DD232179A1 - THERMOPLASTIC FORMKOERPER FOR THE CONTROL OF VARROATOSIS IN BEE VEGETABLES - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a thermoplastic molded body for combating the varroasis of bee colonies. The aim is to provide an effective fight against the varroasis and to protect the brood as well as the hatched bees from destruction. In addition, the residue load and the loss of active ingredient, as well as the effort for the beekeeper are to be reduced. The task is to create a mold, which is characterized by a high efficiency, can be used year-round, for beekeepers easy and easy to use, regardless of the amount of active ingredient used during treatment causes no concern of the bee colony and ensures a consistent long-term effect , As a solution, a molding material is proposed which at least 40 wt .-% PVC10 to 30 wt .-% plasticizer 20 to 30 wt .-% substituted in the 3-position Heptene alone or mixed 3-8 wt .-% processing aids 0.5 to 10 wt. % Terpinolene and 0.05 to 2% by weight hydroquinone.

Description

field of use

The invention relates to a thermoplastic molding for controlling the varroatosis of bee colonies.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

Varroassosis is a parasitic disease of the bee colony that has become very prevalent in recent years and poses a serious threat to beekeeping.

This bee disease is caused by the external mite "Varroa jacobsoni Oudemans." The high fertility, long life and great agility of the parasite lead to a rapid spread, affecting not only the adult bees, but also the bee brood.

From the literature, various agents for the control of varroasis are already known. Soz. For example, azoxybenzene (Fenazox) is used as the active ingredient of the acaricide preparation fentoxan in the veterinary drug falivarone as a diagnostic and therapeutic agent of varroasis (Chemistry of Organic Crop Protection and Pest Control, VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin 1983, p. 54/55).

According to the statements in the Scoreboard Pest Management Environmental Protection, 1977, p. 168, the following acaricides have already been used to combat Varroa:

- Phenothiazine (thiodiphenylamine) 3 treatments, each 1.5g per colony;

- Varroasin (phenothiazine + paraformaldehyde) 3 treatments;

- Sineacar (unknown composition), a powdered product from Romania with apparently high efficiency;

- Chloro-phenolic strip;

- Folbex (chlorobenzilate), in 2-3 times stronger dose than against Acarapis, queen losses;

Varostan-Bayer (Japan) [= 6 methyl 2,3-quinolaxin dithiol carbonate].

This preparation should destroy 90% of the mites with one treatment. However, the bees temporarily lose instincts, neglecting to feed their brood;

Camphor, naphthalene or naphthalene + sulfur in the ratio 1: 4;

- Heat treatment according to Schelepkin:

The whole bee colonies are heated for 10 to 15 minutes at 46 to 49 ° C, allegedly there is no harm to bees and brood. It is not necessary to disinfect empty hives or honeycombs, as all the mite stages survive only a short time without live bees.

Other known acaricides for controlling varroasis are bromopropylates, formic acid and dicofol. From DE-OS 2719722 it is known to use for controlling the Varroatose N-methylcarbamic acid alkyl or aryl esters. These agents have due to the partially too low vapor pressure inadequate permanent action and can lead to a residue burden due to the relatively high persistence.

A method has also been developed to control the Varroa mite in a purely biological way so that no appreciable economic damage occurs. However, this treatment requires a considerable amount of work (XXVII International Beekeeping Congress Athens 1979, Scoreboard Pest Management Environmental Protection, 1980, pp. 45/46).

However, the effect of these known Varroatosebekämpfungsmittel is controversial in the art. At the 8th South Tyrol Entomologist Day, 1977, Prof. Dr. Ing. Dr. F. Ruttner argue that all acaricides previously used for control brought no or only unsatisfactory success (Scoreboard Pest Management Environmental Protection, 1978, p.43). In the book Bee diseases and pests, VEB German Agricultural Publishing Berlin, 1980, p.56, it is also noted that the previously known and some specially developed mite control agents did not bring the desired "η successes.

German Offenlegungsschrift No. 3225493 also discloses isopropyl-4,4'-dibromobenzilate, 1,2,3,4,7,7-hexachlorobicyclo- (2,2,1) -2-heptene-5,6-bis oxime-ethylene sulfite or chlorinated camphene to be used as a control agent. Since these as well as all previously known agents have no positive effect on the Varroabrut, it is proposed in DE-OS 3225493 to use menthone to protect the bees from the Varroa jacobsoni. The occurring in peppermint oil D, L and D, L-menthone is mixed in an amount of 1.5 ml with 100 ml of water and 0.3 ml Sorbimacrogololeat and fogged into the varroatosebeuchten beehive or sprayed. This amount should be sufficient for a hive.

The application of the known Varroatosebekämpfungsmittel carried out in solid or liquid form, as dusts, scattering agents, granules, aqueous dispersion, spray powder, paste and Emuisionskonzentrat, or by spraying, misting or --- -:.> -; u gassed.

The reason for the unsatisfactory effect of the known acaricides is to be seen, inter alia, that either the amount of active ingredient is insufficient to carry out an effective control, or when increasing the amount of active ingredient caused excessive excitement of the bee colony or too high residue burden occurs. The concern of the bee colony causes the effervescence of the bees to blow part of the amount of active substance out of the hive.

Another disadvantage of the known Varroatosebekämpfungsmittel is their short duration of action. The treatment must often be repeated several times, which is an additional disturbance with its negative consequences for the bee colony. The previously known uses of the Varroatosebekämpfungsmittel require of the beekeepers an increased effort and can lead to incorrect dosages.

Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is to enable an effective control against the varroasis and to protect both the brood and the hatched bees from destruction, to reduce the residue burden, to prevent drug losses to prevent damage to the bees, the quality of honey not and reduce the effort for the beekeeper to combat, as well as to exclude incorrect dosages.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide a thermoplastic molding for controlling the varroatosis of bee colonies, which is characterized by high efficiency, can be used all year, for beekeepers easy and easy to use, regardless of the amount of active ingredient used during the treatment no Causing concern to the bee colony and ensuring a consistent long-term effect. -

Erfihdungsgemäß the object is achieved in that the thermoplastic molding at least 40 wt .-% PVC 10 to 30 wt .-% plasticizer

From 20 to 30% by weight 3-substituted heptene alone or in mixtures 3 to 8% by weight processing aids 0.5 to 10% by weight terpinolene and 0.05 to 2% by weight hydroquinone.

Preferred 3-substituted heptenes are 3-formyl-hept-3-ene, 3- (1,3-dioxolan-2-yl) -hept-3-ene, 3-acetoxymethylidene-hept-4-ene or 3-carboxy Hept-3-en used.

As PVC, mass, suspension and / or emulsion polymers can be used. As plasticizers and processing aids, the substances known from PVC processing can be used.

The composition according to the invention makes it possible to produce compact Varroatosebekstungsstreifen, with which a nearly 100% destruction of the Varroa mites is achieved.

Surprisingly, by the addition of the terpene hydrocarbon, tarolinols in amounts of from 0.5 to 10% by weight of the active ingredient content could be increased to 20 to 30% by weight. Although terpene hydrocarbons are known as fragrances and terpinolene is most commonly used in admixture with other terpenes for the perfuming of technical preparations, however, it was unexpected that these in combination with the 3-substituted heptenes exert a particular calming effect on the bees. This makes it possible to increase the dosage of the used to be used acaricide. The bees do not roar during the release of the drug, so that a large portion of the drug can be used to control the Varroa mite.

By using hydroquinone in amounts of 0.05 to 2 wt .-%, which prevents the oxidation of the double bond of the acaricide as an antioxidant, an extension of the duration of action of the acaricide is achieved.

The thermoplastic molding according to the invention can be used throughout the year for the control of varroasis and has no adverse effects on the quality of the honey. It is placed in the form of a strip in the beehive to be treated and the substances acting on the bees and the Varroa mites develop their effect on the vapor phase

 For the beekeeper this control strip represents a considerable workload.

embodiment

The invention will be explained below by way of example.

example 1

From a mixture of the following composition, varroasis control strips were produced on a single-screw extruder.

55 parts S-PVC K-value 60

20 parts plasticizer

20 parts of 3-formyl-hept-3-ene

1 part terpinolene 0.2 part hydroquinone 1.8 parts lubricant

2 parts stabilizer

In each of ten varroatose-infested bee colonies, a strip measuring 5 × 50 × 150 mm was placed and after 4 and 21 days, respectively, the killed Varroa mites were counted on the control panels with cover frames. The following result was achieved:

hive killed mites after 21 days nach4Tagen 187 1 20 203 2 43 165 3 17 210 4 35 205 5 36 350 6 41 256 7 38 158 8th 27 301 9 33 178 10 21

Example 2

From a mixture of the following composition, varroasis control strips were produced on a single-screw extruder.

55 parts S-PVC K value 20 parts plasticizer 5 parts 3-formyl-hept-3-ene 5 parts 3-carboxy-hept-3-ene 5 parts 3-acetoxymethylidene-hept-4-ene 5 parts3- (1,3-dioxolane -2-yl) -hept-3-ene 2 parts of thelinols 0.8 parts of hydroquinone 1.2 parts of lubricant · 1 part of stabilizer In each of ten varroatose-contaminated bee colonies, a strip measuring 5 × 50 × 150 mm was placed and after 4 and 21, respectively Days were counted the killed Varroa mites on the control inserts with cover frame. The result was as follows:

hive killed Miiben ' after 21 days nach4Tagen 203 11 40 190 12 43 221 13 22 240 14 38 238 15 14 212 16 16 180 17 18 251 18 24 280 19 12 291 20 10 0 230,6 / people 0 23,7 / people

Comparative Example 1

Without the addition of terpinolene, varroatose control strips were prepared from a mixture of the following composition on a single-screw extruder 56 parts S-PVC K value 20 parts Plasticizer 20 parts 3-formyl-hept-3-ene 0.2 part Hydroquinone 1.8 parts Lubricant 2 parts Stabilizer In each of ten varroatose-contaminated colonies, a strip measuring 5 × 50 × 150 mm was placed and after 4 and 21 days, respectively, the killed Varroa mites were counted on the control inserts with cover frames. The following result was achieved:

hive killed mites after 21 days nach4Tagen 48 21 18 125 22 26 144 23 8th 80 24 13 66 25 20 102 26 8th 111 27 11 108 28 19 144 29 3 113 30 11

0 13.7 / people 0 104.1 / people

Comparative Example 2

Without the addition of hydroquinone, varroasis control strips were prepared from a mixture of the following composition on a single screw extruder.

55 parts S-PVC K value 20 parts plasticizer 20 parts 3-formyl-hept-3-ene

1 part terpinolines: ·::

2 parts lubricant 2 parts stabilizer

In each of ten varroatose-attempted bee colonies, a strip of dimension 5x 5Ox 150mm was added and after killed mites - after 21 days For 4 and 21 days respectively, the killed Varroa mites were counted on the control inserts with cover frames. It was nach4Tagen 64 achieved the following result: 17 78 hive 8th 50 12 40 31 8th . 43 32 7 50 33 12 82 34 24 43 35 2 12 36 25 88 37 18 38 39 40

0 13.3 / people 0 55.0 / people

As the examples 1 and 2 show, when using a mixture of active ingredients of several substituted in the 3-position heptenes almost the same effect as when using only one active ingredient (3-formyl-hept-3-ene) achieved. In contrast, however, the effect is about 50% lower (Comparative Example 1), if terpinolene is not added. The concern caused by the active ingredient bees leads to high drug losses, so that an effective control of the varroasis is not possible. As illustrated by Comparative Example 2, the addition of hydroquinone (Examples 1 and 2) significantly improves the long-term effectiveness of the thermoplastic control strip.

Claims (3)

Invention claim: 1. A thermoplastic molding for controlling the Varroatose to bee colonies, consisting of a thermoplastic carrier material based on PVC, plasticizers and processing aids and an acaricidal active ingredient or drug mixture, characterized in that this at least 40Gew .-% PVC 10 to 30Gew .-% softener From 20 to 30% by weight of 3-substituted Heptene alone or in mixtures of 3 to 8% by weight of processing aids
0.5 to 10 wt .-% terpinolene
and 0.05 to 2% by weight of hydroquinone
contains. 2. Thermoplastic molding according to item 1, characterized in that the in 3-substituted heptenes 3-formyl-hept-3-ene, 3- (1,3-dioxolan-2-yl) -hept-3-ene, 3-acetoxymethylidene-hept-4-ene or 3-carboxy-hept -3-en are.