DD151899A5 - COMPOSITE, METHOD FOR ITS MANUFACTURE AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to composites for clothing, decorative and insulating materials which are obtained without tearing or heating the outer layers, and a method and an apparatus for their preparation. The composites consist of an upper layer, a sublayer bonded to it by ultrasonic welding and an intermediate layer, the upper layer and the lower layer being welded directly to each other along parallel ultrasonic seams, and the intermediate layer being in the form of individual material lines parallel to the weld seams therebetween the upper and lower layer formed channels lie. The method consists in the continuous ultrasonic welding of the material webs along parallel Schweisznaehte and inserting the Materialstraenge in between. The device for this purpose has a rocker body for ultrasonic welding, an anvil in the form of spaced plates and in the spaces between the anvil protruding guide for the Materialstraenge.

Description

57 193 26>;

AP B 32 B / 222

Field of application of the invention

Verbund5 The composites of the invention can be processed into sports and work clothing, decorative fabrics and insulating.

Characteristics of known technical solutions Three-layered and multi-layered composites are already known, the composite usually being achieved by step machine seams, adhesives, flame bonding or high-frequency welding. An essential disadvantage of stepping is that the substances are destroyed. Disadvantages of sticking are the need for heat to solvent evaporation.

^x - fung. It is also necessary to heat the foam above its melting temperature during flame bonding, which requires a considerable amount of heat and produces harmful gases which have to be removed according to environmental protection conditions, which is possible only with great expense. The Hochfreguenzverschweißung can usually 'only be carried out batchwise. A serious disadvantage of the HF process is that only a few materials can be welded, namely only those which have a suitable electrical Veriustwinkel tanξΡauf (eg soft PVC tan (equal to about 0.1 at 10 Hz in contrast, for example

to polyethylene equal tan cTca. 0.0005 ', which is not HF-weldable). Also, plastic-coated metals can not be HF-welded.

Furthermore, it is known to produce composites of a top layer, a bottom layer and a nonwoven web as an intermediate layer by punctiform ultrasonic welding. However, the prerequisite for the production of such composites is that the materials of all three layers have the same or similar vibration properties in order to be able to weld them with ultrasound. This narrows in practice the possibilities of using this method. very much one. For example, it is not possible by this method, two outer vibratory layers of synthetic fabrics with foam plastic polyurethane, polyethylene, interleaves. Synthetic rubber or nonwovens of wool, cotton, cellulose derivatives, hydrophobic or impregnated materials, metals, paper or the like to connect.

Another disadvantage of the described composites with nonwoven interlayers is that such composites can have only low elasticity, since nonwovens in the. Usually not or only slightly elastic.

Object of the invention

The aim of the invention are novel composites which have better properties and are easier to produce.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The problem underlying the invention was thus to get in the most economical and simple way composites, in which arbitrary materials as. Zwischenlage 'can be incorporated and in which outer layers of different materials united

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can be without the outer layers, as in the quilting, must be bitten and without external heating for welding must be applied. A more specific object of the invention is to obtain composites of this type with increased elasticity.

The composites of the present invention having a topsheet, a backsheet joined thereto by ultrasonic welds, and an interlayer are characterized in that the topsheet and backsheet are directly welded together along substantially parallel, spaced apart ultrasonic welds and the liner is in the form of individual strands of material lie substantially parallel to the welds between these channels formed in the upper and lower layers;

These composites have the advantage that they can contain any materials as an intermediate layer, depending on the intended use. "The materials of the intermediate layer may be ultrasonically fusible, but need not be, since the required welds are primarily only Connect the upper layer to the lower layer. Thus, depending on the intended use, it is possible to insert any materials in strand form into the channels between the top layer and the bottom layer and the welded joints, and in this way to vary the physical, chemical or thermal properties of the composite as desired,

For example, material strands of foam of polyurethane, polyethylene, synthetic rubber or soft polyvinyl chloride, nonwovens of polyester _f polyamide, siliconized fibers, wool, cotton, cellulose derivatives ₍ which or hard plastic films in the form of strips or professional len, rubber strips odex "rubber bands, paper strands , Metals in the form of strips, spiral springs, wire windings, rods or wires are incorporated ,, If this is the case of material strands, so are meant moldings whose

Length is greater than the width or thickness. These may be profiles of any design, strips, bands, tubes, spiral windings or similar structures,

It is particularly expedient if the strands of material consist of a material which can not be ultrasonically welded, since they then can not adhere along the welds to the upper layer and / or lower layer but are exposed within the channels and are movable, which increases the elasticity of the composite.

For many applications it is particularly preferred _for when the material strands are composed of a foam material, since this 1st heat-insulating, and contains relatively much air, so that such composites can fi'nden using, for example, for water sports clothing because they are heat-insulating, shock-absorbing and watertight and at the same time as Serve swimming aids,

Nonetheless, as is the case with ultrasonic welding, welds are spot welds, but according to the invention are arranged in lines such that the overall appearance of a coherent weld is similar. "

Also for the top and bottom layer very different materials can be used. It is preferred that at least one of the outer layers, the upper layer or the lower layer, consists of an elastic material. For clothing purposes, it is of course desirable that both outer layers are elastic materials, which may consist of films, optionally plastic-coated fabric, nets or the like,

For certain purposes, it is also possible to join two inelastic films or an inelastic film and an elastic film together, such as two aluminum foils or an aluminum foil with an art * =

-, κ ~

stoffolie. Since metal foils are not capable of vibrating, according to the subject of the application, they can be processed with one of the outer layers only if they are provided with an ultrasonically fusible coating, ...

If elastic materials are used as the upper layer and the lower layer in the composites of the invention, high elasticity is achieved in the direction perpendicular to the strands of material of the intermediate layer, since they lie perpendicular to the direction of pull. Material strands hardly affect the elasticity. But the elasticity of the composite material in the direction of the strands of the intermediate layer is if you are not used as the material for the intermediate layer is a rubber-elastic material for substantially less than perpendicular thereto. For this reason, it is preferred that the material strands of the intermediate layer are subdivided in the transverse direction. The individual pieces of the material strand can be connected to each other via undurchquered portions of the strand cross-section or preferably a strip of an elastic material, such as a thin foam strip or elastic fabric strips "For example, the subdivisions every 1 to 3 cm done» Auf.d this way you get a composite that has excellent elasticity in all directions of pull and is therefore an excellent material for garments such as sportswear. "This is particularly true when the transversely divided strands of material are made of foam material strands of individual pieces connected by an elastic strip are the additional advantage that with high elasticity of the composite material, the individual pieces in the channels of the composite can not be superimposed,

The composites of this invention can be varied .Use such as a sports and workwear, as insulation against cold, heat and sound, such as heat- and scarf! Insulating Textiles _f z "B, curtains, as

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Insulating and floating bodies, for highly elastic, insulating, physiologically functional clothing or parts thereof, for electric blankets, medical equipment, bag and luggage goods, for fashionable accessories, for upholstery for seating furniture, automotive interiors, stroller covers, motorcycle saddles and others. "Especially suitable these composites because of their water-tightness, heat insulating properties and Schwimraeigenschaften as water sports clothing, which also represents a buoyancy aid. In contrast to quilted composites, the surface of the outer layers remains imperforate and therefore waterproof.

When using · for seat coverings, such as for automobile seats, aircraft seats and the like, one uses for the material strands, suitably an open-cell foam and at least as a top layer, a water vapor permeable material, condensation then passes through the top layer in the pores of the foam and is due to the movements of the seated Person from pore to pore "pumped" through the foam to the underlayer.

The method according to the invention for producing the above-described composite materials comprises ultrasonically welding together two ultrasound weldable material webs forming the topsheet and the backsheet along substantially parallel, spaced apart welds, and during the welding operation between the welds the material strands of the interlayer. the upper class and the lower class inserts.

As mentioned above, the elasticity of the composite is enhanced in all directions substantially characterized in that the material strands in the transverse direction are at least divided teilwe'ise _e

In the method according to the invention, this subdivision after welding can be achieved by briefly pressing on a

it is "ge" (j * ,, c ^, _s ^ r

, 1 heated punching knife-like device can be obtained on the composite, if the materials are selected so that the material strands have a melting temperature or a melting range below that of the upper and lower layers and the temperature of the punch-like device is set so that it is below the melting temperature or, the melting range of the upper and lower layer, but at least at the melting temperature or ira melting range 'of the material strands to be divided is «

However, it is also possible to introduce the strands of material already in a divided form between the topsheet and the backsheet by inserting them in the form of successive individual pieces between the two layers. In order to facilitate this Kforgang, one can use such divided into individual pieces of material strands, in which these individual pieces still abeinanderhä.ngen over an untrimmed small part of the strand cross-section or preferably via a strip of an elastic material, such as a thin foam strip, are connected together

In this process variant, for example, a closed polyethylene foam with a weight of

33 kg / m and a thickness of 5 mm with a polyurethane foam film based on polyester ira weight of 30 kg / nf with a thickness of 1.8 mm connected by flame bonding "v / earth the materials selected so that the thicker strand of material a smaller Melting temperature than the thinner polyurethane foam film has. If now at regular intervals a punch-like device whose temperature is maintained between the melting temperatures of the two foams, is pressed onto the laminate, the polyethylene foam is divided into individual pieces, but not the polyurethane foam film on a polyester basis, so that the individual pieces of thicker polyethylene foam "strand via the polyurethane foam strip, which facilitates the introduction of the

Pieces between the topsheet and the backsheet without affecting the elasticity of the finished composite. Compared to the subsequent fragmentation of the material strands, this embodiment also has the advantage that

5.Energy for heating the top layer is saved, significantly higher throughput speeds are achieved, and the outer layers of the composite are spared,

A further improvement of the method according to the invention is that the material webs forming the upper layer and the lower layer and optionally also the material strands of the intermediate layer are welded together under different tensile stress. That is, one.

leads the material webs or strands of material of the intermediate layer of the device for Ültraschallschweißung so that in the welding process they have different tension, surprisingly, one gets when the material under greater tension resiliency, an additional improvement in the elasticity of the composite _ς In addition In this way, one can create composites that combine the properties of different types of fabric, such as a woven fabric and a knit fabric. For example, you can make the upper layer of a water-repellent, windproof smooth woven fabric (z, B, polyamide), the intermediate layer of polyurethane foam strands and the lower layer of an elastic knitted or knitted fabric * has the lower layer sufficient restoring force and it is under longitudinal tension of the ultrasonic welding fed to the almost tensionless running upper and intermediate layer, then results in a bielastischer composite after relaxation behind the welding device, whose high longitudinal elasticity results from the resilience of the lower layer, which pulls along the upper and intermediate layer shortening length, while the transverse elasticity of the side- shortening, voluminous, profiled "surface resulting from the insertion of the strands of material»

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Such composites are particularly suitable for the above purposes, especially for sportswear, because they combine thermal insulation and windproofing with high elasticity on all sides and adapt well to body movements. "

In general, one will make the tension of the webs in the longitudinal direction , wherein the different tensile stress is advantageously generated so that one of the layers of the weld so fed that there in the ratio of 1.1 "to 1.6, preferably 1, Here, either the underlayer alone or the upper layer alone can be under longitudinal stress, while the strands of material of the intermediate layer are without longitudinal stress or with a lower longitudinal stress, or the Upper and lower layer have greater longitudinal stress than the intermediate layer, or it may have the lower layer and intermediate layer or Oberschicht.und interlayer greater longitudinal stress than the upper layer bzv; Underlayer Depending on which of the layers receives the greater longitudinal stress, how large the resilience the tighter layer and, depending on how the quantitative difference of longitudinal stress is adjusted, one obtains different composites which may be preferred for different applications.

Composite materials in which the upper layer and lower layer are virtually stress-free, but the material strands of the intermediate layer are supplied under longitudinal tension, are particularly suitable as reference materials for furniture, where it is necessary to obtain molded articles wrinkle-free without manufacturing difficulties.

The different tensile stresses of the material webs or, Materia3.stränge can get one in such a way that one of the weld in the ultrasonic welding device via individually adjustable, preferably continuously re = -

Gulierbare rolls or pairs of rollers supplies, so that one or other material web or * the strands of material of the intermediate layer at the weld can be held under greater tension than the other materials at will and need «

A device suitably used for the method according to the invention with an anvil and an oscillating body for ultrasonic welding is characterized by an anvil in the form of spaced apart plates and guides for the strands of material of the intermediate layer projecting into the spaces between the anvil plates. The guides for the strands of material of the intermediate layer can be designed differently, for example as channels or preferably as tubes, through which endless strands of the intermediate layer material, such as foam strands, are delivered. In using such a device, one web, underlayer or topsheet is fed under the guides for the strands of material and the other web over the guides for the strands of material of the ultrasonic welder. In this way, before the welding of the two material webs, the material strands of the intermediate layer are spaced apart from one another in parallel at intervals between the material webs when they reach the ultrasonic welding device. At intervals between the strands, the welding spot is then set in the form of parallel lines by the ultrasonic welder, thus creating the so-called welds between the strands of the intermediate layer. When placing the vibrating body of the ultrasonic welding device on the anvil, the strands of material of the intermediate layer usually have to be interposed between the strands Can lay anvil plates, so that the device according to the invention is suitably designed so that in the region of the oscillating body between the anvil plates enough space for the penetration of the strands of material of the intermediate layer.

  - 11 -

Suitably, the device according to the invention has as anvil plates on a common shaft at intervals spaced ring plates. Conveniently, annular spacers between the annular plates are also provided.

5 orders. It is particularly useful when the ring plates are arranged with respect to their mutual distance adjustable on the shaft _f so as to adapt the device arbitrarily to the material requirements,

In order to get according to the above statements composites with high elasticity on all sides _f the material strands of the intermediate layer should be divided in the transverse direction. In certain cases this is done procedurally

'May reach "by supplying already divided into individual pieces on the guides for the strands of material Materialßtränge, But since it is difficult in certain materials, and may perform cross-laying of individual pieces to production inhibitions, a particularly preferred development of the method according to the invention is that one uses material strands with a melting temperature below that of the upper and lower layer and introduces the material strands as a whole into the channels between the upper and lower layers, but after insertion, by briefly pressing one below the melting or softening temperature of the upper layer and underlayer, but above the melting temperature of the material strands heated punching knife-like device divided on the composite in the transverse direction,

In this way, one can subdivide the initially contiguous strands of material _f, such as those of a foamed plastic, in the finished welded product from the outside, without affecting the outer layers of the composite, '

The case can be used punch-like heatable device, for example, 0 _f 5 to 1.0 mm thick metal sheet be that by strokes in an adjustable rhythm

or it may be a suitably milled heatable gear-like roller that is rotationally pressed onto the composite.

In the drawing shows

1 is a perspective view of a detail of a composite material according to the invention, wherein in the left part of the same transversely divided material strands, in the right part but alternatively contiguous strands of material are included,

Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a view of the device according to the invention from the front and

3 is a schematic view of the device shown in FIG. 2 viewed from the side,

The composite material according to the invention shown in Fig. 1 consists of the upper layer 1, the lower layer 2 and the material strands, such as foam cables 3, the upper layer 1 and the lower layer 2 are made of an ultrasonic weldable material and are spot welded together along the welds 5 with ultrasound.

In the figure, two embodiments are shown simultaneously. In the right half of the figure, the strands of material 3 consist of contiguous foam cables, while in the left part consist of individual, at least partially separated foam cylinders 4, which lie one behind the other and form the material strands in their entirety. The strands of material may lie in the channels formed by these layers without connection to the topsheet and the backsheet, whichever is the case, if the material of these strands 3 is not ultrasonically weldable. The material strands 3 but can. also have some connection with the upper layer and lower layer at the welds 5, if they themselves consist of an ultrasonic weldable material.

In FIGS. 2 and 3, a device for carrying out the method according to the invention is shown diagrammatically. As the main component, this device has annular disk-shaped anvil plates 6, each having two rows of pre-jumps 7, which serve for point welding at the welds 5. These anvil plates 6 are mounted on a common shaft 8 and fixed in position by spacers 9 in the form of smaller steel rings. The spacers 9 are surrounded by a filling ring 10 which partially fills the space between adjacent anvil plates, but only so far that an annular recess 11 remains in the region of the periphery, in which the upper layer 1 and the lower layer 2 in the welding process in close contact with the periphery of the anvil plates and an'dem vibrating body must be able to penetrate. By replacing the spacers 9 and the filling rings 10 by such larger or smaller width, the distances of the anvil plates 6 are adjustable,

Due to the steplessly adjustable roller pair 16, the material web of the upper layer 1 with adjustable tensile stress is introduced into the gap between the oscillating body 12 and the anvil plates 6 via the deflection roller 19. The material web of the underlayer 2 is fed via the steplessly adjustable roller pair 18 and Feeding the strands 3 on the continuously variable pair of rollers 17 'and the feed tubes 13 "The pair of rollers 22 serves to pull the composite from the vibrating body under tension, the tension of a web 1, 2 or the material strands 3 in the longitudinal direction you get by the fact that the common shaft 8 of the anvil plates 6 rotates faster than the respective pair of rollers 16 to 18 "

The material strands are fed to the intermediate layer via the feed tubes 13 of substantially square cross-section. The underlayer 2 is forced under the feed tube 13 and the topsheet 1 is fed via the feed tubes 13 into the gap between the anvil plates 7 and the oscillating plate.

Body 12 introduced. Since the feeding of the top layer 1 and the bottom layer 2, as well as the feeding of the "material strands 3, takes place continuously, in this way the material strands 3 are incorporated into the composite simultaneously with the welding process.

As can be seen in FIG. 3, a heated punching knife 14, which presses against the welded composite at regular time intervals, which runs continuously on the abutment 15, is arranged at the take-off point of the device. The temperature of this punching knife 14 is adjusted so that the upper layer 1 and the lower layer 2 are not melted, while the embedded strands of material of the. Intermediate layer in contact with the punching knife by melting at the contact point are completely or partially severed.

Before each feed tube 13, a knife 16 is arranged, the cutting edge facing against the direction of the material strands. Thus, one can supply the device with a foam sheet. This is subdivided by the knives 16 into individual strands, which are now individually guided into one of the supply tubes 13.

Examples Example 1

Two webs of a chain-knitting fabric weighing about 150 g / m and consisting of about 18% spandex and 82% polyamide yarn were measured on an ultrasonic machine as shown in the longitudinal direction at a distance of 16 mm and an anvil width of 4 mm welded together. The anvils located below the horns were constructed in disc shape and rotatably mounted, so that a continuous ultrasonic welding of the two oscillatory h, the outer layers of the composite

forming chain chair fabrics was possible. Continuous continuous strips of a polyether-based polyurethane foam with a density of 30 kg / m and a width and height of 10 ram were continuously inserted into the parallel longitudinal cavities formed in the longitudinal direction of the weld.

The composite produced in this way had a pronounced profile structure, was elastically elastic on all sides and had a good resilience after weight or strain loading,

Example 2

Two circular knit tricot fabrics of polyamide yarn with a weight per unit area of approx. 120 g / m were ultrasonically welded in the manner of Application Example 1 in the cavity clearance of 40 mm. Into the voids formed during the welding were continuously 35 mm wide strips of woolen fleece with a weight of

2 100 g / m endlessly inserted.

The composite produced in this way was elastic, had extremely favorable physiological properties with regard to keeping warm, absorbing and dispensing moisture and could advantageously be used for sportswear and work clothing.

example

One with a resilient polyurethane weighing

2 60 g / m coated chain chair fabric as in Example 1 was welded together with a chain chair fabric of 12% spandex and 88% polyamide with a weight of approximately 100 g / m 2 in the manner and dimensions of Example 1. Into the cavities was the welding process endlessly a Po ~

Lyophylene foam with one. Weight of 30 kg / m in round profile shape with a diameter of 10 mm inserted.

The resulting composite had a mutually repeating

Among other things, it can be used for protective clothing for motor sportsmen, motorcyclists, water rescue clothing and for fashionable effects in the tannery,

Two chain chairs weighing each one

2 150 g / m of 18% spandex and 82% polyamide were welded as spaced apart as in Example 1 so that parallel cavities were formed, in which foamed PoIy

3 ethylene with a weight of 30 kg / m in round profile shape of 10 mm diameter was inserted endlessly.

This Verbündstoff was carried away with a pressure of about 1 bar under a heated to about 150 C, gear-like milled roller. The milling was so dimensioned that the webs had a depth of approx. 15 mm and at the pressure point a thickness of 0.77 mm.

The milled roll had a diameter of approx. 150 mm, the web distances were approx. 15 mm outside, and these webs were heated in an adjustable manner from the inside by circulating oil,

At a working width of 1200 ntra, the device divided in tempo between 5 to 7 m / min, the endless intermediate layer material made of foamed polyethylene in cylindrical individual pieces of about 15 mm in length,

A water - repellent woven fabric made of polyamide in the

Weight of 60 g / m was measured on an ultrasonic machine with a circular knit plush fabric made of 25 % polyamide yarn HE (highly elastic) and 75% cotton yarn weighing ca,

230 g / m with a device according to the invention in the longitudinal direction at a clear distance of 16 mm at an anvil width of 4 mm welded together so that .the lower layer

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forming elastic circular knit fabric in the ultrasonic connection had a longitudinal stress of about 30%. The anvil anvils were disc-shaped and rotatably mounted so that continuous ultrasonic welding of the two vibratory weaves and knits forming the outer layers of the composite was possible. Continuous strips of polyether-based polyurethane foam with a density of 18 kg / l 13 mm and a height of 8 mm were continuously inserted into the parallel cavities formed by welding in the longitudinal direction.

based on polyether in the density of 18 kg / m in a width of

The woven knit composite thus produced was elastic on all sides with an extremely low specific gravity, hardwearing, weatherproof, heat-insulating and perspiration-absorbent.

A top layer forming chain chair active with

a weight of about 200 g / m, which consists of ca, 18% Polyure ™.

thangarn and 82% polyamide yarn, and an underlayer of 25% polyamide yarn and 75% cotton yarn was ultrasonically welded together as shown in the drawing so that the top layer had a longitudinal tension of about 40% in the ratio of turns and underlayer was fed to the anvil vibrating system. The interlining of the material strands of the intermediate layer was carried out as in Example 5. The profiled thermoinsulating composite produced in this way combined the properties of highly elastic synthetic knits on the outside with the physiological features of the cotton on the inner side _β

35 Example 7

A circular knit made of polyamide, which forms the upper layer

200 g / m was approximately span-

coextensive with a circular knit forming the lower layer «·

Polyester plush fabric weighing approx. 380 g / m on one side. Ultrasonic machine welded together according to the drawing. In the parallel cavities formed longitudinally during the welding, continuous strips of a polyether-based polyurethane foam having a density were continuously formed as strands of material

3 of 46 kg / m in a width of 13 mm and a height of 12 mm each with a longitudinal tension of about 30% in relation to the upper and lower layer inserted. The composite produced in this way had a pronounced profile structure after relaxation, was highly elastic even in the case of continuous stretch _f, and was outstandingly suitable for furniture covering and for making reference to automobile seats, 15

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Claims (5)

-19-invention claim 19. Device according to item 15 to 18, characterized in that they individually steplessly adjustable feed rollers or pairs of rollers for the webs (1,2) of the upper and lower layers and / or for A composite having a topsheet, a subbing layer joined thereto by ultrasonic welding bonds, and an intermediate layer, characterized in that the topsheet (1) and the backsheet (2) directly contact each other along substantially parallel, spaced apart ultra-welds (5) are welded and the intermediate layer is in the form of individual strands of material (3) JO lying substantially parallel to the welds (5) between them in the channels formed by the upper and lower layers. (2) forming webs of ultrasonically weldable material 5 along substantially parallel, spaced apart welds (5) welded together by ultrasound and during the welding process between the welds (5) the material strands 2. Composite according to item 1, characterized in that f5 the material strands (3) in the transverse direction several times at least partially divided (4). (3) the liner. between the top layer (1) and the backsheet (2). 9. The method according to item 8, characterized in that one uses material strands (3) having a melting temperature or a melting range below that of the upper and lower layer (1,2) and the strands of material after insertion by briefly pressing one at a temperature below the Melting temperature or the melting range of the upper and lower layer, but at least at the melting temperature or in the melting range of the material strands to be subdivided heated punching knife-like device on the composite in the transverse direction at least partially divided (4). 2510.A method according to item 7, characterized in that one inserts the strands of material (3) in the form of successive individual pieces (4). 11.Verfahren according to item 10, characterized in that one uses material strands, consisting of successive individual pieces (9) which are interconnected by a strip of an elastic material. 3512 method according to items 7 to 11, characterized in that the material webs forming the upper layer (1) and the lower layer (2) are under different tensile stress, preferably in a ratio of -21-1.1 to. 1.6 stretched state, together ver.13.Method according to point 12, characterized in that the material webs of the upper layer (1) or the lower layer (2) during welding under larger longitudinal •; voltage than the webs of the other layer holds. ' 14.Verfahren according to item 7 to 13, characterized in that one inserts the material strands (3) under longitudinal tension between the upper layer '(1) and the lower layer (2). 15.Vorrichtung for carrying out the method according to item 7 to 14 with an anvil and a vibrating body for ultrasonic welding, characterized by an anvil in the form of spaced plates (6) and in the spaces between the anvil plates (6) projecting guides (13) for the material strands (3) of the intermediate layer. 16.Vorrichtung according to item 15, characterized in that the Ainboßplatten (6) on a common shaft (8) ii> distances from each other fixed ring plates are. , 17.Vorrichtung according to item 15 and 16, characterized in that the distances of the anvil plates (6) are adjustable SO bar. 18.Vorrichtung according to item 15 to 17 _f characterized in that in the region of the oscillating body (12) between the Ainboßplatten (6) the material strands (3) of the intermediate layer receiving recesses (11) are provided. 3. Composite according to item 2, characterized in that the individual pieces (4) of the transversely divided, subdivided strands of material (3) via a strip of an elastic material, such as a thin foam strip, are interconnected. 4. Composite according to item 1 to 3, characterized in that the material strands (3) consist of a non-ultrasonic weldable material. 5. Composite according to item 1 to 4, characterized in that the material strands (3) consist of a foam plastic. 6. Composite according to point Λ to 5, characterized in that the material of the upper layer (1) and / or the lower layer (2) is elastic. 7. composite according to item 1 to 6, characterized in that the strands of material of the intermediate layer consist of an elastic material. 8. A process for the preparation of a composite according to items 1 to 7, characterized in that continuously two of the upper layer (1) and the lower layer 5, the material strands (3). · To do this, draw drawings