DD247935A1 - METHOD FOR PRODUCING STORAGE AND FUEL SEALS STORAGE LIMITS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is applicable to the production of reduced-cost constructions in road and civil engineering as well as for technologically simple constructions in building construction including concrete goods with low Waermedaemm- or high tightness requirements. Goal and task consist in the extension of the field of application of power plant dry bags or in the complete substitution of conventional binders. Geloest the task is that a support framework made of poreinfreien rock of a grain size of greater than 4 mm, moistened, then continuously with a water-ash suspension or sheared out and finally kept moist until the suspension is reached.

Description

Field of application of the invention

The invention is applicable to the production of low-cost constructions in road and civil engineering as well as for technologically simple constructions in building construction including concrete goods with low thermal insulation, but high tightness requirements.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

Constructive rock slurries using binders and aggregates are known from the literature. These include the technologically complex cement-gravel-wearing / covering layers, which requires the preparation of a cement mortar and subsequent introduction and intensive compression of this cement mortar in a prepared storage-favorable cleaned ballast bed. Despite intensive compaction and use of an expensive broken aggregate, such as gravel, it is usually not possible to fill all aggregate cluster spores with cement mortar, which manifests itself in the fact that the lower part of the gravel construction layer is not filled with cement mortar and in the upper part and not complete all gravel fragments are covered with cement mortar.

A rock construction of preferably broken grain-graded rock and fine brown coal filter ash is known as a modified mineral concrete from the patent literature according to WP 2000992.

However, the production is limited to the use of a non-hydraulic fine-grained lignite filter ash, which is produced together with the aggregate in stationary or mobile mixing plants on the principle of densest storage and then distributed after transport to the installation site with paver, flat excavator or by hand as a mix. In principle, this mix can only be compacted with vibrating machines, preferably vibrating rollers, whereby 4 compaction transitions are required until the setpoint is reached, and a subsequent smoothing of the surface with static rollers in 2 transitions is necessary as aftertreatment. Despite the aforementioned high technological expenses, a non-cohesive construction layer is achieved, which does not do justice to the production target position - densest storage - since the project-specific ash application is not even enough to fill all aggregate hover spores without bulk in the bulk state.

Object of the invention

With the invention of the material-economical, technological and time required for the production of dense constructions in road and civil engineering, in building construction and for the production of concrete products in prefabrication can be reduced. In addition, the invention should be starting basis for new applications.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

According to the objective, there is a problem in a cost-reduced full substitution of binders and / or fine-grained pore fillers by suitable fine-grained dry ashes incurred in power plants for ballast layers / cover layers and other construction solutions in road and civil engineering and concrete elements with a coarse aggregate scaffold, said other scaffolds made of solid, dense and cheap aggregates can be used.

The solution to the problem is that a homogeneous ash-water suspension is slurried continuously or batchwise into a prepared rock support structure with a grain size greater than 4mm, which has been dense after dense storage, until complete filling of the cavities with ash solid subassembly, which is kept moist until reaching the suspension binding (water retention capacity).

The suspension is prepared by intensive mixing of water and ash, which is poured into the water. As a minimum water requirement here is an amount of water to be considered, which corresponds to the water absorption of ash as cohesive water (amount of water corresponding to the free cavity porosity of the ash in bulk), the determination of the minimum water requirement such that a defined amount of fine-grained ash in a defined amount of water drips After about 5 minutes (after ash sedimentation in the water) the excess free, not bound by the ash water is determined and deducted from the defined total amount of water and the calculated difference is taken into account as minimum water demand.

A suspension production from an amount of water that is above the minimum water requirement, is possible and in warm, dry weather and / or water-permeable substrates or limitations required. The limit for the amount of water used to make the suspension is:

Minimum water requirement: £ amount of suspended water ^ 2x minimum water demand.

If effort-minimized low-binder rock slurries are produced instead of a modified mineral concrete, then ashes with the following criteria can be used:

Character of the ashes: corresponding to a low-grade, weakly cohesive, lean ready-mix mortar which, as a suspension with minimum water requirement after optimal hardening, gives a crack-free body (prism 4 χ 4 χ 16) with water resistance,

- Minimum water requirement: <1,0 x the ash mass

- WasserdurchlässigkeitsendwertlKp value according Darcy) of a cured body produced from suspension: <10 ~ ⁵

- Grain size:> 70Ma .-% mitd <0.09mm.

If cost-reduced cohesive, dense and stable rock slag are required for road and civil engineering as well as for building construction and for the production of dense concrete goods, then the ashes to be used must meet the following criteria:

- Character of the ashes: according to a cohesive, extremely fine-grained ready-mixed mortar, which as a suspension with minimum water requirement after optimal final curing a solid crack-free body (prism 4 χ 4 χ 16 with compressive strength of > 5 N / mm ² ) water resistance results

- Minimum water requirement: <0.9 χ of ash mass

- water permeability end value (Darcy Kp value) of a cured body made from suspension: <10 " ⁷ (<10 ~ ⁸ for rock slurry)

- Grain size:> 70Ma .-% mitd <0.09mm

- CaO content:> 16Ma .-%

The invention provides the following advantages:

- Use of an effort-reduced simple technology for the realization of the principle of the densest storage with high structural density (maximum carrying capacity).

- Optimum water content depending on the type of ash and of Arakrakteristik is hedged in any case.

- Long-term negative reactions and adverse effects, such as sources, driving, solving, etc., are avoided or minimized by initiation of all ash-water reactions and thus complete completion of all mineral chemical conversion reactions by suspension formation.

- By using non-impermeable water-impermeable aggregates, such as pebbles, gravel, chippings and coarse impact, water-impermeable rock structures with analogous properties such as bitumen can be produced by using well water-impermeable ashes (well-grouted after final hardening) Waterproofing measures in civil engineering, waterproof concrete products and waterproofing measures in buildings).

- Favorable conditions are given for remedial measures with simple technology of slab-made constructions by reslurrying with the same ash suspension.

Slurry slightly harmful ash constituents, such. B. Unburned from the ashes to the surface (this does not result in any damaging long-term effects due to such components).

embodiment

Based on 2 examples from the structural use of the invention will be explained in more detail.

Example 1:

Replacement of a construction made of modified mineral concrete with high technological costs through a minimized effort of rock slurry with the same ashes.

Modified mineral concrete is produced with the following type formula for 1 m ³ fresh concrete:

- 1 914kg broken aggregate

- 286kg lignite filter ash with a bulk density of 1.2kg / i

- 1321 water

Taking into account an average aggregate density of 2.7 g / cm ³ , an aggregate input of 1914 kg / m ³ results in a free pore space of about 30% by volume. If the principle of densest storage were to be achieved, then the pore space would have to be filled at least with uncompacted ash, which means that> 360 kg of ash (0.3 × 1 000 × 1.2 = 360) would have to be used per m ^{3 of} fresh concrete. This is not achieved because too little addition of water does not allow the principle of densest storage due to the high Komreibungsbeiwertes the ash-water mixture.

If the same ash is slurried as a suspension into a prepared rock bed of> 4mm grains, the principle of densest storage is realized and all mineral chemical reactions initiated and brought to an end, which also has a positive effect on the tightness.

A composition of fresh rock slurry with respect to a m ³ then looks like this:

- 1 914 kg aggregate with> 4 mm grain diameter

3001 suspension - 360 kg lignite filter ash in a bulk density of 1.2 kg / l

- 1801 water.

The porosity of the rock slurry is therefore lower than the porosity of the costly produced mineral concrete by more than 6% by volume, with the pore space being more uniform in the rock slurry and microporosity having a water-repellent character.

Example 2:

Production of a highly water-repellent road construction as single-stage rock slurry.

On a prepared, relatively impermeable planum in chilly, damp weather, a chippings amount of grit size 11 to 32 mm in a layer height of 20cm is introduced within a prepared formwork and distributed taking into account the prescribed lateral and longitudinal tilt. After distribution, the amount of chippings is approx. 1 900kg / m ^{3 of} roadbed. A high-strength ash whose mortar strength after optimum production and storage at a minimum water requirement of 0.6 parts by weight of water, based on one part by weight of ash (bulk density 1 kg / l), is 7.5N / mm ² and whose final water impermeability value is 10 ~ ⁸ , is stirred with said minimum water requirement to a suspension by means of truck mixer and poured onto the prepared chip bed (about 300I suspension of 300 kg of ash + 1801 water per m ³ ) until all the pores are filled and yet a sufficient surface roughness is secured. After final curing (28-56 days), the rock slurry has properties such as high load-bearing capacity, good abrasion resistance, high water impermeability (K _F value: <10 ~ ⁹ ) and high resistance, analogous to a high-quality bituminous concrete (black cover).

Claims (7)

Invention claim: 1. A process for the preparation of storage and Gefügedichten rock sludges, characterized in that a scaffold of pore-free rock and a grain size greater than 4 mm is constructed, then the same is moistened with water until complete removal of adhering contaminants, then the free cavity of the Scaffold is continuously or intermittently purged with a homogeneous suspension of water-ash and finally that until the suspension bindings, the rock slag thus prepared are kept moist. 2. The method according to item 1, characterized in that the rock scaffold is poured from grit, gravel, pebble or coarse impact. 3. The method according to item!, Characterized in that the rock frame is made of paving stones. 4. The method according to item 1, characterized in that the water-ash suspension is prepared by stirring Aschein water. 5. The method according to item 4, characterized in that the water quantity of the water-ash suspension of the order of magnitude Minimum entitlement <amount of water <2 times the minimum water claim is selected, the minimum water claim as the cohesive water of the water absorption of the ash, poured into water, corresponds. 6. The method according to item 1, characterized in that ashes with the following criteria are used for inferior rock slag in road construction and civil engineering: Test specimen (prism 4 × 4 × 16, from water-ash suspension with Minimum water claim amount poured and optimally cured: crack-free, water-resistant Minimum water requirement: <1.0 χ of the ash mass Ultimate water permeability (Darcy Kp value) of a cured suspension-made body: <10 ~ ⁵ Particle size:> 70% by mass and <0.09 mm 7. The method according to item 1, characterized in that for high quality cohesive rock slurries concrete character ashes with the following criteria Test specimen (4 χ 4 χ 16, from water-ash suspension with Minimum water requirement poured and optimally cured: firm, crack-free, water-resistant, pressure resistance> 5N / mm ² Minimum water requirement: <0.9 χ of the ash mass Ultimate water permeability (Darcy Kp value) of a cured body prepared from suspension: <10 ~ ⁷ (<10 ~ ⁸ for rock slurry) Grain size:> 70Ma .-% mitd <0.09mm CaO content:> 16Ma .-% be used.