DD225898A1 - AGENTS FOR THE INTAKE AND CONTROL OF OCNEROSTOMA FRIESEI - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an insect attractant based on 1-isobutoxy-2,3-epoxy-propane of the formula CH 2 -CH-CH 2 -O-CH 2 -CH-CH 3 OCH 3. The compound according to the invention can be used undiluted or in combination with one or more additives in the field of plant protection are used. By the application of the compound according to the invention rational and biosensory monitoring and Bekaempfungsverfahren can be realized.

Description

Title of the invention

Means for attracting and controlling Ocnerostoma friesei (Xiefernnadelmotte)

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to an insect bait based on 1-isobutoxy-2,3-epoxy-propane for attracting and for controlling Ocnerostoma friesei (Ebernfernnadelmotte).

Characteristic of the "known technical solutions

In the search for, new, in particular environment-friendly methods of pest control the insect attractants (pheromones) have found increasing interest in recent years. Its advantage in the field of plant protection lies in its exceptional selectivity, which is directed only in one single species, at most to a limited number of species, while leaving other species unaffected. With the help of pheromones, it is therefore possible to combat a certain species of pests without disturbing the ecological balance more than necessary. Pheromones are secreted by numerous insects and have a certain signaling effect on other individuals of the same species. This applies in particular to the sex pheromones produced by the females of an insect species in order to attract males of the same species for the purpose of copulation. This phenomenon can be exploited in pest control in three ways:

1 . Duron Design of Duck baits that attract the males of a pest species over long distances, so that they can be deliberately destroyed on the spot by conventional means ("interception technique");

2. By applying relatively high concentrations of the pheromones, thus disorienting the insect population to be controlled and preventing it from copulating ("confusion technique");

3. By laying out traps to determine the stocking density of a pest species in a given area and thus the most favorable time to combat it using conventional methods ("monitoring techniques").

The pine needle moth Ocnerostoma friesei is a forest pest whose caterpillars destroy the needles of various species of the genus Pinus, in particular Pinus sivivis, by mincing. Under favorable external conditions, the rapid build-up (gradation) of a harmful population occurs at times, which can lead to severe damage and ultimately to considerable yield reductions. It is therefore of particular importance to regularly monitor the stocking density of Ocnerostoma friesei in order to detect the development of a harmful population at an early stage and to be able to take appropriate countermeasures.

A reliable method for the safe and simple detection of the pest before the start of population construction or for its control was lacking so far, as the sex attractant of Ocnerostoma friesei was not known (SHOREY, HH; Mc KELVEY, JJ: Chemical Control of insect Behavior, John Wiley u Sons, 1977, 417 p.).

It is known, however, that sex attractants of Lepidoptera often consist of simple derivatives of mono- or dienes of medium chain length, in particular alcohols, aldehydes and acetates (Tetrahedron 33 (1977), 1845 et seq.).

Z-iel the invention

The object of the invention is to provide a means for attracting and controlling the pine needle moth, which enables a safe, rational detection of the pest and a control against biocoenosis.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The invention has for its object to provide a means for attracting and combating the Kiefernnadelmotta available. According to the invention, the object was achieved by using Λ- isobuto2: γ-2,3-epoxy-propane as an active ingredient on the basis of its attractant properties on oclerostoma friesei

Surprisingly, it has been found that i-isobutoxy-2,3-epox-propane CH- - CH - CH _p - O - CH _? - CH - CH ₃

^x0

Selective and highly specific lures the male moth of Ocnerostoma friesei.

For the application-oriented formulation of the active ingredient both liquid and solid preparations come into question. The active ingredient is also usable undiluted. In order to achieve a precise release of the attractant, it is dissolved in suitable diluents. All reaction-inert, volatile organic solvents, such as high-boiling, aromatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic compounds, can be used for this purpose. In addition to hydrocarbons, esters, ethers or ketones are particularly suitable. Typical representatives of these classes are z. 3. xylene, methyl thyaphthalene, paraffin oils, cyclohexane, ethyl glycol acetate, isophorone and dibutyl phthalate. These solvents can be used alone or in admixture with other components.

The rate of volatilization can be reduced by dissolving the attractant in a substantially odorless, reactsinated, viscous liquid. For this purpose, solutions in vegetable, animal or synthetic oils or fats and other evaporation-inhibiting solvents with low vapor pressure (such as polyethylene glycol or silicone oil) for the purpose of effect extension ago.

Furthermore, it is possible to bind the active ingredients or natural or synthetic fast carriers such as rubber, cork, cellulose, plastics, ground coal, wood flour, silicates, pumice, burnt clay or other solid carriers or to harden them in special capsule formulations or plastic In addition, the active ingredient may be made to evaporate from suitable containers (capillaries or other vessels) through narrow apertures to achieve evenly uniform fragrance concentrations over extended periods of time. In general, the ratio of active ingredient: additive may be in the range from 10: 1 to 1: 10 -10 .Capsules or other suitable containers may be used, for example, as the active ingredient in pure, apply undiluted form and its proportion by weight, based on The overall formulation may be very high and may amount to up to 90 % . In general, however, very low concentrations of active substance in the preparations are sufficient to exert a laxative effect on Ocnerostoma friesei males. Preference is given to a quantitative ratio of active ingredient: additive of 10: 1 to 1: 10,000.

The composition according to the invention can be used in various ways. For example, one can interpret traps, with 1-isobutoxy-2,3-epoxy-propane -bzw. a formulation thereof are impregnated. This can be the exact

Population density of Ocnerostoma friesei determine and, once this has reached a critical limit, carry out a control by conventional means. Suitable for this method are "best formulations with low-volatility additives, which leave the active protahiert, such as rubber, cellulose, waxes, polymers or evaporation-inhibiting, volatile oils, paraffins or polyethylene glycol, as well as formulations in capsules or other containers (capillaries), the Attractant pass either through their walls or through narrow openings * The drug concentration is generally in the range of i: 10 to 1: 107 here.

It is also possible to combine the active ingredient with a contact or Frai3insektizid and destroy the attracted males directly in this way. The active ingredient concentration is in the same order of magnitude as above.

Finally, the drug can be applied in comparatively high concentrations to prevent males from disorienting and confusing mating. For this purpose, formulations with a higher active ingredient (10: r to 1: icA) are generally used.

Ausführungsbaispiele example 1

Glue traps with inserted glass capillaries of about 1 mm in diameter, which were each filled with 1 mg of a test substance were placed in a 7 / aldgebiet infested by Ocnerostoma friesei. Various test substances were examined in this way for their attractant effect on Ocnerostoma friesei. At the conclusion of the series of experiments, the result was as follows:

Table I Test substance male / trap

i-IsolDUtosy-2,3-propane-apoxy

182 other connections -

Females were not caught.

This proved that .I-isobutO2: 7-2,3-epoxy-propane behaves like a sexual pheromone of Ocnerostoma friesei.

Example 2

In a second Yersuchsssrie glue traps were inlaid with Grlaskapillaren filled with i-isobutoxy-2,3-epox-propane - each 1 mg of active ingredient dissolved in polyethylene glycol, as described above, and observed continuously from the beginning of the flight time of Ocnerostoma friesei. In this case, the signing of the detected attractants in traps for the determination of maximum flight should be investigated.

Table 11

Catch numbers of Ocnerostoma friesei in leiafallen, baited with 1 mg each of 1-isobutoxy-2,3-epoxy-propane

Date Number of captive males / trap

26.04.1983 1

29.04.1983 9

02.05.1983 18

06.05.1983 ^ 7

10.05.1983 68

17.05.1983 128

20.05.1983 56

24.05.1983 14

30.05.1983 6 06.06.1983. 1 10.06.1983 -

It was found that the compound according to the invention is well suited for determining the maximum of the flight of Ocnerostoma friesei.

Claims (4)

Invention claim h 1. An agent for attracting and controlling Ocnerostoma friesei (Ki8f3rnnadelmotte), characterized in that they contain 1-isobutoxy-2,3-epoxy-propari. 2. Composition according to item 1, characterized in that they contain the active ingredient in combination with one or more additives in a weight ratio of active ingredient: additives in the range of 10: 1 to 1: 10 '. 3. Composition according to item 1 and 2, characterized in that the ratio of active ingredient: additives in the range of 10: 1 to 1: 10 ⁴ . 4. Means according to point 1 to 3, characterized in that the active ingredient undiluted or in the ratio of active ingredient: "7 Additives in the range up to 10 is present. £. Means according to point 1 to k _3, characterized in that they contain, in addition to the active ingredient, other insecticides or other substances which are biologically active for insects,.