DD268971A1 - MEANS FOR COLD-CLEAN MILITARY LARGE TECHNOLOGY UNDER FIELD-COMPATIBLE CONDITIONS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention includes a means for cold cleaning of military large technology under Feldmaessigen conditions. The inventive composition consists of 70 to 95 parts of a hydrocarbon fraction having a boiling range of 220 to 320C, 1 to 5 parts of a nonionic surfactant (alkyl or alkylaryl polyethylene), 2 to 30 parts of an anionic surfactant (alkylammonium salt of an alkane or alkylarylsulfonic acid) and 1 to 5 Parts of an alkanol having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, wherein the anionic surfactant to 50 wt .-% may be replaced by a technical Biolipidextrakt and the ratio of nonionic surfactants to the anionic surfactants is 1: 2 to 1: 6. With the means, it is possible reliably to purify military large-scale techniques under field conditions of oily and at the same time hydrous greases in admixture with oil cokes, earthy components and corrosion products of the metals with cold water under moderate pressure.

Description

Field of application of the invention The invention relates to a means for cleaning large military technology under field conditions, which is also effective,

when thicker layers of oily and at the same time hydrous greasing mixed with oil coke, earthy components and

Corrosion products of the metals occur together and be removed with cold water under moderate pressure

have to.

In particular, soiling of the type mentioned on thermally stressed parts of off-road military technology,

such as on engines, engine compartments and machine elements.

Characteristic of the bel.arinten technical solutions The cleaning heavily soiled military large-scale technology, z. El. Motors, engine compartments and machine elements Terrain use, then presents difficulties when thicker layers are present, the more common in use

chemical agents, such as diesel fuel and chlorohydrocarbons, can only be removed with considerable mechanical effort. At the same time, such layers contain, in addition to inorganic constituents, greasy substances which are added to the

Ingress of aqueous cleaning solutions oppose resistance, as / clay-containing sludge crusts, metal soaps and

resinified oils that prevent the penetration of organic solvents.

It is known from SU-UR 723359 to carry out the cleaning of internal combustion engines in two steps. Come here

First, a diesel fuel containing 1 to 15% of surfactant, and then an aqueous solution with 0.1 to 0.5% Tensidanteilsie and a 0.1 to 0.5% alkaline electrolyte solution with hydrophilizing and corrosion-inhibiting effect

Application. As a result, first a "swelling" of the pollution is followed by an emulsification in the aqueous Cleaning solution achieved. The hydrophilization of the surface should prevent oil spills. According to DE-OS 2340112 hydrocarbon fractions are also used in which in support of Cleaning action cationic or nonionic surfactants are included. However, these funds largely fail when water-containing systems with the oil and grease-like soils

sandy and clay-containing components, metal oxides and metal soaps are mixed. In these cases, the

Penetration speed of the organic solvent extremely reduced and comes through training of Gelstruktursn the surfactants used with aqueous and oily fractions at the interfaces completely to a standstill. From AU-PS 244486 is known that with chlorinated hydrocarbons with a share up to ü% suspended water

with the addition of a cationic surfactant at boiling temperatures, a purification is also possible in the abovementioned cases. This process eliminates the need to operate at boiling temperatures for both field effect conditions due to the toxic effect of chlorinated hydrocarbons and the need to operate at boiling temperatures.

Furthermore, it is known from GB-PS 1081432, for the removal of dirt-penetrated wax layers on metal and Paint surfaces to melt the wax layer by infrared radiators, by spraying kerosene odor paraffin oils to

and emulsify this solution by high pressure spraying an aqueous solution containing 11 to 15% by weight of nonionic surfactant and to 5% by weight of alkali carrier. The nonionic surfactant may also be applied together with solvents. The recommended temperature for the high-pressure cleaning solution is 80 ° C.

This process requires a lot of energy to heat the surface and a high energy and detergent solution requirement

through the use of high pressure spray. It can therefore only be carried out in specially equipped workshops.

Object of the invention

The object of the invention is the development of a means with which under field conditions, i. H. can be cleaned in a short time without the use of stationary washing systems, without additional heat energy, with economical use of the agent even with small amounts of water and low use of mechanical energy, engine compartments and thermally contaminated oil-encrusted machine parts military technology. The oil-containing dirt crusts can be mixed with water-containing sand, clay and clay components at the same time, form tough greases and contain ölkoks unc Korrosicnsprodukte the metals.

Explanation of the nature of the invention

The object of the invention is achieved by a means for cold cleaning large military technology under field conditions, which consists according to the invention

70 to 95 parts of a hydrocarbon fraction of the boiling range from 220 to 320 ⁰ C,

From 1 to 5 parts of an alkyl or alkylaryl polyethylene oxide having an alkyl chain length of C ₁₀ to C ₁₈ and a middle one

Degree of oxethylation from 8 to 15,

2 to 30 parts of an alkylammonium salt of an alkanesulfonic acid or alkylarylsulfonic acid having an alkyl chain length

from Cio to Cig, wherein the cation consists of amines in the chain length range of C ₂ to C ₇ and wherein up to 50% by mass, preferably 10 b'S 35% by mass, of the amount of anionic surfactants by a Biolipidextrakt, as in the Processing the biomass of protein recovery processes derived from petroleum products, can be replaced. 1 to 5 parts of an alkanol having 3 to 4 carbon atoms.

The ratio of nonionic surfactants to anionic surfactants including biolipid extract is according to the invention 1: 2 to 1: 6. The amines in the chain length range of C ₂ to C ₇ preferably consist of diethylamine, n-propylamine, i-propylamine, n-butylamine, i-butylamine or 2-aminobutane.

The use of a part of the anionic surfactants by a biolipid extract, as obtained in processes of protein extraction from petroleum products, leads to an increase in the water absorption capacity of the clear detergent solution to emulsification. As a result, in particular in the case of wet and at the same time greasy soil crusts, the penetration rate of the composition according to the invention is increased.

The clear solution obtained when mixing the components is applied to the soiled parts, and after a period of exposure of 10 to 20 minutes, rinsed with water. If, in the case of particularly heavy soiling, the cleaning effect at individual points is not sufficient, the procedure can be repeated here directly on the wet surface. At the Aufprnlldruck and the temperature of the water no special requirements are made. Cold water and moderate tap water pressure (0.05 to 0.5 MPa) are sufficient.

The cleaner according to the invention also ponetriert by such dirt layers, the metal soaps - formed by corrosion products and anoxydierte fats - and / or interspersed with fat containing water-containing clay minerals. Known disadvantages of the prior art are avoided. For example, according to the prior art fat-dissolving organic liquids are prevented from penetrating through the water-containing layers and aqueous cleaning solutions by the fibers. The organic solvents known for engine cleaning with additions of nonionic surfactants form gel structures on the water-containing dirt layers, which severely hinder the penetration of such cleaners. Surfactant anionic surfactants leads to solutions that have insufficient water absorption capacity. To increase this by adding alkanolone, additional amounts are necessary, which greatly reduce the dissolving power for thermally stressed oil layers. To the environment of these difficulties, the application of oil and grease-dissolving liquids at higher temperatures to boiling heat, the preheating of the Teilo to be cleaned and the use of high pressure spray with pressures up to 100MPa in the temperature range around 8O ⁰ C applied in known technical solutions. These technologies can not be applied under field conditions. They are tied to facilities of workshops, have a high energy demand and use partly toxic organic solvents, which make special devices of health and environmental protection required.

On the other hand, the mim I according to the invention has a high fuming capacity even at low temperatures and, when cold water is used under moderate pressure, leads to a dispersion and detachment of the oily smelting cereals.

· Embodiment "

example 1

Engine compartment and engine block of a truck used in loess terrain are mixed with 500 ml of a mixture of 12 parts of diethylammonium salt of alkanesulfonic acids of the alkane chain length C _{) o} to C ₁ S,

3 parts of fatty alcohol polyethylene oxide having an alkyl chain length of C ₁₂ to C ₁₈ UnG having a moderate degree of oxyethylation of 9,

4 parts i-propanol and 81 parts light oil Rf

sprayed. After an action period of 10 minutes a temperature of 12 ⁰ C are dispersed the dissolved oil and soil crusts and rinsed with a jet of O, 5MPaDruckund. The cleaning effect is sufficient with a single treatment.

ft

Example 2 The engine block of an off-road armored vehicle is filled with 750 ml of a mixture of

10 parts of diethylammonium salt of alkanesulfonic acids of the alkane chain length C ₁₀ to Cig,

S parts fatty alcohol polyethylene oxide having an alkyl chain length of Cu to Cig and a mean Oxethylierur.gsgrad of 10,

5 parts of biolipid extract,

2.5 parts n-butanol and 77.8 parts wash petroleum

sprayed. After 15min INTERACTING ngsdauer is rinsed off with a water jet moderate pressure and at a temperature of 10 ⁰ C of the engine block. In hard-to-reach places, treatment with 150ml of the mixture is repeated immediately afterwards. The engine block is thus freed of all oil and dirt crusts.

Example 3 The engine pan of an armored vehicle, which after removal of the engine extremely heavy pollution in the form of crusts

and tendons is mixed with 2I of a mixture of

10 parts of the diethylammonium alkyl benzene sulphonic acid with an alkyl chain length of C ₁₀ to C _14, 5 parts of alkylphenol polyethylene oxide with an alkyl chain length of C ₈ to C _t2 and an average of 10.5 parts Oxethyiierungsgrad Biolipidextrakt,

3 parts of n-butdnol and 77 parts of washing petroleum

sprayed. After a contact time of 20min the loosened dirt crusts are rinsed and dispersed with a water jet of 15 ^C C and 0.4 MPa pressure. A second treatment with a total of 200ml cold cleaner is only required in a few hard to reach places.

L-

Claims (2)

1. means for cold cleaning military technology under field conditions, characterized dadurch.daß it off 70 to 95 parts of a hydrocarbon fraction of the boiling range from 220 to 320 ⁰ C, 1 to 5 parts of an alkyl or alkylaryl polyethylene oxide having an alkyl chain length of C ₁₀ to C ₁₈ and a mean degree of oxyethylation of 8 to 15. 2 to 30 parts of an alkylammonium salt of an alkanesulfonic acid or alkylarylsulfonic acid having an alkyl chain length of C ₁₀ to C ₁₈ , wherein the cation consists of amines in the chain length range of C ₂ to C ₇ and wherein up to 50 wt .-%, preferably 10 to 35 wt .-%, of the amount of anionic surfactants by a Biolipidextrakt , as it can be replaced in the processing of the biomass of protein recovery processes from petroleum products, and can be replaced
1 to 5 parts of an alkanol with 3 to 4 carbon atoms while the ratio of nonionic surfactants to anionic surfactants is 1: 2 to 1: 6. 2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that is used as the amine in the chain length range of C ₂ to C ₇ preferably diethylamine, n-propylamine, i-propylamine, n-butylamine, i-butylamine or 2-aminobutane.