DD245001A1 - PROCESS FOR MAKING MAESSER BASE SEALS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of Gewaessergrundabdichtungen, wherein the Gewaessergrund is to be sealed by means of brown coal filter ash so that without aftertreatment a gefuegedichte construction. This is achieved according to the invention in that a water-ash suspension having a water-ash factor (mass ratio) of 0.4 to 1 with subsequent addition and mixing of a water-binding, the density and stability affecting substance with or without Erhaertungseigenschaften on the Gewaessergrund in amounts of 0-50 Ma .-% is applied.

Description

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a method for water base seal, wherein on the bottom of the water a layer consisting of ash is applied.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

For sealing of waters, it is known to drain the water and apply different materials to the ground. The materials used are concrete, asphalt, foils, bituminous emulsion, clay, loam, ashes and other cohesive substances. The introduction of the sealing materials is carried out by suitable machine complexes, which move on the dried-up river bottom.

The disadvantage of the known materials is their low resistance and easy destructibility (e.g., films of all kinds), as well as the high cost of materials and manufacturing costs (bitumen emulsion, concrete, asphalt).

The sealing of waters by means of ashes has also not yet been successful, because by incorrect application and not reaching full binding (tightness) and subsequent microstructural defects no sufficient sealing effect was achieved.

A method is known for sealing ponds by means of mining material obtained by means of waterproofing.

This is done after the clearing, planing and compaction of the pond bottom in drained waters, the flooding of the pond, the suspension of the sealing material and a protective layer of suitable Erdmaterial ien applied (DD-PS 106213). The disadvantages of this method are due to the constructional and apparatus complexity of the water base preparation and the sputtering. Furthermore, the process is inefficient and uneconomical due to its complexity and tedium.

Also known is a method for waterproofing, wherein the sealing material is sprinkled either directly to the water level in the dry state or poured as a thinly mixed slurry on the water level or introduced under the water. Here, the process of natural self-seal of waters by sediment deposition is deliberately exploited. The sealing material used is a clay flour or bentonite cement mixture in a ratio of 1: 1 (DE-AS 1817606).

The disadvantages of the method are:

- Use of clay flour requires mining extraction with downstream treatment (high effort).

- Cement represents a high-quality economic product whose production is very expensive (no waste product).

- During the specified settling process, most of the hydraulic reactions of the cement are lost, resulting in relatively high K values (K = Darcy permeability coefficient).

- Elaborate multi-layer construction.

- The introduced sealing layer has cracks because large cement systems require expansion and working joints due to the Schwinderhärtung.

- These cracks have more large water impermeability.

- Clay powder is used as Feinstzuschiagstoff and does not form the required tightness as a mixture with cement.

- The Einbringungstechnologie requires elaborate Speziaivorrichtungen and represent an unjustifiable solution. Furthermore, a method for sealing reservoirs, dams, dykes and the like. Known, applied to the surface to be sealed a Geme.nge of granulated, hydraulically set ash and dust-like filter ash and the filter ash is added to water immediately before or during the preparation of the batch and when it is applied to the surface to be sealed. - "

A layered introduction is possible, wherein the filter ash is washed into the granule interspaces (DD-PS 48533). ''

The disadvantages of this method are:

- The handling inevitably leads to the formation of lumps (no homogeneous structure of the structure) and further later water contact to parallel structural defects (basically: do not add water to the dry ash, otherwise large grain formation with subsequent driver phenomena).

- The sealing layer thus constructed already has a barely sealing effect in its initial form and only negligible mechanical resistance.

- Sealant layer has thixotropic properties.

- Environmental pollution by dust.

Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is a simple, economical and effective aquifer bottom seal.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The invention has for its object to seal the body of water by means of brown coal faiiteraschen so that without aftertreatment results in a gefügedichte construction.

This is achieved in that according to the invention on the bottom of a water-ash suspension with a water-ash factor (mass ratio) of 0.4 to 1 with subsequent addition and mixing of a water-binding, the density and stability affecting substance in amounts of 0 -50 M% is applied.

embodiment

The detailed explanation of the invention is based on four embodiments.

Example 1:

There is the sealing of a Erdbeeckens, preferably fish pond, which must grout with a sealing material of low sealing thickness and a water impermeability value of KS = 10 ~ ⁹ . In suitable containers separate einmataktive cohesive dry ash and less active dry ash with excess water are silted by sedimentation.

After two days, the water excess above the mass formed is removed. The production of the sealing material takes place with weight ratios

Mass of active cohesive dry ash.

Mass of less cohesive dry ash and

Dry addition of the less cohesive dry ash of 1: 1, 5: 1 in a forced mixing plant.

The introduction of a 5cm thick sealing layer vertically and horizontally to the resulting ash-ash construction is carried out according to traditional incorporation technology for plastic cement concrete.

The sealing layer thus prepared has a Wasserundurchlässigkeitswert of K = 10 ~ ⁹ and, via a strength of> 7 MPa.

The fish stocking takes place after a pH adjustment of <8.5; It is expedient to carry out a rinsing process beforehand.

The addition of a dewaterable material (e.g., dry ash), with or without its own reactions, results in densification of the active ingredients of the water-ash suspension (more effective reactions by less excess water), increasing the storage density of the system, and increasing tightness Water reservoir is protected by the drainable substance for the active suspension ingredients.

Example 2:

Sealing of a fishpond against leachate loss with lowering of the groundwater level by lignite mining. The pond has pond sediments (natural colmotion) with a permeability coefficient K = 10 ~ ^e m / s. Due to the hydrological conditions, a sealing material with a permeability of K <10 ~ ⁸ m / s is required. On the pending soil conditions, a 5 cm thick sealing layer with treated filter ash products with the following parameters is applied:

• 93 M% with d <0.09 mm

• 78 M% with d <0.05 mm.

• CaO value29.2M%

• Bulk density 1 kg / l

• Blaine specific surface: 3900cm ² / g

The ratio of water volume to the surface of the seal is approximately 1: 1.

The introduction of dry, conditioned filter ash products into the water-filled pond is done zone by zone and by boats equipped with a gasoline powered distribution system coupled with an agitator.

These ash products, which are introduced into the water, settle on the floor of the pond due to the effect of gravity and form a sealing layer. At a sealing thickness of 5cm on average, about 50 kg / m ² of filter ash products are needed. The time to final swelling and curing of the filter ash product is 56 days, the sealed area having a sufficiently high stability of> 5 MPa and having a permeability factor of K <10 ^-8 . The pH adjustment is <8.5.

Example 3:

Sealing of local weakening zones in water-filled water reservoirs, preferably fish ponds, vertically and horizontally in the area of influence of groundwater subsidence.

The pond has mostly sufficient seal.

Due to the hydrogeological conditions, a sealing material with a permeability of K <1CT ⁸ m / s and a stability of 5 MPa is required for the local weakening points. The localization of the weakening zones is carried out with a Darcy seepage bell or with a Meßisotopenverfahren (hydrogeological detailing) and as a result, a pond mapping is made.

The required sealing structures are built with scaffolding (fine gravel, coarse chippings). The introduction of such a scaffold depends on the degree of tightness and stability to be achieved.

The construction of the sealing layer is carried out in layers, wherein the weight ratio of dry ash product to support builder is 1: 4. _w

The introduction of the supporting structure is carried out with normal feed boats and the dry ash product as in Example 2. Using the same parameters of the fly ash product of Example 2 is conducted at a seal thickness of about 10cm (required by local upcoming permeabilities of> 10 ~ ⁵⁾ has a stability of> 7MPa with a permeability coefficient of K <1CT ⁹ reached.

Example 4:

On the basis of certain hydrogeological conditions (extraction of groundwater by the sinking gully of the advancing lignite mine), there is a need to have a drainable body of water with a low cost sealing layer having a permeability value of at least K = 1CT ¹⁰ and a sealing power of

only 5-1.0cm has to seal. ,

The ash product to be used, consisting of fine-grained, calcareous, high-binder and active dry ash, is brought in the process of their accumulation (lignite power plant) in a humid state. The loading of the earth-moist mass is carried out with the system technology installed in the process environmentally friendly in open wagons, z. B.

2 side box dump trucks.

The thus possible low-cost Tränsport in open wagons (no more closed special wagons required) takes place up to the most suitable intermediate landfill to the sealing waters (best possible Reichsbahn connection).

The intermediate dump of the earth-moist mass in the open-air area including loading and transport takes place in 2 days.

During the two-day period of the humid state of the defined ashes, this receives an activation, whereby faster minimum strength and impermeability are achieved and thus the sealed water is used more quickly. The construction of the intensive mixing complex (eg mobile compulsory mixing plant with mortar pump) takes place in the immediate vicinity of the water to be sealed.

The transport of the earth-moist activated masses takes place by truck, whereby the loading on the trucks takes place with grippers. The suspension is carried out by intensive mixing operations. The resulting water-ash suspension is applied by means of mortar pumps on the bottom of the river as a 5-10cm thick sealing layer.

After a short Ansteifzeit (minimum strength> 1 MPa) of the sealing layer, the scaffold is pressed.

The sealing layer thus produced has a strength of> 7 MPa and a Darcy permeability value of <io ~ io

The process according to the invention has the following advantages:

- high level of secondary raw material utilization

- The process is cheap and easy to perform (with simple technology) with relatively little use of materials

- no use of separate complex special technology required

- under the technically induced introduction technology (sedimentation installation) of preferably non-dischargeable waters with low sealing powers (no otherwise known materials suitable under the conditions)

- no thixotropic properties and toxicity

- insignificant change in mean water depth

- very good sealing behavior on natural pond bottom

- pollutant binding

- Relatively beneficial introduction of the sealing layer with simple mechanization devices

- no protective layers required

- With low sealing thicknesses high effects are achieved in terms of strength and impermeability of the sealing layer

- High erosion or corrosion stability to ensure a relatively unlimited life under organic conditions

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Sealing layer is made possible with secondary raw material (not to be accounted for or imported) at pH adjustment <8.5, the sealing layer has no toxic properties with simple mixing and incorporation technology is effective with the secondary raw material under increased hydrogeological conditions, within the permissible range sealing achieved by the activation of the defined dry ash is achieved a significant reduction of downtime and thus allows earlier release of use

cheap loading and transport of the earth-moist mass (earth-moist defined ash) the resulting rigid sealing construction has high pressing pressures on flexible underground

Claims (10)

Invention claim: 1. A process for the preparation of aquifer bottom seals using preferably brown coal filter ash, • characterized in that on the bottom of a water-ash suspension with a water-ash factor (mass ratio) of 0.4 to 1 with subsequent addition and mixing of a water-binding , the density and stability affecting substance is applied with or without hardening properties in amounts of 0-50 M%. 2. The method according to item 1, characterized in that as lignite filter ash fine-grained, lime-rich; high-binder and active dry ashes and less active and cohesive dry ashes are used. 3. The method according to item 2, characterized in that the active dry ash is moistened and stored before the formation of suspension for activation. 4. The method according to item 1, characterized in that organically contaminated water is used for suspension training. 5. The method according to item!, Characterized in that is used as a water-binding, the tightness affecting fabric dry ash and / or cement. 6. The method according to item!, Characterized in that are used as wasserbindiger, the tightness and stability affecting fabric Texti! Schnitzel. 7. The method according to item!, Characterized in that at non Ablaß ble waters on the body of water, the water-ash suspension and, the density and stability affecting substance is applied by sedimentation. 8. The method according to item 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7, characterized in that in non-drainable waters on the riverbed, the ash-water suspension and the water-binding, the tightness and stability affecting substance is applied via a distribution system with agitator , 9. Verfahrennach point!, Characterized by the fact that in drained waters, the water-ash suspension and the - water-binding, the tightness and steadiness affecting substance is applied to the bottom of the water and then compressed. 10. The method according to item 1 and 9, characterized in that in the sealing layer, a scaffold, consisting of non-porous solid aggregates (eg., Gravel, grit) is pressed.