DD203328A1 - MANUFACTURING AUXILIARIES FOR THE HOT FORMING OF METALS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to production aids for the hot forming of metals, which are primarily used in drop forging and pipe butting. The aim of the invention is the creation of high-quality production auxiliaries, which do not cause adverse effects in the further processing of the workpieces, cause no environmental pollution and are physiologically harmless and inexpensive to manufacture and use. They should have a high separation and friction and anti-wear effect and form a stable, firmly adhering and coherent film on the tool surface. The production aids according to the invention consist of a combination of 94 to 64% by mass of an alkali metal sulphate, 3 to 13% by mass of an alkali metal salt of tetraboric acid, 2 to 15% by mass of a metal diphosphate mixture, 0.5 to 5% by mass of a polysaccharide and 0, 5 to 4% by mass of a Natriumalkylsulfonates and can be used in aqueous solution with a solids content of 2 to 15% by mass in various hot forming process.

Description

Title of the invention

Production aids for the hot forming of metals

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to production aids for the hot forming of metals, which are primarily used in drop forging and pipe thrusting.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

It is known, in order to achieve a release effect and friction and wear reduction in the Wirkfuge between tool and reshaping workpiece in the hot massive metal forming, especially in drop forging, hot extrusion and pipe thrust, in different carrier chmier st of fen dispersed solid lubricants used as production aids.

It is also known that such production aids substantially structure-effective solid lubricants with lattice structure, such as graphite, boron nitride and Molybdändisulf id, or soft Metallverbindungea that have a corresponding temperature stability and do not change the state of aggregation in the stress area, such as certain sulfides, oxides and sulfates, or viscoelastic substances, such as certain metal silicates and phosphates, and their various combinations.

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For example, DE-OS 24 50 716 describe a high-temperature lubricant for the hot deformation of metals, which consists of graphite, Alkylenpolymerisa.ten or copolymers, a suspension aid and optionally an Ulmstabilisator, DB-AS 10 50 486 a heat-resistant, water-soluble, oil and grease-free Lubricant, characterized by a mixture of an alkali metal tratorate and the meta-, ortho- or pyrophosphate of an alkali metal and DB-OS · 27 51 222 a high-temperature lubricant for hot deformation of metallic materials based on boron compounds, which, in addition to boron nitride, has further, oxygen-containing boron compounds, such as boron oxide, boric acid or borosilicate

 The high-temperature lubricant for hot forming of

1'5 metals according to DE-OS 24 30 249 based on a melt product of metal phosphates and borates and includes a lubricity enhancing additive such as zinc sulfide id, Oalciumf luorid, sodium chloride or Natriumzinkpolyphosphat, and a triggering a triggering, residue-decomposing organic product based on cellulose, starch or synthetic resins.

The listed in the DB-OS 21 08 738 high-temperature lubricant for chipless metal forming consists of an alkali metal sulfate, sodium tetraborate, potassium chloride, Natriumacetattrihydrat, graphite in powder form and optionally other additives, such as melting point depressants, dispersants and stabilizers. The known graphite-containing production auxiliaries for the hot forming of metals, which are often used in the form of graphite suspensions with mineral oil or water as a carrier, has the disadvantage that they have an insufficient separation effect between the tool and the workpiece and a negative impact on the environment by Schad- Cause substance emissions and pollution of the workplace. Due to the health hazards of such products, it is inevitable in many cases to install costly extraction systems *

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The known silicate-containing solid lubricants show the negative consequence that occur through the formation of strong and very hard glass layers on the workpiece surface disturbances in the further processing and the tool life is significantly reduced · In addition, occur when using such substances due to the formation of acidic decomposition products to corrosion Tools and workpieces on.

Furthermore, the known high-temperature lubricants do not sufficiently cause the formation of contiguous, firmly adhering and uniform lubricating films on the tool surface, as in hot forming, especially in drop forging and pipe butting, very high temperatures and surface pressures occur and often boundary friction conditions exist.

Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is to provide production aids for the hot forming of metals that meet the requirements for high temperatures and surface pressures and can be used in particular for drop forging and pipe butting, cause no adverse consequences in the further processing of workpieces, cause no environmental pollution and physiologically harmless and are inexpensive in production and application.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide by combination of Hetallsalzen and organic additives graphite-free production aids for the Hotumformgebuns of metals that have a high separation and ReibuDgs- and wear-reducing effect in the Wirkfuge between the tool and workpiece, cause no corrosion and

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form a stable, firmly adherent and coherent film on the tool surface ".

Surprisingly, it has been found that for the hot forming of metals suitable environmentally friendly production aids with excellent release, good friction and wear-reducing properties capable of forming a surface film of high quality are obtained by a combination of 94 to 64, preferably 87 to 76 mass% an alkali metal sulfate, preferably sodium sulfate, 3 to 13, preferably 8 to 12% by weight of an albali salt of tetraboric acid, preferably sodium tetraborate, 2 to 15 »preferably 3 to 5% by weight of a metal diphosphate mixture, preferably a mixture of sodium diphosphate and copper diphosphate in the Mas se ratio from 2: 1,

0.5 to 5 »preferably 1 to 4 mass% of a polysaccharide, preferably methyl or ethyl cellulose, and 0.5 to 4, preferably 1 to 3 mass% of a Natriumalkylsulfonates in the chain length range of G ^ ₂ to Cj _Q. The preparation of the pesticide mixture is carried out in a known manner by brief intensive mixing of the components in any order. The Erodukt invention is used in aqueous solution with a pesticide content of 2 to 1'5 mass% as Pertigungshilfsstoff in various hot forming process.

Exemplary embodiments 30

The invention will be explained in more detail below on some embodiments.

example 1

81.5% by mass of sodium sulfate, 8.5% by mass of sodium tetraborate

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5 »3% by mass of a mixture of sodium diphosphate and copper diphosphate in the mass ratio of 2: 1, 3.7% by mass of methylcellulose and

1.0% by weight of a Natriumalkylsulfonates with an average chain length of C ^ c are intensively mixed together and used in the form of a 5% aqueous solution as a production aid "powder forging"

Example 2

85% by mass of sodium sulphate, 8% by mass of sodium tetraborate,

2% by mass of a mixture of sodium diphosphate and copper diphosphate in a mass ratio of 2: 1, 4% by mass of starch and

1% by mass of a Hatriumalkylsulfonates with an average Eettenlänge of C ^ c are mixed thoroughly with each other and used in 3Form a 4% aqueous solution as a production aid in drop forging steel.

Example 3

83% by mass of sodium sulphate, 10% by mass of sodium tetraborate,

3% by mass of a mixture of sodium diphosphate and copper diphosphate in the mass ratio of 2: 1,

2% by mass of ethylcellulose and

2% by mass of a Hatriumalkylsulfonates with an average chain length of C ^ c are mixed together intensively and used in Sbrm a 7% aqueous solution as a mandrel rod lubricant. For this purpose, the production aid is sprayed onto a mandrel having a surface temperature of 550 to 650 ⁰ O, sprayed.

The production aids for the hot forming of metals produced according to the proposed solution according to Example 1 to 8 have, in comparison to known products.

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The state-of-the-art technology has a better release effect and contributes more to friction and wear reduction. "This is made clear by the increase in the service life of the tools as well as the improvement in the surface quality and the degree of shaping of the workpieces.

In comparison to known high-temperature lubricants, the products according to the invention form a uniform and more firmly adhering Ulm on the tool surface.

Due to the graphite-free composition according to the invention occur no environmental pollution and workplace pollution; during use harmful effects are not to be feared ·

Claims (3)

_ 7 Claim for invention 1. Auxiliaries for the hot forming of metals, consisting of metal salts and organic additives, characterized in that: to the finished product, from I 94 to 64% by mass of an alkali sulfate, j 3 to 13% by mass of an alkali metal salt of tetraboric acid, 2 to 15% by mass of a metal diphosphate mixture, 0.5 "to 5% by mass of a polysaccharide and 0.5 to 4% by mass of a sodium alkylsulfonate in the range of C ₁₂ " to G <\ 8 ^{testel: ien} · 2 · Production aids according to item 1, characterized in that, based on the finished product, from 87 to 76% by mass of sodium sulfate, 8 to 12% by mass of sodium tetraborate, 3 to 5% by mass of a mixture of sodium diphosphate and copper diphosphate in the Mas se ratio of 2: 1, 1 to 4% by mass of methyl or ethyl cellulose and '1 to 3% by mass of a Natriumalkylsulfonates im Chain length range of C ^ ₂ to C ^ ₈ exist. 3. Production aids according to item 1 and 2, characterized in that they can be used in aqueous solution with a solids content of 2 to 15% by mass in various hot forming processes »