DD254878A1 - MEANS OF INFLUENCING FIELD GROWTH AND PLANT DEVELOPMENT - Google Patents

Abstract

The aim of the invention is to provide agents which advantageously influence the growth and / or the development of plants, in particular of crops and useful plants. These agents should have a different spectrum of activity than CCC, be in the amounts and concentrations not phytotoxic and suitable, for example, for use in agriculture and horticulture. The object is achieved by using glycine conjugates of the general formula I as active compounds in the agents according to the invention.R1R2R1CCONHCH2COR4R3Formel IR1H, alkylR2H, alkyl, arylR3aryl, R5XR4OH, NHCHCOOH R6R5 iso- or heterocyclic radical R6H, alkylXO, S , NYY H, AcylThese are used, for example, to reduce sprouts in various cereals and legumes without adversely affecting other growth and yield parameters. The agents according to the invention can also be used together with other substances, such as growth regulators, phytohormones, crop protection, fertilizer or soil conditioners.

Description

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

For a long time, synthetic substances have been used to influence plant growth and development. These include u.a. synthetic auxins, e.g. 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, which is used in practice as a herbicide, and ethylene-releasing compounds, e.g. 2-chloroethane phosphonic acid, which i.a. is used as a defoliation agent. Other substances have a growth-retarding effect; Chlorocholine chloride (CCC) derived from these as wheat stalk stabilizer of practical importance.

But the substances mentioned are not sufficient in every respect to the high standards in agrochemical practice. For example, a major disadvantage of CCG is its too low spectrum of activity; the effect is almost exclusively limited to wheat. Given in the above Halogenphenoxyessigsäuren given their high phytotoxicity prevents an application to influence the growth of crops.

Also known is the growth-influencing effect of amino acid conjugates of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid on Avenacoleoptile or soybean callus tissue [CHAO-SHIEUNG FEUNG, R.A. MUMMA, R.H. HAMILTON, J. Agr. Food Chem. 22 (2), 307-309 (1974)]; However, an outstanding effect of the glycine conjugate was not found in these studies.

For amino acid conjugates of gibberellic acid (GA ₃ ), e.g. As N-GA ₃ -oyl-glycine and N-GA ₃ -oyl-glycyl-glycine, was even found in studies on dwarf rice, dwarf peas and Salathypokotylen that these conjugates no or compared to the free acid only a very low biological activity cause [G. SEMBDNER, E. BORGMANN, G. SCHNEIDER, HWLIEBISCH, O.MIERSCH, G.ADAM, M. LISCHEWSKI, K. SCHREIBER, Planta (Berl.) 132, 249-257 (1974)].

Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is the rationalization and intensification of crop production, in particular increase and stabilization of crop yields, by providing such agents which advantageously influence the growth and / or development of plants, in particular of crops and useful plants, and their active ingredients for simple and economical Procedure can be illustrated.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The invention is therefore based on the object to develop agents that have a different spectrum of activity than CCC, in the amounts and concentrations are not phytotoxic and thus can be used in agriculture and horticulture potentially.

Surprisingly, we have now found that the glycine conjugates of acids of general formula I influence the growth and development of plants particularly strong.

rL (J CO-NH-CH ₂ -CO-R ⁴ _{Form 8II}

R ³

Standing there

R ^{1 is} hydrogen or a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, R ^{2 is} hydrogen or a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or

for an aryl group, preferably an unsubstituted or a mono-, di- or polysubstituted phenyl group, R ^{3 is} an aryl group, preferably an unsubstituted or a mono-, di- or polysubstituted phenyl group, or for a group R ⁵ -X-, where

R ^{5 represents} an unsubstituted or substituted iso- or heterocyclic radical and

X represents oxygen, sulfur or NY (with Y = H or acyl), and R ^{4 represents} the hydroxyl group or an α-amino acid residue-NH-CH-COOH, wherein

k ^e

R ^{6 is} hydrogen or a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, which may also be

may be substituted by a phenyl group or a carboxyl group. The salts of these compounds, for example the alkali metal salts, are also effective. Specific examples of active ingredients in the compositions according to the invention are:

Mp.

(1) N- (2-mesityl-2-phenyl-acetyl) -glycine 168-170 ⁰ C.

(2) N- (2,2-diphenylacetyl) glycine 152-154 ⁰ C.

(3) N- (2,2-diphenylacetyl) -glycylglycin 198-200 ⁰ C (Z).

(4) N- (2,2-diphenylacetyl) -glycyl-L-α-alanine 140-142 ° C

(5) N- (2,2-diphenylacetyl) -glycyl-L-leucine 143-145 ° C

(6) N- (2,2-Di-p-chlorophenyl-acetyl) -glycine 152-154 ⁰ C.

(7) N- (4-Chlorphenoxyisobutyryl) -glycine 57-59 ⁰ C

(8) N- (4-chlorophenoxyisobutyryl) -glycyl-L-leucine 66-7O ⁰ C

The compounds of general formula I are z.T. New. They can be represented by known methods. The agents according to the invention have potential significance as effectors of plant growth and development for various areas of plant production. Thus, for example, the growth in length of cereal plants (eg wheat, rye, barley) but also of dicotyledonous crops (eg peas) is reduced. If the agents according to the invention are applied to the plants in a suitable, usually early stage of development, the shoot is shortened and thus stabilized, without further growth and yield parameters being adversely affected. The agents according to the invention are therefore suitable as retardants.

In addition, for certain active ingredients, depending on dosage, application time and mode of application, a practically significant influence various growth and development processes possible, such. B. Seitentriebhemmung or promotion, u.a. by altering apicaidin dominance, abscission and siccation as well as regulation of flower formation, maturation and / or sex determination. Other representatives may act as specific herbicides that attack at the regulatory level.

In addition, the agents of the invention can be combined in their use with known growth regulators, such as CCC, dimethylmorpholinium chloride (DMC), chloroethane phosphonic acids, plant hormones, but also with fertilizers, crop protection or soil conditioners. By additive or synergistic effect of the individual components there are advantages in terms of application and / or range of action.

It is crucial for optimum effectiveness of the agents according to the invention that the underlying active ingredients are combined with suitable dispersants or carriers in order to ensure maximum penetration into the plant body. Accordingly, the compositions according to the invention may be present as liquid preparations, for example in the form of aqueous dispersions or emulsions containing at least one active component of the formula I in the presence of one or more surface-active agents. To prepare the solutions, dispersions or emulsions of the active ingredient, water or organic liquids can be used.

The compositions of the invention may also be present as solid preparations in the form of dusts, granules or tablets, the active ingredient being mixed with a solid diluent or carrier. However, solid preparations may also be dispersible powders or granules which, in addition to the active ingredient, contain a wetting agent in order to facilitate the dispersion of the powders or granules in liquids. Such powders or granules may include fillers, suspending agents or the like.

The active compounds can be used as such, in the form of their formulations or the preparation forms prepared therefrom or their mixtures with further components in customary manner, e.g. by pouring, spraying, spraying or dusting on the plants, on plant parts or in the habitat of the plants.

The drug concentrations can be varied within a substantial range. The required optimal application rates of the active ingredients in the compositions according to the invention vary depending on the plant species and variety, active ingredient component or combination, and depending on the application and time of application and differ in the range of 0.1-10 kg / ha, but are in general at 1-4kg / ha.

Exemplary embodiments

The invention will be explained in more detail by the following examples.

Example 1: Growth inhibition in cereal plants

The test plants were grown in plastic cups with a volume of about 350cm ³ . The substrate used was quartz sand to which water and nutrients had been added (350 g each of quartz sand, 40 ml of H ₂ 0.113 mg of NH ₄ NO ₃ , 118 mg of KCl, 51 mg of MgSO ₄ × 7 H _2, 0.111 mg of CaHPO ₄ χ 2 H ₂ O). , Per vessel, 30 grains were used for sowing. Cultivation took place in phytotron at 18 ° C under long-day conditions (16 hrs light). After unfolding the first leaf, the plants were sprayed with a 10 ~ ² m aqueous solution of active ingredient. About 10 days after the application, the evaluation was carried out. By measuring the leaf sheaths of the first and second leaves ("pseudo-gel"), the height of growth of the plants was determined and examples of active substances are given in Tables 1 and 2.

Table 1: Growth inhibition in young cereal plants

Active ingredient (10 " ² m)

Wheat ¹¹

relative length growth (untreated control = 100%) rye ²¹

Barley ³¹

N- (2,2-diphenylacetyl) -glycine. 35%

2,2-Diphenylacetic acid 88% Known ingredients:

CCC 64%

Camposan -

61% 100%

70%

69% 100%

100%

1 summer wheat, cv. , Carola ';

2 summer rye, cv. , Petka ';

3 spring barley, cv. Nadja '

Table 2: Growth inhibition in barley plants (winter barley, cv., Vogelsanger Gold ')

active substance

relative length growth (untreated control = 100%)

Camposan

(known active ingredient)

81% 59% 75% 69% 81%

Example 2: Growth inhibition in pea plants

The test plants were grown in plastic cups with a volume of about 350cm ³ . The substrate used was quartz sand to which a nutrient solution had been added (each shell: 350 g of quartz sand, 40 ml of a 0.3% solution of whey). From the cultivar cv. "Meteor" came after two days pre-germination 6 peas per vessel for sowing. They were cultivated further in the phytotron at 25 ° C. under long-day conditions (16 h light). The application of the aqueous solutions of the active ingredient concentrations of 5 x 10 "" ² m, 1 χ 10 ~ ² m and 5 χ 10 ^"3 m was carried out after about one week. Figures 1 and the plants 2Display 13Tage after treatment.

The new active ingredient N- (2,2-diphenylacetyl) -glycine caused, depending on the concentration, a different degree of compression of the plants, which was accompanied by a change in the position of the leaves and other morphological effects. The

Substance is effective in a relatively broad concentration range. High doses (from 5 x 10 ~ ² m) cause phytotoxic side effects.

Explanations to the pictures:

Vessel 1 untreated control

Vessel2 1 χ 10 ~ ² m Camposan (known active substance)

Vessel 3 5 χ 10 " ² m active ingredient

Χ vessel 4 1 10 ~ ² m agent

Vessel 5 5 × 10 ^-3 m active substance Characterization of the treated plants:

Vessel 2 compressed sprout, reduced and z. B. dried leaves, phytotoxic side effects vascular 3 plants dead, no more green leaves present

Vessel 4 Sprouts compressed, relatively dense leaf position, reduced leaves, flower buds not fully formed at the end of the shoot. Vessel 5 compressed sprout, otherwise no habitual changes

Example 3:

Growth inhibition in pea plants

Pea seeds of the variety "Meteor" was pre-germinated in moist sawdust 4d at 26 ... 28 ⁰ C. The thus relied seedlings were placed in a 0.2% Wopil broth and further cultivated at 24 ° C under continuous red light. After 3 days was the nutrient solution, the active ingredient added in specified concentration and measured after a further 6 days, the shoot length of the pea plants.

The following table shows the effect of N- (2,2-diphenylacetyl) -glycine.

Drug concentration rel. shoot elongation

in the nutrient solution (control = 100)

1 x 10 ~ ³ m 86.3 + 7.1 ^{+ l}

1 x 10 " ⁴ m 90.1 ± 5.1 ⁺⁾

Confidence limits at α = 5%

Claims (7)

1. A composition for influencing plant growth and plant development, which comprises compounds of the general formula I B ¹ _C - CG-Mi-CH ₀ -CO-S ⁴ _ .. ι _, d formula I R ¹ = hydrogen or a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, R ² = hydrogen or a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an aryl group, preferably an unsubstituted or a mono-, di- or polysubstituted phenyl group,
R ³ = an aryl group, preferably an unsubstituted or a mono-, di- or polysubstituted phenyl group, or a group R ⁵ -X-, where R ^{5 is} an unsubstituted or substituted iso- or heterocyclic radical, X is oxygen, sulfur or NY and Y is hydrogen or acyl mean, R ⁴ = hydroxyl group or an a-amino acid residue-NH-CH-COOH, wherein R ⁶ R ^{6 is} hydrogen or a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, which is optionally substituted by a phenyl group or a Carboxyl group is substituted,
or their salts in addition to conventional additives. 2. Composition according to item 1, characterized in that they are used to regulate the elongation of crops. 3. Means according to item 1 and 2, characterized in that they are used for retarding the length growth or to increase the stability of grain hives. 4. Means according to item 1 and 2, characterized in that they are used to influence the habit of higher plants, such as legumes. 5. Compositions according to items 1 to 4, characterized in that they are used together with liquid or solid diluents or diluents and / or surfactants. 6. Composition according to one of the items 1 to 5, characterized in that it is in aqueous solution, which is stabilized by conventional dispersants, at a rate of 0.1-10kg / ha, preferably 1-4kg / ha, on plants in one suitable stage of development or on plant parts or in the habitat of the plants. 7. Compositions according to items 1 to 6, characterized in that they are used together with other substances, such as growth regulators (eg., CCC, DMC or 2-Chloräthanphosphonsäure), phytohormones, pesticides, inorganic or organic fertilizers and / or soil conditioners , For this 2 pages drawings
Field of application of the invention The invention relates to agents for influencing plant growth and plant development on the basis of glycine conjugates of various acids. Of interest are such funds, for example, for agriculture and horticulture.