ of the gearbox working cylinder. Such solutions are described in the DE

OS 2510392, DE-OS 2700837, DE-OS 2935377 and HU-PS 192.487. The hydraulic systems are based on the Principle of an immediate power transmission, so that the driver due to the fluid friction at larger Distances must exercise a relatively large force. In the above-mentioned solutions, a simple power and motion transmission, so that the driver the Shift lever can move in the same way as if he would perform the movement with a traditional lever. In the case of the pneumatic systems, the stage change mechanism of the change-speed gearbox is in the direction of the shift with the piston rod

and election direction arranged switching cylinder or voting cylinder connected. The shift cylinder and the dial cylinder are connected via valves on the compressed air system of the motor vehicle. The driver controls these valves on mechanical

Paths or through an electrical control. In a part of the known pneumatic systems, the driver for electrical control only buttons must

or pull a control arm that is common with automatic transmissions. Although such systems are simple, they have inaccuracies and there are many possibilities for the driver to make mistakes. Furthermore, the

Life of the gearbox relatively short. The better, more reliable and gentler functioning systems are

however very complicated. For this reason, the development trend has shifted to systems that somehow simulate the operation of the traditional shift lever.

Such an electropneumatic system is described in HU-PS 187,345. In this solution is next to the Driver such a remote switching unit installed whose Fernschalthobel by the driver according to

traditional circuit diagram is moved. The remote control lever actuates each in its corresponding gear each position a respective electric switch. These switches turn on the electromagnet of those valves that control the pneumatic switching cylinder and selector cylinder moving the stage change organ. This system does not inform the driver about the course of the gearshift shift. A maximum of the end of this course is indicated by a signal lamp. Since the pneumatic cylinders are working too hard, throttle valves are interposed in front of them. But also in this

Execution they are only recommended for such change gear, which by a hydrodynamic torque converter with

connected to the engine.

The remote switching unit disclosed in DE-OS 3138827 is essentially usable for such systems. In this solution

Magneto and sensors are arranged in a corresponding number instead of the electrical switch, in such a way that the individual positions of the remote control lever corresponds to a predetermined signal combination.

A similar objective has the remote switching unit described in US-PS 4,646,582. This is safer than the previous one Solution because it is positioned in its respective set position by means of a spring biased bead orienter,

Furthermore, a pneumatically actuated device that holds the remote control lever so long in the middle position until dio

Conditions for step switching of the transmission in the stage change member are met. The error possibilities of the driver are almost dor remote switching device according to US-PS 4,516,669

excluded and the operation of the stage change organ takes place gently in this solution. The circuit of

However, gear can be performed only in the dissolved state of the gearbox, and the change gear can only

be closed when the circuit has been completed properly.

From US-PS 4,633,987 a purely pneumatically controlled remote switching device is known. These too can only be solved in the Condition of the gearbox are operated. The remote control lever can only within the switching street in its outer Position are shifted when the circuit has been completed, for which pneumatic cylinders are used. One solution most suited to the general requirements is described in U.S. Patent 4,646,870. This concerns

an electropneumatic remote switching device in which both the movements of the remote control lever and the

Movements of the stage change organ of the gearbox by analog signalers, namely potentiometer signaled

become. Also in this device, the displacement of the remote control lever is prevented in the outer position before completion of the tap changer by a pneumatic working cylinder.

As can be seen from the previous explanations, the known remote switching devices already meet several of the Conditions, but they can by no means be considered perfect. It is known that the circuit of the gear

in one synchronized transmission in two steps. Only the synchronization device comes into action, and only after the synchronization is the actual circuit. The synchronization requires less, the circuit more

Force. The driver feels these two steps on the traditional gear lever. That is the most important condition for one

gentle step switching, and that's what's missing in the previously known solutions.

Object of the invention

The object of the invention is to enable a gentler stage circuit and to increase the life of the gearbox.

Explanation of the essence of the invention The invention has for its object to provide a eiektropneumatische remote switching device, which for the Change gear a Scl.althebelbetätigung by a careful driver and the driver for the course

the step circuit completely simulated.

The invention ba'iert on the knowledge that with the help of a corresponding pneumatic cylinder or

corresponding pneumatic fittings which can be generated during the stage circuit required force of two sizes. At the same time, the movement of the remote control lever by means of a corresponding number of signal generators and a

Brake attachment device in terms of the amount of movement and the force required to move such

be regulated that it corresponds to the operation of a traditional shift lever.

The invention therefore relates to an electropneumatic remote switching device, in particular for shifting the gear stages

the synchrcised mechanical gearbox of motor vehicles, with the step change device of the

Change gear one arranged in the election direction pneumatic dial cylinder with one, the number of switching lines corresponding number of positions and arranged in the switching direction, over three positions Schaltzylinder in operative connection. The dial cylinder and the Schah cylinder are connected via solenoid-operated valves to the compressed air source. Furthermore, the electropneumatic remote switching device has a remote control unit to be operated by the vehicle driver with a remote-sensing lever which has corresponding positions to the circuit diagram of the change-speed gearbox. The remote control lever is in operative connection with signal transmitters arranged in the selection direction and switching direction. These signalers are connected via a control unit with the solenoid-operated valves in combination. The device is characterized in that the scarf cylinder has in its outer positions on a smaller and a larger Durckkraftstufe and that the number of arranged in the remote switching unit in the direction of election signal generator is equal to the number of switching lines. In the switching direction are symmetrically arranged at least in comparison to the center position two signal generator, of which the closer to the center position signal generator with the in the outer positions of the shift cylinder a lower pressure force generating valves are in control connection. The remote to the center position signal generator are in control connection with the in the outer position of the shift cylinder, a larger pressure force generating valves. According to the switching cylinder has at least one each, the end position signaling signal generator. The remote control lever contained in the remote control unit is in forced connection with a powered by means of auxiliary power brake-fastening device. With the brake-fastening device are arranged in the remote switching unit in the switching direction signal generator and the end position of the switching cylinder signaling signal generator in control connection.

In a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the signal transmitters arranged in the switching unit in the switching direction consist of openings, expediently of grooves, which are formed in a signal generator unit operatively connected to the remote control lever. The paths of movement of the openings or of the grooves coincide, wherein in this movement path at least two sensors, which generate electrical signals by the action of light, are arranged in front of the openings. In this case, the field of view of the sensor is expediently shifted by 0.5 to 1 axis of the field of view. With the remote control lever is another signal generator unit in Betlitigungsverbindung, in which a single opening, advantageously a groove is formed, in front of which in the middle position of the shift lever by the action of light electrical signals generating sensor is arranged. In a weitoren preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention standing with the remote control lever operatively connected, provided with a plurality of openings and with a single opening signal generator unit is formed in one piece. The trajectory of this last-mentioned single opening is outside the trajectory of the other openings.

A third preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is designed in such a way that the signal transmitter unit in operative connection with the remote control lever is at least as long as the distance between the two outer positions of the signal transmitter unit. It is provided on the entire length with openings, conveniently with grooves whose width is identical to the width of the field of view of the probe and whose pitch is twice the field of view of the probe. The arranged in the trajectory of these grooves two sensors are connected to a counting subunit of the control unit in signal-transmitting connection.

In a fourth preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the

Brake fixing device of the remote switching unit from a standing in the switching direction with the remote control lever in forcible loop, further from the electromagnet with a line perpendicular to the friction surface of the loop line of action, or from a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder. In this case, the frictional force generated by the electromagnet, the pneumatic cylinder or don hydraulic cylinder on the friction surface of the loop is less than the force exerted on the basis of the remote control lever hand force on the loop force. In a fifth preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, two stop surfaces are formed on the loop of the brake fastening device of the remote switching unit, between which the remote control lever or the stop thus forcibly connected is arranged. Here, the distance between the stop surfaces is greater than the dimension of Fernschalthebols or the stop between the stop surfaces. Furthermore, the remote control lever or the stop is supported in the direction of the abutment surfaces via two springs of the same spring force on the loop.

A sixth preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is designed such that the center position of the shift cylinder generating active piston surfaces are less ice the outer position generating active piston surfaces.

In a seventh preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is arranged between the valve, which supplies the cylinder chamber with compressed air and thus generates the center position of the shift cylinder, and the Preßluftquelle ain pressure reducer.

In an eighth preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention each cylinder space of the shift cylinder is connected to the compressed air source in the middle position.

A further preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is that the piston rod of the shift cylinder is in forced connection with a signal generator, which has three paths in its direction of movement. Of the three routes, the average distance deviates in size from the other routes. In front of the signal transmitter, a sensor is arranged, wherein in at least one outer position of the shift cylinder depending on an outer distance of the signal transmitter in front of the sensor.

Finally, a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized in that each position of the selector cylinder is assigned a signal generator. Of these aforementioned signalers and arranged in the remote switching unit in the direction of choice signaling devices are each belonging to the same switching road with each other and thus ensure the circuit of the gear.

embodiments

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to several embodiments. In the accompanying drawing show.

Fig. 1: the circuit diagram of the units of the remote switching device, 2 and 3: one of the remote switching units in section, 4 shows the circuit diagram of the remote switching units, 5: the signal transmitter unit of the remote switching unit in section HI-III of Fig. 2, Figure 6; the remote switching unit in partial section IV. According to Fig.2, 7 shows a possible embodiment of the shift cylinder in longitudinal section, 8: the diagram of the structure of the control unit, 9 shows the circuit diagram of the direction-sensing subunit, 10: the circuit diagram of the forward and backward counting down unit, 11 is the circuit diagram of the absolute value forming and comparing subunit, 12: the circuit diagram of the movement in the switching direction controlling subunit, 13: the circuit diagram of the position in the selection direction comparative subunit, FIG. 14: the circuit diagram of the subunit controlling the movement in the direction of selection, FIG. FIG. 15: the circuit diagram of the subunit controlling the electromagnet, FIG. 16 shows a further variant of the signaling unit of Fernschalteinhbit, 17 to 19: another remote switching unit in section, FIG. 20: the signal transmitter of the remote switching unit arranged in the switching direction, FIG. Fig. 21: a possible variant of the brake fastening device.

As is generally known in electropneumatic remote switching devices, three important units are also required in the remote switching of a change gear, namely the remote switching unit, the attached to the change gear operations performing the switching operation and the two aforementioned units connecting control unit. These can be independently developed and constructed and are not subordinate to each other. When connecting, care should only be taken to ensure efficient interaction.

For a better understanding of the subject matter of the invention, a remote switching device will first be described, which has already been realized and tested in practice. It should be noted, however, that each einzelr, 3 element of the device described below can be replaced by elements of other training, which is optionally also set forth in the other embodiments accordingly.

In Fig. 1, the units of the remote switching device of a transmission are shown. This remote switching device has been designed for the remote switching of a change gear 11, which is a synchronized mechanical change gear with six forward and one reverse gear in terms of its construction.

At the change gear 11, the step change unit 9 is attached, which is connected via the control unit 10 to the remote switching unit 7. With these units - as shown in Fig. 1 - and the clutch pedal 8 is connected. The role dos clutch pedal 8 will be described in the further illustrations. However, it should already be mentioned that for the realization of the invention on the coupling pedal 8 can not be waived.

The structure and operation of the remote switching unit V can be seen from the figures 2 to 6 auführlicher. The remote control lever 12 - which performs the function of a normal shift lever - can be rotated according to the circuit diagram 52 in Figure 4 in a housing 13 of the remote switching unit 7 by means of a ball joint 14. The circuit diagram 52 has a conventional double Η-shape, with the switching position of the gear ratios corresponding switching lines 1-2 ^X , f3-4 ", 5-6" and R *. The two end positions of the shift lane 1-2 "correspond to the shift lever position for the gears 1 and 2, the two end positions of the shift lane 3-4" correspond to the gears 3 and 4, the two end positions of the shift lane 5-6 * correspond to the gear 5-6 and the shift line R "corresponds to the reverse shift lever position R. The neutral position N is located approximately in the middle of the shift line 3-4 *.

The respective position of the remote control lever 12 is signaled via signal generator to the control unit 10. In the selection direction ν, the switching path 1-2 "of the corresponding sensor EV 12, the switching path 3-4" of the sensor EV 34, the switching path 5-6 "of the sensor EV 56, and finally the switching path R" the corresponding sensor EVR assigned , The sensors are arranged in the lower part of the housing 13 in the plane of movement of the remote control lever 12 in the direction of election ν. The sensors EV 12, EV 34, EV 56 and EVR are inductive sensors. At the lower end of the remote control lever 12, a circular curved plate 15 is attached, which always covers each sensor in the event of movement of the remote control lever 12 in the switching direction k. In the direction of choice ν, therefore, the probes EV 12, EV 34, EV 56 and EVR are the signal generators, which in reality together with the plate 15 generate the required signal.

The signaling of the position of the remote control lever 12 in the switching direction k is eino composed of several sections task, so that the associated device is more complicated.

In the housing 13, a link 16 is arranged between the ball joint 14 and the plate 15, which is designed such that it is displaceable in the switching direction k. In the gate 16, a groove-shaped recess 17 is formed, in which the remote control lever 12 can move freely in the direction of choice ν, however, in the switching direction k is not movable. At one end of the gate 16, a signal generator unit 18 is attached, which is shown enlarged in Fig. 5. This signal generator unit 18 consists of a plate whose surface is arranged to move in the switching direction k in parallel and whose longitudinal edges extend in the switching direction k.

In the one longitudinal edge twenty-one pieces of grooves 20 of equal width s are incorporated with a pitch ο. The division ο is twice the width s. These grooves 2C are shown in Fig. 5 for better understanding in each case to the right and left, starting from the middle row number 0 from starting, with row numbers +1 to +10 and -1 to -10. The trajectories p1 of these grooves 20 coincide mutatis mutandis with the movement in the switching direction k and also run parallel to it. The length 1 of the provided with grooves 20 part dur signal generator unit 18 corresponds to the distance L between the two outer

Positions of the signal transmitter unit 18. In the other longitudinal edge of the signal generator unit 18, a single groove 1.9 is formed with the width s. Their trajectory

Although ρ 2 is outside the trajectory ρ 1, it obviously runs parallel to it.

The sensors EKO, EK1 and EK 2 are used to record the movement of the signal generator unit 18. These sensors are in terms of

their design such sensors that generate signals under the action of light, so-called optotore, doren scan area f with the width s of the grooves 19 and 20 is identical.

The sensor EKO is along the movement path ρ2 groove 19 and the sensors EK1 and EK 2 along the movement path ρ 1 of Nuter. 20 arranged. The sensors EK1 and EK 2 are shifted from each other by a distance of half a column width s / 2

arranged.

The signal generator unit 18 and the sensors EKO, EK1 urid EK 2 together form the signal generator in the switching direction k. In the upper horizontal plane of the Gehabes 13 one loop 21 is arranged made of soft iron. In the loop 21 is in Election direction ν an elongated column 22 is formed, in which the remote control lever 12 in the direction of election ν without hindrance

emotional. The side surfaces of the column 22 are formed as abutment surfaces 25, wherein their distance u from each other by a few mm greater than the measurable at this point diameter d of the remote control lever 12.

At the top of the loop 21, the Femschalthebel 12 by one, from wide sheet metal of the same size bent spring 23rd

and 24 parallel to the selection direction ν and held in the middle position compared to the loop 21. The springs 23 and 24 are so wide that they always enclose in the selection direction ν at any point remote control lever 12.

In the housing 13 below the loop 21 a concentric to the ball joint 14, annular solenoid M is arranged,

whose axis is perpendicular to the lower friction surface 26 of the loop 21. The solenoid M and the loop 21 together form the brake fastening device F of the remote switching unit 7.

The remote control lever 12 is held by springs in the direction of choice ν or in comparison to the housing 13 in the neutral position N,

or returned. On the remote control lever 12, a projection 27 is disposed in the section below the ball joint 14, whose

Longitudinal axis to the switching direction k runs parallel. At the base 27 coil springs 28 and 29 are attached, which are with their other Support ends on the housing 13. Within the coil spring 29, a shorter coil spring 30 is formed, which then communicates with the projection 27,

When the remote control lever 12 is shifted to the switching line 5-6 ^x out. The coil spring 30 is supported on the housing 13 from.

This coil spring 30 has a much stronger spring force than the coil springs 28 and 29, because only dumit the random Engaging the reverse gear R can be prevented. The housing 13 is closed from above by a cover 31, in which -as shown in FIG. 6 - the recess 32nd

is formed according to the circuit diagram 52.

The structure of the step change unit 9 is clearly visible from FIG. The stage changing device 33 of the gearbox 11

is with the piston rod of a pneumatically operated selector cylinder 34 and also pneumatically operated

Switching cylinder 35 connected. The selector cylinder 34 has four positions. Of these, three are pneumatic and the fourth position, that is the Basic position, generated by spring action. A detailed explanation of the dial cylinder 34 does not appear necessary. The Cylinder with four positions can also be composed of several pneumatic cylinders with two positions. The shift cylinder 35 as shown in Fig. 7 comprises three positions. At the step-shaped piston rod

36, two floating piston 37 are arranged. As a result, the cylinder space VO limiting, the center position of the

Piston rod 36 controlling active piston areas AK smaller than the cylinder spaces V 1 and V 2 limiting, the outer Position of the piston rod 36 controlling active piston surfaces AS. In this way, the shift cylinder 35 has the

outer positions of the piston rod 36 via two Druckkraftstufon, which are dependent on whether only the outer position controlling cylinder chambers V 1 or V 2 or the middle position controlling cylinder space VO is connected to the compressed air source.

At the end of the piston rod 36 are in a, the three piston positions corresponding distance annular grooves 38th

formed, in which a spring loaded by 40 ball 41 of a positioning device 39 engages. Of course, this function can be realized by means of several pneumatic cylinder with two positions.

Both the selector cylinder 34 and the shift cylinder 35 are at the-not shown-Preßluftquelle the motor vehicle

connected. The selector cylinder 34 is replaced by valves SV 12, SV 56, SVR and the shift cylinder 35 by valves SKO, SK 1,

SK 2 controlled. These valves are in terms of their design electromagnetically operated three-way valves with two Positions. For scanning the respective position of the stage changing device 33, the serve on the piston rod of the selector cylinder 34th

arranged sensor ES 12, ES 34, ES 56 and ESR and arranged on the piston rod of the shift cylinder 35 sensor

ESO, which are all inductive sensors. The arrangement and function of the sensor ESO can be seen in more detail by the illustration in FIG. On the piston rod 36

is shown as Signalgobungsbereich a distance PO and on both sides of the routes P 1 and P 2 located. Corresponding to the distance PO, a step 42 is ground into the piston rod 36, so that the diameter of the piston rod 36 deviates from that in the region of the paths P 1 and P 2. Here is the sensor ESO arranged.

The width of the step 42 is dimensioned so that in the middle position of the piston rod 36, the strokes PO and in their

outer positions, the distance P 1 or P 2 before the sensor ESO is located. This way, with a single probe

ESO be signaled whether the piston rod 36 or the other expressed, the shift cylinder 35 in the middle position or

in the outward position.

A connection between the clutch pedal 8 and the device according to the invention is not according to the invention

necessary. However, since a connection was used in the realized device, it should also be considered in the further exemplary description of the control unit. Accordingly, an inductive sensor ET was also arranged on the clutch pedal 8 so that it generates a signal when pressing the clutch pedal 8.

The control unit 10 serving the coordinated connection of the remote switching unit 7 with the step change unit 9 has become

formed using electronic components. Of course, this feature can also be simple

Relay can be solved, but the structure of such a control is more complicated and requires a larger footprint. It

should also be mentioned that through the use of electronic components numerous variants can be realized; the example presented here is just one of many examples.

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From Fig. 1 it can be seen that at the passage 101 of the control unit 10 of the sensor EK1, at the input 102 of the sensor EK 2, on Input 103 of the sensor ESO, at the input 106 of the sensor ES 12, at the input 107 of the sensor ES 34, at the input 108 of the sensor ES 56, at input 109 of sensor ESR, at input 110 of sensor EV12, at input 111 of sensor EV 34, at input 112 of Sensor EV 56, at the inlet 113of the spring EVR and at the outlet 115 the valve SK 2, at the outlet 116 the valve SK1, at the outlet

114 the valve SKO, at the outlet 117 the valve SV12, at the outlet 118 the valve SV 56, at the outlet 119 the valve SVR and finally at the outlet 120 of the electromagnet M is connected.

For a better overview and easier representation, the individual parts of the control unit 10 were divided into subunits. Accordingly, the control unit 10, as shown in Figure 8, consists of a direction detecting subunit 43, a

forward and backward counting subunit 44, an absolute value forming and comparing subunit 45, a switching direction controlling subunit 46, a position selective comparing subunit 47, a selector direction controlling subunit 48, and a subunit controlling the solenoid 49, Furthermore, from the adjustment levels I serving the adaptation of the signal levels and from power amplifiers T to

Backup of the control levels. At the input 121 of the direction-receiving subunit 43 are by the adaptation stage I, the input 101, at the entrance

122 through the adaptation stage I the input 102, at the input 124 the output 124 of the absolute value forming and comparing subunit 45, the output 125 at the input 125 of the absolute value forming and comparing

Subunit 45, the outputs 126 and 127 at the inputs 126 and 127 of the count-up and count down sub-unit

44 connected. The forward and backward counting subunit 44 has, via the already mentioned inputs 126 and 127, an input 123 which is connected through an adaptation stage I at the input 103.

The outputs 128, 129, 130, 131 and 132 of the up and down counting subunit 44 are the same at the inputs Position number of the absolute value forming and comparing subunit 45, its output 136 is at the input 136 of the

the movement in the switching direction controlling subunit 46 connected.

The terminal of the inputs 128, 129, 130, 131 and 132 of the absolute value forming and comparing subunit 45 is

already known, as well as the connection of its output 124. The outputs 133 and 135 are the same at the inputs

Position number of the movement in the switching direction controlling subunit 46 connected, whereas its output 134 am Input the same position number of the solenoid controlling subunit 49 is connected. The connection of the inputs 133,135 and 136 of the movement .n switching direction controlling subunit 46 has already been

described. Of their other inputs are the input 137 and 141 at the outputs same position number of the

Position in election direction comparing subunit 47, and its input 123 by the already mentioned adaptation stage I am Input 103 connected. From its outputs, the output 142 is via a power amplifier T at the output 114, the Output 138 via a power amplifier Tan output 115, the output 139 via a power amplifier Tarn output

116, finally the output 140 is connected to the input of the same position number of the solenoid controlling subunit 49. The power amplifiers T mentioned above are also connected to the input 104 via their input 144 and via the adaptation stage I.

The inputs 106,110,107,111,108,112,109 and 113 of the position in the election direction comparative subunit 47 are at

the inputs of the same position number of the control unit 10 to ^;,. The connection of the output 137 has already been described, a connection possibility of the output 141 also. In addition, the output 341 is also connected to the input of the same posi: ionnummer of the electromagnets controlling subunit 49.

The sub-unit 48 which controls the movement in the direction of selection is identical with the inputs via its inputs 110, 112 and 113 Position number of the control unit 10 connected. The output 146 is via a power amplifier T at the output 117, the Output 147 via a power amplifier Tarn output 118 and finally the output 148 via a power amplifier T connected to the output 119. Of the circuits of the inputs of the solenoid controlling subunit 49, the circuitry of the inputs 134,

140 and 141 already stated. The input 143 is via an adaptation stage I at the input 105, the input 123 via a

Adjustment stage I at the input 103, the input 144 connected via an adaptation stage I at the input 104. One and only Output 145 is connected to the output 120 via a power amplifier T. Within the subunit 49 controlling the electromagnets, two more are small due to their particular function To consider subunits as separate, namely the activation of the solenoid delaying block 50 and the Loosen the solenoid-operated block 51. The separation of the control unit into subunits is - as can be seen from their name - in more functional Rational. As a result, the function of the control unit 10 is better recognizable. In the practical realization was

the control unit 10 but not constructed from strictly delimited subunits. It is certainly obvious that the

Subunits within a control unit consisting of more complicated microelectronic elements in the

realized form are no longer recognizable and not even in the functional description of the control unit, such a - essentially functional - division can be made.

The circuit diagrams of the subunits mentioned above are shown in FIGS. 9 to 15. To build the control unit 10th

In the actual implementation, several such ele-

Contain operation units. As already noted, the control unit 10 is not practical in implementation

has been constructed from separate subunits, some elekti onische elements τι it can be included with their one operation unit in one or more of our subsections arbitrarily abgegsgrenzten subunits.

In the actual implementation, the control unit 10 - with the names of the IC catalog of the technical Verlag, Berlin - built from the following elements: From a Schmidt trigger IC 1 / CD-40106 /, a four operation units IC 2/1 -IC 2/4 containing exclusive OR gate IC 2/4030 /, a four-unit IC 3/1-IC 3/4 containing NO-AND-gate IC 3/4011 /, a the Operating units IC 4/1 -IC 4/2 containing flip-flop type D IC 4/4013 /, each one forward and backward counter IC 5 and IC 6/4029 /, a four-unit IC 7/1 IC 7/4 exclusive OR gate IC 7/4030 /, each one digital Comparator with four bits IC 8 and IC 9 / 74C 85 /, one of six operation units IC 10/1 IC 10/6 containing Negator IC 10 /

4069 /, each containing one of four operational units of IC 11 / MC 11/4, IC 12/1 IC 12/4, IC 13/1 IC 13/4, AND gate IC 11, IC 12,

IC 13/4081 /, a six operation units IC 14/1 IC 14/6 containing drive stage IC 14/4050 / and a four

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Operation units IC 15/1 IC 15/4 containing OR gate IC 15/4071 /. In the construction of the control unit 10, resistors R 1 -R 7, capacitors C 1 -C 8 and diodes D1-D 8/4148 / were also used. The construction of the individual subunits according to FIGS. 0 to 15 is the following:

The input 121 of the sense pickup subunit 43 shown in FIG. 9 is connected directly to one input of the unit IC 2/1, whereas the other input is connected through the resistor R 1 ar. the unit IC 2/1 is connected. The common connection of the resistor R 1 to the unit IC 2/1 is connected via the capacitor Clan earth potential. The input 121 is also connected directly to an input of the unit IC 2/2.

The input 122 is connected directly to one input of the unit IC 2/3, whereas the other input is connected to the unit IC 2/3 via the resistor R 2. The common connection of the resistor R 2 with the unit IC 2/3 is also connected to ground potential via the capacitor C 2. The input 122 is also connected directly to the other input of the unit IC 2/2.

The output of the unit IC 2/1 is connected via the resistor R 3 to an input of the unit IC 3/1. The common connection of the resistor R 3 with the unit IC 3/1 is connected via the capacitor C 4 to ground potential. The output of the unit IC 2/1 is also connected directly to the signal input D of the unit IC 4/1.

The output of the unit IC 2/2 is connected to both inputs of the unit IC 3/2, and the output of the unit IC 3/2 is in direct connection with the clock input CLK of the unit iC 4/1 and is connected via the capacitor C 3 with the reset input R of the unit IC 4/1 and connected to the ground potential.

The set input S of the unit IC 4/1 is at ground potential, its output Q is connected to the signal input D of the unit IC 4/2 and to an input of the unit IC 3/3, while its output Q at the other input of Unit iC 3/1 is connected. The output Q forms the output 127.

The output of the unit IC 2/3 is connected to the resistor R 4 at the other input of the unit IC 3/3. The common connection of the resistor R 4 to the unit IC 3/3 is connected via the capacitor C 5 to ground potential.

The output of the unit IC 3/1 and the output of the unit IC 3/3 are connected to one input of the unit IC 3/4. The output of the unit IC 3/4 forms on the one hand the output 126, on the other hand iit he connected to an input d6r unit IC 15/1. The common connection of the output of the unit IC 3/4 and the input of the unit IC 15/1 is connected via the capacitor C 6 to ground potential.

The other input of the unit IC 15/1 is connected to the input 124, whereas its output is connected to the clock input CLK of the unit IC 4/2.

The set input S and the roset input R of the unit IC 4/2 are connected to ground potential, their output O forming the output 125. The output Q remains free.

The forward-backward Zd hleruntereinhoit shown in Fig. 10 consists of a forward-backward counter IC 5 and IC 6th

The inputs A, B, C, D and further the input CI of the up-down counter IC 5 are connected to ground potential. Its clock input CLK is at the input 126, its prohibition input PE is at the input 123, the binary-decimal counter input B / D is connected to the supply voltage, the up-down counter input U / D is connected to the input 127. The outputs QA, QB, QC, QD form the outputs 128, 129, 130, 131, and the output signal CO, which signals the end value, is connected to the clock input CLK of the up-down counter IC β.

Beyond the above-mentioned clock input CLK of the up-down counter IC_6, a signal source is connected only at its prohibition input PE, the binary-decimal counter input B / D and the up-down counter input U / D, in the order of the input 123, the supply voltage and the input 127. Of the outputs, the final value signal CO is the only output used, and this constitutes the outputs 132 and 136. In the absolute value forming and comparing subunit 45- shown in FIG. 11 is the input 125 at an input of the unit IC 2/4, the input 128 at an input of the unit IC 7/1, the input 129 at an input of the unit IC 7/2, the input 130 at an input the unit IC 7/3, the input 131 connected to an input of the unit IC 7/4. The other input of the units IC 2Ui, IC 7/1, iC 7/2, IC 7/3 and IC 7/4 are connected to each other and to the input 132. The unit IC 2/4 forms the output 133.

The output of the unit IC 7/1 is at the input AO, whereas the output of the unit is IC 7/2 at the input Al, the output of the unit IC 7/3 at the input A 2 and the output of the unit IC 7/4 at the input A. 3 of the diftalon comparator IC 8 and the digital comparator IC 9 are connected.

The inputs BO, B 1, B 2, B 3 of the digital comparators IC 8 and IC 9 are the base signal inputs. The inputs A <B and the inputs A = B are connected to the supply voltage, whereas the inputs A> Barn input 132 are connected.

The output A> B of the digital comparator IC 8 forms the outputs 124 and 134. The output A B of the digital comparator IC 9 gives the output 135th

In the sub-unit 40 controlling the movement in the switching direction, as shown in Fig. 12, the input 133 is connected to an input of the unit IC 11/2 and the unit IC 11/1.

On the other input of the unit IC 11/2, the input 135 is connected, whereas its output is connected via the unit IC 10/2 to an input of the unit IC 15/2. The other input of the unit IC 15/2 is connected to the "input 141, its output gives the output 142.

At the other input of the unit IC 11/1, the input 123 is connected via the Schmidt trigger IC 1. The output of the unit IC 11/1 is on the one hand connected to an input of the unit IC 12/1, on the other hand, it forms the output 140. The other input of the unit IC 12/1 is connected to the input 136 and its output, each with an input of Unit IC 12/2 and the unit IC 12/3 connected.

The other input of unit C 12/3 is connected directly and the other input unit 12/2 is connected to input 137 via unit C 10/1. The output of the unit IC 12/2 forms the output 138 and the output of the unit IC 12/3 the output 139th

Referring to Fig. 13, the inputs 106 and 110 are the sub-unit 47 in the selector position at the inputs of the unit IC 13/1, the inputs 107 and 111 at the inputs of the unit IC 13/2, the inputs 108 and 112 at the inputs Inputs of unit IC 13/3 and inputs 109 and 113 are connected to the inputs of unit IC 13/4. The output of the unit IC 13/1 is via the diode D 5, the output of the unit 13C / 13 via the diode D 6, the output of the unit IC 13/3 via the diode

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D 7 and finally the output of the unit IC ¹ 3/4 over the diode D 8 with each other and directly connected to the output 137

and via the unit IC 10/3 to the output 141 and via the resistor R 6 to ground potential.

As shown in FIG. 14, the input 110 of the bidirectional sub-assembly 48 is at an input

the unit IC 11/4, its input 112 on the one hand via the unit IC 10/6 at the other input of the unit IC 11/4, on the other hand via the unit IC 14/2 at the output 147 and finally its input 113 via the unit IC 14 / 3 connected to the output 148. The

Output of the unit IC 11/4 forms the output 146 via the unit IC 14/1. The electromagnet-controlling subunit 49 -see Fig. 15-also contains the switching-on of the electromagnet

retarding block 50 and the solenoids operating block 51.

The input 134 is connected via the resistor 7 on the one hand to an input of the unit IC 15/3, on the other hand via the capacitor C 7 connected to earth potential. The resistor R 7 and the capacitor C 7 form the activation of the Electromagnet retarding block 50. Dur input 143 is on the one hand at an input of the unit IC 15/4, on the other hand via the unit IC 14/4, the capacitor C

and the unit IC '0/4 connected to the other input of the unit IC 15/3. The releasing of the electromagnet operating

Block 51 consists of the unit IC 14/4, the capacitor C 8, the unit IC 10/4, further comprising the resistor R 6, which at the Connection between the two latter components is connected and is at ground potential. The input 140 is connected to the other input of the unit IC 15/4. The output of the unit IC 15/4 and the output

The unit IC 15/3 is connected to one input of the unit IC 11/3. The output of the unit IC 11/3 is over the

Diode D 1 connected to the output 145. At the output 145 of the input 141 is also connected via the diode D 2. The input 123 is connected via the Ciode D 4 and the input 144 directly to the input of the unit IC 10/5, whereas the Output of the unit IC 10/5 via the diode D 3 is also connected to the output 145. The adjustment stages I and the power amplifiers T have no control task and are therefore not the subject of Invention. A detailed explanation is not required because its construction is a routine task for a person skilled in the art. The

The remote switching device described above works as follows:

It should be sent in advance that then, who 's: sine gear is on, this - when the power supply of Remote switching device stops - remains switched on and the remote control lever 12 in the gear stage corresponding position

remains. From this point of view, it does not matter whether the power supply due to an electric

Malfunction or interrupted by switching off the motor vehicle. Therefore, the remote switching device is in

electrical network of the motor vehicle integrated so that it already comes under tension before the engine is started.

When the driver wants to start, he puts the remote switching device under tension. With the movement of Remote control lever 12 can check in the usual way whether or not a gangster is engaged. For the easier Explanation of the function is assumed that the remote control lever 12 is in neutral position N. Accordingly, the shift cylinder 35 is in the middle position and the selector cylinder 34 within the shift line 3-4 *. After that

the engine can be started.

After starting the engine, the driver triggers the clutch by means of - as in traditional motor vehicles Pressing the clutch pedal 8. The depression of the clutch pedal 8 is detected by the sensor ET, and this gives

On the basis of the signal arriving at the input 104, a signal also appears at the output 144 of the adaptation stage I. Thereafter, the signal arrives at the input 144 via the input 144

Power amplifier T and to the input 144 of the solenoid controlling subunit 49. The power amplifiers T apply voltage to the electromagnets of the valves SKO, SK 1, SK 2 via the outputs 114, 115, 116

on. Open the valves SKO, SK 1, SK 2 and from the Hilfsenorgiequelle flows compressed air into the cylinder chambers VO, V 1 and V 2 of the

Switching cylinder 35. Since in this way each cylinder space of the shift cylinder 35 is filled, which are on the piston 37th

we balance the forces, the piston rod 36 does not move.

The sub-unit 49 controlling the electromagnet M generates by the action of the arriving at its input 144th Signal still no signal. This signal is for the subunit 49 only a start signal. To move the motor vehicle, the driver must switch to the first gear. For this purpose he moves the remote control lever 12th

in the direction of selection v to switching street 1-2 ·. The plate 15 disposed at the end of the fernschhebhebels 12 ni.timt a positio i via the sensor EV12, which emits a signal to the input 110 of the control unit 10. From here, day signal arrives de.)

Input of sub-unit 48 controlling the movement in selector dial and to the input of the dio position in selector-direction

Comparative subunit 47. The sub-unit 48 which controls the movement in the selection direction generates at its: output 146 a signal for the power amplifier T which switches its output 117 to the electromagnet of the valve SVV2. The valve SV12 leaves compressed air in the corresponding space of the selector cylinder 3- *, making this the

Stage changing device 33 in the direction of choice ν to the switching path 1-2 * moved towards. The result of the gear selection is by the Sensor ES 12 is perceived, which gives a signal to ηβη input 106 of the control unit 10. The signal applied to the input 106 3 signal is compared by the breastfeeding in the direction of election comparative subunit 47 with the am Input 110 arrived signal compared. If the two signals match, that is, if both the Remote control lever 12 and the stage changing device 33 are in the same Schaltstraßo - in this case in the Switching line 1-2 * - produces the position in the direction of selection comparative subunit 47, a signal that via their Outputs 137 and 141 to the movement in the switching direction controlling subunit 46, or on their Output 141 which supplied the electromagnets controlling subunit 49 wirci. The electromagnet-controlling subunit 49 generates the action of the incoming at its input 144 on Gmnd Signal and the signal arriving at its input 141 - which are also start signals for them - a signal for the Power amplifier T, which turns off the electromagnet M. The solenoid M, which has previously held the loop 21 leaves

let go now. In this way, the Fornschalthebel 12 can now be moved in the switching direction k.

The driver then moves the remote control lever 12 in the switching gear 1-2 * in the switching direction k in the gear stage 1

appropriate position.

With the movement of the remote control lever 12 and the signal generator unit 18 moves. Moving shifts the Groove 19 away from the sensor EKO, which emits a signal to the input 103 of the control unit 10. So the sensor EKO detects

that the signal generator unit 18 has moved away from the middle position.

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The movement of the signal generator unit 18 also moves the grooves 20. In this case, the movement causes the groove 20 with the row number 0 to be completely removed first from the sensor EK2 and then to the sensor EK1. The sensor EK2 generates a signal at the input 102 of the control unit 10 and the sensor EK1 a signal at the input 101. The signal of the sensor EK2 and the signal of the sensor EK1 arrive via the corresponding adaptation stage I in the direction-sensing subunit 43. The direction-sensing subunit 43 determines the direction of movement of the remote control lever 12 in the switching direction kddurch that the signal from the sensor EK2 arrives earlier than the signal of the sensor EK1. The signal arriving at the input 103 of the sensor EKO also passes through the adaptation stage I in the forward-backward counting sub-unit 44. This signal is an instruction that the forward-backward counting subunit 44 starts counting the pulses. The pulses to be counted arrive with the signal of the sensors EK2, EK1 via the direction sensing subunit 43 into the forward-backward counting subunit 44.

The forward-backward counting sub-unit 44 derives the current result of the counting to the absolute value-forming and comparing sub-unit 45.

The absolute value forming and comparing subunit 45 compares the current result of the counter with the predetermined and fed values.

It is briefly again on the Fernsehschalthebil 12 and the synchronously moving signal generator unit 18 reference:

When the groove 20 with the row number 0 is removed from both the probe EK2 and the probe EK1, the direction sensing subunit 43 determines the direction of movement of the signal generator unit 18. The direction sensing subunit 43 also passes this information directly to the absolute value in the form of a signal forming and comparing subunit 45. The absolute value forming and comparing subunit 45 forwards the signal to the subunit 46, which shuts off the solenoid of the valve SK2 by means of the signal generated for the power amplifier T. The valve SK2 empties the cylinder space V2 of the shift cylinder 35.

With the emptying of the cylinder space V2, the equilibrium of forces in the shift cylinder 35 dissolves. Since the cylinder space VO limiting active piston surface AK of the floating piston 37 is less than the cylinder space V1 limiting active piston surface AS, the piston rod 36 moves in the direction of the cylinder space V2, and moves the stage changing device 33 \ i switching direction k in the gear stage 1 corresponding Position, with one of the difference between the active KolbenfW, ne AS and the active piston area AK correspond to the force. This starts the synchronization of the gear 1 with a lower pressure force level.

The absolute value forming and comparing subunit 45 also outputs a signal to the subunit 49 controlling the solenoid simultaneously with the beginning of the synchronization. The electromagnet-controlling subunit 49 sets the solenoid M - by means of the delay set by the circuit 50 delaying the switching on of the electromagnet - via the signal supplied to the power amplifier T, whereby the solenoid M attracts the loop 21. Now blocks the remote control lever 12, in such a way that the groove 20 with the row number -2 of the signal generator unit 18 is above the sensors EK2, EK1. The blocking of the remote control lever 12 signals the driver that the synchronization of the gear 1 takes place.

The remote control lever 12 can still be pushed a little further compared to the positioned loop 21 against the spring 24. If the driver leaves the remote control lever 12 abut the stop surface 25 of the loop 21, the groove 20 passes with the row number -4 of the signal generator unit 18 via the sensor EK2, EK1. Now, the absolute value forming and comparative subunit 45 generates a new signal for the bowing in the switching direction controlling subunit 46, which now turns off by the signal supplied to the power amplifier T and the electromagnet of the valve SKO. The valve SKO also empties the cylinder space VO of the shift cylinder 35. This allows the piston rod 32 to continue working with a larger pressure force level.

Until the lower pressure force stage is dimensioned for synchronization, the larger pressure force stage is dimensioned for the actual gearshift gearshift. Thus, the piston rod 36 terminates by means of Stufenwechseloinrichtung 33, the shift of the gear stage 1. When the piston rod 36 reaches its outer position, r.prir. the ball 41 of the positioning device 39 in the formed in the piston rod 36 groove 38th

Gear ratio 1 is detected by the ESO probe. Until then, namely, the graduation 42 formed in the piston rod 36 moves away from the sensor ESO and reaches the distance Pl of the piston rod 36. The signal of the sensor ESO is delivered to the input 105 of the control unit 10 and from there via the adaptation stage I. By virtue of the received signal, the sub-unit 49 controlling the solenoid triggers the electromagnet M via the signal supplied to the power amplifier T. The solenoid M releases the loop 21 (the block 50 causing the release of the solenoid has disengagement delayed here as well, but this has no meaning here). The remote control lever 12 can be moved on again. The driver now moves the remote lever 12 to the end of the shift 1-2 *. Here, the remote control lever 12 abuts against the recess 32. In this position of the remote control lever 12 is the groove 20 with the row number -10 of the signal generator unit 18 via the sensors EK2, EK1. Now, the absolute value forming and comparing subunit 45 again generates a signal to the solenoid controlling subunit 49 which, after being delayed by the solenoid 50 retarding block 50 via a signal supplied to the power amplifier T, again energizes the solenoid M: tighten the loop 21 again. The delay is necessary so that the spring 24 can return to its normal position. This is possible because when the remote control lever 12 abuts the recess 32, the loop 21 can move even further, so the spring 24, the loop 21 can move relative to the already firmly applied remote control lever 12. This is necessary because in the opposite case, the spring 24 would push back the shift lever 12, which is judged by the control unit 10 as if the driver wants to turn off the gear 1. This uncertainty is eliminated by the delay of about 150msec.

The driver evaluates the aforementioned abutment of the remote control lever 12 such that the circuit of the gear stage 1 completes ht and therefore closes the clutch. The release of the clutch pedal 8 is detected by the sensor ET. By rüe effect of its signal, the corresponding power amplifier T also switches off the electromagnet of the valve SK. Finally, the valve SK1 empties so also the cylinder chamber V1 of the shift cylinder 35. The piston rod 36 is held by the positioning means 39 in this position.

As can be seen from the previous explanations, the movement of the remote control lever 12 remains behind by one step behind the gear stage actually caused by the shift cylinder 35. This "deception" of the driver does not cause any disadvantages, but the remote control lever 12 completely simulates the movement of a traditional shift lever.

Due to the previous explanation of the function of the remote switching device, the task, the connection and the function of the subunits of the control unit 10 is clearly visible. For this reason, no further references to the subunits are given. They are mentioned only where it is indispensable for understanding the function. When the operator wants to change the gear, he in turn pushes the clutch pedal 8. Due to the effect of the signal generated by the sensor ET, the control unit sets the solenoid of the valve SK1 under tension. The cylinder space V1 of the shift cylinder 35 is filled. The signal generated by the sensor ET is at the same time the one start signal for switching on the voltage of the electromagnet M. Accordingly, the control unit does not yet solve the electromagnet M.

Then the driver pulls the remote control lever 12 against its center position. Since the electromagnetic M still holds the loop 21, the remote control lever 12 can be moved only to a small extent against the spring. This is sufficient as soon as the signal generator unit 18 moves and the groove 20 with the row number -8 is positioned above the sensors EK1 and EK2. The signaling unit 18 begins with the cover of these sensors in comparison to those described above in reverse order. The control unit 10 provides from the signal of the sensor EK1, EK2 ready when starting the signal generator unit 18 f sst that the movement of the Signalgebereinhait 18 takes place in the reverse direction, therefore, it will make the electromagnet of the valve SK1 dead and the solenoid of Vontils SKO under tension put. In this way, the cylinder chamber V1 of the shift cylinder 35 will empty and fill its cylinder space VO. As a result, its piston rod 36 moves in the middle position. The moving in the middle position Kolbonstange 36 turns off the gear 1 by the step-change device 33.

Thereafter, the control unit 10 sets the electromagnets of the valves SK1 and SK2 again under tension, which fill up through the cylinder chambers V1 and V2 dos switching cylinder 35. As a result, all three Zylindenräume be filled again and of course there is now even balance of power.

When the distance P1 of the piston rod 36 has passed the sensor ESO, whose signal is the second start signal for releasing the solenoid M, so that the solenoid M, the loop 21 releases. So that the remote control lever 12 can not be moved by a possibly more powerful movement of the vehicle guide in the same switching street on the center position, should wait until the shift cylinder 35 is in the center position. Therefore, the solving of the solenoid bewiikende block 51 is still delayed for 150 msec and the control unit 10 makes the electromagnet M then de-energized. The remote control lever 12 can now return to its center position. As can be seen, the release of the electromagnet causing block 51 plays an important role in this phase of action.

When the remote control lever 12 is positioned at the center position, the shift to the next speed step can be started as described above.

Now, the case will be examined separately when the belonging to any gear synchronous structure of the transmission 11 is defective. In this case, namely, this gear can not be switched. Since the solenoid M restrains the loop at the time of synchronizing and the engagement of the gear Fcfa, and when the step Ganfufe is not switchable, the distance Pl of the piston rod 36 does not pass through the sensor ESO. Because of the missing signal from the sensor ESO, the electromagnet-controlling unit 49 does not make the electromagnet M dead. The remote control lever 12 can therefore not be moved within the switching path 1-2 * in its outer position. This gives the driver the same idea that he can not finish the gear shift with a traditional gear lever. Therefore, he is forced to search for a different gear. The driver moves the remote control lever 12 back to its center position. The grooves 20 of the signal generator 18 will now pass the sensors EK1 and EK2 in the opposite direction. The control unit 10 determines that the direction of movement of the signal generator unit 18 has changed, but that the groove 20 of the signal transmitter unit 18 has not yet reached the sensor EKO. Therefore, it will make the circuit of the planned gear stage exporting and therefore energized electromagnets of the valves SK1 or SK2 immediately de-energized. It remains only in the cylinder space VO of the shift cylinder 35 compressed air, so that the piston rod 56 returns to its center position. It should be noted - from the foregoing, by the way, this is obvious - that when the shift lever 12 has moved in any direction from the center position in any direction, or is in any phase of its movement, the control unit 10 is on the movement the Fernschalihebels 12 in the opposite direction always react so that it makes the electromagnets of the valves SK1, SK 2 dead, the electromagnet de j valve SKO puts under tension or holds in the on state. In this way, the shift cylinder 35 adjusts the Stufen.vschseleinrichtung 33 in the middle position.

In explaining the operation of the remote switching device, it has been assumed that the remote control lever 12 and the stage changing device 33 are in the neutral position N when the vehicle is started. Of course, the motor vehicle can also be parked in such a way that any of the gear ratios remain switched on. In this case, the starting by the driver as well, as was described when switching off the gear ratio above.

It may also happen that in a switched off and parked motor vehicle, the remote control panel 12 is indeed in the middle position, but not in the switching line 3-4 *. Here it is important that if there are no more Preßl'jft, located in the cylinder chambers of choice cylinder 34, the built-in springs its piston rod Ln switching street 3-4 * adjust, ^{beziehungswe:} se that in the same way din springs 27 and 29 also the remote control lever 12 in the switching road ^ 3-4 * adjust. Thus, it can be ensured that the remote control lever 12 is also synchronized with the selector cylinder 34 in the on-state c jr remote switching device. Of course, a solution without the use of springs is possible. In this case, when the remote switching device is energized, the selector cylinder 34 first assumes the same position as the remote control lever 12.

In connection with the delayed release and tightening of the solenoid M, it should be noted that this can not be realized only electronically. If the distance PO on the piston rod 36 is shorter than the total stroke length, the sensor ESO will earlier signal a signal when the piston rod 36 has reached its outer position, or in

Reverse running later as it moves out of its outward position. Thus, by choosing the route PO a Delay be achieved. The formation of the signal generator unit 18 may not only be comb-like as described herein. In Fig. 16 is also another Variant shown. The signal transmitter unit S3 can be identical to the signal generator unit 18 in terms of its arrangement and shape. The The only difference is that in this variant no grooves, but circular openings are provided. In

The movement path ρ 1 is formed by seven openings 54 and an opening 55 in the movement path p2.

The task of the openings 54 is the same as that of the grooves 20, therefore these are with the same row number

characterized, corresponding to the positions of the grooves 20. Also, the opening 55 is arranged as well as the groove 19.

The probes EKt and EK2 are in the trajectory ρ 1 of the openings 54, the sensor EKO in the trajectory p2 of

opening 55 arranged. The distance s / 2 of the displacement of the sensors EK1 and EK2 also corresponds here to half of the

Scanning range f. This value s / 2 may also be larger, but it is not appropriate to the \ / f ert of the scanning larger

to choose because then too large openings 54 would have been made, whereby the function of the remote switching device would be inaccurate.

It is understandable without special explanation that the signal generator unit 53 fulfills its task essentially as well as

the signal generator unit 18. It is only the structure of the control unit 10, and within which the basic data to be input to the absolute value generating and comparing subunit 45 are modified.

The remote switching unit can also be set up in other ways. An example of this is shown in Figs. 17-19 Remote switching unit 56, for simplicity with a for actuating the previously described change gear 11th

corresponding structure is shown.

Accordingly, the circuit diagram 52 is characteristic of the remote switching unit 56, and also the step change unit 9 of Change gear 11 has an identical structure. In the housing 57 of the remote switching unit 56 is the remote control lever 58 about the axis 59 in the switching direction k and one to

vertical bolt 60 rotatably mounted in the Wthlrichtung ν. For Fünrung the remote control lever 58 is in the upper plate of the

Housing 57, a recess 61 is provided, which corresponds in a known manner substantially the circuit diagram 52. The arranged about the axis 59 spring 62 is used to hold the remote control lever 58 in the neutral position N, wherein the spring 62nd

is supported with one end on the remote control lever 58 and with its other end on the housing 57. Within the spring 62 is for

Secured against an involuntary switching the reverse gear R a shorter spring 63 is arranged. At the end of the remote control lever 58, a plate 70 is provided, which arranged in the selection direction ν inductive sensor EV12, EV34, EV56, EVR actuated. At one end of the shaft 59, a signal generator unit 64 is provided, which - as shown in Fig. 20 - over a wider

has an arcuate lateral surface above which the inductive sensors EKK1, to determine the movement in the switching direction k,

EKS1, EKS2, EKK2 are arranged. The arc length i of the jacket of the signal generator unit 64 is selected so that the sensor EKK1, EKS1, EKS 2, EKK1 are spaced apart such that the signal transmitter unit 64 each sensor both

individually and at the same time can cover the neighboring ones.

At the other end of the axis 59 is a loop 65 and perpendicular to the friction surface 66 of the loop 65 is a pneumatic Working cylinder 68 arranged. The pneumatic cylinder 68 is dimensioned so that when it is under pressure, its Piston rod 67 on the friction surface 66 generates such a large frictional force, which is exerted only by one on the remote control lever 58

medium-sized hand-force can be overcome. The loop 65 and the pneumatic working cylinder 68 together form the brake fastening device F.

The pneumatic cylinder 68 is connected via the line S9 and via the solenoid-operated valve SF at the Compressed air source connected. The connection between the Ferrachalteinheit 56 and the step change unit 9 is also done here via a control unit. Although the signal generator unit 64 of the remote switching unit 56 and the sensors EKK1, EKS1, which are actuated by the signal transmitter unit, EKS2, EKK2 differ in their arrangement and number from the above-described embodiment, means the Structure of the control unit in knowledge of the function for a specialist no problem, so that 'this is not explained here

must become.

The remote switching device and the remote switching unit 56 included therein operate as follows: The signal generation in the direction of choice ν and the reaction of the step change unit 9 are with the preceding example

identical.

If the step change unit 9 has not selected the df.ι position of the remote control lever 58 corresponding switching street sets

the control unit the electromagnf th of the valve SF under tension. The valve SF fills the pneumatic

Working cylinder 68, the piston rod 67 presses against the friction surface 66. As a result, the loop 65 is braked so that

Their movement requires a greater hand force. From this, the driver deduces that somehow irregularity has occurred.

When the stage change unit 9 has selected the appropriate shift stage, the remote control lever 58 is in the selected one Switching road easy to move. In the middle position of the remote control lever 58, the sensors EKS1 and EK32 are covered by the signal generator unit 64. The Due to the common signal of the sensors EKS1 and FKS2, the control unit also holds the cylinder chambers VO, V1 and V2 of the sensor Switching cylinder 35 in the filled state. When the driver wants to switch to gear ratio 1, he moves d nnern switching lever 58 in the direction k within the Shifting gear 1-2 * in the direction corresponding to gear ratio 1. The movement of the remote control lever 58 rotates the Signaling unit 64 away from the sensor EKS2 and covers only the sensor EKS1 ob. The control unit gives due to the

Independent signal of the sensor EKS1 a command to empty the Zyiinderraumes V2 in the shift cylinder 35. This begins the synchronization of the gear 1 with the lower pressure force level. At the same time, the control unit sets the electromagnet of the valve SF under tension, whereby the pneumatic working cylinder 68 is filled !, which in turn decelerates the loop 65, that is, d ^! e Brake mounting device F closes.

The remote control lever 08 can be moved more difficult with braked loop 65. If the driver this Overcoming the braking effect of the remote control lever 58, the signal generator unit 64 continues to rotate and covers the dio Sensor EKS1 and EKK1 off simultaneously. Due to the effect of the common signal of these sensors, the control unit also gives

a command for emptying the cylinder space VO of the shift cylinder 35. Now, the shift of the gear 1 with the larger pressure force level.

When the switching cylinder has completed the circuit of Gan jstufe 1, the control unit triggers by turning off the Solenoid of the valve SF, the brake mounting device F. The driver pushes the remote control lever 58th

within the switching street 1-2 * all the way to the sweeter position. Now, the signal generator unit 64 turns away from the sensor EKS1 and covers only the sensor EKK1. Dib control unit gives on the basis of the independent signal of the sensor EKK1

Command for emptying the cylinder chamber V1 in the shift cylinder 35 and for closing the brake mounting device F. The engagement of the gear 1 is completed, all three cylinder trees of the shift cylinder 35 are empty, the remote control lever 58th

is in a stable position.

If the driver wants to turn off the gear 1, he pushes the remote control lever 58 in its center position. The Signaling unit 64 now also covers the sensor EKS1 again. Now the signals of the sensors EKK1 and EKS1 appear in the Control unit in reverse order. This is evaluated by the control unit so that they are only to fill the Cylinder space VO in the shift cylinder 35 gives a command. In this way, the shift of the gear 1 takes place. If by retracting the remote control lever 58, the signal generator unit 64 from the sensor EKK1, the Control unit a command to release the brake mounting device F. The remote control lever 58 can in its center position

to return.

In the circuit with the remote switching unit 56 described above can in a clumsy driver a Uncertainty occur as a result that the Brams fastening device F is not in the required positions in

defines fixed position, but only slows down. This uncertainty can be eliminated by the solution shown in FIG.

Here is on the axis 59 of the remote switching unit 56 described above not the loop 65, but a two-armed Swingarm 71 attached. The loop 65 may twist relative to the axis. The one arm of the rocker 71 is formed as a stop 72, which is formed between the formed on the loop 65 Stop surfaces 73 can move. The other arm 74 of the rocker 71 is supported against the loop 65 via a respective spring 75th In the thus formed brake mounting device F, the piston rod 67 of the pneumatic working cylinder 68th

Grasp the loop 65 immovably. The abutment surfaces 73 allow the stop 72 such a large movement that upon actuation dtr sensor EKK1, EKS1, EKS2, EKK2 by the remote control lever 58, the two adjacent positions compared to the fixed position can still occur.

The spring 75 fulfills the same purpose as the spring 23 and 24 in the remote switching unit 7 described earlier. It is apparent

that the signal generator of the remote switching unit 56 described above in the switching direction k can also be designed as described in the remote switching unit 7. The only difference is that the signal generator unit 18 must be imaged arcuately. It is also obvious that the remote switching unit 56 described above may be constructed of opto-motors instead of the inductive sensors.

Finally, it should be noted that the stage change organ of the gearbox in the switching direction bewegendo

pneumatic cylinder can also be constructed such that the same pressure in all three positions an equal

Pressure force results. This should zweckmäßigerweisr between the mid-position controlling Donton and the Preßluftquelle a Pressure reducer are interposed. An advantageous embodiment may be that of the brake-mounting device F, especially at the last

described embodiment, a hydraulic cylinder is used.

Claims (11)

1. Elektropneumatisch ^ remote switching device, in particular for switching the gear ratios of the synchronized mechanical transmission of motor vehicles, with the Stage changing device (33) of the change gear (11) in a selection direction (v) arranged pneumatic selection cylinder (34) with one, the number of switching lines (1-2 ^X , 3-4 ^x , 5-6 ^x , R ") corresponding number of positions and a switch cylinder (35) arranged in switching direction (k) with three positions in operative connection, the selector cylinder (34) and the Schabzylinder (35) overelectromagnetically operated valves (SV12, SV 56, SVR, SK0, SK1, SK2) connected to the compressed air source are, further provided by the driver remote control unit (7.56) with a remote control lever (12.58) is provided above the diagram (52) of the transmission (11) has corresponding positions with the in the direction of election (v) and switching direction (k) arranged signalers (EV12, EV34, EV56, EVR, 18, EKO, EK1, EK2, 64, EKK1, EKS2, EKK2) is in operative connection, wherein the signal generator via a control unit (10) with the electromagnetically actuated Ven Tilts (SV 12, SV34, SV56, SVR, SKO, SK1, SK2) are connected, characterized in that the switching cylinder (35) has in its outer positions on a lower and a larger pressure force level, that further the number of in the Remote switching unit (7.56) in the direction of selection (v) arranged signal generator (EV 12, EV34, EV56, EVR) is equal to the number of switching streets (1-2 ^X , 3-4 ^x , 5-6 ^x , R ^x ), and two signal transmitters (64, EKK1, EKS1, EKS2, EKK2) are arranged at least symmetrically in the switching direction (k), of which the closer to the center position signal generator (64, EKS1, EKS2) with, in the outer positions of the shift cylinder (35) a lower pressure force generating valves (SK0-SK1, SKO-SK2) are in control connection and the remote center position signal generator (64, EKK1, EKK2) with, in the outer positions of the shift cylinder (35) generating a larger pressure force stage Valves (SK1, SK2) in S stand expensive connection that continue the shift cylinder (35) with at least one, the end position signaling signalers (P1, P2, ESO) «is seen, and finally in the remote switching unit (7.56) of the remote control lever (12,58) with a by means of auxiliary energy actuated brake fastening device (F) is in forced connection, wherein the brake attachment device (F) in the remote switching unit (7.56) in the switching direction (k) arranged signal generator (18, EK1, EK2,64, EKK1, EKS1 , EKS2, EKK2) and the end position of the shift cylinder (35) signaling signal generator (P 1, P 2, ESO) are in control connection. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that in the remote switching unit (7) in the switching direction (k) arranged signal generator from openings (54), advantageously from grooves (20) in one, with the remote control lever (12) in Actuator connection standing signal generator unit (63,18) are formed whose trajectories (p1) coincide, wherein in this movement path (p 1) at least two, by the action of electrical signals generating sensor (EK 1, EK2) in front of the openings (54,20) arranged are, the scanning ranges (f) of the sensor (EK1, EK2) expedient to each other by 0.5-100 of the scanning range (f) are shifted, that further steal with the remote control lever (12) another signal generator unit (18) in operative connection, in which is a single opening (55), expediently a groove (19) is formed, in front of which in the middle position of the remote control lever (12) by the action of light electrical signals generating sensor ( EKO) is arranged. 3. Device according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that with the remote control lever (12) in operative connection, with a plurality of openings (54,20) and with a single opening (55,19) provided signal generator unit (18) in one piece is formed and that the movement path (p2) of the last-mentioned single opening (55,19) outside the movement path (p1) of the other openings (54,20) is located. 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the by the remote control lever (12) actuated signal generator unit (18) is at least as long (1) as the distance (L) between the two outer positions of the signal generator unit (18 ), wherein it is provided on the entire length with openings, expediently grooves (20) whose width (s) with the width of the scanning range (f) of the sensor (EK 1, EK?) are identical and their division (o) twice their width (s) is, and that further in the movement path (p 1) of these grooves (20) arranged two sensors (EK1, EK2) with a counting subunit of the control unit (10) are in signal-transmitting connection. 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the brake Fastening device (F) of the remote control unit (7.56) from one with the remote control lifting! in the switching direction (k) in forcibly connected loop (21,65) with an electromagnet (M) with a friction surface (26,66) of the loop (21,65) perpendicular line of action, or a pneumatic working cylinder (68) or a hydraulic working cylinder and that the frictional force generated by the electromagnet (M) or the pneumatic working cylinder (68) or the hydraulic working cylinder on the friction surface (26, 66) of the loop (21, 65) is lower than that due to the operation of the remote control lever (12 , 58) applied hand force on the loop (21,65) acting force. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that two stop surfaces (25, 73) are formed on the loop (21, 65) of the brake attachment device (F) of the remote control unit (7.56), between which the remote control lever (12) or the stop (72) forcibly connected thereto, that further the distance (u) between the abutment surfaces is greater than the dimension of the remote control lever (12) or of the abutment (72) between the abutment surfaces (25, 73) , and the Femschalthebel (12) or the stop (72) in the direction of the stop surfaces (25,73) via two springs (23,24,75) of the same spring force against the loop (21,65) is supported. 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the center position of the shift cylinder (35) generating the active piston surfaces. (AK) are lower than the outer position generating active piston surfaces (AS). 8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that between the valve, which supplies the cylinder space with compressed air and thus the center position of the shift cylinder (35) generates, and the Preßluftquelle a pressure reducer is interposed. 9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that in the middle position each cylinder space (VO, V1, V2) of the Schaitzylinders (35) is connected to the compressed air source. 10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the piston rod (36) of the shift cylinder (35) is in positive communication with a signal generator having in its direction of movement three distances (PO, P1, P2), wherein the middle (PO) of the three straightener (PO, P1, P2) differs in size from the other two routes (P 1, P2), and in front of the signal transmitter, a sensor (ESO) is arranged, and at least in each outer position of the Shifting cylinder (35) each an outer distance (P 1, P2) of the signal transmitter is located in front of the sensor (ESO). 11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that each position of the selector cylinder (34) is assigned a signal generator (ES12, ES34, ES56, ESR), and that of these signal generators (ES 12, ES34, ES56, ESR ) and of the signal generators (EV 12, EV34, EV56, EVR) arranged in the remote switching unit (7, 56) in the direction of election (v) those which are connected to the same switching circuit (1-2 ^X , 3-4 ^x , 5-6 ", R") are associated with each other for carrying out the gearshift circuit.