DD210545A3 - PROCESS FOR PRODUCING HORN FLOUR - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for the production of empty horn and / or fullhorn flour, which finds application in dry and ground form, optionally as granules, in the Feuerloesch- or Duengemittelindustrie. It is the goal to be able to work with the invention in large-scale production with low economic effort and to reduce energy consumption. According to the invention, a treatment of horn with steam of a temperature of at least 160 degrees C and a drying at 130 degrees C.

Description

Method of making horn flour

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a manufacturing process for producing horn meal in dry form for use in the fire-extinguishing or fertilizer industry.

Characteristic of known technical solutions It is known that horn meal is produced from the horn parts of terrestrial mammals. When processing horn parts without the bone cones contained therein, von Leerhorn speaks of Vollhorn and, when processing horn parts, the bone cones in them by Vollhorn.

For the processing of empty horn or full horn flour, the respective raw material must be degreased. This is done by using extraction gas in the boiling range of 80 ⁰ C to 110 C. The resulting gasoline-fat mixture is subjected to mechanical purification by filters a distillation process, wherein the solvent is distilled off by supplying heat, then condensed and reused for further use Available"

The horn fat is used to produce soaps. After the degreasing of the raw material has been completed, the heat is removed and the material is then "dried" and then dried. «

The total duration of processing a batch of this batch process takes up to 75 hours, depending on the initial moisture content of the raw material. After completion of drying

the grinding takes place in beater mills.

Another method of processing blanks or horns is by using granulators. Here, the raw material is dried without degreasing in containers by supplying heat and then fed to a granulator. The finished product has granular form · The production process of horn meal using organic solvents requires a high expenditure on equipment through the use of gasoline tank farms, carburettors, extras, condensers, aftercoolers and pumps. The use of 8enzin is a potentially explosive system, so that extensive safety measures are necessary to avoid the risk of accidents caused by explosions and fires.

Despite the recovery of the solvent, a loss occurs between 3 and 5 %, in unfavorable cases until. 10 % up. The processing time of a batch of up to 75 hours requires a considerable amount of energy. In the case of the granulate process, the expenditure on equipment is lower · The safety measures for explosion protection are likewise not required. A disadvantage is the high wear of the cutting blades of the granulators, which is due to the lack of degreasing and the associated hardness of the material. "The fat contained in the urine material is lost to soaps for further processing." From the DRP-527 427 and the US PS 2 170 552 it is known that the production of animal meal, the separation of fat components and embrittlement of the horn material can be achieved by steam on animal carcasses. In this case, the entire raw material mass is transferred by means of a cooking process into a pulp-like mass, which is then freed by a PreSprozeß from the grease and milled. A similar process involves GB patent 1 125 723. The raw materials are subjected to several cooking operations to release the fats.

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The minor horn components present in the raw material are part of the produced animal meal. The application of a cooking process to pure horny material leads to a consistency that is not suitable for the production of horn meal.

Object of the invention

The invention has the goal to create the possibility of large-scale production of Lserhorn- and Vollhornmehi with little economic effort.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The known and practically used method for the production of horn meal are technically and energy-consuming and entail explosion hazard. The invention has for its object to produce a fat free, thermally gently treated high quality horn meal.

This object is achieved by treating full horn and / or empty horn with superheated steam at a temperature of at least 160 ⁰ C to a residual fat content of about 1 % (weight percent), dried at a temperature of 33O ⁰ C and then the degreased horn The method can be carried out in devices known per se for degreasing horn.

The horn material is poured into a jacket-heated drying apparatus. "For the degreasing and drying process, the use of a superheated steam, which causes a final temperature of the horn material of 130 ⁰ C, required. In the first phase of the process, the horn fat is melted out by heating the double jacket and introducing direct steam into the drying apparatus. In order to heat the horn material within a reasonable period of time, it is necessary for the superheated steam to have a minimum tempera ture of ISO C , It is useful to treat with steam at a temperature up to 220 ⁰ C, at higher steam temperatures increases the risk of spontaneous combustion of the horn material.

In this procedure, the 1st phase is completed after about 6 hours.

In the 2nd phase, the drying takes place up to a material terature of l3o ⁰ C, wherein the moisture of Hornraaterials is transported by the flowing through the drying apparatus direct steam to the condenser system

 The total drying time is 19 hours, resulting in a total batch time of 25 hours.

After drying, the horn material has a residual water content below 5 % and can be fed to the grinding plant.

In contrast to the methods used, the use of organic solvents for degreasing the material is dispensed with. Through the use of appropriate heat energy is achieved by a Ausschmelzvorgang the same effect. In addition to the production of a thermally gently treated, high-quality horn meal, the horn fat production is retained.

By eliminating the extraction of gas, the equipment cost can be significantly reduced, the required explosion protection and solvent consumption avoided and energy consumption can be reduced.

Horn fat can be produced in comparison to the granulate process and a cost-intensive source of interference can be eliminated by eliminating the granulators.

AusfönrungsbeispieI

Empty and / or full horn is filled into a heatable double-walled container with drainage socket on the bottom for grease. After closing the container, direct and jacket steam at a temperature of ISO ⁰ C is supplied. After 3 hours of treatment time, the first melted horn fat can be drained off, the remainder after another 2 hours Sehandlungszeit. The removal of moisture from the material takes place through the direct steam flowing through «

Steam is also supplied during the subsequent drying period,

After about 25 hours, the Gesaratrnaterial reaches a temperature of about 1 ^ 0 ⁰ C, which is an indication of the completion of the degreasing and drying process. After a cooling phase in an intermediate container, it will be ground. Oat prepared by the process according to the invention horn meal has a residual fat content of about 1.2 wt.% Compared to the horn meal after the gasoline extraction method of about 3 % * In the granular process, the said fat of the horn material remains in the final product.

Residual moisture is around 3.5 %. • If the product is below 5 % , the product is ready for grinding.

The thermally more gentle production of the horn meal according to the invention allows, in contrast to the known methods, a more favorable use in the fire-extinguishing industry.

Claims (1)

invention claim A process for the production of empty horn and / or whole horn flour, optionally in granular form / by thermal melting using steam of horn fat from full horn and / or empty horn and grinding the defatted horn, characterized by treating full horn and / or empty horn with superheated steam of a temperature of at least 160 C to a residual fat content of about 1 % and drying at a temperature of 130 ⁰ C.