DD216372A5 - METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING CENTRALIZED CYLINDRICAL PLANT PLANTS AND PLANT PRODUCTS MANUFACTURED THROUGH THIS METHOD - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing substantially cylindrical plant stumps (1), each consisting of a filling material (3) of artificially produced fibers and, optionally, at least one seed (4) surrounding casing (2a). Such fibers can be made from minerals (silicates), in particular from so-called rockwool or similar glassy fibers. Also suitable are cellulose-based fibers. Between these fibers Duengematerialien can be found.

Description

15 936 56

Method Rind Apparatus for producing substantially cylindrical plant stumps and plant stumps produced by this method

Field of application of the invention:

The invention relates to a method for producing substantially cylindrical plant stumps, each consisting of a filler material and optionally at least one seed surrounding sheath, by continuously feeding a Hüllmaterialstreifens, by continuously feeding filler material and optionally of seeds to the Hüllmaterialstreifen, the filler material a supply and its individual particles are continuously spread into a thin layer whose height is small compared to the width transverse to the conveying direction, and wherein the filler of the nonwoven is accumulated into a narrow filler strand which is transverse to the conveying direction of the nonwoven and in the direction of its own Deposited along the longitudinal axis, wrapped with the wrapping material strips and thus formed into a Pflanzstumpenschlaüch from which the plant stumps are cut off.

13.7 84-01 85037

The invention also relates to a device for producing substantially cylindrical plant stumps, each consisting of a filler material and optionally at least one seed surrounding casing, with a supply device for a wrapping material strip, with a supply means for filling material and optionally with a feed device for seeds, wherein the supply means for filler, the shape of a spreader for continuously removing filler particles from a filler supply and for spreading the filler in the form of a thin layer (fleece), the height of which is small compared to the width transverse to the direction of conveyance, which is transverse to the direction of conveyance of the nonwoven A strand conveyor for collecting the filler material of the nonwoven fabric is arranged downstream of a narrow filler strand, the continuous strand of a hose forming device for forming a Pflanzstumpenschlauchs and a Feed cutting device for cutting plant stock from the plant stock hose *

The term "filler" includes material in which seeds can germinate and roast, at least for a period of time.

The term "continuous" is understood to mean in particular "continuous", but this term also encompasses consecutive juxtaposed sections.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions:

For the production of plant stumps of the type mentioned, as shown * for example * DE-OS 30 49 576, it is known from US-PS 3,456,386 to supply filler in the form of a previously prepared endless conveyor strip. The strand material may ζ * B. consist of endless lignocellulosic material, said strip-shaped material

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is continuously helically twisted prior to forming a plant stem tube to produce a more round strand. The filler strip is brought together with an endless spermatic cord and hammered together into a paper strip. From the thus formed Pflanzstumpenschlauch individual plant stumps are then separated, y

Explanation of the essence of the invention:

The problem underlying the invention is better plant stumps of the type mentioned, in particular cost, manufacture.

According to the invention, this is achieved by continuously removing artificially produced fibers as filling material from the supply, which are spread out to the thin layer (fleece) and then accumulated continuously to the narrow filling material fiber strand.

A "narrow" filler fiber strand is understood to mean a strand which is considerably narrower than the width of the fleece transversely to its conveying direction; Advantageously, the strand is only slightly wider than the diameter of the Pflanzstumpenschlauches.

Synthetically produced fibers are synthetic fibers produced from minerals (eg rock wool) or glassy fibers (silicate fibers). Another group of synthetic fibers in which plants can root can be made from cellulose. It may also be mixtures of the fibers of both groups in question.

A good singulation with uniform spreading of the filler fibers, which is responsible for the uniformity of the

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Temperate plant stock is important to achieve in a further development of the invention characterized in that Füllmaterialfasern are removed from a large stock under loosening and accumulated to a smaller stock, the continuous Füllmaterialfasern are taken under separation for web formation. Advantageously, the size of the smaller supply can be monitored and the removal of filler fibers from the large supply and its supply to the smaller supply controlled in dependence on the size of the smaller supply. A very advantageous combination of monitoring the size of the smaller stock and its compression to constant values, which is very conducive to the quality of the singulation and ultimately the Pflanzstumpen, can be achieved in a further embodiment of the invention in that the size of the small supply on the location a compression member is detected. The removal of Füllmaterialfasern from the smaller stock and the separation takes place in an embodiment of the invention advantageously by removal by means of needles or pins which are mounted on rollers. The filler fibers located between the hadles are then separated by subsequent knocking by means of a racket roller and then spread to a nonwoven. Advantageously, the height of the filler fiber layer removed from the needles or pins is kept constant, which can be achieved by means of a counter-rotating combing roller, which can also have pins or needles. The thin and in relation to its height very wide web is advantageously formed by sprinkling the filler fibers on a nonwoven cloth.

For a good connection of the fibers with one another, a strengthening agent can be sprayed onto the fibers in a further development of the invention, which bonds the fibers to one another at the contact surfaces or connects them in some other way. In addition, it may be advantageous to improve

Care of plant roots with nutrients Diing particles, e.g. in granular form, between the. It is particularly advantageous to use fertilizer that releases plant nutrients relatively slowly when moistening the plant stumps so that the fertilizer is not washed away too quickly.

The formation of the narrow strand of parsers are of the fleece can be achieved according to a further embodiment of the invention is particularly well characterized in that the fleece fibers are conveyed in a transversely arranged to the conveying direction of the web Ka _V nal ^ in which the filler material Paserstrang is then formed. At the bottom of this channel - and possibly on its side walls - can run a strand conveyor belt, which is advantageous trough-shaped bent upwards, but also, with a rectangular channel cross-section, can be guided.

The merging of the filler material Paserstranges and the Hüllmaterialstreifens can be accomplished in two ways: Once the wrapping material strip can be carried by a strand conveyor belt, which is advantageously guided bowl-shaped high vaulted for better absorption of Füllmaterialfasern. The filler material fibers are then shaved directly onto the wrapping material strip and formed on the strip of filling material fiber strand. Another possibility of merging consists of a puncture separation of strand formation and merging of finished filler fiber strand and wrapping material strip. Here, the Füllmaterialfasern are first shouted on the preferably trough-shaped high-curved strand conveyor, from which they are transferred to the wrapping material strip. For better adhesion of the filler fibers on the strand conveyor belt, the latter can be formed permeable to air and acted upon at its back with negative pressure, so that the through

Strangförderband flowing suction air holds the fibers to this. In the latter possibility of Zusämmenführens filling material fiber strand and Hüllmaterialstreifen the latter can advantageously connect in the conveying direction of the strand conveyor belt; when transferring the filler fiber strand onto the wrapping material strip, another strand conveyor, preferably a strand conveyor belt, can act on the filler material strand at its side facing away from the strand conveyor belt. In this case, the further strand conveyor belt, which may be designed to be permeable to air, also be acted upon with suction air on its rear side in order to improve the adhesion to the filler fiber strand. To even out the Püllmaterial-fiber strand on its surface, the strand surface can still be leveled.

If the plant stumps after their completion by the method according to the invention contain seeds, they are conveyed in an advantageous embodiment of the invention in that the seeds are placed on the moving filler material Paserstrang before closing the Hüllmaterialstreifens. In this case, the seeds can be removed from a stock and thereby isolated, after which they are placed while maintaining the separation on the moving filler fiber strand. The approach of the seeds takes place in an advantageous manner with a movement component in the direction of movement of the filler fiber strand and with a direction of movement perpendicular thereto.

In order to keep the seeds at predetermined intervals to the locations of the Füllmaterial-Paserstranges at which this later (after forming the Pflanzstumpenschlauches) is severed, the movements of the filler fiber strand and the feeding movement of the seeds are synchronized synchronously.

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The wrapping material strip advantageously consists of easily decomposable material, eg. Paper, or from a slightly decomposing plastic . If necessary, ie if more durable sheaths are desired, the wrapping material strip may also consist of a suitable plastic.

After trimming single or double length planting stock, the planting stumps must be carried away, either for storage in containers or for further processing, for example * for connection by means of a connecting strip.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, for this purpose, the conveying movement of the plant stumps in the direction of the longitudinal axes is converted into a conveying movement transversely to their longitudinal axes.

The device mentioned above is characterized according to the invention in that the filler material supply consists essentially of man-made fibers.

Further developments and further embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims to the device.

Finally, the invention also comprises, in particular, plant stumps produced by the process according to the invention; these have a substantially cylindrically shaped shell and a body of filler material; if desired, the filler contains at least one seed. The plant stump according to the invention is characterized in that the filling material consists of man-made fibers (synthetic fibers).

Further developments of the invention are the UnteransprUchen to refer to "the plant stump.

Suitable cellulose-based fibers according to the invention are e.g. Lignocellulose fibers or simply HpIz-Pasera fibers

· Embodiment;

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment. Show it:

1: a plant pump,

2 shows the spreader of a machine for the production of plant stumps according to FIG. 1 including the strand formation in a side view, FIG.

FIG. 2a shows details of a strand former in FIG. 2 on an enlarged scale, FIG.

3: a supply device for seeds on an enlarged scale,

Fig. 4: the machine of FIG. 2 after the formation of the filler strand until cutting and redirecting the finished plant stock including the seed feeder in a front view.

Fig. 1 shows a plant stump 1 with a shell 2a, which may consist of substantially cylindrically shaped filling material 3 of synthetic fibers, which may consist of rock wool, glassy fibers or cellulosic fibers suitable for growing plants. In itself, any fibrous material is suitable in which a seed 4 can germinate or form roots. The shell may consist of quickly rotting material in the ground, preferably.Paper. But other materials, e.g. suitable plastics are usable.

It is also possible to use relatively resistant plastic if rapid dissolution of the casings is not required or desired. The spacing 6 and 7 of the seed 4 from the end faces 8 and 9 should be selectable, but then at least approximately constant.

If the planting stumps 1 are to be provided with seed grains 4 cn cuttings only after production, then the subsequently described feeder (16) for the seeds is omitted; in the case of plant stumps 1, the shell 2a then only surrounds the filling material 3 without seed grain.

Figs. 2 to 4 schematically show a machine for continuous, i. Continuous production of plant stock 1, as shown in Fig. 1, ie with feeding means (16) for seeds. The machine essentially has the following components:

A feeder 3 shown in FIG. 2 for artificial fibers according to the invention in the form of a spreader 11 which spreads a stock 12 of filler material into a wide web 13 of low height and feeds it to a strand former in the form of a strand channel 14.

The machine also comprises a feeder 16 shown in Fig. 3 for seeds on with container 17 for a supply 18 of seeds 4, from which the seed grains taken from a separating or metering device 19, fed to the filler fiber strand and this be hung up. The metering device thus acts at the same time as Auflegevorrichtung, but the functions can also be separated.

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The machine finally points to Pig. 4 the following shear-state indicated in detail known assemblies for forming a Pflanzstumpenschlauches 20, for its cutting into plant stock 1 and their deposition on:

A feeding device 21 for a wrapping material strip 2, a strand conveyor 22 for transferring the filler fiber strand onto the wrapping material strip 2, a tube forming device 23 consisting of a format for turning the wrapping material strip 2 around the filler fiber strand from a gluing device 26 for forming an adhesive seam an edge of the wrapping strip 2 and a so-called seam plate 27 for heating the glue seam for faster setting of the glue,

a cutting device 28 for separating plant stock 1 simple or double length of the Pflenzstumpenschlauch 20 and

a deflection device 29 in a deflection zone 78, which transfers the planting pumps 1 from its longitudinal axial direction of movement in a more favorable for the storage and processing cross-axial direction of movement.

In the spreader 11 of FIG. 2, the filler stock 12 made of synthetic fibers according to the invention is divided into two sub-stocks: a large stock 12a located on a supply belt 31 driven by rollers 25 and 30 and a smaller stock 12b, of FIG the large supply 12a filling material under loosening by a rotating paddle roller 32 receives and em from a driven removal device 33 in the form of a fitted with needles 34 rotating roller 36 takes filler. An opposing back-combing roller 37, which is also equipped with needles, ensures a consistent

A fast driven whip roll 38 serves to knock out the pilling material fibers from the needles 34 and to transfer them to a driven, ridged surface spreading or Winnover roll 39 acting as a scattering device for scattering the filler fibers a guided over rollers 41 and 42, in the direction 52 moving nonwoven cloth'43 is used. The nonwoven fabric 13 formed on the nonwoven fabric 43 has a small height relative to its width (see FIG. 2), and is homogeneous, which is important for the uniformity of the subsequently constructed filler fiber strand. In the showers 13a of fibers according to the invention produced by the scattering roller 39, a chill 5 of a solidifying agent consisting of finely divided droplets can be sprayed from a nozzle 44, e.g. with the help of compressed air. As such a solidifier, an aqueous dispersion of adhesive, e.g. of polyvinyl acetate. Advantageously, the adhesive is biodegradable, so that the synthetic fibers are released.

The purpose of the consolidator is to remove the synthetic fibers loosely present in the plant stock 1 - e.g. by gluing - to connect with each other. If this is not necessary, of course, eliminates the feed assembly 44th

The nonwoven fabric 13 on the nonwoven fabric 43 may be coated, if desired, with distributed dry fertilizer, e.g. Fertilizer grains 71, are fed * if the fibers used to provide plant roots too few nutrients. For feeding a feed belt 72 which spreads the fertilizer synchronously to the machine speed on the fibers of the web 13 is used. For a good filling of the spiked roller 36, which is a prerequisite for a homogeneous web 13, provide rammer 46, which are arranged side by side and of which a rammer is shown. The rammers will be in common - like this from the

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PR-PS 15 57 462 discloses · -. regularly lifted by eccentrically arranged on a rotating cam cam via levers and released again, so that they sink below their own weight down, compressing the smaller supply 12b to a constant value. The tampers 46 are in addition to a compacting member and a measuring device for the height of the smaller stock 12b is the sinking namely the latter below a certain value, thus sinking the rammers 46 too far, so a switch 47 is closed, via a control arrangement in the form of a Timing 48 an electric drive motor

49 connects to the network 51 during a certain time. The drive motor 49 drives during the time determined by the timer 48, the supply tape 31 in the direction of the arrow

50, so that Püllmaterialfasern 3 loosened by the paddle roller 32, from the large supply 12 a to the smaller supply 12 b are supplied and fill it. The above-described supply can - repeated by the rammers 46 and the switch 47 - repeat several times until the smaller supply 12b is replenished. The supply from the large to the smaller stock is improved by a smooth roll 53.

Below the nonwoven cloth 43 is the strand former in the form of the funnel-shaped channel 14 with the side walls 15a and 15b, at the bottom and on the side walls of a strand conveyor in the form of a strand conveyor belt 56 runs. This tape may, if increased adhesion of the filler 3 is required to be permeable to air; then below the channel bottom 57 is provided with air passages · 55, which form a connection between a vacuum chamber 58 and the strand conveyor belt 56. The vacuum chamber 58 is connected via a line 59 to a vacuum generator 61, e.g. a fan, connected. The channel 14 may also have a rectangular cross-section with parallel side walls 15a and 15b, so that the strand conveyor belt

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56 just at the bottom of the channel is guided. The vacuum chamber 58 can be omitted if the friction between the strand conveyor belt 56 and filler 3 is large enough ·

The filler fibers hiaeingeforderten of the nonwoven cloth 43 in the channel 14 are aufgeschördert to a relatively narrow lower filler fiber strand 62 and conveyed away from the strand conveyor belt 56 perpendicular to the plane.

If the surface of the filler fiber strand 62 is to be smoothed, a leveling agent can be used, as is known from GB-PS 1 365 517, for example, and is therefore indicated only by marking the leveling point 63.

In the formed fiber strand, the possibly supplied fertilizer particles are evenly distributed.

From Fig. 3 shows schematically the dosing and Auflegevorrichtung 19 shows that promotes seeds 4 from the supply 18 in the container 17 to the filler fiber strand 62. For this purpose, a metering disc 66 with receiving troughs 67, at the bottom for better filling in a conventional manner and therefore not shown suction air can be connected. A brush roller 68 promotes excess seeds back, while a solid cover 69 prevents premature falling out of seeds from the dosing 66. The shaft 70 of the metering disk 66 is synchronized with a drive motor 72 (FIG. 4) for driving the machine, in particular the strand conveyor belt 56, the strand conveyor 22, the belt forming device 23, the cutting device 28 and the deflection device 29 Seed 4 is placed on the filler material ~ fiber strand 62 so that it is at a certain distance from the later separating fibers.

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in which the strand is cut and the faces 8 and 9 in Pig. 1 match, comes to rest »

By increasing the receiving troughs 67 in the dosing disc 66, the feeding device 16 for the seeds 4 can be modified so that several seeds can be placed in a plant stem section. If the plant stumps are to be provided with seeds only after production, it goes without saying that the metering and laying device 19 is eliminated.

The one in Pig. 4, only schematically indicated strand conveyor 22, which when passing the filler fiber strand 62 from the strand conveyor belt 56 on the Hüllmaterialstreifen 2 above sliding on the Füllmaterialstrang in the movement. is attacked, is not shown in detail. Reference is made to US Pat. No. 2,853,079 or 3,915,176. A strand conveyor with a particularly good transfer effect by using an air-permeable strand conveyor belt and negative pressure on the rear side remote from the strand is shown in US Pat. No. 3,039,474.

''. '. , The strand-forming device 23 adjoins the strand conveyor 22, through which the wrapping material strip 2, together with the filling material fiber strand 62 lying on it, is pulled through by the endlessly formed format strip 73 acting as a conveyor belt. In this case, the filler fiber strand is first increasingly compressed in the format 24, wherein the wrapping material strip is placed around the strand during compaction so that only one edge upwardly protrudes. "This edge is by the gluing device 26, of which the glue container 35th and glue-dispensing disc 40. Details of format and gluing apparatus are shown in U.S. Patents 3,915,176 and 3,380,352.

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After the gluing; For example, the glued seam is heated by a heated web for faster size-setting, as disclosed in US Pat. No. 3,507,288. To cut off finished plant stumps from the continuously requested Pflanzstumpenschlauch 20 then serves the cutting device 28, are cut from the single or double-length plant stock 1. In the cutting device shown, of which US Patent No. 3,176,560 shows details, the cutting blade is moved by inclining a rotating knife carrier in the cut with the planting tube 20 in the direction of its longitudinal axis. When returning, the knife is then sharpened. Another Ausführurigsform a cutting device with a reciprocating blade carrier is shown in US-PS 3,241,413.

The diverter 29, of which U.S. Patent No. 3,602,357 shows details, consists essentially of a drum 76 provided with troughs 74 driven in synchronism with the engine speed. An eccentrically revolving accelerator cam 77, also synchronized with the machine and drum, is engaged each cut plant stumps i on its surface, accelerates him to the subsequent plant stumps and promotes him in a trough 74 of the drum 76. Here, the plant stem in the deflection zone 78 is deflected so that it from a movement in the direction of its longitudinal axis in a direction of movement <juer is transferred to its longitudinal axis.

Mode of operation of the machine according to FIGS. 2 to 4: in the spreader 11 - controlled by the rammers 46 - from the large stock 12 a Püllmaterialfasem 3 promoted to the smaller stock 12 b, accumulated there and constantly compacted by the rammers 46. In this case, the drive motor 49 for the supply belt 31 for supplying filling material to the smaller supply of the timer 48th

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placed on the network 51 when one of the rammer 46 drops too low and the switch 47 closes.

From the smaller, constantly held by the tampers 46 and constantly compressed supply 12b continuous filler material 3 are removed from the roller 36, wherein the removed layer is bounded by the counter-rotating needle roller 37. The filler fibers which have been knocked out of the needles 34 of ^the roll 36 by the whip roll 38 reach the scattering and Winnover roll 39 which scatters the filling material fibers as chillers 13a onto the nonwoven cloth 43, thereby building up the nonwoven fabric 13. In this case, solidifiers can be sprayed through "nozzle 44 into the shower 13a and fertilizer particles 71 are sprinkled onto the nonwoven 13.

Of the nonwoven cloth 43, the Füllmaterialfasern the nonwoven fabric 13 are continuously shaken on the strand conveyor belt 56 in the channel »14, on which therefore continuously forms the filler fiber strand 62 and is conveyed away. If necessary, the adhesion of the strand to the strand conveyor belt is increased by means of suction air and the strand surface is leveled. In the dosing and Aüflegevorflchtuήg 19 for seeds 4 latter are taken into the receiving troughs 67 of the dosing 66 and continuously conveyed to the moving on the strand conveyor 56 filler fiber strand 62, to which they are placed at the correct distance to the later interfaces.

Thereafter, the seeded fiber bundle 62 is continuously transferred from the rope conveyor 56 to the skin strip 2 with the rope conveyor 22 engaging at the top of the filler fiber rope supporting the transfer by pushing.

From the size band 73, the filler material strand 62 and the wrapping material strip 2 are pulled together and continuously through the tube forming device 23. Here, the FUllmaterial fiber strand is first compressed in the format 24 and the wrapping material strip 2 - apart from an edge - placed around the strand. The upwardly projecting edge is glued by the glue applicator disc 40 and the plant turf hose 20 is closed by pressing down the glued edge.

After solidification of the glue by heating the seam by means of the Nahtplätte 27 of Pflanzstumpenschlauch 20 is completed, so that during its further movement, the individual plant stock 1 can be cut off by the cutting device 28.

The trimmed longitudinally moving plant stumps 1 are accelerated by the accelerator cam 77 and successively pushed into troughs 74 of the drum 76. From the drum the stumps are then transported transversely to their longitudinal axes for storage in containers or for further processing.

When referring to "singulation of filler fibers" above, this does not mean that all particles are completely separated from each other; The term "singulation" is also understood to mean any other treatment of the filler fibers in which fiber clumps harmful to strand homogeneity are reduced or dissolved.

If the planting pumps are to be provided with certain advertising imprints or markings for the contents of the casing on the outside of their casing 2a, the wrapping material strip 2 is passed through a printing unit 81 in which these labels, possibly also colored labels, are applied.

Claims (41)

- 18 claims: - ♦ A method for producing substantially cylindrical PflanzStumpen, each consisting of a filling material and optionally at least one seed surrounding casing, by continuously feeding a Hüllmaterialstreifens, by continuously feeding filler material and optionally of seeds to the wrapping material strip, wherein the filling material taken from a supply and its individual particles are continuously spread into a thin layer whose height is small compared to the width transverse to the conveying direction, and wherein the filling material of the nonwoven is accumulated to a narrow Fulilmaterialstrang which transversely to the conveying direction of the nonwoven and conveyed away in the direction of its own longitudinal axis, wrapped with the wrapping material strip and so formed into a Pflanzstumpenschlauch from which the PflanzStumpen be cut off, characterized in that as a filler material (12) continuously artificially manufactured Fa (3), which are spread to the thin layer (web 13) and then accumulated continuously to the narrow filler fiber strand (62). * A method according to claim 1, characterized in that artificial fibers (synthetic fibers) made of minerals, e.g. Rock wool or glassy fibers, are removed. 3. The method according to claim 1 and / or 2, characterized in that the stock produced on cellulose-based artificial fibers (synthetic fibers) are removed. 4 * Method according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that Püllmaterialfasern from a large store (12a) are removed with loosening and ahgesammelt to a smaller supply (12b), which are continuously removed Püllmaterialfasern singling for web formation. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the size of the smaller stock. (12b) and the removal of pilling material fibers from the large supply and their supply to the smaller supply (12b) is controlled in dependence on the size of the smaller supply. 6. The method according to claim 4 and / or 5, characterized in that the Püllmaterialfasern the smaller stock are compacted to constant values. _r] 7. The method according to claim 5 and / or 6, characterized in that the size of the smaller supply (12b) by the position of a compacting member (46) is detected. 8. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Püllmaterialfasern (3) by removal from the smaller stock (12b) by means of pins or needles (34) which are mounted on a roller (36), and then knocking out the fibers are separated from the needles by means of a beater roller (38). 9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the height of the located between the needles or pins, removed from the smaller supply layer of Püllmaterialfasern is kept constant. 10. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nonwoven fabric (13) by scattering the Füllmaterialfasern (3) on a nonwoven conveyor, preferably a nonwoven cloth (43) »is formed · A method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filling material (3), preferably in the spreading process, comprises a fiber connecting the fibers, e.g. adhesive substance (solidifier) is applied. 12. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fibers of the web (13) are conveyed in 'a transversely to the conveying direction of the web arranged channel (14), in which the filler fiber strand is formed. 13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that at the bottom - and optionally on the rare walls (15a, ¹ T-Sb) - the channel (14) a strand conveyor belt (56) is moved. 14. The method according to claim 13f, characterized in that the Füllmaterialfasern are shaken on the preferably trough-shaped curved conveyor belt, from which aus.sie be transferred to the Htillmaterialstreifen. 15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that on the filler material fiber strand (62) facing away from the rear side of the air-permeable formed strand conveyor belt (56) negative pressure is applied, which holds the filler fiber strand on the strand conveyor belt.   - 21 - · 16. The method according to one or more of claims 12 to 15, characterized in daJ3 the wrapping material strip (2) in the conveying direction to the strand conveyor belt (56) connects and that during the transfer of another strand conveyor, preferably a strand conveyor belt (22) on the Filling material Paser strand on the strand conveyor belt (56) and wrapping material strip side facing away in the conveying direction schiebend , · 'Attacks. .. ''. ^: . '_'. ' 17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that on the filler material Paserstrang (62) facing away from the side of the air-permeable further extruded conveyor (22) negative pressure is applied, through which the filling material fiber support (62) on the further strand conveyor (22). is held · 18. The method according to claim 12 and / or 13, characterized in that the strand conveyor (56) carries the wrapping material strip (2) on which the Püllmaterialfasern be shuddered * 19. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filler material Pas is ranked first eglated on its surface. 20. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the seeds (4) are placed on the moving filler material Paserstrang (62) before closing the Hüllmaterialstreifens (2) for forming the Pflanzstumpenschiauches (20).      '' - "·. - · .22-. ':';;: 21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that the seeds (4) taken from a supply (18) and thereby isolated, after which they strand while maintaining the separation on the moving filler fiber (62) are placed. 22. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that the seeds are supplied with a movement component in the direction of movement of the filler fiber strand (62) and with a direction of movement perpendicular to the filler fiber strand ·. Process according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the seeds are fed to it synchronously with the movement of the filling material strand (62) such that seeds (4) are deposited at predetermined distances from the points (8, 9) at which the filler fiber strand is severed when cutting plant stumps. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that fertilizer particles, e.g. Fertilizer grains, are supplied · Process according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that an enveloping material strip (2) of easily decomposable material, preferably paper, is supplied and shaped into planting pump sheaths a (2a). 26. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that, during their conveyance, they are deflected in the direction of their longitudinal axes. . ^"S '..'. '''- 23 - cut plant stumps (1) in a deflecting zone (78) are successively deflected in a direction transverse to their longitudinal axes and conveyed away, 27. An apparatus for producing substantially cylindrical Pflanzstumpen, each consisting of a filler material and optionally at least one seed surrounding sheath, with a feed device for a wrapping material strip, with a feeder for filling material and optionally with a supply device for seeds, wherein the supply means for filling the Form of a spreader for the continuous removal of Füllmaterialteil- '. From a filling material supply and for spreading the filling material in the form of a thin layer (fleece) whose height is small compared to the width transversely to the conveying direction, which has a transversely to the conveying direction of the web guided strand conveyor for collecting the filling material of the nonwoven nachgessaydnet a strand of continuous filler, which continuously feeds the filler strand of a tube forming device, for forming a Pflanzstumpenschlauchs and a cutting device for cutting Pflanzstumpen of the Pflanzstumpenschlauch, characterized in that the filler material supply consists essentially of manmade fibers (3). 2. Apparatus according to claim 27, characterized in that the filler supply (3) consists of minerals of artificially produced fibers (rockwool or glassy fibers. 29. The device according to claim 27 and 28, characterized in that the filler material supply (3) consists of ZeI-iulosebasis artificially produced fibers.   · · /. , -24 - 30. The device according to one or more of claims to 29, characterized by two supplies (12a, 12b) with a conveyor (31 »49) for Füllmater-ialfasern from a large store (12a) to a smaller supply (12b), the one Removal device (33) is assigned to the continuous removal of Füllmaterialfasern and forming a fleece (13) made of Füllmaterialfasern., 31. The apparatus of claim 30, characterized by a measuring device (46) for the height of the smaller stock (12 b) with a control arrangement (48) for the supply of Füllmaterialfasern from the larger stock (12 a) to the smaller stock (12 b) for the purpose of Maintenance is connected. 32. Apparatus according to claim 30 and / or 31 »characterized by a compacting member (46) for the FUllmaterialsfasern in the smaller supply (12b) to at least approximately constant values. 33. Apparatus according to claim 31 and / or 32, characterized in that the measuring device for the height of the smaller stock (12b) is simultaneously formed as a compacting member (46). Device according to claim 32 and / or 33 », characterized in that the compacting member is designed as a rammer (46) sinking under the influence of gravity. 35. Device according to one or more of claims 27 to 34, characterized in that the spreader (11) has a removal device (33) for fibers in the form of a needles (34) or pins provided with roller (36).   , , .. · "·:. .- 25 - 36. Apparatus according to claim 35, characterized by one of the removal roller (34, 36) associated further counter-rotating, provided with needles or pins roller (37) for limiting the removed filler fiber layer. 37 »device according to claim 35 and / or 36, characterized by a racket roller (38) for knocking the Püllmaterialfasem from the needles (3.4) or pins of the removal roller (36). 38. Device according to one or more of the claims 27 to 37 »characterized by a feeding device (72) for fertilizer particles (71) to the Püllmaterialfasem. 39. Device according to one or more of the claims 27 to 38, characterized by a feed device (44) for a substance which connects the fibers to one another (5). 40. The device according to one or more of claims 27 to 39, characterized by a strand conveyor in Porm of a channel (14) guided strand conveyor belt (56). 41. Apparatus according to claim 40, characterized by a vacuum chamber (58) on the back of the chopped filler fiber strand (62) facing away from the back of the air-permeable strand conveyor belt. 42. Device according to one or more of the claims 27 to 41, characterized by a Egalisator (63) for smoothing the surface of the filler fiber strand (62). /; , ;; · .. ^; · · ^; - · · -26 -. ' ^v ,'. ·: 43. Apparatus according to one or more of Claims 27 to 42, characterized by a further strand conveyor (22) on the side of the filler material strand (62) facing away from the strand conveyor belt (56) for pushing the filler fiber strand towards the body Strand conveyor belt (56) adjoining wrapping material strips (2), 44. Apparatus according to claim 43, characterized in that the further strand conveyor (22) formed as an air-permeable strand conveying l.st'i at the back of a vacuum chamber is provided. 45. The device according to one or more of claims 27 to 44, characterized by a laying device (16, 66) for seeds (4) in the region of the still unclad filler fiber strand (62). 46. Apparatus according to claim 45, characterized by a metering device (19) for separating and feeding seeds. 47 * Device according to one or more of claims 27 to 46, characterized by a deflection device (29) for transferring the longitudinally promoted Pflanzstumpen (1) after the Afc tendon id en ;, in a direction of movement transverse to their longitudinal axes. 48. Pflanzeturapen, preferably as prepared by the method according to the invention, with a cylindrically shaped shell which surrounds a body of filling material and optionally a seed, characterized in that the filling material (3) consists of kunstlieh, produced fibers (synthetic fibers). - 27 - '·. '. ' 49. Plant stumps according to claim. 48, characterized in that the synthetic fibers are made of minerals (13), z * B. Steinwplle, are. 50. Plant stump according to claim 48, characterized in that the synthetic fibers are produced on a cellulose basis ; are., · " 51. Plant stem according to one or more of claims 48 to 50, characterized in that the synthetic fibers are connected to each other by a solidifier (15) at the contact points. 52. Plant stem according to one or more of claims 48 to 51 », characterized in that between the synthetic fibers fertilizer particles (71) are arranged. ⁱ - For this 2 sheets drawings -