DD224023A1 - METHOD FOR ANAEROBIC MICROBIOLOGICAL PRODUCTION UTILIZATION - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for the anaerobic waste product utilization of biodegradable, organic substances containing aqueous dispersions, such as agricultural waste such as galenes, so waste products of the food industry as Schlaechtereiabfaelle, so Ex excess Schlaemme wastewater treatment and waste products of the material-converting industry. The aim and object of the invention is to develop new methods for anaerobic microbiological waste product utilization, which are suitable to achieve over conventional methods a higher microorganism density, an improved carbon / nitrogen ratio and thus a higher space-time yield of biogas. According to the invention, the object is achieved by using carbon-containing additives in their natural composition in amounts of 0.1-500% by mass of the solid contained in the aqueous dispersion. As additives wood products such as wood wool, wood chips, Saegespaene, sanding dust, peat, lignite, hard coal or waste from the paper and textile industry or food industry are used.

Description

Title of the invention;

Process for anaerobic microbial waste product utilization

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to anaerobic microbiological processes for waste product utilization, which are suitable aqueous dispersions containing biodegradable organic substances, so agricultural waste such as gullies, so waste products of the food industry as butchery waste, so excess sludge of wastewater treatment and waste products of the material-converting industry, so-called Convert biogas and high quality natural fertilizers.

Characterization of the known technical solutions

It is known that organic substances, preferably waste products from various production branches, microbiologically under anaerobic conditions in a high-quality, combustible gas, so-called biogas, can be converted. The decomposition of the organic components, mainly carbohydrates, proteins and fats, takes place in two stages. So-called acid-forming bacteria split the carbohydrates, bites and fats

in low molecular weight fatty acids, which then continues through. methane-forming bacteria are converted into methane and carbon dioxide.

It is further known that the creation of large specific settling areas for the active microorganisms achieved by the addition of inert aggregates allows to achieve high active microorganism densities. As inert additives are used (DB-OS 2531593, DB-OS 2905391, DE-OS 2930812) coal z. As activated carbon, coke, slag, porous stones such as pumice and ceramics. Also packing with -defined shape and surface, z. 3. bristle rings (DE-OS 2520742) are used. These solid additives are in the form of a fluidized bed ^1, that is widely applied as a suspension or as a fixed bed, a so-called microbiological filter. , '. -

Tfeiterhin. is known / that as aggregates activated alumina or macroporous Adsoberharae (DE-OS 2722401) as well as purposefully prepared inert products, such as mixtures of silica, alumina, iron oxide 'and potassium carbonate, which additionally contain metallic trace elements, ver. (DE-AS 2648892). The inert synthetic additives have high specific surface areas between

^% '2

4500 - 9000 cm / g and grain diameter less than 50 microns.

It is known that for effective anaerobic depletion of waste to form a productive microorganism population, an optimum coal to nitrogen ratio of 10: 1 to 16: 1 must be present in the substrate. ,

Bs "is further known that the degree of digestion of wastewater, which was ¹ aerobically degraded and then subjected to anaerobic digestion, increases when" fresh wastewater with

a higher concentration of degradable products of the anaerobic stage is added (DE-OS 2722401). · ..

It is known that fry plants produce high yields of gas in anaerobic fermentation, while lignified and car- bonated products are considered inert carriers. :

Inert carriers are in the known method only for the production of settlement areas, for. Retention of microorganisms as a biological filter or Sr. ease of separation after the digestion and subsequent recirculation of the microorganisms together with the carrier substances, used, thus resulting in large residence times for the vehicles in the biogas process. The z. T. contained in organic carrier materials degradable ingredients, the carbon / nitrogen ratio and thus the biogas yield not.

Aim of the invention;

The aim of the invention is to develop new methods for anaerobic microbial waste product utilization, which are 'a. Higher microorganism density to achieve an improved carbon / nitrogen ratio and thus a higher space / time yield of biogas.

Presentation of the invention

The object of the invention is to use additives of such properties over the known technical solutions, which on the one hand represent locational surfaces for microorganisms and on the other hand contain available carbon and are thus degraded in connection with the substrates and thus substantially increase the carbon / nitrogen ratio.

According to the invention solid, insoluble in water, carbonaceous substances are used as the additives. The aqueous, organic waste. Dispersions, so agricultural waste such as greases, so waste of the food industry as butchery waste, so excess Schläimnen the wastewater treatment and waste products of the material-converting industry, as Substrates are used, in proportions of 0.1 to 500 percent by mass, preferably 20 to 150 percent by mass, based on the 'dry matter content of the dispersions added.

Surprisingly, it has been found that a large additive of carbonaceous solids such as wood, wood wool, wood chips, sawdust, grinding dust, wastes from der.Papier- and textile industry, solid waste products of the food industry, the carbohydrates, fats and egg whites individually or jointly contain peat and Lignite, hard coal and other preferably cellulose-containing waste products in natural grain size between 50 and 0.001 mm.neben der.langzeitigen effect to increase the microorganism density-the creation of settlement areas also leads to significant gas yield increases by partial degradation of the aggregates. If additives are added in amounts according to the invention, so that. If the carbon / nitrogen ratio improves due to the contained degradable organic ingredients, a significant increase in biogas production will be achieved. 'The increase in the gas evolution immediately after the addition of the additives with a time delay of sometimes only 30 minutes to 1 hour after addition of the additives and depends on their amount and' residence side dependent.

The process can be carried out continuously, discontinuously or quasi-continuously. The Betrieöstemperatur lies' between 25 and mesophilic 4-0, C or thermophilic between 40 and -60 ⁰ C. ^. , ',

Exemplary embodiments Example 1 .

As a comparison, the following conditions were chosen: To 10 kg of a standard digested sludge with a solids content of 60 g dry matter per liter and a content of 0.2 g / l acetic acid equivalent of volatile fatty acids are 1.5.kg pig manure with a solids content of 80 g Dry substance content per liter and a content of 15 g / l acetic acid equivalent of volatile fatty acids added in a biogas reactor. This reactor produced 14 1 biogas at 35 ^° C. in the first 24 hours after dosing, which corresponds to a productivity coefficient of K _Tr =

3 3

1.22 m of biogas per m reaction volume and 24 hours. Between the 24h hour and the 48th hour, the reactor produces 10 biogas, which corresponds to a productivity _coefficient of Κ _γ = 0.87 m ³ / m ³ d.

The digestion was carried out analogously to the standard digestion with the addition of 0.5 kg Ostelbischer crude lignite with a grain size of 2 mm and a 7 / as water content of about 20 Ma. -% repeated. After 24 hours, 17.9 l of biogas (K ,, =

 2-2 V

1.50 mr / mr d) and after 48 hours 32.9 l of biogas (K "=

3 3 1.25 m / md). The gas yield was determined by ^the: increased Rohbraunkohlezusatz by 22% for the first 24 hours and by 44% for the second 24 hours and by 31% with respect to the cumulative gas yield.

Example 2,.

The digestion was analogous to the standard digestion s. Example 1 carried out with the addition of 200 g of wood dust. 17.2 1 and after 48 hours 30.5 1 biogas were formed after 24 hours. Thus, the gas yield in the first 24 hours increased by 21 % and in the second 24 hours by 31 ^.

'6

With regard to the cumulative gas yield, an increase in the gas yield of 25 % based on the standard digestion was achieved for the first 48 hours.

Example 3 '.

The Paulüng was analogous to the standard digestion s. Example 1 with the addition 'of 500 g of granules, which is obtained as waste in the wood processing, or in the pulp and paper industry carried out. In this case, 19 1 and after 48 hours.34 1 biogas were formed after .24 hours. Thus, the gas yield increased by 30 % in the first 24 hours . With regard to the cumulative gas yield, an increase of ¹ gas yield of 36 % based on standard digestion was achieved for the first 48 hours.

Example 4 "° '."".'

The Paulung was analogous to the standard digestion s. After 24 hours, 16, V 1 and after 48 hours 27.3 1 of biogas were formed. Thus, the gas yield increased by 7 % in the first 24 hours and in the second 24 hours Hours 4% · Concerning the cumulative gas yield, an increase in gas yield of 6% based on standard digestion was achieved for the first 48 hours. · / ·,. ,

Example 5 ·. '' _N

The Paulung was analogous to the standard digestion s. Example 1 carried out with the addition of 400 g of peat. It was after. 24 hours 16 1 and after 48 hours 27.1 1 biogas formed. Thus, the gas yield increased by 11% in the first 24 hours and by 7.6 % in the second 24 hours . With regard to the cumulative gas yield, an increase in gas yield of 9.5 % relative to the standard digestion was achieved for the first 48 hours.

Claims (6)

Inventions addressed 1. A method for anaerobic microbial Abproduktverwertang aqueous dispersions containing organic substances, so agricultural waste such as gullies, so waste products of the food industry as butchery waste, so Überzugsschlätnme wastewater treatment and waste products of the material-converting industry, characterized in that such solid water-insoluble carbonaceous aggregates in their natural grain size in amounts of 0.1 to 500 percent by mass of the aqueous dispersion. contained in the pesticide are used. 2. The method according to item 1, characterized in that the aggregate of wood production, such as wood wool, wood chips, sawdust, sanding dust from wood processing; Peat; Brown coal and lignite dust; Hard coal or waste .of the paper and textile industry or solid waste products of the food industry containing carbohydrates, fats and egg whites, individually or jointly. 3. The method according to item 1, characterized in that the grain size of the aggregates between 50 and 0.001 reads on. Ό ' Method according to item 1, characterized in that the additives are preferably 20-150% by mass of the solid contained in the aqueous dispersions. Method according to item 1, characterized in that the process is carried out continuously, discontinuously or quasi-continuously. 6. The method according to item 1, characterized in that the ^v operating temperature tnesophil between 25 and 40 ⁰ G or thermophilic between 40 and 60 ⁰ C.