DD257280A1 - COMBINED CYCLONE SWIVEL LAYER REACTOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a fluidized bed reactor which is used for Waermeentbindung from solid fuels (hard coal, lignite coal, salt, agricultural and forestry waste, petroleum coke, oil slate, etc.) and for heat transfer to water / steam, thermal oil or gaseous heat carrier. The reactor is equipped with a Duesenboden arranged in the cyclone funnel, on which forms during start-up an only consisting of fuel particles fluidized bed, which supplies after Zuendung with a Zuendlanze the required heat to start the cyclone reactor. Two-stage operation with a sub-electromechanical air ratio within the cyclone combustion chamber allows gasification and gasification of the fuel at low temperature levels. The flammable gases formed in this case then react in an afterburner. The heat content, which in the case of the preferably applied, vertical installation downwardly drained ash, can be used by means of an ash. Fig. 1

Description

For this 2 pages drawings

Field of application of the invention

The invention is preferably applicable to the heat release from solid fuels with low degree of treatment, high humidity and extreme ash content in heat generators, process furnaces and steam generators as well as pilot burner.

Characteristic of the known state of the art

The known technical solutions that enable a reliable ignition and good burnout of ignitable fuels are based on the substoichiometric ignition in pre-combustion chambers or the admission of a rotary flow field (WP No. 234585). You have no fluidized bed combustion device to ensure the ignition heat during startup.

When using ignitable and poorly processed fuel ignition in known technical solutions is not possible.

Known fluidized bed combustors without cyclone reactor pose considerable technical difficulties due to insufficient fine grain burnout and the need for large quantities of inert bed material.

In the known technical solutions, the ash is caused by wear and pollution triggering through the heating surfaces before it is removed by complex technical solutions from the exhaust stream.

They have no direct ash removal from the combustion chamber. The heat of the separated ash from the exhaust stream of the cyclone burner is not used in known technical solutions.

Object of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide a furnace, with the safe ignition and combustion of both normal and problem fuels low degree of preparation and optimal energy utilization with minimal equipment expense is possible.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The invention has for its object to provide a furnace with high ignition reliability and high energy efficiency even for low-value fuels. According to the invention the object is achieved in that a fluidized bed for securing the ignition heat and the coarse grain burnout is generated by using a nozzle plate.

The functionally downstream of the fluidized bed axial cyclone causes a burn-off under significantly increased reaction conditions over other processes in the vertical installation position of the burner.

To ensure the ash removal of the nozzle bottom is frusto-conical. The ignition of the fluidized bed takes place by means of an ignition lance ..

In order to keep the reaction temperature low in slag-difficult fuels, an afterburner is arranged for a two-stage combustion in the exhaust gas stream. The ash removal takes place in the vertically arranged reactor via an opening in the nozzle bottom of the fluidized bed. To avoid heat loss, especially in fuels containing high ash content, an ash cooler is coupled with the combustion air supply.

embodiments

Figure 1: Combined cyclone fluidized bed reactor.

Figure 2: steam / hot water generator with combined cyclone fluidized bed reactor

The combined cyclone fluidized bed reactor as shown in Figure 1 can be used in this form as a pilot burner or as a burner for process furnaces.

When using the subject invention for the steam or hot water production is preferably the explained with Figure 2 arrangement of the Verbrennungsragmes (1) in a provided with water filling (14) pressure vessel (15) to choose. The heat transfer takes place both via the wall of the combustion chamber (1) and via the smoke pipes (17), which open into the flue gas discharge (18). On steam generators a steam discharge (16) is attached. In all embodiments, there is the advantage of the availability of solid fuels with low degree of preparation, high strength and extreme ash content. The technical complexity is very low compared to known solutions.

Claims (6)

ί. Combined cyclone fluidized bed reactor for heat release from solid fuels and for heat transfer to water / steam, thermal oil or other heat transfer media, characterized in that ignition heat and coarse grain burnout are ensured by an integrated fluidized bed combustion device consisting of nozzle plate (2) and fluidized air feed (3), and the further combustion within the centrifugal force field of a cyclone flow preferably takes place in the combustion chamber (1). 2. Combined cyclone fluidized bed reactor according to item 1, characterized in that the fluidized bed is produced in a preferably vertical mounting position of the reactor by means of a frusto-conical nozzle bottom (2). 3. Combined cyclone fluidized bed reactor according to item 1 and 2, characterized in that the fluidized bed by means of a operated with liquid, gaseous or electrical auxiliary energy ignition lance (4) mechanized or automatically ignited. , 4. Combined cyclone fluidized bed reactor according to item 1 to 3, characterized in that for sub-stoichiometric operation, an afterburner (5) in the exhaust pipe (6) is arranged. 5. Combined cyclone fluidized bed reactor according to item 1 to 4, characterized in that at preferably vertical position of the reactor in the nozzle bottom (2) an ash removal opening (7) is attached. 6. Combined cyclone fluidized bed reactor according to item 1 to 5, characterized in that the heat content of the ash is used by an ash cooler (8).