DD275632A1 - DEVICE FOR AUTOMATICALLY POSITIONING A TOOTH LEFT OF A GEAR WHEEL - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention has for its object to automate the positioning of a tooth gap of a gear to a grinding body in order to avoid a collision between the grinding body and gear during setup. According to the invention, the object is achieved by arranging between the gearwheel 2 and the double-cone grinding body 5 an inleakage sensor 6, which is equipped with an opposing polarity. The axes C, X, V and Y have position-controlled drives 3; 4; 13; 14 and are controlled by the control unit 15 according to the employment of the Einluecksensors 6 to Zahnluecke. Fig. 1

Description

For this 3 pages drawings

Field of application of the invention

The invention is applicable to the automatic positioning of a tooth gap to a machining tool or to a measuring means, preferably on a teilwrr / experienced gear grinding machine with a biconical grinding body.

Characteristic of the known state of the art

Manual Injection of a Grinding Wheel The tooth gap of a gear is labor-intensive and requires a great deal of attention in order to avoid a collision between the grinding wheel and the tooth flank. With increasing diameter of the gear, the visual contact for employment grinding wheel tooth flank becomes increasingly uncertain and the risk of a collision increases.

Mechanical fixing devices are known, which are arranged in the region of the workpiece carrier or the tool carrier in order to associate the position of the tooth gap with the grinding wheel. These devices are not suitable for a changing workpiece program, in which the fixing device must be adapted to the diameter, the module and the number of teeth. According to one known embodiment (DD-WP 247796), the wiper body is slipped by the combination of a slow radial grinding wheel delivery and a tangential delivery of the workpiece by rotation thereof, with simultaneous analysis of the picked up grinding wheel drive power. After a corresponding significant change in the required grinding motor drive power is attempted via a defined motion algorithm to detect the position of the grinding wheel to the workpiece by the analysis with respect to grinding power increase / Schleitlelstungsverülnderung. A SolMstwertvergleich the radial position of the tool to the forming circle of the workpiece allows, in connection with the analysis of the required Schleifmotorantriebsleistung, the determination of Spielauslage / angular position for determining the Anfunkposition the tool.

A disadvantage of the o. G. The solution is the very low sensitivity of the measuring method, and the high risk of tool and workpiece in case of technical instability. Furthermore, high reaction rates are necessary to control the machine with a number of measures to compensate for the mass forces resulting from the motion changes.

In another known design (DO-WP 153196 '/ the contact of the grinding wheel is related to the edges via sensors

recognized; Here, a slow, repeatable Wälzvorschubbewegung and a continuous feed movement of the

Grinding *. This solution has the disadvantage that again a high risk of tool and workpiece is present when Foal functions occur within the functional sequence. It also takes a lot of time for the setup process

necessary.

Another known design (DE-PS 36 ϋ 5365) includes that the first workpiece to be produced by hand to the tool

is aligned and stored after actuation of the Wälzkopplung by a sensor, the position of the tooth tips in dependence on the geometric and kinematic Verhhältnisten in a learning process. In the following workpieces, the phase angle of the tooth heads moving past the sensor is determined and compared with the values stored in the learning process. After automatic production of a motion coincidence, the tool is meshed and the processing started.

This procedure is not suitable for a lot number = 1, since the first workpiece is set up by hand. Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is to shorten the Einrichtzeiten for hiring the tooth flank to the grinding wheel and to ensure the safety of Einrichtvorganges.

Explanation of the essence of the invention The invention has for its object to automate the gapping of a grinding wheel in a tooth gap and a Avoid collision between the tool and the gear during the setup process. According to the invention the object is achieved in that a centered to the double-cone grinding and the gear

directed Einlücksensor with two output voltages is connected upstream of a differential amplifier whose

Differential voltage applied to a rectifier, a memory and a center controller. At the output of the rectifier are

arranged in parallel arrangement a touch trigger and a touch trigger and a distance trigger downstream, wherein the

Touch trigger input side and the distance trigger input and output connected to the control unit On the input side of the memory there is a measuring system and the control unit. At the output of the memory is a Evaluation unit arranged, the input and output side connected to the control unit! St. Furthermore, the sees Means that the output of the center controller at a connected to the output of a setpoint generator adder

is present and the center controller has an input of the control unit. The adder is located between the setpoint generator and the controller.

The control unit is connected at the input and output with the setpoint generators, these are controllers of Lagrogelkreise the axes downstream. The Einlücksensor has on its measuring surfaces to the tooth gap an opposite polarity, with two outputs on a Differential amplifier is given. Ausfuhrungsbeisplel

The invention will be explained below with reference to an exemplary embodiment. In the accompanying drawings show:

Fig. 1: representation of the device in plan view Fig. 2: Side view of Fig. 1 with the Einschwenkeinheit for the Einlücksensor Fig. 3: Arrangement for controlling the axes of the device

On the rotary table of a bed carriage 1 a Teilwälzschluifmaschine a gear 2 is clamped and is moved by a drive 3 rotationally and by drive 4 translationally.

At a radially deliverable to the gear 2 by the drive 13 stator 24 is a rotary member 10 is arranged, which receives a Gtößel 16 in its guides, which performs a working movement in the direction of the flank line of the gear 2. In a lower position of the plunger 16, a grinding carriage 7 with a grinding spindle and the double-cone grinding body 5 is arranged. The feed of the grinding carriage 7 takes place radially to the gear 2 by the drive 14. Escaping the double-cone grinding body 5 is an inleak sensor 6 is arranged, which is positioned by a Einschwenkeinheit 12 and is located between the gear 2 and the double bevel grinding 5. The position for the double-cone grinding body 5 is achieved by a central unit 11 which preferably contacts the conical surface of the double-cone grinding body 5 in a form-fitting manner with contacting elements.

For controlling the movement sequences of the units, a control unit 15 is provided. In addition, by the control unit 15, the gear 2 is driven by the drive 4 in an aligned center position to the pivoted-Einlücksensor 6 and offset by the drive 3 in a continuous rotational movement by the drives 13 and 14. The horizontal position of the Einlücksensors β to the gear 2 is effected by adjusting the stroke position of the plunger 16th

The infeed sensor 6 equipped with an opposite polarity (tangential measuring units 8, 9) is connected to a differential amplifier 17. This in turn is connected to a rectifier 31, the memory 35 and the center controller 30.

The Lageregelkreise for the rotational movement of the gear 2, the grinding carriage 7, and the stator 24 and the bed carriage 1 are formed by regulator 21; 22; 36; 23, drives 3; 14; 13; 4 and measuring systems 27; 28; 26; 29th

The regulators 21; 22; 36; 23 are the Soliwertgeneratoren 18; 19; 25; 20 upstream, the input and output side are connected to the control unit 15. The set value generator 13 and the center controller 30 are linked by the adder 37 and switched to the controller 21. At the rectifier 31, the touch trigger 32: and the distance trigger 33 are connected and further led to the control unit 15, wherein the trigger 33 also einfjangsseitig applied to the control unit 15. Downstream of the memory 35 is the evaluation unit 34 which is connected to the control unit 15 on the input and output side.

The control unit 15 has connections to the center controller 30 and to the memory 35. The memory 35 is connected on the input side to the measuring system 7.

functional sequence

The automatic positioning device requires position-controlled axes for the threatening movement of the gear 2 (C), the grinding carriage 7 (V), the stator 24 (Y) and the bed carriage 1 (X). The position control circuits consist of the regulators 21; 22; 36; 23, the drives 3; 14; 13; 4 and the measuring systems 27; 28; 26; 29. The setpoints for the controller 21; 22; 36; 23 are set by the setpoint generators 18; 19; 25; 20, which manipulates the control unit 15, given. When positioning the Einlücksensors 6 In a tooth gap, the manipulated variable of the center controller 30 is linked to the value of the setpoint generator 18 by the adder 37 and the controller 21 as a setpoint.

The Miltenregler 30 has integral behavior and affects, depending on the differential voltage Au, the rotational movement of the gear 2 for introducing the Einlücksensore 6 in a tooth gap. The differential voltage Au is formed as a function of the distances between the tangential measuring units 8; 9 processed to the flanks of the gear 2 and the differential amplifier 17.

The center controller 30 can be switched on or off via the Steuei unit 15.

In the memory 35, differential voltage Au is stored as a function of the rotational position of the gearwheel 2 and converted by the evaluation unit 34, i workpiece parameter, which can be read out if necessary. Both components are manipulated by the control unit 15.

Excessive approach of the Einlücksensors 6 to the gear 2 to the touch leads to a high differential voltage Au and is signaled upper trigger 32. Since the approach to a left or right edge in opposite directions causes polarity of the difference voltage Au, a rectifier 31 is necessary. The rectified differential voltage Au is further fed to a programmable trigger 33, with which an approximation of the Einlücksensors 6 is signaled to a predetermined radial resistance to the gear 2. The control unit 15 has the task of realizing or linking the control sequence for the individual operating modes. With the device can be realized 3 modes:

Approximately dos Einlücksensors 6 to the gear 2 to a predetermined radial distance to the tooth tip

Recording the course of the differential voltage Au of the Einlücksensors 6 via the path of rotation of the gear. 2

Insertion of elec- trode sensor «6 Within the tip circle of gear wheel 2

All three modes involve aligning the gear 2 with the one-shot sensor 6 so that the gear center lies on the extended centerline of the intake sensor 6. This realizes the control unit 15 via the set value generator 20 by outputting a fixed position of the bed carriage 1. In helical gears of the Einlücksensor β is pivoted with the rotary member 10 corresponding to the helix angle of the gear 2.

In the operating mode 1, a defined radial approach of the inlet sensor K to the top circle of the toothed wheel 2, and thus a radial relation between the grinding carriage axis and the toothed wheel 2, is realized. The predetermined distance between Einlücksensor β and tip circle must be in the effective range of the Einlücksensors 6

 Initial state:

- Center controller 30 switched off

- Stand 24 or grinding carriage 7 with Einlücksensor 8 retracted (outside the effective range to the gear 2)

Gear 2 aligned over bed carriage 1 to the slot sensor β.

The control unit 15 provides the programmable trigger 33 with a voltage value which corresponds to the desired approach to the tip circle of the toothed wheel 2.

About the setpoint generator 18, a permanent rotation or oscillation over at least one division is generated on the gear 2. Subsequently, the radial delivery of the stator 24 biw. Grinding slide 7 to the gear 2 above the setpoint generator 25 or 19. As soon as the Einlücksensor 8 immersed in the programmed range Berekberekh, this is signaled to the programmable trigger 33 of the control unit 15 and the drive 14 and the drive 13 stopped.

In mode 2, the differential voltage Au is taken over the path of the rotational movement of the gear 2 and converted in the evaluation unit 34 in gear parameters such as the center of the gap, number of teeth and Rundlauffehlor.

Initial state:

- Version BA1

* Center control 30 switched off

Ableuf:

The Steuererefnr EIT 15 generates above the setpoint generator 18, a rotation of the gear 2 over a full rotation. simultaneously

In the memory 35, the alternating function Au = f (c) is stored. Subsequently, the evaluation unit 34 determines

Gap center, number of teeth and concentricity error. The gap center results from the zero crossings dor differential voltage Au

with predetermined polarity change. The zero crossing with opposite polarity change corresponds to the

Tooth head center. The number of teeth results from the number of cycles (gap center-tooth space center of adjacent gap). The Concentricity error can be determined from the amplitude difference of the cycles of the difference voltage Au. In this operating mode, the gap center within the top circle can be determined. This can be determined by the BA 2

differ due to the different geometry of left and right flank.

Initial state:

- Recording the reference between grinding carriage 7, or stator? 4 and gear 2 by BA. 1

- Determining a gap center by BA 2 Procedure:

Positioning the Einlücksensors 6 in the effective range outside the top circle of the gear «2 on the setpoint generator 19th

or 25. Setting of the gear 2 to a calculated according to BA 2 gap of the gear 2 via the setpoint generator 18th

Subsequent activation of the center controller 30. The center controller 30 has integral behavior. The integrated by the center controller 30 Differonzpannung Au is additive with

the value of the setpoint generator 18 is linked by the adder 37 and switched to the controller 21 of the gear 2. Thus, the center controller 30 corrects the target value c, for the rotational movement of the gear 2, and thus the rotational movement of the

Gear 2, until the differential voltage Au is equal to zero. This is in the middle! the removal of the left flank 8 of the Einlücksensors 6 to the left flank of the tooth gap equal to the distance of the right flank 9 dos Einlücksensors β to the right Flank 9 of the Einlücksensors β to the right flank of the gap. Now, the Einlücksensor 6 can be retracted by stand 24 or grinding carriage 7 to a maximum of Fußkreis in the gap

become. The center controller 30 constantly ensures the centering of the Einlücksensors 6 by rotation of the gear 2. Nach

Completion of the radial feed can be the gear position as a reference position for a gap center within the top circle

be stored.

In all modes, a protective effect is ensured via touch trigger 32. Too much rapprochement or at Touching the Einlücksensors 6 with the gear 2 results in a very high differential voltage Au, over the Touch trigger 32 of the control unit 15 is signaled. The control unit 15 immediately stops any axis movements and

aborts the positioning process.

With the device according to the invention it is achieved that the positioning of a tooth gap to the grinding body in a short Time and high precision can be performed. The device is especially for relatively large gears of Preliminary, as with increasing gear diameters, the visual contact from the operator to the tooth gap decreases. Further advantages result from the fact that with the device, the number of teeth and the concentricity of the gear after the Clamping on the rotary table can be checked.

Claims (4)

1. A device for automatically positioning a tooth gap of a toothed wheel to a machining tool of a gear processing machine, preferably a Teilwälzverfahren gear grinding machine with a biconical grinding body, wherein the gear is clamped on a provided with a rotary table carriage and the rotational and translational movement of the gear and the radial Positioning movement of the machining tool to the gear position-appropriate electronic drives, characterized characterized that a double cone grinding body (5) centered and the gear (2) directed Einlücksensor (6) with two output voltages (Ulf, U _rf ) is connected upstream of a differential amplifier (17) whose differential voltage (AU) _a n a rectifier (31), a memory (35) and a center controller (30) is present, - That at the output of the rectifier (31) in parallel arrangement, a trigger (32) and a trigger (33) are arranged downstream, the trigger (32) on the input side and the trigger (33) input and output connected to the control unit (15) are, - That at the memory (35) on the input side, a measuring system (27) and the control unit (15) is applied and at the output of the memory (35) an evaluation unit (34) is present, the input and output side connected to the control unit (15), - That the output of the center controller (30) at one to the output of a setpoint generator (18) connected to adder (37) is applied and the center controller (30) has an input of the control unit (15). 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the adder (37) between the setpoint generator (18) and the controller (21) is arranged. 3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit (15) on the input and output side with the setpoint generators (18; 19; 20; 25) is connected. 4. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the output of the Einlücksensors (6) has an opposite polarity.