DD151325A1 - REACTOR FOR LARGE PLANTS FOR PRESSURE GASIFICATION OF COAL - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a reactor for Groszanlagen for pressure gasification of coal with a solid ash discharge and high unit performance. To be achieved is an improved overall conversion efficiency. According to the invention, the reactor is divided into a plurality of segment-like reaction chambers for receiving the carbon spallation with separate gasification agent feeds.

Description

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Title _:

Reactor for large-scale plants for the pressure gasification of coal

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a reactor, for large-scale installations for the pressure gasification of Kohle.mit solid ash discharge and high unit performance,

Characteristic of the Known Technical Process The known technical process for coal gasification under pressure with a preferably steam / oxygen mixture is highly dependent on the performance of the coal used. The specific performance is essentially determined by the discharge of dust from the reactor. The dust discharge is particularly high when due to grain disintegration larger inhomogeneities in the grain composition of the bed occur "and as a result, the gas flow does not cover the entire bed cross section, son", preferably exits via channel breakthroughs at high flow velocity.

In particular, in the gasification of lignite (briquettes, cartilage) high dust discharge is given. This can be 1oo g and more per standard cubic meter of production gas «. , , , ,

To master the channel currents and to stop the high plug-out output from your generator

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is a proposal for the local separation of the previously common combined in a common device Vergasungsmittelzufuhr and ash removal known Previously, these tasks were tied to the generator grid at the bottom of the reactor.

Object of the invention.

The aim of the invention is to increase the raw gas performance of coal-pressure gasifiers while improving the overall conversion efficiency, large gasification plants are to allow high coal throughputs «

Explanation of the essence of the invention

- The invention makes use of the existing possibility to supply the gasification agent largely adapted to the requirements of the coal bed locally separated from the ash discharge as primary and secondary stream. By means of this supply of gasification, the transport of ash into the upper bed is favorably excluded for the flow of bulk material; On the other hand, the distribution elements can be designed so that the entire bed is detected by the gas stream. These possibilities allow larger dimensions of the gasification units,

According to the invention, a plurality of reaction chambers are arranged side by side for the good guidance of the gasification substance on the one hand and of the gasification agent on the other hand. ... ,

In this way it is possible erheb3-I _β to expand a reactor in cross-section, the coal feed, the main gas vent, the ash discharge stay with gerin- ·· ger chamber number together, the coal is dividend but 'in segment-like chambers (for example, four chambers) separated from each other, the

also each receive a separate Vergasungsmittelzufuhr and results auf.dese way closed. sene gasification shafts _s so-called gasification chambers "The itemized in chambers reactor may, as is conventional as a cylinder, but also be executed -in other geometric shape" Pur very large loads, the reaction chambers are arranged in a gasification battery in two parallel rows "The Reaktionskamnern respectively obtained a separate coal feed, from a above the carburetor battery arranged central Kohledruckkammer * From the coal pressure chamber of the gasification material via a central supply device, such as a central feedscriter or je.einen separate Redler on each reaction chamber row, continuously fed into the reaction chambers Each reaction chamber has a separate raw gas outlet · On the carburettor battery runs on both sides of a manifold, which leads the raw gas for treatment,

Below the seed gasification feed, each reaction chamber separately feeds the ash into a central ash removal system via an outfeed element (e.g., variable rate rammer or displacer), e.g. a, centrally under the carburetor battery arranged Redler 'a. It is also possible, for example, for a rotler to be arranged under each row of the chamber. "· The ash discharge takes place continuously" The central ash removal system transports the ash into a central pressure chamber.

Continuous coal feed and continuous ash removal enable continuous, trouble-free operation of each reaction chamber. Depending · * de reaction chamber is very flexible adjustable _β Regardless of the neighboring Reaktionskaminern each reaction chamber can shut down or with any

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Last operated »The. pressure-bearing walls of the carburetor battery can be provided with a water jacket. The possible throughput of the aftertreatment units of the raw gas determines the number of connected reaction chambers and thus the size of the gasification battery.

Embodiment 1 -. -. ,

In FIG. 1, the gasification substance is fed on the top side in the illustrated reactor. The generated raw gas is also removed centrally in the upper part of the reactor. The coal introduced via a sluice system (possibly conventional coal sluice, if necessary also two or more sluices) is distributed via a coal distributor to the reaction chambers 4 (see FIG. 2). The gasification agent feed 2, 3 takes place via distribution elements 5 'and each reaction chamber separately. The ash flows together after the conversion reaction from the reaction chambers in the common reactor lower part and is conveyed via the ash discharge system (if appropriate, scraper, displacer with adjustable stroke or conventional grate with possible supplementary steam). or also steam / acid feed and peripheral scrapers)

Embodiment 2 ...

In FIGS. 3 and 4, a larger number of reaction chambers in two rows of chambers become a carburetor battery

summarized· .- .

The Kohleauführung takes place according to Figure 3 * from a zen-. in a central coal feed system 7 to the reaction chambers 4. this coal feed is shown as an example of a Redler (or even a Redler over each chamber row). From the central supply system, the separate supply, via the feed elements 8, Each .Reaktionskammer owns a separate raw gas outlet 9j The raw gas is discharged from both sides of the chamber rows in the raw gas 1o -amic pipes for further gas treatment »

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In the reaction chambers, the primary (2) and secondary (3) Yergasungsmittelzufuhr and distribution separately. The ash discharge at the bottom is also carried out separately via the device 11 (scraper, displacer j conventional grate with .Räumer and others) in the central ash removal .12, which transports the ash in the central ash pressure chamber 13 (as an example, a Redler is shown). , Then the ashes reach the Aschenach treatment 14 "Two or more pressure chambers (coal, ash) are in the. Wechsel.oder other succession operated and thus enable the continuous material flow. In Pigur 5, the arrangement of the .Reaktionskammerreihen is shown in an arc. In this way, the utilization of gravity is possible for the Stoffluß (coal, ash) from the central coal pressure chamber and the central ash pressure chamber. As a result of this chamber arrangement, approximately equal distances are still created between the chambers and the central pressure chambers. .... 'The arrangement of the chamber rows in a curved arc can be expanded in extreme cases to a closed circular ring.

Claims (3)

22 1563 claims for invention,. . v. 1. Reactor for large-scale plants for pressure gasification of coal with common coal feed and ash discharge of the chambers and with primary and secondary gasification agent supply, characterized in that the reactor is divided into several segment-like reaction chambers for receiving the coal bed and has separate Vergasungsmittelzuführungen. 2 «reactor according to item 1, characterized in that two rows of chambers are arranged to an arbitrarily large battery with central coal pressure chamber and central ash pressure chamber and a central supply device each chamber has a separate coal feed and the separate ash discharge is connected analogously with a central ash removal system. 3 * reactor according to item 1, characterized in that two rows of chambers are arranged to an arbitrarily long battery such that the supply of coal from a central Kohledrückkammer via a central supply system with separate coal supply for each chamber and for each chamber a separate ash discharge is present in a central ash removal system to the central ash pressure chamber and the separate gas outlet opens into a arranged on both sides to the battery length central raw gas manifold.